現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)

Grammarandusage

Form:have/has+donePresentPerfectTensePartA1我們用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)來(lái)講發(fā)生在過(guò)去的動(dòng)作，但是對(duì)現(xiàn)在有影響。Theyhavecleanedtheclassroom.(Theycleanedtheclassroomandtheclassroomiscleannow.)Ihavefinishedmyhomework.(IfinishedmyhomeworkandIamfreenow)Theboyisveryhappy.Theboy___________(catch)abird.(Connectionwiththepast:Theboycaughtabird.Connectionwiththepresent:Theboyishappy.)hascaughtLook,thewindowisopen.Ericopenedthewindowjustnow.Eric___________________(alreadyopen)thewindow.(Connectionwiththepast:Ericopenedthewindow.Connectionwiththepresent:Thewindowisopen.)hasalreadyopenedTheboysaretired.They_____________(justplay)aballgame.(Connectionwiththepast:Theboysplayedaballgame.Connectionwiththepresent:Theboysaretired.)

havejustplayed2現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)還可以表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在。常與一段時(shí)間連用haslivedDaniel__________(live)inBeijingsincehecametoChina.

________________________________pastnowfuturecamehaslivedHehasn’tgivenmeanymoretroublesincethen.Wehavediscussedthetopicfor3daysTheyhavemaderapidprogressduring/inthepastfewyears注意：在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中，短暫性動(dòng)詞不可以與for，since引導(dǎo)的延續(xù)性時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。HehasarrivedinChina.(√)Hehasarrived(短暫性動(dòng)詞)inChinafor5years(×)Itis/hasbeen〔延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞〕5yearssincehearrivedinChina.HehasarrivedinChinasince1980HehasbeeninChinasince1980.×Ihavefinishedmywork.Ihavefinishedmyworkfor3daysMyworkhasbeenoverfor3days×√改錯(cuò)：Shehasleftschoolfor15years.Shehasbeenaway

fromschool…ShehasmarriedJacksince1990Shehasbeenmarriedto…IhaveborrowedthenovelforseveraldaysIhavekeptthe…Hehasdiedfor3daysHehasbeendeadfor3daysjoinbeinfallillbeillfinishbeoverputonwear/haveon常見(jiàn)的瞬間性動(dòng)詞有：marry,close,die,arrive,fall,leave,go,break,lose,give,join,jump,receive,buy,borrow,start,begin,graduate等。3經(jīng)常使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)already,ever,for,just,lately,never,recently,since,yet

______itever_______(snow)inHongKong?No,it_______never_________(snow)there.Hassnowed

hassnowedalready用于肯定陳敘句中andyet用于否認(rèn)句和疑問(wèn)句中.IhavealreadyfinishedmyworkIhaven’tfinishedmyworkyetHaveyoufinishedyourworkyet?2.Weusefor+時(shí)間段andsince+過(guò)去時(shí)間點(diǎn)/短暫性動(dòng)詞.Ihavebeenherefor3years/sinceIgotmarried.Ithasbeen3yearssinceIgraduated=Itis3yearssinceIgraduatedNotes:

I__________(be)toEgypttwice.

havebeen4表示反復(fù)或者習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，常與severaltimes，once,twice,manytimes,frequently等頻度副詞連用。Ihavewatchedhimseveraltimeshavebeento去過(guò)〔已回來(lái)〕havegoneto去了〔還沒(méi)回〕5.與完成時(shí)連用的句型。1)Itis(hasbeen)+一段時(shí)間+since從句.2)This(That/It)isthefirst(second…)time+that從句(從句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)).3)This(That/It)istheonly…+that-clause(從句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)).4)This(That/It)isthebest/finest/mostinteresting…+that-clause.〔從句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)Notes:ThisisthemostinterestingbookthatIhaveeverread.ThisistheonlyfilmthathehasseenIt’sthefirsttimethatIhavebeenhere.Exercises:MyfriendJackhasjustsentmeane-mail,tellingmeabouthistravelsaroundtheworld.He(1)____________(justbe)toQomolangmaBaseCampand(2)_________(see)aYetithere.Heisstillveryexcitedaboutit.He(3)____________(visit)theGreatPyramidinEgypttoo.Hesaysthathe(4)__________(love)Egyptbuthe(5)__________________(notvisit)allthepyramidsyet.He(6)____________(see)cropcirclesinmanyplaces,Thoughhe(7)_______________(nevermeet)anyaliens!He(8)___________(travel)totheIndianOceanmanytimeslookingfortreasure.Althoughhe(9)____________(find)manysunkenships,he(10)_____________(notfind)anytreasure.___________(11)he____________(be)totheGreatWallbefore?I’mnotsure—butIhave!hasseenhasvisitedloves

hasn’tvisitedhasseenhasnevermethastraveledhasfoundhasn’tfoundHasbeenhasjustbeenPresentPerfectContinuousTense

PartBForm:have/has+been+doingSummary1:1.

