2022屆重慶市西南大學附屬中學高三年級上冊第四次月考英語試題（解析版）

2022屆重慶市西南大學附屬中學高三上學期第四次月考

英語試題

（滿分：150分；考試時間：120分鐘）

注意事項：

1.答題前，考生先將自己的姓名、班級、考場/座位號、準考證號填寫在答題卡

±0

2.答選擇題時，必須使用2B鉛筆填涂；答非選擇題時，必須使用0.5毫米

的黑色簽字筆書寫；必須在題號對應的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答，超出答題區(qū)域書寫無

效；保持答卷清潔、完整。

3.考試結(jié)束后，將答題卡交回（試題卷自行保管，以備評講）。

第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘時間將試卷上

的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。

第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）

聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選

項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒

鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。

1.WhatwillJanedothisFriday?

A.Gooutoftown.B.Watchhersister'sdog.C.Havedinnerwithherclassmates.

2.Howlongwillthemanstayifhiswifecomes?

A.4nights.B.6nights.C.8nights.

3.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?

A.Attheborder.B.Attheairport.C.Atatravelagency.

4.Whattimewillthemeetingbegin?

A.At11:00am.B.At1:00pm.C.At3:00pm.

5.WhatlanguagedoesMr.Blackspeakbest?

A.Chinese.B.French.C.Spanish.

第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分）

請聽下面5段對話或獨白，每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、

B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標注在試卷的相應位置。聽每段對話或

獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘。聽完后，每小題將給出

5秒鐘的作答時間，每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段對話，回答6、7題。

6.Whatdoesthewoman'sbackpacklooklike?

A.Itismadeofleather.B.Thereisapatternonit.C.Ahandkerchiefistiedtoit.

7.Howdoesthewomanprobablyfeelintheend?

A.Disappointed.B.Relieved.C.Worried.

聽下面一段對話，回答8至10題。

8.WhatisJohndoing?

A.Doingafunproject.B.Emptyingthecupboard.C.Donatingunwantedthings.

9.Whatis"f?eecycling”？

A.Awayofrecycling.B.Akindofoldjunk.C.Atravelwebsite.

10.WhatdoesJohnwantnow?

A.Agorillaarm.B.Amicrophone.C.Abicycle.

聽下面一段對話，回答11至13題。

11.HowdidHelencontactthecompany?

A.Byemail.B.Byphone.C.Byletter.

12.Whatisthedutyofthejobinthead?

A.Tolookafterchildren.B.Toworkforanewspaper.C.Toserveinaphonecompany.

13.OnwhatconditionswouldHelenacceptthejob?

ATheplaceisfun.B.Thepayisgood.C.Theworkiseasy.

聽下面一段對話，回答14至16題。

14.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Colleagues.B.Fatheranddaughter.C.Teacherandstudent.

15.WhatisMr.Jones9suggestion?

A.Forminggoodhabits.

B.Cancelingtheresearchproject.

C.Savingalltheworkforthefinalweek.

16.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?

A.Theresearchpaper.

B.Thechangestotheschedule.

C.Theplansfortheendoftheterm.

聽下面一段獨白，回答17至20題。

17.Whoisthespeakertalkingto?

AShopcustomers.B.Cafeemployees.C.Houseagents.

18.Whydoesthespeakergivethetalk?

A.Totellthelistenersthemoveofthecafe.

B.Toannouncetheopeningofanewshop.

C.Toapologizeforthewrongdecisions.

19.Whenisanewplaceexpectedtobefound?

A.BySeptember.B.ByNovember.C.ByDecember.

20.Whatisthespeaker'sattitudetowardthematteringeneral?

A.Positive.B.Nervous.C.Confused.

第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中選出最佳選項，并

在答題紙上將該項涂黑。

A

Forpeoplewhostruggletoreadtext,technologycanbealifeline.Actually,assistive

technology（AT）toolsforreadingcanalsobeusefultostudentswhojustneedsomeextraassistance

toaidreadingfluencyorcomprehension.Thesetoolsareinexpensiveandeasytofind.Theyopen

upthewonderfulworldofreading,makingtextaccessibletostudentsofallabilities.Butwithso

manytoolsoutthere,it'snotalwayseasytoknowwhichonestouse.

Tohelp,here'saguidetosomebestones.

Graphicorganizers

Theyarevisualrepresentations,likediagramsandmindmaps,ofideasandconcepts.Youcan

usegraphicorganizerstohelpwithcomprehensionwhilereading.Graphicorganizerscanbedigital

orpenandpaper.

