專題04閱讀理解之說明文-5年(2018-2022)中考1年模擬英語真題分項(xiàng)匯編(廣東專用)(解析版)

5年（2018-2022）中考1年模擬英語真題分項(xiàng)匯編（廣東專用）專題03閱讀理解之說明文（2022·廣東廣州·中考真題）CharlesDarwinEarlyyearsCharlesDarwinwasoneofthesixchildrenfromabigfamily.HisgrandfatherandfatherweredoctorsandtheyoungDarwinwenttoEdinburghUniversitytostudymedicine.However,hehatedtoseebloodandhesoonrealizedthathecouldn’tbeadoctor.HethenwenttoCambridgeUniversityanddiscoveredthathehadagreatinterestinstudyingplants,insectsandanimals.Luckily,oneofDarwin’suniversityteachershelpedhim,jointheperfecttripforabiologist:avoyagearoundtheworldtostudynature.TheBeagleIn1831,CharlesDarwinleftPlymouthonTheBeagle,ashipthattookhimaroundtheworldforfiveyears.Whilehewastravelling,hestudiedtheplantsandanimalsinthecountriesandontheislandsthattheshipvisited.DarwinalsospenthistimeonTheBeaglewritingnotesaboutthethingshehadseen.WhenhefinallyarrivedbackinBritain,Darwinwasalreadystartingtocreatehisfamoustheorythatalllivingthingshadacommonancestor(祖先).DownhouseAthomeatDownHouse,aplacethatyoucanstillvisittoday,Darwinwrotemanyarticlesandbooksabouthistravels,buthedidn’twanttomakeanythingabouthistheoryknowntothepublic.Heworkedinhisstudy,wherehewrote250,000wordsabouthistheoryofevolution(進(jìn)化論),buthewasfrightenedaboutwhatpeoplemightsayabouthisideathatmonkeysweretheancestorsofhumans.Hethoughtthepublicwouldbeagainstitandwassofrightenedthathebecameillwithworry.However,whenanotherscientiststartedtowriteaboutsimilarideas,Darwindecidedtoprinthisbook,OntheOriginofSpecies.MostscientistsacceptedDarwin’stheoryandpeoplecontinuetostudyittoday.On12thFebruary,thedayhewasborn,DarwinDayiscelebratedaroundtheworldtoencouragemorepeopletostudythenaturalworld.10．WhatcausedDarwintogiveuphisstudyofmedicine?A．Hedidn’tlikeseeingblood. B．Hefoundthestudiestoodifficult.C．Hewaspushedtogiveupbyhisfamily. D．Hewasadvisedtostudynaturalscience.11．WhywasthetriponTheBeagleimportanttoDarwin?A．Ithelpedhimtofinishhisstudyattheuniversity.B．Itallowedhimtochangehismindabouthisfuture.C．Itgavehimideasaboutthebeginningsofhumanlife.D．Itgothimtocompletehismostfamousbookontheship.12．InwhatorderdidthefollowinghappeninDarwin’slife?a.HearrivedbackinBritainin1836.b.Hethoughtthepublicwouldnotsupporthisideas.c.Hebecameinterestedinstudyingthenaturalworld.d.Heprintedhisfamousbook,OntheOriginofSpecies.e.Hereceivedhelptogetaplaceonatriparoundtheworld.f.Hestudiedtheplantsandanimalsontheislandshevisited.A．e→f→c→a→b→d B．c→e→f→a→b→d C．e→f→a→c→d→b D．c→e→f→d→a→b13．Whydidthewriterincludethelastparagraph?A．TointroduceDarwin’sfamousbook.B．TotellhowpeoplecelebrateDarwinDay.C．ToexplainwhypeopleacceptDarwin’sideas.D．ToshowDarwin’sinfluenceonnaturalscience.【答案】10．A11．C12．B13．D【解析】本文講述達(dá)爾文早期的學(xué)習(xí)和旅行經(jīng)歷，講述達(dá)爾文研究自然世界，并完成《物種起源》的經(jīng)歷。10．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“hehatedtoseebloodandhesoonrealizedthathecouldn’tbeadoctor”可知，達(dá)爾文討厭看到血，所以放棄了學(xué)醫(yī)。故選A。11．