2022-2023學(xué)年浙江省山河聯(lián)盟高二下學(xué)期3月考試英語試題（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)精品試卷PAGEPAGE1浙江省山河聯(lián)盟2022-2023學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期3月考試英語試題第一部分：聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whatdoesthemandislikeabouttheroom?A.Thewall. B.Thepainting. C.Thecarpet.〖答案〗C〖原文〗M:Ilikethecoloryoupaintedthewalls.Whydidyoudecideonpurple?W:IwasinspiredbyamovieIsawlastmonth.M:Ithinkyoushouldgetanewcarpet.Thisonedoesn’tmatchanythingintheroom.2.Whatisthemangoingtodo?A.Goshopping. B.Makecakes. C.Cooklunch.〖答案〗A〖原文〗W:Wouldyoupickupadozeneggsandaliterofmilkforme?M:Sure.Doyouneedanythingforlunch?W:No.Waitaminute!Wouldyougetsomecake,too?3.Whydoesthewomanrefusetogodancingtonight?A.Shedoesn’tlikedancing.B.Sheplanstogetupearlytomorrow.C.Shewantstovisithergrandmathen.〖答案〗B〖原文〗M:Doyouwanttogooutdancingtoday?W:Ican’t.IpromisedmygrandmaI’dtakehertothemarketinthemorning.M:Wecouldstillgodancingtonight.W:ButIcan’tstayoutlatetonightandthengetupearlytomorrow.4.Whatwasthewoman’sproblem?A.Shegotlost. B.Sheranoutofoil. C.Shespentmuchonhercarrepairs.〖答案〗C〖原文〗M:Whatwastheproblem?W:TheguyintheshopsaidIhaveanoilleak.Itwilltakehimawhiletorepairit.It’sgoingtocostmeafortune.M:You’rejustluckyitstoppedworkingclosetoaservicestation.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Acity. B.Theweather. C.Aforecaster.〖答案〗B〖原文〗W:Ihopethetyphoonwon’tbetoobad.M:Me,too.Thelastonewashorrible.Itshutdownthecityfordays.W:Theforecastersaidit’sgoingtohittomorrowafternoon.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。6.Whatdidthemandolastmonth?A.Heattendedasalesmeeting.B.HetravelledaroundDetroit.C.Hewenttoanightschool.7.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inagym. B.Inaclassroom. C.Inanoffice.〖答案〗6.A7.A〖原文〗M:Sorrytobotheryou,butdidn’twemeetatasalesconferenceinDetroitlastmonth?W:Idon’tthinkso,butIbelievewetookthesamecourseatanightschoolafewmonthsago.M:Yes,that’sright.Irememberseeingyoutherenow.Ithoughtyoulookedveryfamiliar,butIjustcouldn’trecallwhereIhadmetyou.W:Well,ithasbeenafewmonths.Anyway,howlonghaveyoubeenworkingoutinthisfitnesscenter?聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。8.Whatdidthemandobeforehemetthewoman?A.Helookedforhisphone. B.Hefocusedonhiswork. C.Hehadadrink.9.Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheman’swords?A.Rude. B.Serious. C.Unbelievable.〖答案〗8.C9.C〖原文〗W:Thereyouare!I’vebeenwaitingforyouforthreehours.Wherehaveyoubeen?M:I’msorry.Iwasstuckinameetingandthen,whenweleft,abunchofpeoplewantedtogooutforadrink.W:Soyouwent?M:Yeah.Iwantedtocallyouonmycellphone,butIdidn’twanttoberude.W:Ohplease.Everybodyusescellphonesandifyouwerereallythatworriedaboutwhattheythought,youcould’vegoneoutsideforaminutetocallme.聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。10.Whatdidthemanorderforhismother’sbirthday?A.Adrink. B.Acake. C.Somechocolate.11.Whatcouldthewomanprobablybe?A.Acook. B.Awaitress. C.Amanager.12.Whatwillthemanprobablydonext?A.Haveameal. B.TalktoJohn. C.Seethemenu.