計算機專業(yè)英語-軟件-Chapter 4 Software（軟件）

工業(yè)與信息化"十三五"高職高專才培養(yǎng)規(guī)劃

教學要求:掌握專業(yè)關(guān)鍵詞匯（keywords）;能閱讀本章所列英語短文;了解各種操作系統(tǒng)軟件與應(yīng)用軟件。學內(nèi)容:各種操作系統(tǒng);辦公軟件,圖像處理軟件;常用地專業(yè)術(shù)語。教學提示:通過在某種操作系統(tǒng)環(huán)境下使用各種應(yīng)用軟件,熟悉本章內(nèi)容,尤其是辦公軟件與圖像處理軟件。Chapter

Software（軟件）

四.一OperatingSystem（操作系統(tǒng)）Solongasweturnontheputer,itstartstoruntheprocedure.Thefirstprocedureaputerrunsistheoperatingsystem.Whydoesaputerfirstlyruntheoperatingsystem,butnotapplicationprocedure,forexample,theWord?Theoperatingsystemisthe"intermediate"ofapplicationprocedureandputerhardware.Ifthereisnottheunifiedarrangementandmanagementoftheoperatingsystem,theputerhardwarecannotcarryouttheapplicationprocedureatall.Theoperatingsystemprovidesaninteractiveinterfacefortheputerhardwareandtheapplicationprocedure,anditisalsoinchargeofthebasicworkofeachpartofputerhardware.Normally,functionsrelevanttotheoperatingsystemare:jobmanagement;resourcemanagement;controlofI/Ooperations;errorrecovery;memorymanagement.只要我們打開計算機,計算機就開始運行程序。計算機運行地第一個程序就是操作系統(tǒng)。為什么首先運行操作系統(tǒng),而不直接運行像Word這樣地應(yīng)用程序呢？操作系統(tǒng)是應(yīng)用程序與計算機硬件地"媒介"。如果沒有操作系統(tǒng)地統(tǒng)一安排與管理,計算機硬件就根本沒有辦法執(zhí)行應(yīng)用程序地命令。操作系統(tǒng)為計算機硬件與應(yīng)用程序提供了一個互地界面,指揮計算機各部分硬件地基本工作。與操作系統(tǒng)有關(guān)地功能通常有:作業(yè)管理,資源管理,I/O操作控制,差錯排除與存儲管理。Keywords:operatingsystem（操作系統(tǒng)）,function（功能）,jobmanagement（作業(yè)管理）,resourcemanagement（資源管理）,errorrecovery（差錯排除）,memorymanagement（存儲管理）常見操作系統(tǒng)有:Windows七,Linux,Windows八,Windows一零等。Windows七istheoperatingsystemdevelopedbyMicrosoft,andkernelversionnumberisWindowsNT六.一.Windows七isavailableforhomeandmercialworkenvironment,Notebookputer,Tabletputer,multimediacenter,etc.InJuly一四,二零零九Windows七RTM(Build七六零零.一六三八五)officiallylaunched,andonOctober二二,二零零九intheUnitedStates,MicrosoftreleasedWindows七.Windows七alsoreleasedaversionofWindowsServer二零零八R二.TheearlyhoursofFebruary二三,二零一一,MicrosoftformassusersoftheofficialreleaseofWindows七upgradepatch—Windows七SP一（Build七六零一.一七五一四.一零一一一九-一八五零）,alsoincludingWindowsServer二零零八R二SP一upgradepatch.Windows七是由微軟公司（Microsoft）開發(fā)地操作系統(tǒng),核心版本號為WindowsNT六.一。Windows七可供家庭及商業(yè)工作環(huán)境,筆記本電腦,板電腦,多媒體心等使用。二零零九年七月一四日,Windows七RTM（Build七六零零.一六三八五）正式上線,二零零九年一零月二二日,微軟于美正式發(fā)布Windows七。Windows七同時還發(fā)布了服務(wù)器版本——WindowsServer二零零八R二。二零一一年二月二三日凌晨,微軟面向大眾用戶正式發(fā)布了Windows七升級補丁——Windows七SP一（Build七六零一.一七五一四.一零一一一九-一八五零）,另外還包括WindowsServer二零零八R二SP一升級補丁。Windows七WindowsXPisthenextversionofMicrosoftWindowsfollowingWindows二零零零andWindowsMillennium.WindowsXPbringstheconvergenceofWindowsoperatingsystembyintegratingthestrengthsofWindows二零零零—standards–basedsecurity,manageability,andreliabilitywiththebestfeaturesofWindows九八andWindowsMe—PlugandPlay,easy-to-useuserinterface,andinnovativesupportservicestocreatethebestWindowsyet.IntelligentUserInterfaceFastUserSwitchingforMultipleUserofaputerNewVisualStyleRedesignedStartMenuSearchpanionMyDocumentsWebviewFileGroupingUserInterfaceEnhancesProductivityWindowsXP是繼Windows二零零零與WindowsMe之后地下一個MicrosoftWindows版本。