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“DarwinalsospenthistimeonTheBeaglewritingnotesaboutthethingshehadseen.WhenhefinallyarrivedbackinBritain,Darwinwasalreadystartingtocreatehisfamoustheorythatalllivingthingshadacommonancestor”可知，達(dá)爾文在“小獵戶號”船上的旅行，讓他開始創(chuàng)造他有名的理論，他認(rèn)為所有的生物都有一個(gè)共同的祖先。故選C。12．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“hehadagreatinterestinstudyingplants,insectsandanimals”可知，他對學(xué)習(xí)自然世界感興趣。根據(jù)“oneofDarwin’suniversityteachershelpedhim,jointheperfecttripforabiologist:avoyagearoundtheworldtostudynature”可知，他得到幫助可以去環(huán)球航行。根據(jù)“hestudiedtheplantsandanimalsinthecountriesandontheislandsthattheshipvisited”可知，他在島上研究植物和動(dòng)物。根據(jù)“WhenhefinallyarrivedbackinBritain”可知，他回到英國。根據(jù)“hewasfrightenedaboutwhatpeoplemightsayabouthisideathatmonkeysweretheancestorsofhumans”可知，他認(rèn)為大眾不會支持他的想法。根據(jù)“Darwindecidedtoprinthisbook,OntheOriginofSpecies”可知，他出版了他的書《物種起源》。正確的順序是c→e→f→a→b→d。故選B。13．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“DarwinDayiscelebratedaroundtheworldtoencouragemorepeopletostudythenaturalworld”可知，達(dá)爾文日是為了鼓勵(lì)更多的人研究自然科學(xué)?？赏茢嘧詈笠欢问菫榱苏故具_(dá)爾文在自然科學(xué)上的影響。故選D。（2022·廣東廣州·中考真題）Whenyouandyourfriendsturntoeachothertotalkaboutproblemsortroubles,yougiveeachotheradviceandhelp.Oneimportantthingofourgrowthistomakedecisionstohelpourfriendsandlearntosupporteachother.Thisrequiresustolearnwhatitmeanstohelpfriendsandhowtohelptheminrightways.Thefirststeptowardhelpingothersistoidentifythattheyneedhelp.Weallknowthatdifficultiesarepartofourdailylives.However,sometimessmallthingscanleadtomoreseriousproblemsthatrequiremorehelp.It’simportanttomakesurewhentohelpafriend.Forexample,youmaypickupsomesignsthatyourfriendsarenotactinglikethemselves.Thesesignsshowtheymaynotbewell.Thenextsteptowardhelpingothersistolisten.Payingattentiontootherswhilelisteningisveryimportantthroughoutourlife.Whenwecommunicatewithothers,weneedtolearnwhentospeakandwhennotto.Aslisteners,weshouldtrytounderstandwhatthespeakersarefeelingorexperiencingandtrytoseethingsfromtheirperspectives.Listeningandpayingattentiontootherswhentheyspeakisasignofrespectandaskillthatwillleadtodeeperandbetterrelationships.19．Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A．Todiscusswhypeoplehelpeachother. B．Todescribetheproblemsofgivinghelp.C．Tointroducetheadvantagesofgivinghelp. D．Toexplainhowwecanhelpothersproperly.20．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“identify”inparagraph2mean?A．Require. B．Discover. C．Suggest. D．Remember.21．Whatisthemainideaofparagraph3?A．Actasagoodlistenertoyourfriends. B．Learnhowtogiveadvicetoyourfriends.C．Payattentiontoyourfriends’unusualacts. D．Buildgoodrelationshipswithyourfriends.22．Accordingtothewriter,whatshouldyoudoifyourfriendsdon’tfollowyouradviceontheirseriousproblems?A．Keeptheirproblemsassecrets. B．Letthemmaketheirowndecisions.C．Findoutthecausesoftheirproblems. D．Gethelpfromtheirtrustedteachers.【答案】19．D20．B21．A22．C【解析】本文講述用正確的方式幫助朋友的建議。19．