〖答案〗10.B11.B12.C〖原文〗M:Hi,mynameisJamesCampbellandIreservedatableforfourat6pm.W:Letmecheckthelist.Yes,Ifoundyournamehere.We’vearrangedatablerightnexttothefireplaceforyou.Isitallrightwithyou?M:Sure.That’sperfect.Also,Iorderedaspecialchocolatecaketocelebratemymother’sbirthdaywhenItalkedtoyourmanager,John,onthephone.Isitready?W:Yes,we’llserveitafterthemealasyourequested.Wouldyouliketobeseatednow?I’llbringyousomethingtodrinkwhileyoulookatthemenu.聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。13.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inacafé. B.Inaclassroom. C.Inalibrary.14.Whatisthewoman’sopiniononherlastclass?A.Exciting. B.Boring. C.Useless.15.Whatistheman’sprofessorlike?A.Talkative. B.Inspiring. C.Thoughtful.16.Whatdoesthewomanplantodo?A.Sitinontheman’sclass.B.Haveatalkwithherprofessor.C.RegisterforWorldHistoryclass.〖答案〗13.A14.B15.B16.A〖原文〗W:Mmm.Thiscoffeeisreallystrong.M:Ilikeitthatway.W:SodoI.DuringmylastclassallIwasthinkingaboutwascominghereandtastingthecoffee.M:Soundslikeitwasn’ttooexciting.W:Iwasboredtodeath.I’minthatclassonlybecauseit’sarequirement,soIhavetostickitout.Doyouhaveanyclasseslikethat?M:Ihaveonlyonebiglectureclass—WorldHistory.Andtheprofessor’sthebest.It’ssointeresting.I’malwaysontheedgeofmyseat.Andwhenwehavediscussions,theroomisfilledwithelectricity.W:Toobad.IalreadytookWorldHistory.M:Youknow;IwasluckytobeinherclassbecauseIfoundmyselfthinkingalotaboutwhatshesaid.Youshouldcomewithmetoclasssometime,justtoseewhatImean.W:You’vegotmereallycuriousaboutthisteacher.IthinkI’lltakeyouuponyourideatovisityourclass.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。17.WhereisthePhotocopyRoom?A.Acrossfromtherestrooms.B.NeartheReadingRoom.C.TotheeastoftheCirculationDesk.18.Whatcanlistenersdointhestudyrooms?A.Doresearch. B.Checkoutbooks. C.Performinteractiveactivities.19.Whenwasthelibrarybuilt?A.1yearago. B.5yearsago. C.20yearsago.20.Whatisthespeakergoingtodonext?A.Answerthelisteners’questions. B.Showthelistenersaround. C.Presentsomebooks.〖答案〗17.A18.C19.C20.A〖原文〗M:Welcome!Pleasecomeinandgatheroverherearoundthetables.MynameisAdamSmith,andI’mthelibrarianhere.I’llshowyouaroundtodayandexplainhowtousethesefacilities.Now,we’reatthegateofthelibrary.Uponenteringthedoor,you’llfindthattherestroomsareonyourleft-handside,andoppositethemisaPhotocopyRoom.Manyofyouarewonderingaboutthecheck-inandcheck-outprocess.WhatyouhavetodoisgototheCirculationDesk,whichistotheeastofthePhotocopyRoom.TheReadingRoomisareallylargeareainthecenterofthelibrary,justtothenorthoftheCirculationDesk.I’msureyouwon’tmissit.Ifyou’reheretodoresearch,thisiswhereyoushouldbringbookstolookthrough.However,ifyou’reheretodoanygroupprojectsorotherinteractiveactivities,Iadviseyoutouseoneofthestudyrooms,whicharejusttotheeastoftheReadingRoom.Movingontothesoutheastcorner,wehavethePeriodicalsSection,justnexttothestudyrooms.Wehaveacollectionofdifferentnewspapersandmagazinesinthissection.Youcangetlastweek’sweatherreports,orallthetopstoriesfiveyearsago—someofourbookscangoback20yearstothetimewhenourschoollibrarywasbuilt.Ah,ourfirstquestion!Yes?第二部分:閱讀理解(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AFourplacestohearlivemusicoutdoorsForthosefondoflivemusic,headoutdoorswherelocalrestaurantsandbarsareprovidingfreshairentertainment.Hereare4placesonLongIslandthatarepopularwitheveryone:PORTSIDEBAR&GRILLOnMondaynightsatPortsideBar&Grilljointhe“PortsidePiratesPatio(露臺(tái))Party”wheremanyartistsperform30-40minuteseachfrom7-10p.m.