上海大學(xué)英語(yǔ)翻譯碩士357英語(yǔ)翻譯基礎(chǔ)配套考研真題庫(kù)

-CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-CompanyOne1-CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-CompanyOne1上海大學(xué)英語(yǔ)翻譯碩士357英語(yǔ)翻譯基礎(chǔ)配套考研真題庫(kù)PAGE上海大學(xué)英語(yǔ)翻譯碩士357英語(yǔ)翻譯基礎(chǔ)配套考研真題庫(kù)一、一、上海大學(xué)357英語(yǔ)翻譯基礎(chǔ)考研真題及詳解PartI(30points)1．TranslatethefollowingEnglishorChineseterminologiesintoChineseorEnglishonesrespectively.(20points)①G20【答案】20國(guó)集團(tuán)@~②經(jīng)適房【答案】Residencehousesforlow-and-mediumwageearners/AffordableHousing@~③和而不同【答案】HarmoniousbutDifferent@~④工業(yè)“三廢”【答案】threewastes(wastegas,wastewaterandwasteresidues)@~⑤保障性住房【答案】indemnificatoryhousing@~2．Whatfactorsdoyouthinkneedtobetakenintoconsiderationwhenyouarecommissionedtotranslateasourcetext

(10points)

【答案】Weshouldfollowtwoprinciples—faithfulnessandexpressiveness.Faithfulnessmeansthefullandcompleteconveyingortransmissionoftheoriginalcontentorthought.Expressivenessdemandsthattheversionmustbeclearandflowingwithoutanygrammaticalmistakesorconfusedlogicandsense.@~PartIIPutthefollowingpassageintoChinese(60points)TRUE!—nervous—very,verydreadfullynervousIhadbeenandam;butwhywillyousaythatIammad

Thediseasehadsharpenedmysenses—notdestroyed—notdulledthem.Aboveallwasthesenseofhearingacute.Iheardallthingsintheheavenandintheearth.Iheardmanythingsinhell.How,then,amImad

Hearken!Andobservehowhealthily—howcalmlyIcantellyouthewholestory.Itisimpossibletosayhowfirsttheideaenteredmybrain;butonceconceived,ithauntedmedayandnight.Objecttherewasnone.Passiontherewasnone.Ilovedtheoldman.Hehadneverwrongedme.Hehadnevergivenmeinsult.ForhisgoldIhadnodesire.Ithinkitwashiseye!Yes,itwasthis!Oneofhiseyesresembledthatofavulture—apaleblueeye,withafilmoverit.Wheneveritfelluponme,mybloodrancold;andsobydegrees—verygradually—Imadeupmymindtotakethelifeoftheoldman,andthusridmyselfoftheeyeforever.Nowthisisthepoint.Youfancymemad.Madmenknownothing.Butyoushouldhaveseenme.YoushouldhaveseenhowwiselyIproceeded—withwhatcaution—withwhatforesight—withwhatdissimulationIwenttowork!IwasneverkindertotheoldmanthanduringthewholeweekbeforeIkilledhim.AndeverynightaboutmidnightIturnedthelatchofhisdoorandopenedit—oh,sogently!Andthen,whenIhadmadeanopeningsufficientformyhead,Iputinadarklanternallclosed,closedsothatnolightshoneout,andthenIthrustinmyhead.Oh,youwouldhavelaughedtoseehowcunninglyIthrustitin!Imoveditslowly—very,veryslowly,sothatImightnotdisturbtheoldman’ssleep.IttookmeanhourtoplacemywholeheadwithintheopeningsofarthatIcouldseehimashelayuponhisbed.Ha!—wouldamadmanhavebeensowiseasthis