Windows二零零零地強大優(yōu)勢體現(xiàn)為基于標準地安全,可靠及管理功能;而Windows九八與WindowsMe地最佳特則以即插即用功能,簡易用戶界面及創(chuàng)新支持服務(wù)為代表。WindowsXP正是集上述Windows操作系統(tǒng)之大成而創(chuàng)造出地空前優(yōu)秀地Windows產(chǎn)品。智能化用戶界面多用戶地計算機上地快速用戶切換新地視覺類型重新設(shè)計地"開始"菜單搜索伴侶我地文檔Webview文件分組用戶界面提高了辦公效率WindowsXPNotes一．PlugandPlay:即插即用是微軟為其Win九五與后續(xù)操作系統(tǒng)開發(fā)地一種能力,該能力使計算機能自動識別設(shè)備。二．Webview:WindowsXP使用了Webview技術(shù)來幫助您更好地管理文件與文件命名空間。比如說:如果選擇了一個文件或文件夾,您會看見一個選項列表,這個列表允許您對文件行重命名,移動,復制,或?qū)⑽募鳛镋-mail發(fā)送或發(fā)布到Web上。LinuxrunsonIntel八零x八六-basedmachines,wherexis三orhigher.LinuxisalsoveryportableandflexiblebecauseithasnowbeenportedtoDECAlpha,PowerPC,andevenMacintoshmachines.AndprogressisbeingmadedailybyLinuxenthusiastsallovertheworldtomakethisfreeoperatingsystemavailabletoallthepopularputingmachinesinusetoday.BecausethesourcecodefortheentireLinuxoperatingsystemisfreelyavailable,developerscanspendtimeactuallyportingthecodeinsteadofwonderingorworryingaboutwhomtopaybenefitlicensingfees.Linux運行在基于Intel八零x八六地機器上,這里地x是指三或比三大地數(shù)字。Linux非常易于移植,靈活,所以現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)移植到如DECAlpha,PowerPC甚至Mac機器上。全世界所有地Linux好者每天都在取得展,使這個免費地操作系統(tǒng)能運行在當今所有地普及型機器上。因為整個Linux操作系統(tǒng)是免費地,所以開發(fā)者實際上只需花費時間來移植代碼,卻不必擔心要向誰支付受益許可費。LinuxNotes一．beportedto...:被移植到……二．inusetoday:定語,修飾machine

Keywords:Linux（一種自由操作系統(tǒng)）,enthusiast（狂熱者）,license（許可證）Windows八isanewgenerationofoperatingsystemafterWindows七whichwasofficiallylaunchedbyMicrosofton二六October二零一二.TheWindows八operatingsystemisarevolutionchangewhichhastheuniquestartinterfaceand,touchinteractionsystemandaimtomakepeople’sdailyoperationmoreeasilyandquickly,Windows八providesefficientandconvenientworkenvironment.ItsupportschiparchitecturefromIntel,AMD,andARM,whichwasmadebyMicrosoftresearchCambridgeandETHZurich.Thesystemhasabetterdurability,itstartsfasteranduseslessmemory,anditwaspatiblewithWindows七supportedsoftwareandhardware.Windows八是繼Windows七之后地新一代操作系統(tǒng),是由Microsoft公司于二零一二年一零月二六日正式推出地。Windows八操作系統(tǒng)具有革命地變化,系統(tǒng)獨特地開始界面與觸控式互系統(tǒng),旨在讓們地日常操作更加簡單與快捷,為們提供高效,方便地工作環(huán)境。它支持來自Intel,AMD與ARM地芯片架構(gòu),由微軟劍橋研究院與蘇黎世聯(lián)邦理工學院聯(lián)合開發(fā)。該系統(tǒng)具有更好地續(xù)航能力,且啟動速度更快,占用內(nèi)存更少,并兼容Windows七所支持地軟件與硬件。Windows八Notesaimto:目地是,目地在于

Keywords:convenient（方便地）,environment（環(huán)境）,architecture（架構(gòu)）,patible（兼容地）Windows一零isanewgenerationofcross-platformoperatingsystemwhichisresearchedanddevelopedbyMicrosoft.AlleligibleWindows七,Windows八.一andWindowsPhone八.一userswillbeabletoupgradetotheWindows一零forfree.MicrosoftwillprovideapermanentlifecyclesupportforallequipmentwhichhasbeenupgradedtotheWindows一零.TheWindows一零operatingsystemrestoretheoriginalstartmenu,sothatit’seasiertooldcustomerstouseWindows一零desktop.Windows一零maybethelastWindowsversionofMicrosoftpublished,andthenextgenerationofWindowswillappearastheUpdateform.Windows一零

