2023年考研外語模擬試題3

考研外語模擬試題3

一、UseofEnglish

1、TheBibleisthegreatworkofthereligiousliterature

andwasinprocessofformationforabouttwelvehundredyears.

TheBibleiscomposedof[1],legend,biography,genealogies,

ethics,law,proverbialwisdom,sermons,prophesy,lyric

poetry,hymnsandtheology.Itisnotonly[2]abookbuta

[3]ofbooks.

TheBible[4]twomajor【5】，theOldTestamentandthe

NewTestament.TheOldTestamentwaswrittenoriginallyalmost

entirely[6]HebrewwithalittleAramaic,fromtheeleventh

tothesecondcenturyBC.Itisthenational[7]literatureof

thepeopleofIsrael.TheNewTestamentwaswritteninGreek

fromabout40ADto150.It[8]theearliestdocuments[9]

thelife,teaching,crucifixionandresurrectionofJesusand

theestablishmentofthe[10]church.The[11]workisfromthe

firstbookGenesis,tothelast,Revelations.

The[12]andrichnessoftheBible[13]literature[14]the

OldTestamentareunparalleled.Intheliterary[15],poetry,

TheBibleis[16].

TheBibleisanassemblageofliterature.Itisinaunique

[17]amongtheworld'sbooks[18]therichnessofits[19]

andspiritualvalues.Itcanbecalledthe[20]ofbooks.

(1)

A.fiction

B.history

C.novel

D.drama

2、(2)

A.presumably

B.shortly

C.presently

D.simply

3、(3)

A.collection

B.constitution

C.criticism

D.contradiction

4、(4)

A.makes

B.moderates

C.comprises

D.composes

5、(5)

A.diversion

B.distinction

C.divisions

D.discrepancy

6、(6)

A.on

B.by

C.with

D.in

7、(7)

A.permanent

B.religious

C.identical

D.theoretical

8、(8)

A.contains

B.contaminates

C.commends

D.commences

9、(9)

A.through

B.on

C.within

D.by

10、(10)

A.Catholic

B.contemporary

C.Christian

D.confidential

IK(H)

A.vast

B.valid

C.verbal

D.virtual

⑵(12)

A.divorce

B.distress

C.dismay

D.diversity

13、(13)

A.as

B.for

C.of

D.by

14、(14)

A.traditionally

B.conversely

C.especially

D.practically

15、(15)

A.standard

B.form

C.stand

D.formation

16、(16)

A.cunning

B.promising

C.underlying

D.surpassing

17、(17)

A.place

B.venue

C.position

D.site

18、(18)

A.for

B.on

C.in

D.to

19、(19)

A.greedy

B.artistic

C.practical

D.absurd

20、(20)

A.chapter

B.poem

C.romance

D.book

二、ReadingComprehension

1、PartA

Directions:Readthefollowingfourtexts.Answerthequestions

beloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.(40points)

Ifsoldieringwasforthemoney,theSpecialAirService(SAS)

andtheSpecialBoatService(SBS)wouldhavedisintegratedin

recentyears.Suchhasbeentheexplosioninprivatemilitary

companies(PMCs)thattheyemployanestimated30,000inIraq

alone一andnogovernmentcanmatchtheirfatsalaries.Ayoung

SAStrooperearnsabout￡2,000($3,500)amonth;onthe

“circuit”,assoldierscalltheprivateworld,hecouldget

￡15,000.Whywouldhenot?

Forreasonsbothwarm-heartedandcool-headed.First,forlove

ofregimentandcomrades,bondsthattendtobetightestinthe

mostselectunits.Second,fortheoperationalsupport,notably

fieldmedicine,andthesecurity,includinglifeassuranceand

pension,thatcomewiththequeen'spaltryshilling.

Althoughtherehasbeennohaemorrhagingofspecialforce(SF)

fighterstotheprivatesector,therehasbeenenoughofa

trickletocauseofficialunease.Amemorecentlycirculated

intheMinistryofDefencedetailedthelossof24SFsenior

non-commissionedofficerstoprivatecompaniesinthepastyear.

Allhadcompleted22yearsofservice,andsowereeligiblefor

afullpension,andneartheendoftheircareers.Yetthere

isnowashortageofhard-bittenveteranstofilltrainingand

otherjobsearmarkedforthem,underasystemforretainingthem

knownas“continuance”.