我們使用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)來(lái)表示動(dòng)作從過(guò)去開(kāi)始一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，現(xiàn)在仍在發(fā)生將來(lái)還可能繼續(xù)下去。IhavenotbeensleepingwellsinceIreturnedhome.

_______________________________________________pastpresentnotbeingabletosleepwellI’mstillnotsleepingwell.Ireturnedhome.Itbegantorainonehourago.

Ithasbeenrainingforonehour.Itisraining

atthismoment.Theboy________________(have)dinnersincefiveminutesago.(Theboystartedhavingdinnerfiveminutesago.Heisstillhavingdinnernow.)

hasbeenhavingTheman_________________(work)inthefieldforhalfanhour.(Themanstartedworkinginthefieldhalfanhourago.Heisstillworkingnow.)hasbeenworkingSummary2:我們也可以用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示動(dòng)作從過(guò)去一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在剛完成但是中間沒(méi)有中斷過(guò).Kelly:SorryI’mlate.Haveyoubeenwaitinglong?Mavis:Yes.I’vebeenwaitingforanhour._______________________________________________

pastonehouragopresentMavisstartedwaitingforKelly.Kellyarrives.Theboysaretirednow,they_______________(play)basketballallthemorning.Theboysaretired.They_____________(justplay)aballgame.

havejustplayed

havebeenplayingComparisonReadthePointsonPage10thentickthecorrectpartaccordingtotheinformationgiven.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)VS

現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)√√√√√√√√(stateverb)√(onlyactionverbs)√(stateverbs&actionverbs)1.Althoughhehaslivedwithusforyears,he______usmuchimpression.A.hadn’tleftB.didn’tleaveC.doesn’tleaveD.hasn’tleft

2.Howcanyoupossiblymissthenews?It_______onTValldaylong.A.hasbeenB.hadbeenC.wasD.willbe

3.______TomandVicky_____married?A.Howlongwere,beingB.Howlong,haveC.Howlonghave,beenD.Howlongdid,get4.—I’msureAndrewwillwinthefirstprizeinthefinal.—Ithinkso.He____foritformonths.A.ispreparing B.waspreparing C.hadbeenpreparing D.hasbeenpreparingIndividualactivityMyfriend,who___ontheInternationalOlympicCommitteeallhislife,isretiringnextmonth.(浙江)A.served

B.isserving

C.hadserved

D.hasserved2.Althoughmedicalscience____controloverseveraldangerousdiseases,whatworriesusisthatsomeofthemarereturning.(江蘇)

A.achieved

B.hasachieved

C.willachieve

D.hadachieveQuizI:Multiplechoice.3.Theconstructionofthetwonewrailwaylines_______bynow.(陜西)

A.hasbeencompleted

B.havebeencompleted

C.hascompleted

D.havecompleted4.Iwon’ttellthestudenttheanswertothemathproblemuntilhe____onitformorethananhour.(湖北)

hasbeenworking

B.willhaveworkedC.willhavebeenworking

D.hadworked5.Igotcaughtintherainandmysuit____.(北京)A.hasruinedB.hadruinedC.hasbeenruinedD.hadbeenruined6.Whenyougetthepaperback,payspecialattentiontowhat______.(

四川)A.havemarkedB.havebeenmarkedC.hadmarkedD.hadbeenmarked7.Bythetimeherealizeshe_____intoatrap,it’llbetoolateforhimtodoanythingaboutit.(山東)A.walks B.walked C.haswalked D.hadwalked8.Sofarthisyearwe_____afallinhousepricesbybetween5and10percent.(福建)A.sawB.seeC.hadseenD.haveseen9.ThepopulationofJiangsu____tomorethantwicewhatitwasin1949.Thefigureisnowapproaching74million.(2023江蘇)A.hasgrownB.havegrownC.grewD.aregrowing10.Whatisthepriceofpetrolthesedays?(2023江西)Oh,it____sharplysincelastmonth.A.israisedB.hasrisenC.hasarisenD.isincreased11.Thisisthefirsttimewe_____afilminthecinematogetherasafamily.(2023陜西)A.seeB.hadseenC.sawD.haveseen12.Uptonow,theprogram________thousandsofchildrenwhowouldotherwisehavedied.(2023山東)A.wouldsaveB.savesC.hadsavedD.hassaved13.I’mtiredout.I__________allafternoonandIdon’tseemtohavefinishedanything.(2023湖南)A.shoppedB.haveshoppedC.hadshoppedD.havebeenshopping14.—Why,Jack,youlooksotired!—Well,I____thehouseandImustfinishtheworktomorrow.(2023江蘇)A.waspaintingB.willbepaintingC.havepaintedD.havebeenpainting15.—We’vespenttoomuchmoneyrecently.—Well,itisn’tsurprising.Ourfriendsandrelatives______aroundallthetime.(2023安徽)A.arecomingB.hadcomeC.werecomingD.havebeencoming16.Tom___inthelibraryeverynightoverthelastthreemonths.(2023北京)A.worksB.workedC.havebeenworkingD.hadbeenworking17.ItismostinstructivelecturethatI___sinceIcametothisschool.(2023湖南〕A.attendedB.hadattendedC.amattendingD.haveattended1.WhenMarkopenedthedoor,hesawawomanstandingthere.He________________(neversee)herbefore.2.ItisthesecondtimethatI_________(be)inShanghai.3.HesaidhewouldwritelasttimebutI________________(neverhear)fromhimsincethen.QuizII:用所給動(dòng)詞的正確時(shí)態(tài)填充。