AndthenwhenmyheadwaswellintheroomIundidthelanterncautiously—oh,socautiously—cautiously(forthehingescreaked)—Iundiditjustsomuchthatasinglethinrayfelluponthevultureeye.AndthisIdidforsevenlongnights—everynightjustatmidnight—butIfoundtheeyealwaysclosed,andsoitwasimpossibletodothework,foritwasnottheoldmanwhovexedmebuthisEvilEye.Andeverymorning,whenthedaybroke,Iwentboldlyintothechamberandspokecourageouslytohim,callinghimbynameinaheartytone,andinquiringhowhehadpassedthenight.Soyouseehewouldhavebeenaveryprofoundoldman,indeed,tosuspectthateverynight,justattwelve,Ilookedinuponhimwhileheslept.UpontheeighthnightIwasmorethanusuallycautiousinopeningthedoor.Awatch’sminutehandmovesmorequicklythandidmine.NeverbeforethatnighthadIfelttheextentofmyownpowers—ofmysagacity.Icouldscarcelycontainmyfeelingsoftriumph.TothinkthatthereIwasopeningthedoorlittlebylittle,andhenoteventodreamofmysecretdeedsorthoughts.Ifairlychuckledattheidea,andperhapsheheardme,forhemovedonthebedsuddenlyasifstartled.NowyoumaythinkthatIdrewback—butno.Hisroomwasasblackaspitchwiththethickdarkness(fortheshutterswereclosefastenedthroughfearofrobbers),andsoIknewthathecouldnotseetheopeningofthedoor,andIkeptpushingitonsteadily,steadily.Ihadmyheadin,andwasabouttoopenthelantern,whenmythumbslippeduponthetinfastening,andtheoldmansprangupinthebed,cryingout—“Who’sthere?”.【朱振武譯】《泄密的心》真的——緊張——非常緊張，極度緊張，以前，現(xiàn)在，都是這樣?？赡銥槭裁从舱f(shuō)我瘋了呢？這毛病反倒把我的感覺(jué)弄得更靈敏了——沒(méi)失靈——也沒(méi)麻木。特別是聽(tīng)覺(jué)，最好不過(guò)了。天上人間的一切聲息盡在我的耳鼓里，我還聽(tīng)見(jiàn)地獄中的許多事物。那么，我瘋了嗎？聽(tīng)著！你看我氣色多好——多么鎮(zhèn)定自若地把這一切給你和盤(pán)托出。這點(diǎn)子最初怎么進(jìn)入我的腦海的，是說(shuō)不上來(lái)了，但這點(diǎn)子一出現(xiàn)，就日夜縈繞著我，沒(méi)啥目的，沒(méi)啥覬覦。我喜歡那個(gè)老頭，他從沒(méi)傷害過(guò)我，從沒(méi)侮辱過(guò)我。對(duì)他的金子，我更無(wú)非分之想。我想是由于他的那只眼睛吧！眼睛，就是這東西！他的一只眼睛酷似鷹眼——一只淡藍(lán)色的眼睛，覆以一層薄翳。只要這只眼睛看到我，我就不寒而栗。于是，漸漸地——一來(lái)二去——我便拿定主意要他的命，這樣就可以使自己永遠(yuǎn)擺脫那只眼睛。你看，這就是問(wèn)題的關(guān)鍵。你以為我瘋了，可瘋子是啥都不懂的。可惜你沒(méi)看見(jiàn)我，可惜你沒(méi)看到我干得多漂亮——那么審慎，那么周詳，偽裝得多么巧妙。殺死老頭之前的那一周里，我對(duì)他是體貼備至。每天夜里，大約午夜時(shí)分，我轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)門(mén)閂，把門(mén)撥開(kāi)——噢，極輕微地！然后，我把門(mén)推開(kāi)，推到我的頭那么寬，再放進(jìn)去一盞黑乎乎的提燈，燈遮的嚴(yán)實(shí)合縫，光一點(diǎn)都透不出來(lái)——然后我再探進(jìn)頭去。