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Thisrequiresustolearnwhatitmeanstohelpfriendsandhowtohelptheminrightways”可知，文章主要為了講述幫助朋友意味著什么，怎樣以正確的方式幫助朋友。故選D。20．詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第二段“It’simportanttomakesurewhentohelpafriend.Forexample,youmaypickupsomesignsthatyourfriendsarenotactinglikethemselves.Thesesignsshowtheymaynotbewell”可知，確認(rèn)什么時(shí)候幫助朋友是重要的，“identify”表達(dá)“識別，確認(rèn)”，相當(dāng)于“discover”。故選B。21．段落大意題。根據(jù)“Thenextsteptowardhelpingothersistolisten.Payingattentiontootherswhilelisteningisveryimportantthroughoutourlife”可知，第三段講述幫助朋友接下來的一步是做一個(gè)好的聆聽者。故選A。22．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Aslisteners,weshouldtrytounderstandwhatthespeakersarefeelingorexperiencingandtrytoseethingsfromtheirperspectives”可知，如果在很嚴(yán)重的問題上朋友不聽取你的建議，你應(yīng)該努力弄懂朋友的感受和經(jīng)歷，努力從他們的角度看問題?？芍枰宄栴}的原因。故選C。（2022·廣東廣州·中考真題）Imagineyouareinanewcity.Youasksomeonehowtogettoabookstore.Theytellyoutogostraight,turnleft,andyouwillfinditonyourleft.Infact,youcanalsofindyourwaywithaphone.Nowimagineyouareinanoutdoorgame.Youonlyhaveamapandacompass,andinsteadofrunningdownacityroad,youmayneedtorunaroundinthewoods,climboverrocksandgoupanddownhills.Welcometoorienteering!Inthegameoforienteering,playersuseamapandacompasstofindstations.Thesestationsarecalledcontrols.Aspecialflag,usuallyinbrightcolours,markseachcontrol.Controlsarenoteasytofind.Theymaybeinfrontofabigrockorbehindatree.Inmostofthegames,you’llhavetofindcontrolsinnumberedorder,butinsomegamesyoucanchangetheorder.Ateachcontrol,playersmarkacardtheycarrywiththemandthecardwillbemarkedindifferentways(SeeFigure1).Thecardsareveryimportantbecauseplayersmustfindallthecontrolstowin.Ifsomeonemissesacontrol,theywon’thavethatmarkontheircards.Theymightcrossthefinishlinefirst,butthenextpersontofinishwithafullcardwillwinthegame.OrienteeringControlCardCultureNote:ThefirstcompasswasinventedbyancientChinesepeople.IthelpsyoufindyourwaybyalwayspointingtotheNorth.NameStarttimeCourseAgeClassFinishtime123456789101112Figure123．Whatwillplayerscarryinthegame?A．Amap,acompassandaflag. B．Aflag,acompassandacard.C．Acompass,amapandacard. D．Aphone,acompassandamap.24．Whichofthefollowingisaruleofthegame?A．Youdon’tneedtomarkthecards.B．Youcan’tmissanyofthecontrolstowin.C．Youhavetofindcontrolsinnumberedorder.D．Youmustbethefirsttopassthefinishlinetowin.25．HowmanycontrolshasAnnafinishedinthegame?A．9. B．10. C．11. D．12.【答案】23．C24．B25．B【解析】本文講述定向運(yùn)動(dòng)游戲的具體操作說明。23．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Inthegameoforienteering,playersuseamapandacompasstofindstations”及“Ateachcontrol,playersmarkacardtheycarrywiththemandthecardwillbemarkedindifferentways”可知，在游戲中，需要攜帶一張地圖，一個(gè)指南針和一張卡片。故選C。24．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Ifsomeonemissesacontrol,theywon’thavethatmarkontheircard”，可知如果錯(cuò)過了一個(gè)控制點(diǎn)，就不會在卡片上得到那個(gè)得分，可知不能錯(cuò)過贏的任何控制點(diǎn)。故選B。25．推理判斷題。根據(jù)表格的控制點(diǎn)有1到5,7到9，以及11到12，可知共完成10個(gè)控制點(diǎn)。故選B。（2019·廣東中考真題）In