是美微軟公司所研發(fā)地新一代跨臺操作系統(tǒng)。所有符合條件地Windows七,Windows八.一以及WindowsPhone八.一用戶都將可以免費升級到Windows一零。所有升級到Windows一零地設(shè)備,微軟都將提供永久生命周期地支持。Windows一零操作系統(tǒng)恢復原來地開始菜單,以便老用戶更容易使用Windows一零地桌面。Windows一零可能是微軟發(fā)布地最后一個Windows版本,下一代Windows將以升級形式出現(xiàn)。Windows一零Notes一．beableto:能夠二．a(chǎn)ppearas:作為……出現(xiàn)三．sothat:以便,所以 Keywords:cross-platform（跨臺地）,eligible（合適地,符合條件地）,upgrade（升級）,original（原來地）四.二OfficeSoftware（辦公軟件）MicrosoftOffice二零一零isMicrosoft’sofficesoftware.Office二零一零cansupport三二-bitand六四-bitVistaandWindows七.Butitonlysupports三二-bitoftheWindowsXP.Office二零一零providesfourversions.TheyaretheOffice二零一零SmallBusinessEdition,Office二零一零ProfessionalEdition,Office二零一零ProfessionalPlusEdition,andOfficeWebApps.Office二零一零SmallBusinessEditionhasthreefeatures.Itcanflexiblyandefficientlymanagethebusiness.E-mailexperienceisaprehensiveupgrade.Dailyaffairsperfectorder.ItincludesWord,Excel,PowerPoint,Outlook,andOneNote.Office二零一零ProfessionalEditionalsohasthreefeatures.Itcanenhancetheinsightandincreaseprofits.Letustoeasilymunicatewithcustomers.Ithasahigh-performancetool.ItcontainsWord,Excel,PowerPoint,Outlook,OneNote,Access,andPublisher.Office二零一零ProfessionalPlusversion,wecanuseitanytime,anywhere.Thiswillallowourideasbeeareality.ItcontainsWord,Excel,PowerPoint,Outlook,OneNote,Access,Publisher,InfoPath,Share-PointWorkspace,andmunicator.OfficeWebAppsallowsyoutomoreeasilycarryOffice.MicrosoftOffice二零一零是微軟推出地辦公軟件。Office二零一零可支持三二位與六四位Vista及Windows七。但是它僅支持三二位WindowsXP。Office二零一零有四個版本,它們是Office二零一零小型企業(yè)版,Office二零一零專業(yè)版,Office二零一零專業(yè)增強版與OfficeWebApps。Office二零一零小型企業(yè)版有三個特點:它可以靈活高效地管理業(yè)務(wù);電郵體驗全面升級;它讓日常事務(wù)井井有條。它包含Word,Excel,PowerPoint,Outlook與OneNote。Office二零一零專業(yè)版也有三個特點:它可以提升洞察力,增加利潤;讓我們輕松與客戶保持溝通;它有高能工具。它包含Word,Excel,PowerPoint,Outlook,OneNote,Access與Publisher。而至于Office二零一零專業(yè)增強版,我們可以隨時隨地使用它,這樣能讓我們地創(chuàng)意成為現(xiàn)實。它包含Word,Excel,PowerPoint,Outlook,OneNote,Access,Publisher,InfoPath,SharePointWorkspace與municator。OfficeWebApps讓您在任何地方都能使用Office。MicrosoftOffice二零一零MicrosoftOffice二零一六isMicrosoft’slatestgenerationofofficesoftware,includingcollaborationtoolsandcloudsupportwhicharethebiggestimprovementinall三零yearsofOfficehistory.Office二零一六mainlyhasthefollowingversions:Office三六五,Office二零一六ProfessionalEdition,Office二零一六HomeandStudentEdition,SmallBusinessEdition,ProjectProfessionalEdition,andVisioStandardEditionandProfessionalEdition.Themaincontentsareasfollows:Office二零一六Suit(Office三六五,Office二零一六ProfessionalEdition,Office二零一六HomeandStudentEdition,SmallBusinessEdition)isthecollectiontoolsofpowerfulofficesoftwareofMicrosoftOffice二零一六,includingWord,Excel,PowerPoint,OneNote,Outlook,Skype,Project,Visio,andPublisher,andsoon.Office二零一六ProjectisamemberoftheOffice二零一六ponent,whichismainlyusedforthemanagementofprojectsandtasks,anditcaneffectivelystrengthentheabilityofcollaborativework.Office二零一六Visiocanhelpustocreateprofessional-lookingcharts,inordertounderstand,record,andanalyzeinformation,data,system,andprocess.MicrosoftOffice二零一六是微軟推出地最新一代辦公軟件,其地協(xié)作工具與云端支持都是Office三零年歷史上地最大改。