噢，要是看到我有多么巧妙地探進(jìn)頭去，你定會(huì)發(fā)笑的！我慢慢地探進(jìn)頭去，慢慢地，非常慢地，唯恐?jǐn)嚵死项^的美夢(mèng)。用了一個(gè)鐘頭的時(shí)間，我才把頭探進(jìn)門(mén)縫，剛好能看見(jiàn)他平躺在床上。哈！——瘋子有這腦瓜嗎？接著，等我的頭全進(jìn)了門(mén)，我就小心翼翼地打開(kāi)提燈，——哦，十分地小心翼翼——小心翼翼（因?yàn)檎酆现帟?huì)發(fā)出聲響）——我把提燈掀開(kāi)一條縫隙，一道細(xì)細(xì)的燈光落在了那只鷹眼上。我就這樣一連搞了七個(gè)長(zhǎng)夜——每天夜里，就在午夜時(shí)分——但我發(fā)現(xiàn)那只眼睛總是閉著，因此也就沒(méi)法做那活兒，因?yàn)檫@樣他就不是折磨我的那個(gè)老頭了，折磨我的是那只可惡的眼睛。每天清晨，天剛破曉，我就大搖大擺地走進(jìn)他的房間，仗著膽跟他說(shuō)話，親熱地叫他的名字，問(wèn)他這一宿是怎么過(guò)的。所以你看，這老頭并非老謀深算之輩，他萬(wàn)沒(méi)想到我會(huì)每天夜里，就在十二點(diǎn)，趁他熟睡的時(shí)候去窺視他。第八天夜里，我更加小心翼翼地打開(kāi)了門(mén)。鐘表上的分針都比我的手移動(dòng)快。這天晚上我才生平第一次感到自己本事如此了得——有如此腦瓜。就要得手了，我?guī)缀醪荒茏砸?。想想看，我?lái)到門(mén)前，打開(kāi)門(mén)，一點(diǎn)一點(diǎn)地，而他連做夢(mèng)也想不到我有如此秘密之舉或非常之想。想到這里，我竟暗自發(fā)起笑來(lái)。可能是給他聽(tīng)到了，因?yàn)樗诖采贤蝗环藗€(gè)身，像是吃了一驚。你或許以為我會(huì)就此打住吧——可是我偏沒(méi)。他的房間里漆黑一片，伸手難見(jiàn)五指，（因?yàn)榘偃~窗關(guān)得嚴(yán)嚴(yán)的，以防強(qiáng)盜），所以我清楚他看不見(jiàn)門(mén)開(kāi)了個(gè)縫，我就這樣一點(diǎn)一點(diǎn)地往前推著門(mén)。我探進(jìn)頭，正要打開(kāi)提燈，拇指剛滑到那個(gè)錫勾，那老頭從床上一下子坐起身來(lái)，大聲喊道——“哪一個(gè)？”P(pán)artIIIPutthefollowingpassageintoEnglish(60points)統(tǒng)籌戰(zhàn)時(shí)醫(yī)學(xué)教育問(wèn)題抗日是一場(chǎng)全民族的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。戰(zhàn)事一開(kāi)，就是人無(wú)分男女老幼地?zé)o分東南西北，全國(guó)上下，都有守土抗戰(zhàn)之責(zé)?？箲?zhàn)工作千頭萬(wàn)緒，醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生在其中占據(jù)重要的地位。無(wú)論前方浴血奮戰(zhàn)的將士，還是后方流離失所的難民與民眾，均需有衛(wèi)生、醫(yī)療、救護(hù)、防疫等設(shè)施。原先就極為匱乏的醫(yī)護(hù)人員，更顯得寶貴異常，求遠(yuǎn)過(guò)于供。戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)迫切需要各醫(yī)學(xué)教育機(jī)關(guān)，在最短的時(shí)間內(nèi)造就最大數(shù)量的醫(yī)事人員。抗戰(zhàn)初期，醫(yī)學(xué)院校一度出現(xiàn)了混亂傾向。有的醫(yī)學(xué)院對(duì)于抗戰(zhàn)工作非常熱情，將所有的教授和學(xué)生，全部參加前后方的醫(yī)療救護(hù)工作，醫(yī)學(xué)院事實(shí)上已處于停頓狀態(tài)。有的醫(yī)學(xué)院，為保存實(shí)力，攜帶設(shè)備，率領(lǐng)師生，由甲移乙，復(fù)有乙移丙，流徙師生的生活幾同難民，艱苦自不待言。而有的醫(yī)學(xué)院則閉關(guān)自守，照常工作，幾不知此時(shí)為抗戰(zhàn)時(shí)期，而不注意對(duì)于國(guó)家和名族應(yīng)負(fù)之責(zé)任。政府對(duì)上述偏向，理應(yīng)加以及時(shí)指導(dǎo)。整個(gè)醫(yī)學(xué)教育，必須針對(duì)戰(zhàn)時(shí)，重新調(diào)整。1938年12月，顏福慶在《中華醫(yī)學(xué)雜志》上發(fā)表了《戰(zhàn)時(shí)醫(yī)學(xué)教育問(wèn)題》一文，對(duì)戰(zhàn)時(shí)醫(yī)學(xué)教育作了綱領(lǐng)性的闡述。顏福慶指出：“戰(zhàn)時(shí)醫(yī)學(xué)院校須同時(shí)兼顧平時(shí)和戰(zhàn)時(shí)兩種工作，不可偏廢。一方面對(duì)于前后方所需的醫(yī)事人員，須從事造就，二不得避免責(zé)任。另一方面須多方設(shè)法保留原有之教授、學(xué)生及設(shè)備，以其于戰(zhàn)事終止后，藉以恢復(fù)固有之基礎(chǔ)。