our

daily

life,robotsareoftenfoundtodoworkthatis

toodangerous,boring,difficult,ordirty.Andweoftensee

kids

play

with

toy

robots.But

what

exactly

is

a

robot?

There

are

some

important

characteristics(特征

)thatarobotmusthave.Thesecharacteristicsmighthelpyoutodecidewhat

isandwhatis

not

arobot.Itwillalsohelpyoutodecidewhatyouwillneedtobuildintoamachinebefore

itcanbeconsideredasarobot.A

robot

has

these

important

characteristics.Sensing

First

of

all,yourrobotwouldhavetobeabletosensetheenvironmentaround

it.

Giveyourrobot

sensors

(傳感器)：light

sensors(

eyes

),touch

sensors(hands),chemicalsensors(nose),hearing

sensors(ears)

and

taste

sensors

(tongue).Movement

A

robot

needs

to

be

able

to

move

around

its

environment.

It

can

move

on

wheel,walk

on

legs

or

be

driven

by

small

engines(發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)).Arobotcanmoveeitherthewholebodyorjust

parts

of

it.Energy

A

robot

needs

to

be

able

to

power

itself.

Some

robots

might

power

itself

with

sunlight,some

might

with

electricity,whileotherswiththebattery(電池).

Thewayyourrobotgetsitsenergywilldependonwhatyourrobotneedstodo.Intelligence

A

robot

needs

some

kind

of

"smarts".

A

programmer

is

the

person

who

givestherobotits

"smarts".The

robot

will

have

to

have

a

certain

way

to

receive

the

program

so

that

itknows

what

it

is

to

do.42．The

underlined

word

"it"

in

Paragraph

2

is

about____.A．the

toy B．the

characteristic C．the

machine D．the

engine43．The

chemical

sensors

may

help

a

robot

to____.A．See B．catch C．hear D．smell44．In

how

many

ways

can

a

robot

power

itself

according

to

the

passage?A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five.45．The

Chinese

meaning

of

"Intelligence"

in

the

last

paragraph

is____.A．能源 B．勤奮 C．智能 D．外觀46．What

is

the

main

purpose

of

the

passage?A．To

help

people

understand

what

a

robot

is.B．To

tell

what

a

robot

can

do

in

our

life.C．To

describe

the

movement

of

a

robot.D．To

introduce

the

history

of

robots.【答案】42．C43．D44．B45．C46．A【分析】文章主要介紹了機(jī)器人應(yīng)該具有的特征，要有感官，會動(dòng)，有能量和智力。42．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Itwillalsohelpyoutodecidewhatyouwillneedtobuildintoamachine和before

itcanbeconsideredasarobot.在它被認(rèn)為是一個(gè)機(jī)器人之前，這些特征能幫你決定你在機(jī)器里組裝什么，可知是it在這里指的是機(jī)器，故選C。43．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)chemicalsensors(nose),可知鼻子是用來聞的；故選D。44．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Some

robots

might

power

itself

with

sunlight,some

might

with

electricity,whileotherswiththebattery(電池).太陽能、電和電池，可知有三個(gè)方法；故選B。45．詞義猜測題。根據(jù)A

robot

needs

some

kind

of

"smarts"和itknows

what

it

is

to

do.它知道做什么，可猜測是智能；故選C。46．主旨大意題。根據(jù)But

what

exactly

is

a

robot?