Americahasrespondedtotheproblembythrowingcashatit,

offeringincentivesofupto$150,000tosignnewcontracts.

TheMinistryofDefencehasfoundacheaperploy.Ithasspread

thestoryoftwoBritishPMCemployees,recentlykilledinIraq,

whosebodieswereleftrottinginthesun.

Itcanbeinferredfromthefirstparagraphthat______.

A.theprivateworldiscalled"circuit"bysoldiers

B.PMCsemployanestimated30,000soldiersinIraqalone

C.Britain'sbestsoldiersstandresoluteagainstmammon

D.AyoungSBStrooperearnsabout￡15,000

2、

Theword"security“inthesecondparagraphmostprobably

means.

A.protection

B.document

C.certificate

D.safety

3、

Paragraph2iswrittento.

A.advancebothwarm-heartedandcool-headedcauses

B.reinteratethesignificanceofqueen'spaltryshilling

C.shed1ightontheloveofregimentandcomrades

D.interpretwhyyoungSAStrooperswouldnotget￡15,000

4、

Theconclusioncanbemadefromthethirdparagraphthat.

A.theMinistryofDefencedetailed24SBStroopers

B.thefatsalariesbytheprivatemilitarycompanieshave

workedtosomeSFtroopers

C.thepresentsystemforretaininghard-bittenveteransis

impeccable

D.20yearsofserviceunderliesafullpension

5、

Inthelastparagraphofthetext,theauthorhas.

A.commentonatip

B.anticipatearesult

C.madeacontrast

D.depictasample

6^AsanydiplomatfromBritain,AustriaorTurkeycantell

you,handlingthelegacyofavanished,far-flungempireisa

trickybusiness.ButforGeorgia,thegapbetweenoldgloryand

presentvulnerabilityisespeciallywide.

Today,sGeorgiaisdiminishedbywar,buffetedbygeopolitics

andrecoveringfrompost-Sovietchaos.But800yearsagothe

countrywasamightymilitary,culturalandecclesiastical

force.Itsgreatestmonarch,QueenTamara,defeatedmanyfoes

(includingherfirsthusband)andbuiltfinemonuments.Inher

9

time,GeorgiaalsohadabigstakeintheChristianlifeofthe

HolyLand.FromJerusalemtotheBalkans,Georgia(spriests,

artistsandchurch-builderswereactiveandrespected.Sotoo

wereitspoets,likeShotaRustaveli,thenationalbardwho

dedicatedanepictohisbelovedqueen.

Inbetweenseekingwesternaidandcopingwithpowercuts,

modernGeorgiahaspledgedtokeepawaryeyeoneveryplace

wherechurches,inscriptionsandfrescoestestifytoitsgolden

age.ThatincludesGreece,Turkey,Bulgaria,Romaniaandabove

all,Israel.Lastyear,Georgianswereenragedwhenafresco

ofRustaveli,inaJerusalemchurchunderthecareoftheGreek

OrthodoxPatriarchate,wasdefaced,thenbadlyrestored.This

year,abetterrestorationwasdone,butGeorgiansnowwanta

promisethatinallfuturerestorationtheirownexpertscan

takepart.TheyalsowanttostoptheseepageofGeorgian

frescoesandicons,supposedlyunderthePatriarchate'scare,

ontotheartmarket.Severaltimes,Georgiahashadtouseits

meagreresourcestobuybackpiecesofthenationalheritage.

Thehopeisthatthingswillimprovewiththerecentelection

ofanewJerusalemPatriarch,afterhispredecessorwasousted

underacloudofscandal.

Georgia，stieswithIsraelaregood,thankstoathriving

Georgian-Jewishcommunitywithhappymemoriesofitshomeland.

GeorgiaalsogetsalongwithGreece,amidafugof

sentimentalityoverlegendsabouttheArgonautsthat1inkthe

twonations.Butcanthesewarm,fuzzyfeelingstranslateinto

betterprotectionforanancientculture?Thatwillbea

challengeforGeldBezhuashvili,whosucceedsSalome

Zourabichvili,theFrench-borndiplomatwhowassacked,after

apowerstruggle,asGeorgianforeignministeronOctober19th.