neverseenhadhavebeenhaveneverheard4.Lucy___________________(consider)goingbacktohiscompanysincedaysagobutshehasn’tmadeherfinaldecision.5.Iamreallytired.I_________________(paint)thelivingroomalldayandstillneedonemorehour.6.ShewasdoinganimportantexperimentwhenIfoundherandshe_____________(notfinish)it.hasbeenconsideringhavebeenpaintinghasn’tfinishedLanguagepoints1carryout實(shí)施執(zhí)行carryoutanexperiment/aplan/anordercarryon進(jìn)行繼續(xù)goontodosth繼續(xù)做另一件事情goondoingsth繼續(xù)同一件事情〔不停止〕goonwithsth〔休息/中斷后〕繼續(xù)做未完的事情Aftertheyhadreadthetext,thestudentswenton______(do)theexercisesThestudentswenton______(talk)allthewayAfterarest,wewenton____ourlessontodotalkingwith2separatevi&vt分開(kāi)隔離adj別離的各自的separateAfromB把A與B別離〔A，B屬于靠在一起的兩個(gè)局部〕=Abe/getseparatedfromBHeseparatedhisdaughterfromherboyfriend區(qū)別：divideAintoB把A分成B〔A是整體分成B份〕Let’sdividethecakeinto4partsdividesthamong/betweensb在某些人中分割某物Aswejoinedthebigcrowd,Igot____frommyfriend.AseparatedBsparedClostDmissed高考連接

Whenwe____afteralongwalk,wefoundthechildrensleepingin______bedsAseparated;separateBseparated;separatedCseparate;separateDseparate;separated3basen根基根底，基地,底座〔具體的〕v以……為根底baseAon/uponB把A建立在B的根底上=Abebasedon/uponB他的報(bào)告是以事實(shí)為根底的Hisreportisbasedonfacts區(qū)別：basisn根底〔抽象的〕onthebasisof在……的根底上basicadj根底的根本的4takeoffTakeyourcoatoff

脫掉Theplanewilltakeoffsoon.

起飛Hewilltake2weeksoff

休假

Theyaretaking50%offallgoodsintheshop

打折Hiscareertookoffatlast

成功5lately：recentlyadv最近近來(lái)late:adj/adv遲的晚的latest：adj最近的最新的later：adjlate的比較級(jí)adv后來(lái)以后lateronHecomes/is______Thisisthe______news______

the

boy

found

his

motherWhat

have

you

been

doing______?latelatestLaterlately6taketurnstodosth/atdoingsth輪流做某事=dosthbyturns

我們輪流做飯Wetaketurnstomake/atmakingdinnerIt’sone’sturntodosth

輪到某人做某事Thewheelofhistorycannotbeturnedback.

歷史的車(chē)輪不能倒轉(zhuǎn)。阻止，阻擋

Ourpapershavetobeturnedinoneweekbeforetheexamination.

我們的論文必須在考試一周前交上去。Inwinter,waterturnsintoice.

冬天水變成了冰。上交變成Whenyouplaycards,eachplayerplaysinturn.

玩牌的時(shí)候大家輪流出牌。輪流TheboywantedtojointheRedArmybutwasturneddownbecausehewasunderage.男孩要求參加紅軍，但因?yàn)槟昙o(jì)小沒(méi)有被同意。拒絕夜深了，他還沒(méi)有入睡，不時(shí)在床上翻來(lái)翻去。Itwaslateatnight.Hehadnotyetfallenasleep,turningoverinbedfromtimetotime.

翻轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)來(lái)；翻身

turnoff/on關(guān)閉/翻開(kāi)turnover翻身，反復(fù)考慮，翻〔書(shū)頁(yè)〕，翻轉(zhuǎn)turnout證明為，結(jié)果，制造/培養(yǎng)turnto轉(zhuǎn)向，求助turndown調(diào)低，拒絕turnback返回，轉(zhuǎn)回去turnround轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)身來(lái)turnup向上翻，露面，出現(xiàn)，音量調(diào)大turnin上繳turnupsidedown把倒置，弄得亂七八糟1.She’shavingalotoftroublewiththenewcomputer,butshedoesn’tknowwhomto______.〔2007重慶〕

A.turntoB.lookforC.deal