There

are

some

important

characteristics(特征

)thatarobotmusthave.Thesecharacteristicsmighthelpyoutodecidewhat

isandwhatis

not

arobot.Itwillalsohelpyoutodecidewhatyouwillneedtobuildintoamachinebefore

itcanbeconsideredasarobot.A

robot

has

these

important

characteristics.和后面介紹的機(jī)器人應(yīng)該有的特征，可知文章的目的是幫助人們理解什么是機(jī)器人；故選A。（2019·廣東廣州中考真題）Theysaythat“travelisthebestteacher”andthereisnobetterexampleofthisideathantheMingdynastytravelwriterandgeographerXuXiake(1587-1641).HisbookTheTravelNotesofXuXiake,notonlyencouragedaloveoftravellingamongChinesepeoplebutprovidedimportantscientificinformationaboutthecountry'slandandgeography.BornintoawealthyJiangyinfamily,Xubecameinterestedinbooksaboutdifferentplacesatanearlyageandwantedtotravel.Whenhewas18,however,Xu'sfatherdiedandso,itseemedimpossibleforhistravellingdreams.Henowwasresponsibleforthefamilyfarmandtakingcareofhis60-year-oldmotherastraditionrequired.Buthismotherhaddifferentideas.Understandingherson’sloveoftravelandvaluingtheknowledgehecouldgetfromsuchexperiences,thismodern-thinkingwomanrefusedtokeephersonathome.SheagreedthatXucouldtravelforthreemonthseveryyear,whentherewaslessfarmwork.Soattheageoftwentyandwithhismother'ssupport,Xusetoffforthefirsttime,leavingbehindnotonlyhismotherbuthisnewwifeaswell.Hewouldrepeatthisgoodbyeeachyearformostofthenext30years.Duringthistime,hetravelledthroughouttheMingkingdom,carefullystudyingthelandshepassedthroughandrecordinghisexperiencesandmanydiscoveriesinadiary.Thisdiary,whichoncehadover500,000words,wouldeventuallybecomeTheTravelNotesofXuXiake.Althoughrich,Xuavoidedcomfortabletravel,preferringtogoalmosteverywhereonfoot.Thiswayhecouldresearchtheenvironmentindetailandgetatruepictureofthenaturalworld.Manyofhistripsweretohard-to-reachmountainareas,andthroughwildforestswherefewpeoplelived.Hiswillingnesstofacehardshipscameatacost,however.Progresswasslowandtiringandhewasfrequentlysick,robbedandbeatenduringhisjourneysSadlyXubecameseriouslyillduringhislastandlongestjourney,a4-yeartripthroughtheSouthwestofChina.Hediedin1641,soonafterreturningtohishometownforthelasttime.Whenhisdiarywasfinallyprintedyearsafterhisdeath,muchofithadbeendestroyedorlost.Althoughincomplete,itstillmadeXuatravellinglegendaroundtheworld.47．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout______.A．ThegeneraldetailsofXuXiake'slifestoryB．ThedifficultiesXuXiakefacedinhistravelsC．TheimportantdiscoveriesmadebyXuXiakeD．TheinfluenceofXu'sbookTheTravelNotesofXuXiake48．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesXu'smother?A．StrictbutinterestingB．KindbutuneducatedC．HelpfulandhardworkingD．Supportiveandopen-minded49．WhydidXupreferwalkingduringhistravels?A．Itgavehimthechancetomeetdifferentkindsofpeople.B．Ithelpedhimtosavemoneyandtravelforalongertime.C．Itallowedhimtoseeandstudytheenvironmentindetail.D．Itwastheonlywaytoreachtheplaceshewasinterestedin.50．WhatistrueaboutXu'sbookTheTravelNotesofXuXiake?A．ItwasonlymadepublicafterXudied.B．ItmadeXuveryfamousduringhislifetime.C．ItwasthefirsttravelbookeverwritteninChina.D．ItwasmainlyaboutthedifferentpeopleofChina.51．WhatisthecorrectorderforthefollowingeventsfromXu'slife?a.Hewentonhisfirstjourney.b.Hisbookwasfinallyprinted.c.Hereturnedtohishometownforthelasttime.d.Hedevelopedaninterestinbooksaboutotherplaces.e.Hestartedmanagingthefamilyfarmafterhisfatherdied.A．a(chǎn)-e-d-c-bB．d-e-a-c-bC．d-e-a-b-cD．e-d-a-b-c【答案】47．A48．D49．C50．A51．B【分析】這篇短文給我們介紹了明朝著名的旅行作家、地理學(xué)家徐霞客的故事。徐霞客生于一個(gè)富有的家庭，但父親早亡，幸虧他的母親非常的開明，徐霞客才有機(jī)會游遍祖國大好河山，并最終寫成了《徐霞客游記》。47．主旨大意題。