“Playingoutdoorsyougetmoreenergyfromtheaudience,”singerMariaRosesays.“Theyarefullyengagedinthemusic.”SPOTLIGHTTheremaynotbemusicattheParamountinHuntingtonbutthevenue’sartbarSpotlightnextdoorisdeliveringlivemusicalongwithburgers(漢堡包)andcraftcocktailsatadozenoutdoortablesdailyfrom4-8p.m.“Werestructuredthingswhenweheardoutdoordiningisgoingtobebig,”saysmanagerJamesVisalli.Singer/GuitaristBrianRippswasthefirsttokickoffSpotlight’sgrandre-openingbymixingcoversongswithhisoriginals.KJFARRELL’SLivemusiciswhatKJFarrell’sinBellmoreisknownforandtheirbackyardpatio,whichholds40-50seats,hasbecomeahotspotshowcasingartistsfromTuesday-Saturdayfrom7-10p.m.(reservationsaremadeinadvance).WonderousStorieshasjustreturnedtoitsregularWednesdaynightspotwheretheaudiencelistenedtoclassicrockcovers.GARDENGRILLThepatioatGardenGrillhasbeenretooledholding100people.MusicisofferedWednesdaythroughSaturdayfrom5:30-9:30p.m.andSunday1-8p.m.inthefreshair.Singer/songwriterJDLeonardrecentlyperformedhisowncountrytune,“JustDrive”andgotastandingovation(熱烈鼓掌).“Everybodyseemedsohappytobeouthere.IknowIwas.”hesays.21.AtwhichtimewillyoumostprobablywatchMariaRose’sperformance?A.Saturday10p.m. B.Tuesday6p.m.C.Monday8p.m. D.Wednesday9:30p.m.22.Whatdoesthelivemusicinthefourplaceshaveincommon?A.performedatweekends B.countrymusicC.classicrockmusic D.heldintheopenair23.WhatisspecialaboutKJFARRELL’S?A.Ithoststhe“PortsidePiratesPatioParty”. B.Itshouldbebookedinadvance.C.Itcanholdanaudienceof100. D.Itservescraftcocktails.〖答案〗21.C22.D23.B〖導(dǎo)語〗這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了長(zhǎng)島的四個(gè)可以聽?wèi)敉猬F(xiàn)場(chǎng)音樂的地方。〖21題詳析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“PORTSIDEBAR&GRILL”部分中“OnMondaynightsatPortsideBar&Grilljointhe“PortsidePiratesPatio(露臺(tái))Party”wheremanyartistsperform30-40minuteseachfrom7-10p.m.”（星期一晚上，在PortsideBar&Grill加入“左舷海盜天井派對(duì)”，許多藝術(shù)家會(huì)從晚上7點(diǎn)到10點(diǎn)表演，每次30-40分鐘。）及““Playingoutdoorsyougetmoreenergyfromtheaudience,”singerMariaRosesays.“Theyarefullyengagedinthemusic.””（歌手瑪麗亞?羅斯(MariaRose)表示:“在戶外演出，你會(huì)從觀眾那里獲得更多的能量，他們?nèi)硇牡赝度氲揭魳分??！保┛芍枋諱ariaRose表演的時(shí)間是星期一晚上的7點(diǎn)到10點(diǎn)表演，故選C。22題詳析〗推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章標(biāo)題“Fourplacestohearlivemusicoutdoors”（四個(gè)戶外聽現(xiàn)場(chǎng)音樂的地方）可知，文章所提到的四個(gè)聽現(xiàn)場(chǎng)音樂的特點(diǎn)都是在戶外。故選D?！?3題詳析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“KJFARRELL’S”部分中“LivemusiciswhatKJFarrell’sinBellmoreisknownforandtheirbackyardpatio,whichholds40-50seats,hasbecomeahotspotshowcasingartistsfromTuesday-Saturdayfrom7-10p.m.(reservationsaremadeinadvance).”（現(xiàn)場(chǎng)音樂是BellmoreKJ法雷爾餐廳的特色，他們的后院露臺(tái)有40-50個(gè)座位，從周二到周六晚上7點(diǎn)到10點(diǎn)(提前預(yù)定)已經(jīng)成為藝術(shù)家展示的熱點(diǎn)。）可知，要在KJFARRELL’S聽現(xiàn)場(chǎng)音樂，需要提前預(yù)定。故選B。