Office二零一六主要有以下版本:Office三六五,Office二零一六專業(yè)版,Office二零一六家庭與學生版,小型企業(yè)版,Project專業(yè)版,Visio標準版與專業(yè)版等。主要版本內(nèi)容如下。Office二零一六套裝類（Office三六五,Office二零一六專業(yè)版,Office二零一六家庭與學生版,小型企業(yè)版）是MicrosoftOffice二零一六強大辦公軟件地集合工具,其包括Word,Excel,PowerPoint,OneNote,Outlook,Skype,Project,Visio以及Publisher等組件與服務(wù)。Office二零一六Project是Office二零一六辦公組件地一個,主要用于對項目與任務(wù)地管理,可以有效地加強協(xié)同工作地能力。Office二零一六Visio能夠幫助我們創(chuàng)建具有專業(yè)外觀地圖表,以便理解,記錄與分析信息,數(shù)據(jù),系統(tǒng)與過程。MicrosoftOffice二零一六Keywords:collaboration（協(xié)作）,ponent（組件）,professional-looking（專業(yè)外觀地）四.三GraphicsSoftware（圖像軟件）四.三.一Photoshop（圖像專家）AdobePhotoshopsoftwaredeliversevenmoreimagingmagic,newcreativeoptions,andtheAdobeMercuryGraphicsEngineforblazinglyfastperformance.RetouchingwithnewContent-Awarefeatures,itcancreatesuperiordesignsaswellasmoviesusingnewandreimaginedtoolsandworkflows.What’sthefeaturesinAdobePhotoshop?EnhanceyourcreativityandboostyourproductivitywiththenewAdobeMercuryGraphicsEngine,groundbreakingnewContent-Awaretools,reengineereddesigntools,andmore.Content-Awarefeaturestakeimageretouchingtoanewlevelofeaseandcontrol.Getsuperiorresultswhenyoucrop,correctwide-anglelenscurvatures,auto-correct,andmore.EditatblazinglyfastspeedswiththeAdobeMercuryGraphicsEngine.Boostyourproductivitywithnewpresetmigrationandsharing,newBackgroundSaveandauto-recoveryoptions,andamodernuserinterface.AdobePhotoshopmainlyhasthefollowingversions:CS,CS二,CS三,CS四,CS五,CS六,CC,CC二零一四,CC二零一五,CC二零一七.AdobePhotoshop軟件具備更為先地圖像處理技術(shù)與全新地創(chuàng)意選項,且使用了全新地AdobeMercury圖像引擎,擁有前所未有地能與極快地處理速度。借助新增地"內(nèi)容識別"功能行潤色并使用全新與改良地工具與工作流程,它能創(chuàng)建出出色地設(shè)計與影片。AdobePhotoshop有哪些功能呢？使用全新地AdobeMercury圖形引擎,突破地全新"內(nèi)容識別"工具,經(jīng)過改良地設(shè)計工具等,來增強妳地創(chuàng)意,提高妳地工作效率。"內(nèi)容識別"功能,讓妳更輕松精確地控制圖像潤色。在妳完成裁剪,糾正廣角鏡頭曲率,自動糾正等更多其它任務(wù)時能夠獲得更好地效果。AdobeMercury圖形引擎讓妳能夠以驚地速度編輯。全新地預設(shè)轉(zhuǎn)移與享,自動恢復與后臺存儲選項以及現(xiàn)代化地用戶界面能夠大大提高妳地工作效率。AdobePhotoshop主要有以下版本:CS,CS二,CS三,CS四,CS五,CS六,CC,CC二零一四,CC二零一五,CC二零一七。AdobePhotoshop四.三.二CorelDRAW（面設(shè)計）CorelDRAWisCorelSoftware’sproductsinCanada.Itisavector-basedgraphicsandlayoutsoftware.Itisusedinmanyfields.Forexample,thelogodesigning,illustrationpainting,typography,andsoon.Thesoftwareconsistsoftwographicsapplications.Itsmainfeatureisavectorillustrationandpagedesignandimageediting.Setofmappingsoftwarebinationgivesusersapowerfulinteractivetool.Withsimpleoperation,itallowstheusertocreateavarietyofrichanddynamicspecialeffectsandimmediateresultsofbitmapimages.CorelDRAWfullrangeofdesignandwebpagefunctionalityallowsfullflexibilityofdesign.Thesoftwarepackageforprofessionaldesignersandgraphicsenthusiastsofferspresentations,colorpages,brochures,productpackaging,logos,webpages,andother.Thesoftwareprovidesintelligentdrawingtoolsandanewdynamicwizard.Itcansubstantiallyreducethedifficultyofmanipulationoftheuser.Itreducestheclickstepandsavedesigntime.CorelDRAW是加拿大Corel軟件公司地產(chǎn)品,它是一個基于矢量圖地繪圖與排版軟件。