根據(jù)短文第一段中thereisnobetterexampleofthisideathantheMingdynastytravelwriterandgeographerXuXiake以及文意可知，這篇短文給我們介紹了地理學(xué)家徐霞客的生平，故A選項(xiàng)“徐霞客生平故事”符合文意，選A。48．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)短文第二段Understandingherson’sloveoftravelandvaluingtheknowledgehecouldgetfromsuchexperiences,thismodern-thinkingwomanrefusedtokeephersonathome.SheagreedthatXucouldtravelforthreemonthseveryyear,whentherewaslessfarmwork.可知，徐霞客的母親支持他外出旅行，是一個(gè)開明的母親。故應(yīng)選D。49．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)短文第五段Althoughrich,Xuavoidedcomfortabletravel,preferringtogoalmosteverywhereonfoot.Thiswayhecouldresearchtheenvironmentindetailandgetatruepictureofthenaturalworld.可知，徐霞客經(jīng)常步行去每個(gè)地方，這樣他能詳細(xì)地研究環(huán)境，真實(shí)地了解自然世界。由此可知應(yīng)選C。50．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)短文最后一段中Whenhisdiarywasfinallyprintedyearsafterhisdeath,muchofithadbeendestroyedorlost.Althoughincomplete,itstillmadeXuatravellinglegendaroundtheworld.可知，《徐霞客游記》是在徐霞客去世之后才公之于眾的，故A選項(xiàng)正確。B和C在短文中沒有提到；根據(jù)第一段HisbookTheTravelNotesofXuXiake,notonlyencouragedaloveoftravellingamongChinesepeoplebutprovidedimportantscientificinformationaboutthecountry'slandandgeography可知D不對。51．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句話BornintoawealthyJiangyinfamily,Xubecameinterestedinbooksaboutdifferentplacesatanearlyageandwantedtotravel可知d在第一位，排除A和D；根據(jù)最后一段Hediedin1641,soonafterreturningtohishometownforthelasttime.Whenhisdiarywasfinallyprintedyearsafterhisdeath,muchofithadbeendestroyedorlost.可知c在b前面，故選B。（2019·廣東深圳市·中考真題）Sendingpackets，shoppingforeverydaygoodsandevenbuildingahouse，thesearenewskillsthatnewrobotsshowattheWorldRobotExhibition．RoBohoNScientistsarerecommendingthelatesttalkingrobots．Theycanbehighlyintelligentintheirresponses．RoBohoN，just10cmtall，makesalivelydescriptionoftheGreatWallandthePalaceMuseum．ItcanspeakChinese，Englishoranyotherlanguageyoulike．HumanSupportThisrobotstandsat1mtallandlookslikeacontainerwitharms．Itprovidesmuchsupporttodifferentplacesandkeepsintouchwiththeoutsideworldthroughtheinternet．HRP﹣5PAsworldcitiescontinuedeveloping，therearebuildingsiteseverywhere，buttherearen'tenoughpeopletobuildthem．HRP﹣5Plookslikeastrongbuilder．Itstandsat1.8mtallandweighs101kg．Itiscreatedtocarryouttheheavybuildingtasks．CarriRoCarriRo，intheshapeofatoybus，hasfriendly"eyes"onitsfront．Itworksasapostmanandsendspackagesbyrollingaroundthestreets．IthasaGPStotravel．ThepersonwhoreceivesthepackageissentacodetothesmartphonetoopentheCarriRoandgetthepackage．52．HowtallistheRoBohoN？A．0.1meter B．1meter C．1.8meter D．101meters53．WhichRobotisthebesthelpertotheoldpeople'shomes？A．RoBohoN B．HumanSupportRobot C．HRP﹣5P D．CarriRo54．HowdoestheownerofthepackageopentheCarriRo？A．byworkingasapostman B．byrollingaroundthestreetC．byfollowingtheGPS D．byusingthecode55．Inwhichpartofanewspapercanwefindthispassage？A．culture B．sports C．science D．people【答案】52．A53．B54．D55．C【分析】本篇文章難度適中，主要講述四款新型機(jī)器人的新的技能。52．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)RoBohoN，just10cmtall"RoBohoN“只有十厘米”可知，這個(gè)機(jī)器人的高度為十厘米，即0.1米，故選：A。53．推理判斷題。根據(jù)Thisrobotstandsat1mtallandlookslikeacontainerwitharms．Itprovidesmuchsupporttodifferentplaces"這個(gè)機(jī)器人站著有一米高，并且看起來像個(gè)帶有胳膊的容器一樣，它能夠在許多場所提供許多幫助"可知，描述HumanSupport這類機(jī)器人，因此結(jié)合線索句可知，這類機(jī)器人最適合在老人之家?guī)椭先?。故選：B。54．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ThepersonwhoreceivesthepackageissentacodetothesmartphonetoopentheCarriRoandgetthepackage"收到包裹的人手機(jī)上會得到一串代碼，用以打開CarriRo機(jī)器人"可知，這個(gè)快遞機(jī)器人是要通過代碼打開的，故選：D。55．推理判斷題。culture意為"文化"，sports意為"運(yùn)動(dòng)"；science意為"科學(xué)"；people意為"人"?？