上述兩種工作，相關(guān)至切，宜有詳細(xì)之考慮，嚴(yán)密之注意。如顧此失彼，即不能貫徹應(yīng)有之使命。政府在非常時(shí)期統(tǒng)籌醫(yī)學(xué)教育的唯一目的，是以最少數(shù)之經(jīng)費(fèi)、人才、設(shè)備，達(dá)到戰(zhàn)時(shí)最高之教學(xué)效率。”【參考譯文】Anti-Japanesewasanationalwar,whichmeantthatoncethewarstarted,whoeveryouareandwhereveryouwerefrom,alloverthecountry,everyonehasaresponsibilityofdefendingourterritoryandfightingagainstinvaders.Anti-Japanesehasthousandsoftaskstoattendto,amongwhichhealthcareplaysaprominentpart.Bothofficersandsoldierswhofoughtabloodybattleinthefrontandhomelessrefugeesandpeopleintherearareinneedofmedicalfacilities,involvingsanitation,medicaltreatment,medicalaidandepidemicprevention.Atthattime,medicalstaffwhoareextremelyinsufficientbecomemorevaluablethanbefore,demandfarbeyondsupply.Duringthewar,thereisanurgentneedforeachmedicaleducationinstitutiontobringupthemaximumnumberofmedicalpersonnelintheminimumamountoftime.Duringtheearlyperiodoftheanti-Japanesewar,therewaseveradisorderedtrendtowardmedicalschools.Somemedicalschoolsshowedgreatenthusiasmtowardresistancebyguidingalltheprofessorsandstudentstotakepartinmedicalaidinthefrontandtherear,whileactuallymedicalschoolshadbeenatastandstill.Inordertoconservestrength,someothermedicalschoolsledteachersandstudentstomovefromoneplacetoanotherwiththeirequipment.Anddisplacedteachersandstudentslivedahardlife,justliketherefugees.However,somemedicalschoolsclosedthedoorstotheoutsideworldandworkedasusual,notrealizingtheperiodofanti-Japanesewarandnottakingtheirresponsibilitiesforthenation.Withregardtoabove-mentionedtendency,thegovernmentissupposedtogiveguidancetimely.Thewholemedicaleducationmustbereadjustedtomeettheneedsofthewar.InDecember1938,YanFuqinpublished“thewartimemedicaleducationalproblem”in“Chinesemedicinejournal”.Hesummarizedsomeproblemsinwartimemedicaleducation.YanFu-qingpointedoutthatduringthewartime,medicalcollegesanduniversitiesshoulddowellinbothpeacetimeworkandwartimework,neithercanbeignored."Ontheonehand,medicalschoolsshouldretainmedicaltalentsfortheneedofthefrontandtherear,ratherthanavoidresponsibilities.Ontheotherhand,medicalschoolsmusttryeverypossiblemethodtoretainthetalents,studentsandequipment,inordertorestoretheoriginalbasisaftertheendofthewar.Withgreatimportance,thesetwokindsofworkshouldbegivendetailedconsiderationandgreatattention.Ifweattendtoonesectorandloseanother,thewholemissioncannotbecarriedout.Thesoleaimofintegratingthemedicaleducationduringthewartimeforthegovernmentistoachievethemostefficientteachingwiththeleastexpense,manpowerandequipment.