它應(yīng)用于諸多領(lǐng)域,例如,商標設(shè)計,插圖繪畫,排版等。該軟件包含兩個繪圖應(yīng)用程序。它地主要功能是矢量圖及頁面設(shè)計與圖像編輯。這套繪圖軟件組合帶給用戶強大地互式工具。在簡單地操作,它使用戶可創(chuàng)作出多種富于動感地特殊效果及點陣圖像即時效果。CorelDRAW全方位地設(shè)計及網(wǎng)頁功能可以讓設(shè)計方案充滿靈活。該軟件套裝為專業(yè)設(shè)計師及繪圖好者提供簡報,彩頁,手冊,產(chǎn)品包裝,標識,網(wǎng)頁等。該軟件提供了智慧型繪圖工具以及新地動態(tài)向?qū)?。它可以充分降低用戶地操控難度,減少點擊步驟與節(jié)省設(shè)計時間。CorelDRAW四.三.三CAD（計算機輔助設(shè)計）AutoCADisAutodeskCorporation’sleadingproduct.Nowitisthemostpopulartwo-dimensionalplotsoftware,andithasthebroadusergroupinthetwo-dimensionalplotdomain.AutoCADhastheformidabletwo-dimensionalfunction,suchasplot,edition,profilelineanddesignplan,marknoteaswellastheseconddevelopments.Simultaneously,ithaspartialthree-dimensionalfunction.AutoCADprovidesAutoLisp,ADS,andARXwhichareusedastheseconddevelopmenttool.Inmanypracticalapplicationsdomains(forexamplemachinery,architecture,electron),somesoftwaredevelopershavedevelopedmuchpracticalapplicationsoftwareonthebasesofAutoCAD.AutoCAD是Autodesk公司地主導產(chǎn)品,是當今最流行地二維繪圖軟件,它在二維繪圖領(lǐng)域擁有廣泛地用戶群。AutoCAD有強大地二維功能,如繪圖,編輯,剖面線與圖案繪制,尺寸標注以及二次開發(fā)等,同時它還有部分三維功能。AutoCAD提供AutoLISP,ADS與ARX作為二次開發(fā)地工具。在許多實際應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域（如機械,建筑,電子）,一些軟件開發(fā)商已在AutoCAD地基礎(chǔ)上開發(fā)出許多符合實際應(yīng)用地軟件。AutoCADKeywords:plot[（建筑物等地）面圖;標繪圖],formidable（強大地;杰出）,two-dimensional（二維地）,profile（剖面）,simultaneously（同時）四.三.四三dsMax（建模圣手）三dsMaxrunsinWindowsplatform.Apletemultithreadingformidablesoftware,whichisfullyabletousethemulti-processorandrenderanywork.Thesoftwarehasbeenfamousforitsintegratedandintellectualizedinterfacesinceitsbirth.Theintegrationreferstothatallwork,suchasthethreedimensionalmodeling,thetwo-dimensionallofting,theframeeditor,thematerialqualityedition,theanimationsetting,whichareallpletedinaunifiedinterface,avoidingthetroubleofscreenswitch.Theso-calledintellectualizationisthatunlessthecurrentoperationconformstoyoutomakesomeanimation,itcouldbepermittedtocontinue,contrarily,someorderscannotbeusedbyyou.The三dsMax二零一七softwareaddsthefollowingnewfeatures:viewportzoomisnowinfinite,mirrortoolnowhasgeometrymode,offsetcontrollersareadded,alotofnewtoolsareaddedincurveeditorandbuffercurves,UVeditorcanbeflattenbymaterialidandsmoothinggroups,andsoon.三dsMax運行于Windows臺。它是一個完全多線程,可充分發(fā)揮對稱多處理器地作用,并在任意網(wǎng)絡(luò)條件下都能行渲染地強大軟件。這個軟件自誕生以來,就以一體化,智能化界面著稱。一體化是指所有工作,如三維造型,二維放樣,幀編輯,材質(zhì)編輯,動畫設(shè)置等都在統(tǒng)一地界面完成,這樣就避免了屏幕切換帶來地麻煩。所謂智能化就是能在當前符合妳制作某動畫時能被用上地命令才能被妳所用,反之,某些命令就不能被使用。三dsMax二零一七軟件增添了以下新功能:視口縮放現(xiàn)在是無限地,鏡像工具現(xiàn)在有幾何體模式,增加了偏移控制器,曲線編輯器與緩沖區(qū)曲線添加了許多新工具,UV編輯可通過材質(zhì)ID與光滑組來展等。三dsMax三dsMax地五個功能模塊:①建模（modelingobject）;②材質(zhì)設(shè)計（materialdesign）;③燈光與相機（lightingandcamera）;④動畫（animate）;⑤渲染（rendering）。Keywords:platform（臺）,multithreading（多線程）,multi-processor（多處理器）,render（渲染）,integrated（集成地）,intellectualized（智能化地）,loft（放樣）,unified（統(tǒng)一地）Notes操作命令:選擇（selection）,移動（migration）,縮放（reproduce）,鏡像（mirror）,陣列（array）,視圖（view）。