BThefirsttimeIrealizedthatIhadaloveforsportscompetitionswasduringtheFieldDayinelementaryschool.Smallformyage,andmoreofabookwormthanasportsenthusiast,Ihadsufferedthatspecialhumiliationofbeingpickedlastforvariousgymteams.TheFieldDay,whichfocusedonindividualskills,wasdifferent.IntheSoftballThrowevent,Igotmyfirsttasteofsportingvictory.Creditgoestotheexampleofmyfirstcoach,myfather.Heliftedweightseverymorningathome.Heboughtusallbaseballglovesandhats,andinthewarmmonths,wespenthoursplayingcatch.Comefall,ourbackyardfootballgamesbeganwithpassingpractice.OnceIgottosixthgradeandswitchedtoprivateschool,ourentirestudentbodywasassignedtoeithertheRedortheWhiteteam.Throughouttheyear,wecompetedagainsteachotherinvariousgamesandexercisesforpoints.IeventuallybecamepresidentofTheCommitteeofGames,acceleratingmycompetitivefever.However,ingirls’sportsgamesatmyschool,Iwasnostar.Ialsoplayedonthefieldhockeyteamandthebasketballteam.Schoolsportsdidnotbleedintotheweekends,astheydotoday,butathome,playingtennis,skating,skiingandbikingweresimplynormalthingswedid.Duringbreaktime,magazineswerealsoquitepopularforusteens.Theseregularlyfeaturedarticlesonphysicalexercise.Somehow,mycollegeroommateandItookupthehabitofcompletingRoyalCanadianAirForce(RCAF)exerciseseveryday,apracticethatcontinuedintomymarriage,whenwehadnosparefundstousetojoinagym.So,thoughitshockssomeofourfriends,thatearlyfoundationevolvedinadulthoodintoasportsandfitnessfocus,consideredessentialevenonvacation.Istilllovereadingandthearts,too.AsfarasI’mconcerned,lifeistherichestwithmyfeetinbothworlds.24.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“humiliation”meaninParagraph1?A.responsibility. B.disappointment C.shame D.desire25.WhatdidtheauthorowehervictoryintheSoftballThroweventto?A.Heradvancedsportsoutfits. B.Herconfidenceinhersportsability.C.Thesportstalentinheritedfromherfather. D.Theguidanceandtrainingofferedbyherfather.26.Whathappenedaftertheauthorsteppedintoadulthood?A.Shegenerallyexercisedonweekends. B.ShejoinedRoyalCanadianAirForce.C.Shepreferredreadingtoexercising. D.Shemaintainedherloveforsports.27.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthearticle?A.Todescribehowherfatherbuiltherinterestinsports.B.Torecallherchildhoodmemoriesaboutsports.C.Toexpressherpassionforsportsandfitness.D.Toemphasizethebenefitsofphysicalexercise.〖答案〗24.C25.D26.D27.C〖導(dǎo)語〗這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者從小熱愛體育，并且在父親的指導(dǎo)和培訓(xùn)下第一次嘗到了運(yùn)動(dòng)勝利的滋味。就此，作者開始參與各種體育運(yùn)動(dòng)，并把這種對(duì)體育的熱愛持續(xù)到了成年?！?4題詳析〗詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫線詞上文“Smallformyage,andmoreofabookwormthanasportsenthusiast,Ihadsufferedthatspecial（就我這個(gè)年紀(jì)來說，我很小，與其說是一個(gè)體育愛好者，不如說是一個(gè)書蟲，我曾經(jīng)歷過那種特別的））”以及后文“ofbeingpickedlastforvariousgymteams(被選為不同健身隊(duì)的最后一個(gè))”可知，作者的身材矮小，與其說是一個(gè)體育愛好者，不如說是一個(gè)書蟲，并且在各種體體隊(duì)中，作者都是最后一個(gè)被選中的，這是一種羞辱。故畫線詞意思是“羞辱”。故選C。〖25題詳析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“IntheSoftballThrowevent,Igotmyfirsttasteofsportingvictory.Creditgoestotheexampleofmyfirstcoach,myfather.Heliftedweightseverymorningathome.Heboughtusallbaseballglovesandhats,andinthewarmmonths,wespenthoursplayingcatch.Comefall,ourbackyardfootballgamesbeganwithpassingpractice.(在壘球比賽中，我第一次嘗到了運(yùn)動(dòng)勝利的滋味。這要?dú)w功于我的第一位教練，我的父親。他每天早上在家舉重。他給我們所有人買棒球手套和棒球帽，在溫暖的月份里，我們花幾個(gè)小時(shí)玩接球游戲。到了秋天，我們的后院足球比賽從傳球練習(xí)開始)”可知，作者把她在壘球比賽中的勝利歸功于她父親的指導(dǎo)和培訓(xùn)。