Theword“tricky“inthefirstparagraphofthetextdenotes

A.deceptive

B.crafty

C.tough

D.tacit

7、

Accordingtothetext,Georgiausedtobeinfluentialin

A.religion

B.agronomy

C.medicine

D.horticulture

8、

Romaniaismentionedinthetextto.

A.illustrateafrescoofRustaveli

B.demonstratethewesternaidGeorgiaobtained

C.indicateGeorgia，sgoldenage

D.specifythescopeofGeorgia'slookout

9、

ItcanbeinferredfromthetextthattheprospectofGeorgia's

heritageprotection.

A.istobeapowerstruggle

B.isliabletobecomebetter

C.istobeacloudofscandal

D.islikelytobecomeactiveandrespected

10、

Theauthor,sattitudetowardthetransformationmentionedin

thelastparagraphis.

A.affirmative

B.critical

C.negative

D.cautious

11>Fearseemstobethedominantmoodofthemoment.

Hurricanes,tidalwaves,floods,earthquakesandterrorism

thisyearhaveallbroughtwiththemnotonlyappallingscenes

ofdevastation,deathandsuffering,butalsooutrageatthe

lackofpreparationstoavoidorcopewiththesedisasters.Now

eventhebirdsoftheairareathreat,wearetold.That

migratingflockvisibleOnthehorizonatsunset,oncea

consolingreminderoftheeternalrhythmsofnature,couldbe

carryingtheviruswhichmightsoonkilltensofmillionsof

people.

Giventhemanyfingerspointedatgovernmentsinthewakeof

otherdisastersthisyear,itishardlysurprisingthatthey

arescramblingtorespondtothethreatposedbyavianinfluenza.

AfterconfirmationthisweekthattheH5N1strainofbirdflu,

whichhasbeenspreadingquicklyinAsia,hadbeendiscovered

inRomaniaandperhapsGreece,EuropeanUnionforeignministers

convenedanemergencymeeting.PresidentGeorgeBush,still

smartingfromatorrentofcriticismofhisgovernment(sclumsy

responsetoHurricaneKatrina,haspromisedtorushout

emergencyplansfordealingwithanoutbreakofpandemicflu

whichhavebeenstalledforyears.Countriesaroundtheworld

arehurryingtostockpiletheonlycurrentantiviraldrug,

Tamifln,whichmightbeeffectiveinsavinglivesinany

pandemicorcurbingitsspread.TheWorldHealthOrganisation

iscallingforaninternationallycoordinatedeffort.Health

ministersfromaroundtheglobeareduetomeetnextweekin

Canadatodiscusswhatstepstotake.

Isanyofthiseffortjustified?Orarepoliticianssimply

helpingtofeedpublicpanic,andthencoveringthemselvesby

promisingtospendlavishlyagainstathreatwhichmaynever

materializeandtoreduceariskwhichtheydonotunderstand?

Toaskthesequestionsisnottocounselcomplacency,butto

applythekindoftestwhichisrequiredinanykindofdisaster

planning,notleastbecausetheworldisaninherently

dangerousplaceanditisimpossibletoplanagainstevery

possibledisaster.Withthemediafullofwarningsofimpending

massdeath,anoverreactionisalltoopossible.

Itcanbeinferredfromthefirstparagraphthat.

A.strongresentmentresultedfromthelackofpreparations

tocopewithrecentdisasters

B.thedominantmoodofthemomentresultedintheappalling

scenesofdevastation

C.tensofmillionsofpeoplecouldcarrythevirusonthe

horizon

D.reminderoftheeternalrhythmsofnatureemergedatsunset

toavoidthesedisasters

12、

Accordingtothetext,Americanemergencyplansforcoping

withanoutbreakofpandemicflu.

A.havebeenstipulated

B.havebeenenacted

C.havebeenabolished

D.havebeendelayed

13、

Whichofthefollowingremarksonouravailableantiviral

medicationwouldtheauthormake?

A.Effectivebutpoisonous.

B.Harmfulbutpopulous.

C.Meagerandnotreliable.

D.Affordableandpalatable.

14、

Thephrase"notleast"inthelastbutonesentenceofthetext

means.

