服裝設計外文翻譯文獻

服裝設計外文翻譯文獻服裝設計外文翻譯文獻(文檔含中英文對照即英文原文和中文翻譯)

原文:TrendpredictionTrendpredictioninformationismuchbroaderthan‘fashionprediction’inthatitmaynotbespecificallyrelatedtofashion.Trendsarerecordedandtrendpredictors(lookingforpatternsofhumanbehaviour,indicatingchangingmarketsornewconsumerneeds)constantlymonitorthemediaandsociety.Manyindustriesusetrendpredictiontoforecastrelevantchangesandplanproductdevelopment,forexampletheinterestinallthingsspiritualwasforecastbyFaithPopcorn,initiallyinthe‘PopcornReport’andwasdevelopedandcontinuedin‘Clicking’.Spiritualityisseenintheinterestofsuchthingsas‘FengShui’whichisapopularapproachtointeriordesign.Bookstoresnowhaveshelvesdedicatedtospirituality,asindividualslookinwardstodiscoverthemselvesinafast-movingworld.Thefashionpredictionconsultancyreliesonexpertsinavarietyoffieldsforitsstructure.Theyhavepersonnelallovertheworldtohelpingatheringintelligence.Thefull-timestaffingofaconsultancygenerallyconsistsoftheeditorwhocreatesthecompanyphilosophy.Thepublisher,onthetechnicalside,putstheinformationtogether.Theretailingandmerchandisingprofessionalsandfashiondirectorsworkonconsultancyforindividualclients,byapplyingthegeneralfashiontrendsmorespecificallytotheirneeds.Theymustbeskilledin,andawareof,avarietyofmarkets.Thiscould,forexample,involvedevelopingexclusivecollectionstrategies,conceptsanddesignsforspinners,weavers,textileprinters,men’s,women’sandchildren’sgarments,shoeandaccessorymanufacturersandforretailer’sprivatelabels.Theymayalsobeexpectedtosellsubscriptionstothepublicationstonewclients.Theobjectiveistoworkcloselywiththeclienttodeterminetheirconcerns,goalsandpotentialcustomerswithaviewtotailor-makingadesignsolution.Thesuccessofpredictioncompaniesreliesonpinpointingtrendsanddevelopingtheseforindividualmarketsattherighttime!Trendsmaybeaffectedbysocial,cultural,politicalandeconomicmoods,aswellasevolutionsinlifestyle,technologicaldevelopments,mediaandretailing.Thisinformationistappedandrecordedbyinternationalcorrespondentswhoprovideup-to-dateintelligencefromfashioncapitals,suchasLondon,Paris,Milan,NewYork,FlorenceandTokyo.Thedesignteamdetermineshowthisintelligenceaffectsfashionandconsumerawareness.Designers/Illustratorsareemployedwithdesignskillsinmenswear,womenswearandchildrenswear,andillustrationskillsininterpretinganddevelopingsilhouettethemes,knitandwovensamples,printstoriesandaccessories.Theyvisualisenewideasdevelopedfromthetrendinformationandconsidercarefullyfigureproportionsandstylizationsothatanypersonnel,usingtheservice,canunderstandwhatissuggestedbythevisual.Internationalagentspromoteandselltheservicetoclientsworldwide,forexampleinLosAngeles,Tokyo,LondonandParis.ColourColouristhefirstconsiderationofseasonandisproducedforautumn/winterandspring/summerranges.Thecolourisputintodye18monthsaheadofthespecifiedseason(someclientsmayrequirethisinformationupto2yearsearlier,butthismaynotbeshowninthefinalpresentationbox).Fibreandfabricmanufacturersrequireadvancedinformationregardingcolourastheyhavetodeveloptheirproductearlyenoughfordesignersandgarmentmanufacturerstobuyitandinturndeveloptheirproduct.Presentationpacksareusuallypresentedwithafixedrangeofcolourandaremovablerangesothatclientscandeveloptheirowncolourcombinations.Colourpackagesareincludedinthesubscriptionpriceandmaybesoldseparatelytoclientswhoonlyrequirecolourinformationandnottherestoftheservice.Thefollowsthesettingofthemoodforanewseasonbydevelopingfabricandsilhouettethemes.Predictionconsultanciesproduceavarietyofmaterialsandpublicationsfortheirclients.Directionalthemesandfull-figuresilhouetteillustrationsofmenswear,womenswearandchildrensweartogetherwithaccessoriesareshown.Includedinthepublicationmaybeexclusivehandloomsforwovens,knitsandprintsproducedbyfreelanceandin-housedesigners.Commercialfabricsmaybepublishedatthistime,derivedfromfabricfairssuchas,PremiereVision,InterstoffandPrato.Thesearecreatedfromhandcutandstuckswatchesofdirectionalfabricsrelatingtotheseason’spreviouslypredictedthemes.ThefashionpredictiondesignprocessOnepublicationisworkedinatatime(theremaybe12-oneamonth,ormore,dependinguponthesizeoftheconsultancyanditsbreadthofexpertise).Acompanythatdevelopsitsownthematicmaterialwillholdasuccessionofmeetingswiththecoreteamresultingindecisionsbeingmaderegardingtheamountandcontentofthethemesforaparticularseason,includingevocativenames.Thisisachievedbydiscussion.Eachindividualstateswhattheyfellwillbeastrongtrendinthecomingseason.Whereoneideaisrepeatedbyseveralmembersitisincorporatedintotheplanforthebook.Wheresimilarideasarementionedtheyareamalgamatedtoformastrongandidentifiabletrend.Acolourpaletteisdecidedupon.Thecoloursaredividedintogroupscorrespondingwiththethemes.Somecoloursunavoidablyoverlap,butasmainandaccentcoloursaltertheoverallimpression,eachthemeissufficientlydifferent.Thedesignersthenstartdesigning.Thewallsarecoveredwithtearsheetsfrommagazines,separatedintoappropriatethemesasinspiration.Photographsfromthetradefairsareusedforguidanceondesigndetails.Fabricsarethendiscussedinconjunctionwiththedesignersdesigningthegarments.Itisimportanttoconsiderthebalanceofouterwearandseparatesfabrics.Whendecided,lengthsoffabricandanyinterestingaccessoriesareorderedtoprovideswatchesforthebooks.Afterthedesignsarecompletedtheyareillustratedwithreferencetoparticularmarketsand‘lifestyles’andtocapturethe‘essenceofthethemes’.Technicaldrawingsarealsoproduced,eitherbythedesignteamorbyfreelanceillustrators