Annotationaids

Theyletyoutakenotesandwritecommentswhilereading.Thiscanmakeiteasiertokeep

information.Annotationaidscanbepartofsoftwareorapps,ortheycanbetraditionalpens,

markers,andstickynotes.

Displaycontrol

Itallowsyoutocontrolhowtextisdisplayed.Whenreadingonascreen,youcanchangethe

font(字體)，fontsize,andspacingoftext.Youcanalsocoverpartsofthescreentolessen

distractions(干擾)whilereading.

Text-to-speech(TTS)

Itletsyouseetextandhearitreadaloudatthesametime.Tousethistool,youclickonwords,

andyou'llhearthewordsreadbycomputer-generatedvoices.Youcanevenreadafteritandrecord

yourownvoice.TTScanalsobeusedtochangeanydigitaltextfilesintoaudiofiles.

Opticalcharacterrecognition(OCR)

Itcanreadaloudtextfromimagesandpictures.YoucanuseOCRbytakingphotosof

worksheets,paperdocuments,andevenobjectslikestreetsigns.LikeTTS,OCRuses

computer-generatedvoices.

KeepinmindthatusingATreadingtoolswon'tpreventpeoplefromlearningtoread.For

example,expertssayaudiobookscanactuallyhelpkidsbecomebetterreaders.

1.Ifareaderpreferstakinghisfeelingsdownwhilereading,he'dbetteruse.

A.graphicorganizersB.annotationaids

C.displaycontrolD.text-to-speech

2.WhatfeaturemakesOCRunique?

A.Changingfiletypes.B.Editingphotosofdocuments.

C.Readingwordsinpictures.D.Usingcomputer-generatedvoices.

3.Accordingtotheauthor,ATreadingtoolsare___

A.accessibleandbeneficialB.expensivebutworthwhile

C.helpfulandenergy-efficientD.innovativebutcomplicated

【答案】LB2.C3.A

【解析】

這是一篇應用文。文章介紹了幾種最好的閱讀輔助技術工具。

【1題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Annotationaids部分第一句"Theyletyoutakenotesandwritecomments

whilereading."（它們讓你在閱讀時記筆記和寫評論。）可知，如果一名讀者喜歡在閱讀時寫

下他的感受，他最好使用annotationaids。故選B。

【2題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Opticalcharacterrecognition（OCR）部分第一句"Itcanreadaloudtextfrom

imagesandpictures."（它可以從圖像和圖片中大聲朗讀文本。）可知，閱讀圖片中的單詞讓

OCR很獨特。故選C。

【3題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段第二句和第三句"Actually,assistivetechnology（AT）toolsforreading

canalsobeusefultostudentswhojustneedsomeextraassistancetoaidreadingfluencyor

comprehension.Thesetoolsareinexpensiveandeasytofind."（實際上，閱讀輔助技術工具對

于那些只是需要一些額外幫助來幫助閱讀流暢性或理解的學生也很有用。這些工具不貴，很

容易找到。）可知，閱讀輔助技術工具是可獲得的并且是有益的。故選A。

B

LouiseMallardhashearttrouble,soshemustbeinformedcarefullyaboutherhusband'sdeath.

Louise'shusband'sfriend,Richards,learnedaboutarailroaddisasterwhenhewasinthenewspaper

officeandsawLouise'shusband,Brently,onthelistofthosekilled.Louisebeginssobbingwhen

Josephine,hersister,tellsherofBrently'sdeathandgoesupstairstobealoneinherroom.

Louisesitsdownandlooksoutofanopenwindow.Sheseestrees,smellsapproachingrain,and

hearsapeddleryellingoutwhathe'sselling.Shehearssomeonesingingaswellasthesoundsof

sparrows,andtherearewhitecloudsinthesky.Sheisyoung,withlinesaroundhereyes.Stillcrying,

shegazesintothedistance.Shefeelssadandtriestoholddownthebuildingemotionswithinher,

butcan't.Shebeginsrepeatingtheword“Free"toherselfoverandoveragain.Herheartbeats

quickly,andshefeelsverywarm.

Louiseknowsshe'llcryagainwhensheseesBrently'sbody.Hishandsweretender,andhe

alwayslookedatherlovingly.Butthensheimaginestheyearsahead,whichbelongonlytohernow,

andspreadsherarmsoutjoyfullywithanticipation.Shewillbefree,onherownwithoutanyoneto

oppressher.Shethinksthatallwomenandmenoppressoneanothereveniftheydoitoutof

kindness.LouiseknowsthatsheoftenfeltloveforBrentlybuttellsherselfthatnoneofthatmatters

anymore.Shefeelsthrilledwithhernewfoundsenseofindependence.