二、對(duì)下列“假朋友”進(jìn)行改譯。1.oilskin油性皮膚【改譯】油布2.goodseats好的座位【改譯】好票3.maddoctor發(fā)瘋的醫(yī)生【改譯】精神病醫(yī)生4.bull’seye牛的眼睛【改譯】靶心5.red-cap紅帽子【改譯】搬運(yùn)服務(wù)人員6.redmeat紅色的肉【改譯】牛羊肉7.whiteday白色的天【改譯】吉日8.bluecoat藍(lán)色上衣【改譯】警察9.fish-wife雌性魚(yú)【改譯】賣(mài)魚(yú)婦，說(shuō)話粗野的女人10.dogear狗耳朵【改譯】書(shū)的折角11.familiartalk熟悉的談話【改譯】庸俗的交談12.pullupone’ssocks拉上襪子【改譯】鼓起勇氣13.husbandlike像丈夫的【改譯】善于管理農(nóng)活的14.cock-and-bullstory雞和牛的故事【改譯】無(wú)稽之談15.bitethethumbsat咬大拇指【改譯】對(duì)……嗤之以鼻16.twice-toldtale講過(guò)兩次的故事【改譯】老掉牙的故事17.divorcelawyer離婚的律師【改譯】辦理離婚案件的律師【解析】同理，criminallawyer是指刑事律師，而非犯罪的律師。18.busboy公汽售票員【改譯】餐館勤雜工19.heartman有心人【改譯】換心人20.eleventhhour11點(diǎn)【改譯】最后時(shí)刻21.blinddate盲目約會(huì)【改譯】（由第三者安排的）男女初次會(huì)面22.deadpresident逝世的總統(tǒng)【改譯】美鈔（上印有總統(tǒng)頭像）23.personalremark個(gè)人評(píng)論【改譯】人身攻擊24.sweetwater糖水，甜水【改譯】淡水25.confidenceman信得過(guò)的人【改譯】騙子26.servicestation服務(wù)站【改譯】加油站27.restroom休息室【改譯】廁所28.dressingroom試衣室，更衣室【改譯】化妝室29.horsesense馬的感覺(jué)【改譯】常識(shí)30.capitalidea資本主義思想【改譯】好主意31.blackart黑色藝術(shù)【改譯】妖術(shù)32.blackstranger陌生的黑人【改譯】完全陌生的人33.whitecoal白煤【改譯】（作動(dòng)力來(lái)源用的）水34.whiteman皮膚白的人【改譯】忠實(shí)可靠的人35.bluestocking藍(lán)色長(zhǎng)統(tǒng)襪【改譯】女學(xué)者、女才子36.Chinapolicy中國(guó)政策【改譯】對(duì)華政策37.Chinesedragon中國(guó)龍【改譯】麒麟38.Americanbeauty美國(guó)美女【改譯】紅薔薇39.Englishdisease英國(guó)病【改譯】軟骨病40.Indiansummer印度的夏日【改譯】愉快寧?kù)o的晚年41.Greekgift希臘禮物【改譯】害人的禮品42.begreen-eyed綠眼睛【改譯】嫉妒的【解析】源自莎士比亞名劇《奧賽羅》第3幕第3場(chǎng)中的臺(tái)詞“Oh!Beware,mylord,ofjealousy;It’sthegreen-eyedmonster...”43.Spanishathlete西班牙運(yùn)動(dòng)員【改譯】吹牛的人44.Frenchchalk法國(guó)粉筆【改譯】滑石粉45.宰客slaughtercustomers【改譯】swindlemoneyfromcustomers46.自學(xué)self-learn【改譯】self-taught47.寒衣coldclothes【改譯】warmclothes48.（電腦）死機(jī)systemdead【改譯】systemhalted49.彩票colorfultickets【改譯】lottery50.風(fēng)涼話coldword【改譯】irresponsibleandsarcasticremarks51.扣帽子putahaton【改譯】putalabelon52.大齡青年oldyouth【改譯】singleyouthabovethenormalmatrimonialage53.贏得市場(chǎng)gainmarket【改譯】gainalargershareofthemarket54.定向培訓(xùn)trainingforcertaindirection【改譯】trainingforspecificposts55.抓緊時(shí)間grasptimefirmly【改譯】makethebestuseoftime56.提高英語(yǔ)水平raisethelevelofone’sEnglish【改譯】improveone’sEnglish57.密碼secretcode【改譯】password58.口水mouthwa