.Samplesofknitwearandnewtextilesmaybecommissionedwhichwillbephotographedforthebooks.Moodboards,containingvisuals,fabricandtrim,depictingthethemes,arecompleted.Themoodboardsaresentawaytobephotographedandreturnastransparencies.Duringtheprocessofcompilation,agentsworldwidewillhaveseensecuringoldandnewclients,towhomthebookswillbesentoncompletion.amastercopyofthebookiscompiledandsenttotheprinterstohaveasamplecopyprintedandbound.Thecopyischeckedforanymistakesbeforethebookgoesintoproduction.Travelisanimportantaspectoffashionresearchandvisitingtradefairsallowsreportstobecompiledwhichobservenotonlytrendsapparentfromtheexhibitors’displays,butalsofromthepeople(whoaremainlyfromthefashionindustry)astheywalkaroundtheshows.Thisexercisehelpstounderstandthedifferencesininternationalfashion,whichisimportantwhencateringforforeignclients.ThemedevelopmentFashionpredictionforanewseasonisusuallypromotedasaseriesof‘themes’.Thesearedesignedtoinspireanddirectthedesignerforanumberofmarkets.Themes,often,aregivennamestoevokefeelingsandmoodsandreflectthecontentofthetheme.Eachthememayappealtooneormoremarketsandrequiresinterpretationfromthedesignertodevelopfortheirparticularmarket.Oftenthepredictioncompanyofferssomeconsultationtothedesignerwhichishelpfulinthisdevelopment.Marketsareusuallydefinedbycostofthemerchandise.Nowadaysthemarketsreferredtohavevaguenamessuchasboutique,fashionaware,betterend,pmdressing.Thisismorereflectiveofchangesin‘lifestyle’.Thesecanbeinterpretedintocustomersbuyingfrom:Lowermarket–budget;lowermiddle–highstreet,chainstores;middle–independentlabelsanddepartmentstores;uppermiddle–designerdiffusion;upper–designer.Fashionpredictionthemeshaveoftenbeenveryliteralintheirnature:nauticalwouldshowstripedsweatersandsailorhats;utilityalwaysinvolvedungareesofsomedescriptionandmultiplepockets.Achic,tailoredlookmaywellinvolveaFrenchberet.Itisimportantthatvisualcodesareidentifiableandmeansimilarthingstodifferentpeople.Theillustrationmustworkhardtoconveyamood,anattitude,inthepose,thatconvincesthevieweraboutthesortofpersonthatisbeingtargeted.Similarly,atotallookisalwayshelpfulbecauseaccessoriescancontributetonotonlythecommunicationofthetheme,butmayalsoconveythetypeofpersonwhowouldwearthe‘look’.Itisimportantthattheproportionisbelievableandthattheinformationisclear.Themesnowadaysarelessliteralandaremoreaboutmixingideastogethertocreatesomethingfresher.