Josephinecomestoherdoor,beggingLouisetocomeout,warningherthatshe'llgetsickifshe

doesn't.Louisetellshertogoaway.Sheimaginesallthedaysandyearsaheadandhopesthatshe

livesalonglife.Thensheopensthedoor,andsheandJosephinestartwalkingdownthestairs,

whereRichardsiswaiting.

Thefrontdoorunexpectedlyopens,andBrentlycomesin.Hehadn*tbeeninthetrainaccident

orevenawarethatonehadhappened.Josephinescreams,andRichardstriesunsuccessfullytoblock

Louisefromseeinghim.DoctorsarriveandannouncethatLouisediedofaheartattackbroughton

byhappiness.

4.HowdidLouiselearnaboutBrently^death?

A.Shesawitinthenews.B.Richardsinformedher.

C.ShefoundoutthroughJosephine.D.Therailroadcompanynotifiedher.

5.WhichwordscandescribeLouiseaftersheheardthenews?

A.Excitedandhappy.B.Sadbutrelieved.C.Desperateandlonely.D.Joyful

butterrified.

6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“oppressed“inParagraph3mean?

A.Fight.B.Suspect.C.Control.D.Fool.

7.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A.BrentlyplayedatrickonLouiseonpurpose.

B.ThetrainaccidentcausedLouise'sheartattack.

C.Josephine'sscreamresultedinLouise'ssuddendeath.

D.Brently^survivalwasthelastthingLouisehadexpected.

【答案】4.C5.B6.C7.D

【解析】

【分析】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述Louise得知自己的丈夫Brently死訊后感到很悲傷，但

是同時又感到輕松釋懷，最后她接受了丈夫的死亡，甚至開始慶幸自己從此獲得自由，卻沒

有想到看到丈夫從門外進來，結(jié)果Louise心臟病發(fā)而亡。

【4題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段里面的"LouisebeginssobbingwhenJosephine,hersister,tellsherof

Brenlly'sdeathandgoesupstairstobealoneinherroom.（當Louise的姐姐告訴她丈夫Brently

的死訊時，她開始哭泣然后上樓把自己一個人關在房間里）”可知，Louise是通過Jos叩hine

知道了丈夫的死訊。故選C。

【5題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段里面的"Stillcrying,shegazesintothedistance.Shefeelssadandtries

toholddownthebuildingemotionswithinher,butcan't.（她一邊哭泣一邊凝視著遠方她。她很

難過,想試圖控制自己內(nèi)心的情緒,但是沒成功）”和第三段“Shefeelsthrilledwithher

newfoundsenseofindependence.（她對自己新獲得的獨立感到興奮）”可知，她感覺到悲傷，

但是同時又輕松釋懷。故選B。

【6題詳解】

詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第三段“Shewillbefree,onherownwithoutanyonetooppressher.（她將會

變得自由，獨立，沒有人oppress她）”可知，oppress此處的意思為管控。故選C。

【7題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句"Shefeelsthrilledwithhernewfoundsenseof

ind叩endence.（她對自己新獲得的獨立感到興奮）”以及最后一段第一句"Thefrontdoor

unexpectedlyopens,andBrentlycomesin.（前門突然開了，Brently走了進來）”可知，此時

Louise已經(jīng)接受了丈夫的死亡，甚至開始慶幸自己從此獲得自由，卻沒想到看到丈夫從門外

進來，所以Brently活著回家是她沒有想到的。故選D。

C

Whetherhuntingorcompetingfbrlimitedspaceandresources,humansaretheplanet'ssuper

predatorG甫,食者）.Asthehumanpopulationexpands,it'sgettingharderfbrothercreaturestofind

somewheretohideduringtheday.Nownewfindingsindicateanimalsaroundtheworldhavecome

upwithanotherstrategy:Theyarebecomingnocturnal（夜間活動的）.

InapaperpublishedinScience,researchersanalyzed76previousscientificstudiesabout

humanimpactonanimalactivity.Theycomparedanimals'activityduringthedayandnightinareas

ofhighhumandisturbance（fromhuntingorfarmingtohikingandotheroutdoorrecreation）andlow

humandisturbance（relativelynaturalconditions）.Theanalysisshowedanimalsarebecomingan

averageof1.36timesmorenocturnalduetohighhumandisturbance.