v觀全文，這篇文章主要是關(guān)于機(jī)器人的，而選項(xiàng)中，而與機(jī)器人最相符的領(lǐng)域，就是科學(xué)領(lǐng)域了，故這份表格最有可能出現(xiàn)在科學(xué)領(lǐng)域的報(bào)紙上面，故選：C。（2019·廣東深圳市·中考真題）Thejourneytoandfromschoolisamajorreasonforstressthroughouttheworld．Andthejourneycanevenmakeyousick．Yetonecityhasfoundawaytomakeitstrainjourneysmorecomfortablewhileofferingenjoyablereadingatthesametime，justlikeinalibrary．OntwotrainlinesinBeijing，theundergroundcars（車廂）havebeenturnedintolibraries，butthey'renottraditionallibraries．Insteadofrealcopiesofbooks，theundergroundcarsprovidee﹣books．Whenpassengersgetintothecars，theycanseepicturesofdifferentbookcoversonthewallsandevendoors．Passengerscanbrowse（瀏覽）thebooksjustlikeinanyotherlibrary．Oncethey'vemadetheirchoice，theycanuseamobilephonetoscantheQRcode（掃二維碼）onthecoveroftheirchosenbook．TheQRcodeleadstoane﹣bookapp，onwhichthepassengerscanreadthee﹣bookforfree．Andtheycanstillenjoythebookontheappevenafterleavingthetrain．Thankstotheunderground'sidea，passengerscandiscovernewstorieseverytimetheytakearide．Inthisway，thejourneywillnotbeboringanylonger，andpassengerswillnotcomplainaboutthejourneyeither．Instead，theycanbenefit（受益）alotfromit．Readinge﹣bookscanreallymakethejourneymoreenjoyable﹣it'soneofthethingsthatsuccessfulpassengersusuallydo．Infact，inthiskindofspeciallibrary，thebookscangoonforever！56．Howdopassengersusuallyfeelabouttheirjourneystoandfromwork？A．Comfortable． B．Enjoyable． C．Painful． D．Cheerful．57．WhichstatementisTRUEaboutpassengersinparagraph3？A．Theyreadpaperbooksonthetrain． B．TheycanbrowsetheQRcodetobuythebooks．C．TheycanscantheQRcodetobuythebooks． D．Theycanenjoythebookontheappaftertheride．58．Whatdoes"it"refertointheparagraph4？A．Thejourney． B．Thestory． C．Thepassenger． D．Theunderground．59．Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage？A．TheBestTrainRide． B．TheEnjoyableJourney．C．TheFutureLibrary． D．TheMovingLibrary．【答案】56．C57．D58．A59．B【分析】本篇文章難度適中，主要介紹為了讓地鐵旅行更加舒適，北京在兩個(gè)線路的地鐵上提供免費(fèi)的電子書。并且講述電子書的好處。56．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Andthejourneycanevenmakeyousick“旅途甚至?xí)屇闵　笨芍?，是痛苦的。故選：C。57．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Insteadofrealcopiesofbooks，theundergroundcarsprovidee﹣books“而不是復(fù)印的書籍，地鐵車廂提供的是電子書”可知，他們閱讀電子書而不是紙質(zhì)書籍，排除A；根據(jù)Passengerscanbrowse（瀏覽）thebooksjustlikeinanyotherlibrary．Oncethey'vemadetheirchoice，theycanuseamobilephonetoscantheQRcode（掃二維碼）onthecoveroftheirchosenbook．TheQRcodeleadstoane﹣bookapp，onwhichthepassengerscanreadthee﹣bookforfree“乘客就像在其他任何圖書館瀏覽數(shù)及一樣，一旦他們選擇，他們就能夠使用移動(dòng)電話來掃他們選擇的書籍的二維碼，這個(gè)二維碼會引領(lǐng)他們到一個(gè)電子書的應(yīng)用，在那里，游客們可以免費(fèi)閱讀電子書”可知，他們掃描二維碼是讀書而不是買書，排除B；根據(jù)theycanuseamobilephonetoscantheQRcode（掃二維碼）onthecoveroftheirchosenbook．TheQRcodeleadstoane﹣bookapp，onwhichthepassengerscanreadthee﹣bookforfree“他們就能夠使用移動(dòng)電話來掃他們選擇的書籍的二維碼，這個(gè)二維碼會引領(lǐng)他們到一個(gè)電子書的應(yīng)用，在那里，游客們可以免費(fèi)閱讀電子書”可知，他們可以掃描二維碼是免費(fèi)讀書，而不是買書，排除C；根據(jù)根據(jù)Andtheycanstillenjoythebookontheappevenafterleavingthetrain可知，即使離開火車，他們?nèi)匀豢梢栽趹?yīng)用程序上享受這本書，故選D。58．代詞指代題。代詞代指上文中出現(xiàn)的東西。根據(jù)Inthisway，thejourneywillnotbeboringanlonger，andpassengerswillnotcomplainaboutthejourneyeither．Instead，theycanbenefit（受益）alotfromit“這樣，旅程就不會再無聊了，乘客也不會抱怨旅程，相反，他們可以從中受益很多”可知，it指的是旅程。故選A。59．主旨大意題。根據(jù)Readinge﹣bookscanreallymakethejourneymoreenjoyable﹣it'soneofthethingsthatsuccessfulpassengersusuallydo“閱讀電子書真的能讓旅途更愉快．這是成功乘客通常做的事情之一”可知，故標(biāo)題是愉快的旅行。故選B。（2020·廣東省中考真題）Itisnecessaryforstudentstolearnsometeamskillslikedevelopingrelationships,communicatingwellwithothersandsolvingproblems.Herearetwofunteamactivities.