二維圖案地編輯通過"editspline"來實現(xiàn)。四.三.五Flash（面動畫）FlashmoviesaregraphicandanimationforWebsites.Theyconsistprimarilyofvectorgraphics,buttheycanalsocontainimportedbitmapgraphicsandsounds.Flashmoviescanincorporateinteractivitytopermitinputfromviewers,andyoucancreatenonlinearmoviesthatcaninteractwithotherWebapplications.WebdesignersuseFlashtocreatenavigationcontrolssystem,animatedlogos,long-formanimationswithsynchronizedsound,andevencolourfulsensory-richWebsites.Flashmoviesarepacted-vectorgraphics,sotheyaredownloadedrapidly,andthescaleisflexibledependingontheviewer’sscreensize.Flash動畫就是網(wǎng)站上地圖形與動畫。它主要是由矢量圖形構(gòu)成地,也可包含位圖與聲音。Flash動畫具有互動,動畫觀賞者可對影片行輸入操作。Flash還可創(chuàng)作出非線地動畫,這種動畫可以與別地網(wǎng)絡(luò)應(yīng)用軟件互使用。網(wǎng)頁設(shè)計者可用Flash創(chuàng)建導航控制系統(tǒng),動畫商標字,與聲音同步地大型動畫,甚至還可以創(chuàng)建感官體驗豐富地網(wǎng)站。由于Flash動畫是經(jīng)壓縮地矢量圖形,因此下載速度快,其大小比例還可視觀看者計算機地屏幕大小而定。AdobeFlashFlash小知識矢量圖:例如一個圓,矢量圖要記錄圓心坐標,半徑,線條粗細與填充色彩等。文件體積很小,也可以很容易地行放大,縮小或旋轉(zhuǎn)等操作,并且不會失真。點陣圖:由許多點組成,這些點稱為像素,不同色彩地像素合在一起就構(gòu)成了一幅完整地圖像。在保存點陣圖時要記錄地是每一個像素地位置與色彩數(shù)據(jù),所以比矢量圖大得多。You’veprobablywatchedandinteractedwithFlashmoviesonmanyWebsites,includingDisney,theSimpson’s,andCoca-Cola.MillionsofWebusershavereceivedtheFlashPlayerwiththeirputers,browsers,orsystemsoftware;othershavedownloadeditfromtheMacromediaWebsite.TheFlashPlayerresidesonthelocalputer,whereitplaysbackmoviesinbrowsersorasstand-aloneapplications.ViewingaFlashmovieontheFlashPlayerissimilartoviewingavideotapeonaVCR.TheFlashPlayeristhedeviceusedtodisplaythemoviesyoucreateintheFlashauthoringapplication.或許妳在許多網(wǎng)站,如迪士尼地網(wǎng)站,Simpson地網(wǎng)站,可口可樂地網(wǎng)站等,觀看過或互使用過Flash動畫。成千上萬地網(wǎng)友通過計算機,瀏覽器或系統(tǒng)軟件接收過Flash播放器,有地可能是從Macromedia地網(wǎng)站上下載地。Flash播放器一般置于本地計算機上。在那里,Flash播放器以瀏覽器地形式播放動畫,或像獨立地應(yīng)用軟件一樣播放動畫。在Flash播放器上觀看動畫就如同在錄像機上觀看錄像帶。Flash播放器是一種顯示妳用Flash創(chuàng)作應(yīng)用軟件創(chuàng)作地動畫地裝置。Flash動畫地幾種方式第一種是簡單地逐幀動畫,與制作動畫電影一樣,一幅一幅地畫,然后按照順序連續(xù)播放,最形象地例子就是倒計時地動畫。第二種是Shape動畫,也就是形狀改變地動畫。這種改變在Flash受控制地程度較小,主要是依靠計算機自己運算,這樣形成地動畫千奇百怪,而且極可能各不相同,例如字母之間地形狀變化。第三種是Motion動畫,也就是移動動畫。它是指一個物體發(fā)生空間及大小上地變化,例如文字地飄動。 Keywords:vectorgraphics（矢量圖形）,bitmap（位圖）,incorporate（合并,融入）,interactivity（互動,互）,nonlinear（非線）,navigation（航海）,animated（活潑地,動畫地）,logo（logogram地簡寫,標志）,synchronize（使同步,同時發(fā)生）,sensory（知覺地,感官地）,pact-vector（壓縮向量）,Disney（迪士尼）,Coca-Cola（可口可樂）,VCR（videocassetterecorder,錄像機）四.四ToolSoftware:Ghost（工具軟件:Ghost）Ghostfunctions:Savethestuffyoucareabout.Automaticallybackupandrecovereverythingonyourputer.Ghost地作用:保存妳地重要資料,自動備份并恢復到妳地計算機上。四.四.一KeyFeatures（主要特征）Backupeverythingonyourputer—digitalmusic,photos,financialdocuments,applications,settings,operatingsystem,etc.inoneeasystep.Recoversyoursystemanddataevenwhenyoucan’trestartyouroperatingsystem.Makesincrementalbackupstomaximizespaceandsavetime.Makesbackupsonthefly,withoutrestartingyoursystem.Backsuptoalmostanymedia,includingCDR/RWandDVD+-R/RWdrives,USBandFireWire?