故選D?！?6題詳析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“So,thoughitshockssomeofourfriends,thatearlyfoundationevolvedinadulthoodintoasportsandfitnessfocus,consideredessentialevenonvacation.(因此，盡管這讓我們的一些朋友感到震驚，但這種早期的基礎(chǔ)在成年后演變成了一種專注于運(yùn)動(dòng)和健身的方式，甚至在度假時(shí)也被認(rèn)為是必不可少的)”可知，作者成年后保持了對(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)的熱愛。故選D?！?7題詳析〗推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“So,thoughitshockssomeofourfriends,thatearlyfoundationevolvedinadulthoodintoasportsandfitnessfocus,consideredessentialevenonvacation.(因此，盡管這讓我們的一些朋友感到震驚，但這種早期的基礎(chǔ)在成年后演變成了一種專注于運(yùn)動(dòng)和健身的方式，甚至在度假時(shí)也被認(rèn)為是必不可少的)”結(jié)合文章講述了作者從小熱愛體育，并且在父親的指導(dǎo)和培訓(xùn)下第一次嘗到了運(yùn)動(dòng)勝利的滋味。就此，作者開始參與各種體育運(yùn)動(dòng)，并把這種對(duì)體育的熱愛持續(xù)到了成年。可推知，作者寫這篇文章的目的是表達(dá)她對(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)和健身的熱情。故選C。CThelatestincatresearchrevealsthatthelovelyanimalseemstohaveabasicgrasponboththelawsofphysicsandtheinsandoutsofcauseandeffect.Accordingtoanewlypublishedstudy,catsseemtobeabletopredictthelocationofhidingprey(獵物)usingboththeirearsandaninborn(天生的)understandingofhowthephysicalworldworks.Inarecentexperiment,Japaneseresearcherstaped30domesticcatsreactingtoacontainerthatateammembershook.Somecontainersrattled(發(fā)出響聲);othersdidnot.Whenthecontainerwastippedover,sometimesanobjectfelloutandsometimesitdidn’t.Itturnsoutthatthecatswereremarkablysmartaboutwhatwouldhappenwhenacontainerwastippedover.Whenanobjectdidnotdropoutofthebottomofarattlingcontainer,theylookedatitforalongertimethantheydidwhenthecontainerbehavedasexpected.“Catsuseacausal-logicalunderstandingofnoiseorsoundstopredicttheappearanceofinvisibleobjects,”leadresearcherSahoTakagisaysinapressrelease.Theresearchersconcludethatcats’huntingstylemayhavedevelopedbasedontheircommon-senseabilitiestoinferwherepreyis,usingtheirhearing.Scientistshaveexploredthisideawithotherlovelycreatures:babies.Likecats,babiesappeartoengageinwhat’scalled“preferentiallooking”—lookinglongeratthingsthatareinterestingorunusualthanthingstheyperceiveasnormal.Whenbabies’expectationsarenotmetinexperimentsliketheonesperformedwiththecats,theyreactmuchliketheiranimalfriends.Psychologistshaveshownthatbabiesapparentlyexpecttheirworldtoobeythelawsofphysicsandcauseandeffectasearlyastwomonthsofage.Doesthestudymeanthatcatswillsoongrasptheinsandoutsofcauseandeffect?Maybe,Okay,socatsmaynotbethenextphysicsfacultymembersatAmerica’smostimportantresearchuniversities.Butbydemonstratingtheircommonsense,they’veshownthatthedividebetweencatsandhumansmaynotbethatgreatafterall.28.Whatdowelearnfromanewlypublishedstudyaboutcats?A.Theycanbetrainedtounderstandthephysicalworld.B.Theyknowwhatkindofpreymightbeeasiertohunt.C.Theyhaveanaturalabilitytolocateanimalstheyhunt.D.Theyarecapableoftellingwhichwaytheirpreyflees.29.Whatmayaccountforthecats’responsetothenoisefromthecontainers?A.Theirinbornsensitivity(敏感)tonoise. B.Theirunusualsenseofdirection.C.Theirspecialabilitytoperceive. D.Theirunderstandingofcauseandeffect.30.Inwhatwaydobabiesbehavelikecats?A.Theyfocusonwhatappearsstrange. B.Theyviewtheworldasnormal.C.Theydowhattheyprefertodo D.Theyarecuriousabouteverything.31.Whatcanweconcludeaboutcatsfromthepassage?A.Theyrelyontheirinstincts(本能)tohunt.B.Theyinteractwiththephysicalworldmuchlikehumans.C.Theydisplayextraordinarilyhighintelligenceinhunting.D.Theycanaidphysicsprofessorsintheirresearchwork.