‘Lifestyle’hasbecomeimportant,consequentlythemesmaynotbeputintoanevocativesettingwhichhelpstocreatethecorrectmood.Lessclothingdetailisonviewbutthemessageallowsthedesignertomaketheirowninterpretations.NewusesoftechnologyhaveresultedinthedevelopmentoftheWorthGlobalStyleNetwork(WGSN)whoproduceacomprehensiveon-lineservicetofashionindustry.Memberspayanannualsubscriptiontoviewthefullsite;studentsmayvisitaneducationalversionfreeofcharge(foralimitedperiod).Theservicesavailableare:newsupdatesdaily;women’s,men’s,youthandchildren’strends;cityreportsfromLondon,Paris,Milan,NewYorkandTokyoplusseasonalreportsfromnewandtrendsettingareas;internationaltradefaircalendar;lifestylereports-consumerattitudes,evolvingbuyingpatterns,seasonalphasing;catwalkshowsandtradeeventreports;graphicslibraries;resourcelistings;licensingreports–brands,films,sportsevents;mailboxproblemsandsolutions;technicalandproductionnews–garmentandfabrictechnology,dyeingandfinishing,printtechniques,footwearandleathergoodstechnology.

譯文:流行趨勢預測流行趨勢預測信息所包含的內(nèi)容要比時裝預測豐富得多，原因是其不一定與時裝有關。流行趨勢是會被記錄下來的。趨勢預測者（尋找人類行為特點，指出變化中的市場或新興的消費需求）會對媒體及社會不斷地進行監(jiān)測。許多行業(yè)都使用趨勢預測來預測相關變化并制定產(chǎn)品開發(fā)計劃。例如，費絲?波普康(FaithPopcorn)預測了人們對所有精神事物的興趣。最初是在《爆米花報告》（‘Popcornreport’)中進行的預測，后來又進行了擴展并繼續(xù)在《新爆米花報告》(‘Clicking’)中進行預測。人們認為精神性是符合諸如‘風水’此類東西的利益的?！L水’是室內(nèi)設計普遍采用的方法。當今的書店都設立了論述精神性書籍的書架，主要是由于現(xiàn)代世界變化迅猛，人們都希望進行內(nèi)省從而來發(fā)現(xiàn)自我。從事流行款式預測的咨詢公司只有依靠各領域的專家才能形成自己的體系。它們在世界各地均雇用人員來收集情報。咨詢公司的專職人員一般包括編輯（制定公司的宗旨），出版人（從技術的角度將信息匯總），零售與推銷專業(yè)人員及時裝經(jīng)理（為個人客戶提供咨詢，將時裝的總體趨勢更具體地用來滿足他們的需要）。這些人員必須具備必要的技能并了解各種市場。例如，這些技能可能包括開發(fā)獨特的收集戰(zhàn)略；紡紗機，織布機，紡織印花機，男人，婦女及兒童服裝的概念與設計；鞋子與附件的生產(chǎn)商，以及零售商的自有品牌。還有可能需要他們向新客戶銷售訂閱雜志。其目標是與客戶一起緊密合作，確定他們都關心些什么，他們的目標是什么及確定潛在客戶，以便制定個性化設計方案。預測公司的成功取決于準確確定趨勢并及時為個性化市場開發(fā)這些趨勢。趨勢受社會，文化，政治及經(jīng)濟氣氛以及生活方式的變化，技術發(fā)展，媒體與零售的影響。本信息是由國際記者開發(fā)并記錄的。他們從時裝之都，如倫敦，巴黎，米蘭，紐約，佛羅倫薩及東京，提供最新的情報。設計小組確定該情報會如何影響時裝及消費者們的意識。雇用了具有男女與兒童服飾設計技能及說明并開發(fā)廓形主題，針織與機織樣品，印花織物的詳情與附件說明技能的設計人員/說明人員。他們將從趨勢信息開發(fā)而來的新思維形象化并仔細考慮體形的比例及風格，以便使用服務的任何人員都能清楚視覺資料的含義。國際代理向世界各地，如洛杉磯，東京，倫敦及巴黎，的客戶推銷并銷售服務。預測流行色顏色是季節(jié)首要考慮的問題，是根據(jù)秋/冬及春/夏的類別而確定的。在所說季節(jié)到來之前的18個月用染料染出顏色（有些客戶最多可能要求提前兩年提供該信息，但最終的外觀盒可能沒有給出該信息。）。纖維及織物生產(chǎn)商要求提供顏色的超前信息，因為他們要提早開發(fā)出產(chǎn)品供設計人員及服裝生產(chǎn)商進行購買并轉(zhuǎn)而開發(fā)他們的產(chǎn)品。外觀盒的顏色通常是固定并可除去的，這樣客戶可開發(fā)自己的顏色。訂購價格中包括了彩色包裝。只需要顏色信息而不需要其他服務的客戶也可單獨購買彩色包裝。他們通過開發(fā)織物及廓型主題來確定新季節(jié)的色調(diào)。預測咨詢公司為客戶提供各種材料及雜志。它們給出指導性主題及包括附件在內(nèi)的男女，兒童服飾的完整廓型圖。雜志可能包括由從事自由職業(yè)的設計師及內(nèi)部設計師設計的獨特的手織機織物，針織物及印花織物。此時可能會發(fā)表來自織物博覽會，如PremiereVision,Interstoff與Prato，的商業(yè)織物，系與提前預測季節(jié)主題有關的指導性織物的手工裁剪及粘貼樣布。流行預測設計過程每次安排一期雜志（每月可能會安排12期或更多。這取決于咨詢公司的規(guī)模及專業(yè)能力）。開發(fā)自有主題材料的公司會與核心團隊召開一系列的會議來決定某一季節(jié)主題的數(shù)量及內(nèi)容，包括令人懷舊的名稱。他們是通過討論的方式做出決定的。每位與會者均應各抒己見，說出他們認為的下一季節(jié)的主流趨勢。如若數(shù)位與會者均由同一想法，則該想法會被包括在雜志的計劃中。如想法相似，則將這些想法融合在一起，得出主流及大家認同的趨勢。然后確定調(diào)色板。根據(jù)主題將顏色分成不同的小組。有些顏色會重復，這是不可避免的。但由于主要及重點顏色會改變總體印象，每個主題均是足夠不同的。然后設計者們開始進行設計。他們將從雜志上撕下的圖片貼在墻上并將圖片按相關主題分類以獲得靈感。他們還用從行業(yè)博覽會獲得的照片來指導設計細節(jié)。然后與設計服裝的設計者討論織物問題。重要的是要考慮