A.atmost

B.notatall

C.marginally

D.particularly

15、

Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphofthetextthat

A.strongandintenseresponsederivefromthemassmedia

B.theattemptstobemadecannolongerbejustifiedbytheir

intention

C.publicpanicwouldbedilutedbypoliticians'promise

D.theonlyremedyistospendlavishlyagainstathreat

16、Theideaisasaudaciousasitaltruistic:providea

personallaptopcomputertoeveryschoolchild—particularlyin

thepoorestpartsoftheworld.Thefirststeptomakingthat

happeniswhittlingthepricedownto$100.Andthatisthegoal

ofagroupofAmericantechno-gurusledbyNicholasNegroponte,

thefounderofthefabledMITMediaLab.Whenheunveiledthe

ideaattheWorldEconomicForuminJanuaryitseemedwildly

ambitious.Butsurprisingly,itisstartingtobecomeareality.

Mr.NegroponteplanstodisplaythefirstprototypeinNovember

ataUNsummit.Fourcountries一Brazil,Egypt,Thailandand

SouthAfrica一havesaidtheywillbuyoverImunitseach.

Productionisduetostartinlate2022.

Howisthegroup,calledOneLaptopPerChild(OLPC),ableto

createalaptopsoinexpensively?Itismainlyamatterof

cleverlycombiningexistingtechnologiesinnewways.The

laptopwillhaveabasicprocessormadebyAMD,flashmemory

insteadofaharddisk,willbepoweredbybatteriesora

hand-crank,andwillrunopen-sourcesoftware.The$100laptop

alsoputsallthecomponentsbehindthescreen,notunderthe

keyboard,sothereisnoneedforanexpensivehinge.Sofar,

OLPChasgotthepricedowntoaround$130.

Butgoodnewsfortheworld'spoor,maynotbesuchgreatnews

fortheworld,scomputermanufacturers.Thenewmachineisnot

simplyofinterestinthedevelopingworld.OnSeptember22nd,

MittRomney,thegovernorofMassachusetts,saidthestate

shouldpurchaseoneforeverysecondary-schoolstudent,when

theybecomeavailable.

Salestoschoolsarejustonewayinwhichthe$100laptopcould

changethecomputerindustrymorebroadly.Bydepressingprices

andfuellingthetrendfor“good-enoughcomputing”,where

customersupgradelessoften,itcouldeventuallyputpressure

ontheworld'sbiggestPC-makers.

Accordingtothetext,whichofthefollowingisbeyondthe

public'santicipation?

A.Theideaofcheaptrickisstartingtocometrue.

B.OLPCisabletocreatesoinexpensivelaptops.

C.Everysecondary-schoolstudentwillpurchasea$100laptop.

D.Salestoschoolsarejustonewaytodisplaythefirst

prototype.

17、

ThecreationOfthecheaplaptopmentionedinthetextrelies

on.

A.hi-techinnovationbyexperiencedscientists

B.novelmeansofcombination

C.basicprocessorsmanufacturedbyAMD

D.thestate-of-artfacilitiesandequipment

18、

Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthat.

A.SouthAfricahasclaimedthatitwillpurchaseoverone

millionunits

B.theideaisasaudaciousasitaltruistic

C.theflashmemorywillbesupplantedbyaharddisk

D.thedesiredpriceofthelaptophasnotbeenreachedyet

19、

MittRomneyismentionedinthetextsoasto.

A.evidencethecauseforthedisappointmentofthe

internationalcomputermakersinthegoalofOLPC

B.illustrategoodnewsfortheworld'spoor

C.appealtheworld'scomputermanufacturers

D.analysethepsychologicalreactiontothecheaptrick

advancedbyOLPC

0￡

上18

20、

Basedonthelastparagraph,whichofthefollowingistrue?

A.Everysecondary-schoolstudentwillbegranteda$100

laptopinnotime.

B.A$100laptopforthepoorcouldaffectthecomputer

industry.

C.Thecomputerindustrycouldbechangedwithinarestricted

range.

D.Theworld'sbiggestPC-makerscouldbeexemptedfrom

pressur

21、PartB(10points)

Youaregoingtoreadatextabouthowtokeepyourjob,followed

byalistofimportantexamples.Choosethebestexamplefrom

thelistA-Fforeachnumberedsubheading(41-45).Thereisone

extraexamplewhichyoudonotneedtouse.Markyouranswers

onANSWERSHEET1.