Activity1:WaterRelay(接力賽)Tools●Twolargebuckets(水桶)toholdwater●OnesmallbucketforeachteammemberInstructions●Fillonelargebucketwithwater.●Makeholesinthebottomofthesmallbuckets.●Havetheteammemberslineupbetweenthetwolargebuckets.●Passthewaterfromonelargebuckettotheother,usingsmallbuckets.Trytokeepasmuchwateraspossible.WhyIt’sFun●It’sfuntoworkoutawaytoloseaslittlewateraspossible.●It’swater.Isn’titfuntogetyouwetonahotsummerday?Activity2:TruthandLieThisactivitywillallowteammemberstolearnabouteachother.Instructions●Haveeachteammemberthinkofthreepiecesofinformationaboutthemselves,andoneofthemisalie.●Eachteammembertellsthegroupallthethreepiecesofinformation.Lettheotherteammembersguesswhichisthelie.WhyIt’sFun●Studentslovetalkingaboutthemselvesandthisgivesthemthechancetodoso.●Memberscanlearnabouteachother.●Memberswillbesurprisedatwhatothersthinkofthem.60．Howmanyteamskillsdoesthewritermention(提及)inParagraph1?A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four.61．WhattoolsareneededforeachteaminWaterRelay?A．Onelargebucketforeachmember.B．Twolargebucketsforeachmember.C．Onesmallbucketforeachmemberandtwolargebuckets.D．Twosmallbucketsforeachmemberandonelargebucket.62．InordertowinWaterRelay,theteammembersshould________.A．getthemselveswetB．loseaslittlewateraspossibleC．passthewaterasslowlyaspossibleD．passthelargebuckettotheotherteam63．ItisfuntoplayTruthandLiebecauseteammemberscan________.A．talkaboutthemselves B．sharelovewitheachotherC．tellliestosurpriseothers D．learnalltheinformationaboutothers64．Thispassageismostprobablyfrom________.A．a(chǎn)sciencebook B．a(chǎn)travelguideC．a(chǎn)newswebsite D．a(chǎn)schoolmagazine【答案】60．C61．C62．B63．A64．D【分析】文章大意：本文主要介紹了兩個(gè)有趣的適合學(xué)生做的團(tuán)隊(duì)活動(dòng)：水接力賽和真相與謊言。60．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第1段中“Itisnecessaryforstudentstolearnsometeamskillslikedevelopingrelationships,communicatingwellwithothersandsolvingproblems.”可知第1段提到了三種團(tuán)隊(duì)技能：發(fā)展人際關(guān)系，與他人良好溝通，解決問題。故選C。61．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Tools●Twolargebucketstoholdwater●Onesmallbucketforeachteammember”可知在水接力賽中每個(gè)隊(duì)員需要一個(gè)小桶，還需要兩個(gè)大桶盛水、故選C。62．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Trytokeepasmuchwateraspossible.”及“It’sfuntoworkoutawaytoloseaslittlewateraspossible.”可知要贏得水接力賽，就要盡量少讓水灑掉。故選B。63．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Studentslovetalkingaboutthemselvesandthisgivesthemthechancetodoso.”可知玩真相和謊言是很有趣的，因?yàn)閳F(tuán)隊(duì)成員可以談?wù)撟约?。故選A。64．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第1段中“Itisnecessaryforstudentstolearnsometeamskillslikedevelopingrelationships,communicatingwellwithothersandsolvingproblems.Herearetwofunteamactivities.”可知這是針對學(xué)生們學(xué)習(xí)團(tuán)隊(duì)技能而列舉的兩個(gè)有趣的活動(dòng)，由此可推知極可能來自一本學(xué)校雜志。故選D。（2020·廣東省中考真題）OncethereweremanythousandsofGourmaDesert(沙漠)elephantsinMali,acountryinWestAfrica.Now,therearefewerthanfourhundred.Whydidthenumberoftheelephantsdropsoquickly?Ontheonehand,theelephants’mainlake,theironlywatersource(來源),driedup.Ontheotherhand,thelandwhichtheelephantslivedonwasoverusedbyhumans.Toprotecttheelephants’livingenvironment,theMaliElephantProject(MEP)wasstartedin2007.MEPmetwithlocalpeopleandhelpedthemmakerulesofusinglandandwater.Asaresult,thesituationbecamebetterandtherewasmorefood,forestandgrassland.However,from2012to2016,poaching(偷獵)andillegaltradeintheelephantsincreasedrapidly.Eighty-threeelephantswerelostin2015alone,andanotherfifty-oneelephantwerekilledin2016.“If