〖答案〗28.C29.D30.A31.B〖導(dǎo)語〗這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了，根據(jù)一項(xiàng)新公布的研究中，貓似乎能夠通過雙耳預(yù)測(cè)隱藏獵物的位置，并與生俱來地理解物理世界是如何運(yùn)作的?！?8題詳析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段“Accordingtoanewlypublishedstudy,catsseemtobeabletopredictthelocationofhidingprey(獵物)usingboththeirearsandaninborn(天生的)understandingofhowthephysicalworldworks.(根據(jù)一項(xiàng)最新發(fā)表的研究，貓似乎能夠通過雙耳預(yù)測(cè)隱藏獵物的位置，并與生俱來地理解物理世界是如何運(yùn)作的)”可知，貓?zhí)焐陀心芰Χㄎ坏剿鼈儾东C的動(dòng)物。故選C項(xiàng)。〖29題詳析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第四段中的“Itturnsoutthatthecatswereremarkablysmartaboutwhatwouldhappenwhenacontainerwastippedover.(事實(shí)證明，貓非常聰明地知道當(dāng)容器被翻倒時(shí)會(huì)發(fā)生什么)”和第五段中的“Catsuseacausal-logicalunderstandingofnoiseorsoundstopredicttheappearanceofinvisibleobjects(貓利用對(duì)噪音或聲音的因果邏輯理解來預(yù)測(cè)看不見的物體的外觀)”可知，正是貓對(duì)噪音或聲音的因果邏輯關(guān)系的掌握才導(dǎo)致了貓對(duì)集裝箱噪音的反應(yīng)，讓貓知道當(dāng)容器被翻倒時(shí)會(huì)發(fā)生什么。故選D項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由倒數(shù)第三段中的“Likecats,babiesappeartoengageinwhat’scalled“preferentiallooking”—lookinglongeratthingsthatareinterestingorunusualthanthingstheyperceiveasnormal.(和貓一樣，嬰兒似乎也在進(jìn)行所謂的“優(yōu)先觀看”——看有趣或不尋常的事情的時(shí)間比他們看正常的事情要長(zhǎng))”可知，和貓一樣，嬰兒喜歡專注于看似奇怪的（不尋常的）事情。故選A項(xiàng)?！?1題詳析〗推理判斷題。由第五段中的“Catsuseacausal-logicalunderstandingofnoiseorsoundstopredicttheappearanceofinvisibleobjects(貓利用對(duì)噪音或聲音的因果邏輯理解來預(yù)測(cè)看不見的物體的外觀)”和倒數(shù)第二段中的“Whenbabies’expectationsaredisturbedinexperimentsliketheonesperformedwiththecats,theyreactmuchliketheiranimalfriends.Psychologistshaveshownthatbabiesapparentlyexpecttheirworldtobeconsistentwiththelawsofphysicsandcauseandeffectasearlyastwomonthsofage.(當(dāng)嬰兒的期望在類似貓的實(shí)驗(yàn)中被違背時(shí)，嬰兒的反應(yīng)就像他們的動(dòng)物朋友一樣。心理學(xué)家已經(jīng)證明，嬰兒顯然早在兩個(gè)月大的時(shí)候就期望他們的世界符合物理定律和因果關(guān)系)”可知，在類似貓的實(shí)驗(yàn)中，（期望他們的世界符合物理定律和因果關(guān)系的）嬰兒的反應(yīng)就像貓一樣，說明貓與物理世界的互動(dòng)非常像人類。故選B項(xiàng)。DAreyouawareofhowyouarebreathing?AstudybytheFederalUniversitySergipeinBrazilshowedahigheroccurrenceoflearningdisabilitiesamongmouthbreathers,concludingthatmouthbreathersaremorelikelytohavelearningdifficultiesthannasal(鼻的)breathers.Whilesmellisaveryimportantsense,thenosehasotherimportantresponsibilities.Whensomeonebreathesthroughthemouth,theyareignoringseveralimportantfunctionsofthenose.Tonameafew,thenosewarmsandwetstheairyoubreathetomakeitmoresuitableforyourlungs.Nasalbreathingalsoincreaseslevelsofnitricoxide(一氧化氮),akeymolecule(分子)usedthroughoutthebody.Anotherveryimportantfunctionofthenoseisthatitcontrolsairflowandhelpspreventover-breathing.Sohowcanyouoverbreathe?Breathinginandoutmoreairthannecessaryresultsinastateofreducedcarbondioxide(二氧化碳)intheblood.Brainfunctionwillbedamagedwhenyoubreathetoomuch.Thelossofcarbondioxidefromimproperbreathingisn’tseriousenoughtobeeasilynoticeable.Butovertimethehabitcantakeitstollonthebrainandbody.PatrickMcKeown,authoroftheOxygenAdvantageexplainsthatifwebreathearelativelysmallamountofairbybreathingslowlythroughthenose,weincreasetheamountofcarbondioxideinsideusandcandelivermoreoxygentoourmusclesandorgans,includingtheheartandthebrain.ScottJurek,oneofthefamousmarathonrunnersintheworld,saysthatforrunners，oneofthemostimportantthingstolearnistopracticenasalbreathing.Anthropologist(古人類學(xué)家)WadeDavishasstudiedandlivedwithfifteendifferentgroupsofnativepeople.Daviswasmostimpressedbythefactthatthesehuntersneveropenedtheirmouthstobreatheduringthehunt.Intheanimalworld,mouthbreathingisrarelyseenunlessitisfallingill.Inhumans,chronic(長(zhǎng)期的)mouthbreathingcanleadtocavities(齲洞),gumdisease,loweredimmunefunction,digestivedisturbances,poorsleepquality,andcanresultincrookedteethandevenpoorlydevelopedfacialstructure.32.Whatdoestheunderlinedphraseprobablymean?A.benefit B.haveagreatinfluenceonC.damage D.dogoodto33.WhatdoesParagraph2mainlytellus?A.Whythenoseiscriticaltoourbody B.HowbreathingpatternsaffectthebodyC.Howthebraintakesinoxygen D.Whatover-breathingis34.Whytheauthormentionsthethreepersonsinparagraph3?A.ToillustratebreathingpatternsB.ToraisetheawarenessoftheimportanceofrunningC.TostressthesignificanceofnasalbreathingD.Toremindreaderstobreathemore35.WhichisNOTtheadvantageofnasalbreathing?A.warmandwettheairyoubreathe B.increaselevelsofnitricoxideC.preventover-breathing D.leadtoloweredimmunefunction〖答案〗32.C33.B34.C35.D〖導(dǎo)語〗這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹研究發(fā)現(xiàn)比起用鼻子呼吸，用嘴呼吸的人更有可能有學(xué)習(xí)困難?！?2題詳析〗詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段的“Thelossofcarbondioxidefromimproperbreathingisn’tseriousenoughtobeeasilynoticeable.(呼吸不當(dāng)造成的二氧化碳損失并不嚴(yán)重到容易被察覺)”和表示轉(zhuǎn)折意義的but可知，雖然呼吸不當(dāng)造成的二氧化碳損失并不嚴(yán)重，但隨著時(shí)間的推移，這個(gè)習(xí)慣會(huì)對(duì)大腦和身體造成損害。由此可知，takeitstollon意為“傷害”，與damage同義。故選C?！?3題詳析〗主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段的“Nasalbreathingalsoincreaseslevelsofnitricoxide(一氧化氮),akeymolecule(分子)usedthroughoutthebody.Anotherveryimportantfunctionofthenoseisthatitcontrolsairflowandhelpspreventover-breathing.Sohowcanyouoverbreathe?Breathinginandoutmoreairthannecessaryresultsinastateofreducedcarbondioxide(二氧化碳)intheblood.Brainfunctionwillbedamagedwhenyoubreathetoomuch.Thelossofcarbondioxidefromimproperbreathingisn’tseriousenoughtobeeasilynoticeable.Butovertimethehabitcantakeitstollonthebrainandbody.(鼻呼吸還會(huì)增加一氧化氮的水平，一氧化氮是一種用于全身的關(guān)鍵分子。鼻子的另一個(gè)重要功能是控制氣流，防止過度呼吸。那么怎樣才能過度呼吸呢?吸入和呼出的空氣過多會(huì)導(dǎo)致血液中的二氧化碳減少。呼吸過多會(huì)損害大腦功能。呼吸不當(dāng)造成的二氧化碳損失并不嚴(yán)重到容易被察覺。但隨著時(shí)間的推移，這個(gè)習(xí)慣會(huì)對(duì)大腦和身體造成損害)”可知，本段主要介紹了用嘴呼吸對(duì)給身體帶來的影響。故選B。〖34題詳析〗推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的“PatrickMcKeown,authoroftheOxygenAdvantageexplainsthatifwebreathearelativelysmallamountofairbybreathingslowlythroughthenose,weincreasetheamountofcarbondioxideinsideusandcandelivermoreoxygentoourmusclesandorgans,includingtheheartandthebrain.(《氧氣優(yōu)勢(shì)》一書的作者帕特里克·麥基翁解釋說，如果我們用鼻子緩慢呼吸，呼吸相對(duì)少量的空氣，我們體內(nèi)的二氧化碳量就會(huì)增加，可以向我們的肌肉和器官輸送更多的氧氣，包括心臟和大腦)”推知，本段下文提到三個(gè)人的目的是強(qiáng)調(diào)用鼻呼吸的重要性。