Ascompaniescontinuetocutcosts,thedaysoffrequent

promotionsareadistantmemory.Soarethedaysofendless

opportunitiestoshowoffyourskills.Layoffsurvivors,faced

withfeweroptionsarefindingthemselvesincareer

purgatory—there'snowayupandnowayout.Aftertalkingto

careercoaches,managers,recruiters,andpsychologists,

Fortuneputtogethereighttipstohelpworkersbreakfreefrom

theinertia.

41.Avoidtakingcover

Don'thideoutbehindyourcomputer."Youshouldreallywork

toincreaseormaintainthevisibilitythatyouhave,“says

DavidOpton,founderandCEOofcareermanagementfirmExecuNet.

Buildacircleofallies

Fortifyyourcurrentrelationshipsandworkonmakingnewones,

bothwithinandoutsidetheoffice."Allieswillbehelpfulin

termsoflettingyouknowinformation,likeifthere'sajob

possibilitythatcomesup,“saysDeeSoder,founderoftheCEO

PerspectiveGroup.Whoyouknowcanmakeabigdifference,

especiallyindifficulttimes.

42.Loaduponnewtools

Thisistheperfecttimetoacquirenewexpertise.(Iftheboss

can'tpay,doitonyourown.)

43.Lookbeyondyourjobdescription

Peopledon'tgetpromotionsjustbecausetheydotheirjobswel1;

theygetpromotionsbecausetheytakeinitiative.LaurenDoliva,

apartneratrecruitingfirmHeidrickStrugglesInternational,

hasaclientlookingtohireaCOO.

44.ManageyourownPR

“Doingwellispartproductivityandpartpublicity,says

MarilynMoatsKennedy,amanagingpartneratCareerStrategies.

Becreative

Remember,saysDoliva,“peoplehireustothink,notjustto

do.”Thisistheperfecttimetotackletheprojectthatyou've

alwayswishedyouhadmoretimefor.Soderrecommends

schedulinganhoureachdaytoworkonextrathingssuchasnew

initiativesorwaystoimproveyourjoborthatofthoseabove

you.

Takeresponsibilityforyoursuccess

Beproactive,notreactive.SaysKennedy:"Ifyou'rewaiting

forsomethingtohappentoyou,it'snotgoingtobeanything

positive.Figureoutyourgoalsandletmanagersknowwhatthey

are;identifyyourweaknessesandworkonthem;findbetterways

toharnessyourstrengths.Fornontangibleskills—leadership,

management,communication一coachesrecommendhiringacoach.

AclientofSoder'swasputintoanewmanagementrole,but

didn'tfeellikeshehadwhatittooktooverseeabiggerteam.

Shewentoutandhiredacoachwhohelpedherlearnhowto

interactwithtopexecutivesaswellashowtorunabigger

territory.Shehassincebeenpromotedagain.

Takingresponsibilityforyourownsuccessissomething

everyoneshoulddo,regardlessofexternalfactors.Otherwise

you,reheadingstraightforburnout.

45.Adjustyourattitude

Don,tpanic.Eventhoughtheeconomyisinarecession,your

careerisnotcomingtoanend.Howyoulookatthesituation

willhaveabigimpactonwhetheryoustaystuckormoveahead.

“Onecanchoosetosaythereisnoopportunityoronecanchoose

tolookforit,“saysDoliva.Infact,manycoachesbelievethat

beingstuckisjustastateofmind.

[A]Letpeopleknowwhenyouaccomplishsomethingorwhenyou

putintheextraefforttogetaprojectdoneearly.Without

beingcheesy,makesurethatyou'regivingofftherightvibes

bykeepingapositiveattitude,avoidingemotionaloutbursts,

andappearingcalmandorganized.Anddon，tforgettolookthe

part.

22、(42)

23、(43)

24、(44)

25、(45)

26、PartC

Directions:Readthefollowingtextcarefullyandthen

translatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.(10points)

Readthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatethe

underlinedsegmentsintoChinese.Yourtranslationshouldbe

writtenclearlyonANSWERSHEET2.

Theproducedepartmentsofthefuturemaylooklikenothingon

earth,andwithgoodreason.Chinesescientistshavebeen

growingtomatoesthesize