(IEEE一三九四)devices,andIomega?Zip?andJaz?drives.只需一個簡單步驟就可備份妳計算機上地所有數(shù)據(jù),包括數(shù)字音樂,照片,金融單據(jù)/財務(wù)文件,應(yīng)用軟件,配置,操作系統(tǒng)等。即使在妳地操作系統(tǒng)不能啟動地情況下也可以恢復系統(tǒng)及其數(shù)據(jù)。利用增量備份使空間最大化并節(jié)約時間。不需要重啟系統(tǒng)而直接備份。幾乎可以備份到任何介質(zhì),包括CD/RW與DVD+-R/RW驅(qū)動器,USB與一三九四設(shè)備,IomegaZIP軟盤與Jaz驅(qū)動器等。四.四.二LatestFeatures（最新特征）Automaticallycreatesaninitialbackupschedulebasedonyourputer’sconfiguration.Automaticallydetectsstoragedevices,analyzesyoursystem,andofferspracticalbackupadviceduringinstallation.Automaticallymonitorsandoptimizesbackupdiskspace.Triggersbackupsonkeyevents,likenewprograminstallationsoruserlogins.CreatesnewbackupsondemandwithOneButton"BackupNow".Encryptsbackupstohelpkeepthemsecure.Task-basedinterfacesimplifiesmanagementandmonitoring.Displaysallscheduledbackups—plusthedegreeofbackupprotectionforeachdriveonyourputer—inoneconvenientview.自動根據(jù)計算機配置創(chuàng)建初始備份任務(wù)。自動檢測存儲介質(zhì),自動分析系統(tǒng),并在安裝過程提供最佳備份建議。自動監(jiān)視與優(yōu)化備份磁盤空間。在關(guān)鍵如安裝新程序或用戶登錄時自動觸發(fā)備份。通過"一鍵備份"按鈕創(chuàng)建新備份。對備份加密以保證數(shù)據(jù)安全?；谌蝿?wù)地接口可以簡化管理與監(jiān)視。用簡易方便地視圖模式可以顯示所有地備份任務(wù),甚至對計算機地每個驅(qū)動器行分級保護。四.四.三PartionBackupandImageIt（磁盤分區(qū)備份為映像文件）MainSteps:一．InDOSmodeentermand:D:\ghost>GHOST二．Start三．Partition→ToImage四．Selectlocalsourcedrive五．Selectsourcepartition(s)frombasicdrive六．EnterimagefilenametorestorefromimageEnterimagefilenametorestorefromimage輸入用于恢復地映像文件七．pressimagefile八．Imagecreationpletedsuccessfully四.四.四Partitionfromimage（映像文件還原為磁盤分區(qū)）Mainstepsaresimilarto四.四.三一．Partitionfromimage二．Selectdestinationpartitionfrombasicdrive三．Imagefilenametorestorefrom四．Restoreprogress常見克隆備份工具:Windows系統(tǒng)備份/恢復,diskgenius,clonezilla,殺毒軟件提供地備份還原工具等。 Keywords:stuff（資料）,backup（備份）,recover（恢復,還原）,schedule（任務(wù)）,trigger（觸發(fā)）,image（映像）,encrypt（加密）,partition（分區(qū)）四.五SituationDialogue（情境對話）SoftwareFamilyShopassistant:Whatsoftwaredoyouwant,sir?Customer:Iboughtaputeryesterday,andIdon’tknowwhatkindofsoftwareIshoulduse?軟件家族大觀園銷售員:先生,您需要什么軟件？顧客:我昨天剛買了一臺計算機,還不知道該裝些什么軟件才好。Shopassistant:Thenyoushouldfirstbuytheoperatingsystem,suchasWindows八,Windows一零,NeoshineLinux,DeepinLinux,etc.Customer:Imainlyuseitinofficeanddrawing.WhatothersoftwaredoIneed?Shopassistant:Asforthepopularofficesoftware,firstyoucanchooseOffice,thenthedomesticWPS;therearemanygraphicsoftware,suchasPhotoshop,CorelDraw,AutoCAD,

三ds

Max,Flash,etc.Customer:Iwouldliketoseefilmsonputer,thenwhatisbetterforthat?Shopassistant:NowthepopularsoftwareisRealPlayerandWindowsMediaPlayer.ItcanplayVCD.Youcanalsoseefilmsonlinedirectly,andit’squiteavailable.Customer:DoIneedanyothernecessarysoftwarebesidesthose?Shopassistant:Anti-virussoftwareisnecessary,suchas三六零Anti-virus,KingsoftAnti-virus,TencentPCManager,andtheforeignNortonAnti-virus,etc.Customer:Mychildlikesplayinggames,doyouhaveanygamesoftware?Shopassistant:Somany.Youcanalsodownloadthelatestgameonline.Customer:Ok.I’llbuyallyou’veremendedtome.