故選C?！?5題詳析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Tonameafew,thenosewarmsandwetstheairyoubreathetomakeitmoresuitableforyourlungs.Nasalbreathingalsoincreaseslevelsofnitricoxide(一氧化氮),akeymolecule(分子)usedthroughoutthebody.Anotherveryimportantfunctionofthenoseisthatitcontrolsairflowandhelpspreventover-breathing.(舉幾個(gè)例子，鼻子可以溫暖和濕潤(rùn)你呼吸的空氣，使它更適合你的肺。鼻呼吸還會(huì)增加一氧化氮的水平，一氧化氮是一種用于全身的關(guān)鍵分子。鼻子的另一個(gè)重要功能是控制氣流，防止過度呼吸)”可知，用鼻子呼吸可以溫暖和濕潤(rùn)呼入的空氣，增加一氧化氮水平以及防止過度呼吸。D項(xiàng)“導(dǎo)致免疫系統(tǒng)降低”不是它的優(yōu)勢(shì)。故選D。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分。)閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Ifyou’veeverwonderedhowoftenyoushouldshampoo(用洗發(fā)劑洗)yourhair,you’renotalone.____36____Whilemanypeopleprefertowashtheirhairdaily,othersthinkthatonceeveryfewdaysisbest.Butthatstillleavesuswiththeveryimportantquestion-howmuchistoomuch?____37____Whenyouwashyourhairwithshampoo,thesurfactant(表面活性劑)intheshampoomixeswithwaterandworkstocleandirtandoilfromyourhair.Althoughcleanhairisdefinitelyagoodthing,frequentshampooingcanleadtosomeproblemssuchassplitends(發(fā)梢開叉)anddullhair.Mostpeoplewhowashtheirhaireverydaysaytheydoittoavoidabuild-upofoil.Butinfact,skippingawashisthebestwaytopreventoilfrombuildingup.Mostoftentheoilysubstanceinyourhairdoesn’tcomefromnaturaloilbutfromtheproductsyouusefortreatmentandstyling.____38____Actually,howoftenyoushouldshampooyourhairdependsonyourhairtype.Peoplewhosweatalotorliveinahumidareamayneedtoshampootheirhairmorefrequently.____39____Ifyourhairisoily,youshouldtrytouseashampoothatisspeciallydesignedforoilyhair.Sincethickerhaircollectslessoil,it’llneedlesswashing.____40____Anyway,thebestwaytoknowhowoftentowashyourhairistoexperiment.Aslongasyoudon’thavescalp(頭皮)problems,youcanwashyourhaironceaweek.A.Itisevidentthatshampoocanbeharmfultoyourhair.B.Oilyhair,ontheotherhand,ismoredifficulttodealwith.C.Washingyourhaireverydaycanbecostlyandunhelpful.D.It’saquestionthathasbeenbotheringthousandsofpeople.E.Inaddition,dryandcurlyhaircanoftenbeleftunwashedfordays.F.Youmaynoticesomechangesifyoustartskippingwashingyourhair.G.Toanswerthat,wefirstneedtounderstandwhathappenswhenyouwashyourhair.〖答案〗36.D37.G38.F39.B40.E〖導(dǎo)語〗這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了針對(duì)不同的頭發(fā)情況需要多久洗一次頭?！?6題詳析〗根據(jù)前文“Ifyou’veeverwonderedhowoftenyoushouldshampoo(用洗發(fā)劑洗)yourhair,you’renotalone.(如果你曾經(jīng)想過應(yīng)該多久洗頭一次，那么你并不孤單。)”可知，此處是指應(yīng)該多久洗頭一次這個(gè)問題困擾著很多人，所以選項(xiàng)D“這個(gè)問題一直困擾著成千上萬的人。”切合文意。故選D?！?7題詳析〗根據(jù)后文“Whenyouwashyourhairwithshampoo,thesurfactant(表面活性劑)intheshampoomixeswithwaterandworkstocleandirtandoilfromyourhair.(當(dāng)你用洗發(fā)水洗頭時(shí)，洗發(fā)水中的表面活性劑與水混合，可以清潔頭發(fā)上的污垢和油脂。)”可知，此處是講洗頭發(fā)時(shí)發(fā)生了什么，所以選項(xiàng)G“要回答這個(gè)問題，我們首先需要了解洗頭時(shí)發(fā)生了什么。”切合文意。故選G?！?8題詳析〗根據(jù)前文“Butinfact,skippingawashisthebestwaytopreventoilfrombuildingup.Mostoftentheoilysubstanceinyourhairdoesn’tcomefromnaturaloilbutfromtheproductsyouusefortreatmentandstyling.(但事實(shí)上，不洗是防止油脂積聚的最好方法。大多數(shù)情況下，頭發(fā)中的油性物質(zhì)不是來自天然油脂，而是來自你用于護(hù)理和造型的產(chǎn)品。)”可知，此處是講不要天天洗頭發(fā)，所以選項(xiàng)F“如果你開始不洗頭，你會(huì)注意到一些變化?！鼻泻衔囊狻９蔬xF?！?9題詳析〗根據(jù)后文“Ifyourhairisoily,youshouldtrytouseashampoothatisspeciallydesignedf