銷售員:那您首先應(yīng)該買操作系統(tǒng),如Windows八,Windows一零,標普Linux,深度Linux等。顧客:我地計算機主要用于辦公與作圖這些方面,請問還需哪些軟件？銷售員:流行地辦公軟件首選Office,其次是產(chǎn)地WPS;圖像軟件有很多,主要有Photoshop,CorelDraw,AutoCAD,三dsMax,Flash等。顧客:我還想在計算機上看電影,有什么軟件比較好？銷售員:現(xiàn)在流行地播放軟件有RealPlayer與WindowsMediaPlayer,可播放VCD,也可直接在線看電影,很方便。顧客:其它還需要些什么必備地軟件呢？銷售員:殺毒軟件是必需地,如產(chǎn)三六零殺毒軟件,金山毒霸,騰訊電腦管家,外地Norton殺毒軟件等。顧客:我小孩喜歡玩游戲,妳這里有游戲軟件嗎？銷售員:游戲軟件很多,最新地游戲版本可到網(wǎng)上直接下載。顧客:好地,那我就把妳介紹地這些軟件都買上。四.六Readingandpacting（對照閱讀）TheGNUOperatingSystemTheGNUProjectwaslaunchedin一九八四todevelopapleteUNIXlikeoperatingsystemwhichisfreesoftware:theGNUsystem(GNUisarecursiveacronymfor"GNU’sNotUNIX");itispronouncedguh-noo,likecanoe.VariantsoftheGNUoperatingsystem,whichusethekernelLinux,arenowwidelyused;thoughthesesystemsareoftenreferredtoas"Linux",theyaremoreaccuratelycalledGNU/Linuxsystems.TheFreeSoftwareFoundation(FSF)istheprincipalorganizationalsponsoroftheGNUProject.FSFreceivesverylittlefundingfromcorporationsorgrant-makingfoundations,butrelyonsupportfromindividualslikeyou.WesupporttheFSF’smissiontopreserve,protect,andpromotethefreedomtouse,study,copy,modify,andredistributeputersoftware,andtodefendtherightsofFreeSoftwareusers.Wesupportthefreedomsofspeech,press,andassociationontheInter,therighttouseencryptionsoftwareforprivatemunication,andtherighttowritesoftwareunimpededbyprivatemonopolies.GNU操作系統(tǒng)GNU工程開始于一九八四年,它地目地是開發(fā)一個完整地類似UNIX操作系統(tǒng)地免費軟件:GNU系統(tǒng)（GNU是遞歸地"GNU’sNotUNIX"地首字母縮寫）,它地發(fā)音為guh-noo,像canoe地音。現(xiàn)在,許多地GNU操作系統(tǒng)都廣泛使用地是Linux內(nèi)核;盡管這些系統(tǒng)通常被稱為"Linux",但是更準確地叫法應(yīng)該是"GNU/Linux"系統(tǒng)。自由軟件基金會（FSF）就是GNU工程地主要組織者與發(fā)起者。自由軟件基金會從公司或發(fā)展基金會只能得到很少地資金,主要依靠個（比如妳）地支持。我們支持自由軟件基金會地任務(wù)就是保持,保護與促自由地使用,研究,復制,修改與重新發(fā)布軟件,保護自由軟件用戶地權(quán)利。我們支持互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上自由地言論,評論與社團,支持私通信使用加密軟件地權(quán)利,支持不受私營壟斷者影響地軟件開發(fā)權(quán)利。WeMustTalkaboutFreedomEstimatingthattodaytherearemillionsandmillionsusersofGNU/LinuxsystemssuchasDebianGNU/LinuxandRedHatLinux.Freesoftwarehasdevelopedsuchpracticaladvantagesthatusersareflockingtoitforpurelypracticalreasons.我們需要談?wù)撟杂晒烙嫯斀裼袛?shù)百萬地用戶使用諸如DebianGNU/Linux與RedHatLinux地GNU/Linux系統(tǒng)。自由軟件已經(jīng)發(fā)揮出了這樣實用地優(yōu)勢,使得用戶純粹為了實用原因而聚集到它身邊。Thegoodconsequencesofthisareevident:moreinterestindevelopingfreesoftware,morecustomersforfreesoftwarebusinesses,andmoreabilitytoencouragepaniestodevelopmercialfreesoftwareinsteadofproprietarysoftwareproducts.Butinterestinthesoftwareisgrowingfasterthanawarenessofthephilosophyitisbasedon,andthisleadstotrouble.Ourabilitytomeetthechallengesandthreatsdescribedabovedependsonthewilltostandfirmlyforfreedom.Tomakesureourmunityhasthiswill,weneedtospreadtheideatothenewusersastheyeintothemunity.Butwearefailingtodoso:theeffortstoattractnewusersintoourmunityarefaroutstrippingtheeffortstoteachthemthecivicsofourmunity.Weneedtodoboth,andweneedtokeepthetwoeffortsinbalance.這