Forexample,inPolandwildboarsgofrom48%nocturnalinnaturalforeststo90%nocturnal

inurbanareas.Evenactivitiespeopleconsiderrelativelyinnocuous,suchashikingandwildlife

viewing,stronglyaffectedanimals,dailyrhythms.4tWethinkthatwe'releavingnotraceoftenwhen

we'reoutdoors,butwecanbehavinglastingconsequencesonanimalbehavior,saysKaitlyn

Gaynor,leadresearcherforthestudy.

Thisisnotthefirsttimeanimalshavehadtoliveatnight;duringthetimeofdinosaurs,they

werealsonocturnal."Dinosaurswerethisubiquitous（無處不在的），scaryforce,andonlyaftertheir

extinctiondidmammals（哺乳動物）emergeintothedaylight,^^Gaynorsays."Andnowhumans

havetakenoverandarepushingotheranimalsbackintothenight.^^

Scientistssuspectbecomingnocturnalmayhurtthosespecieshighlyadaptedtothesun.They

mightnotbeabletolivewellatnight,whichwouldultimatelyhurttheirchancesofsurvivaland

reproduction.Perhapsevenmorealarmingeffectscouldbeinthewiderecosystem.InCalifornia's

SantaCruzMountains,coyoteshavebeenmorenocturnalinresponsetohikersandhavestartedto

altertheirdietsfromdaytimeprey,suchassquirrelsandbirds,tonocturnalprey,suchasratsand

rabbits.

Exactlyhowecologicalcommunitieswillchange,andwhetheritwillbeforbetterorworse,

requiresfurtherstudy.Somenighttimeshiftsmaybenefitbothanimalsandhumans,Gaynornotes.

Forinstance,tigersinNepalareavoidingpotentiallydeadlyconflictswithpeopleastheybecome

morenocturnal.

Studieslikethisonewilleventuallyhelpconservationmanagersmakebetterdecisionsabout

howtoprotectecosystems.uWe?llneedtounderstandlocaldynamicstoreallyunderstandhowwe

shouldbechangingmanagementofwildlifepopulationsorhumanactivities,Gaynornotes,€4One

potentialapproachmightbetomanagethetimingofhumanactivitiessothatweleavesomeofthe

daylightfbrotheranimals.,,

8.Howdoanimalsrespondtoincreasinghumandisturbance?

A.Bylimitingfoodintake.B.Byleavingtheirhabitat.

C.Bycontrollingpopulation.D.Byadjustingdailyroutine.

9Whatdoestheunderlinedword“innocuous“inParagraph3probablymean?

A.Harmless.B.Recreational.C.Organized.D.

Irregular.

10.Whydoestheauthormentiondinosaurs?

A.Tohighlighttheimportanceofdaylight.B.Toindicatethedominationof

humans.

C.Toillustratemammals'adaptability.D.Todemonstratedinosaurs9power.

11.Whatcanwelearnaboutanimals'becomingnocturnal?

A.Ithasledtoanewecologicalbalance.B.Itdemandsmoreconservationareas.

C.Itmayencouragebio-diversity.D.Itmightbedouble-edged.

【答案】8.D9.A10.B11.D

【解析】

【分析】這是一篇說明文。隨著人類人口的增長，其他生物在白天更難找到藏身之處?，F(xiàn)在，

新的發(fā)現(xiàn)表明，世界各地的動物想出了另一種策略：它們正變成夜行動物。

【8題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句"Theanalysisshowedanimalsarebecominganaverageof

1.36timesmorenocturnalduetohighhumandisturbance."（分析顯示，由于人類的干擾，動

物的夜間活動平均增加了L36倍。）可知，動物們通過調(diào)整日常作息來應對日益增加的人類

干擾。故選D。

【9題詳解】

詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第三段第三句"Wethinkthatwe'releavingnotraceoftenwhenwe'reoutdoors,

butwecanbehavinglastingconsequencesonanimalbehavior”（我們認為我們在戶夕卜時通常

不會留下任何痕跡，但我們可能會對動物行為產(chǎn)生持久的影響）可知，劃線部分所在句子

“Evenactivitiespeopleconsiderrelativelyinnocuous,suchashikingandwildlifeviewing,

stronglyaffectedanimals5dailyrhythms.”即使是我們認為相對沒有“害處的活動也會極大地影

響動物的日常節(jié)奏。所以innocuous意為“無害的"，與harmless同義。故選A。

【10題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段第二句"Dinosaurswerethisubiquitous（無處不在的）,scaryforce,and

onlyaftertheirextinctiondidmammals（哺乳動物）emergeintothedaylight”（恐龍是如此無處

不在，令人恐懼的力量，只有在它們滅絕后，哺乳動物才會出現(xiàn)在陽光下）和第三句"And

nowhumanshavetakenoverandarepushingotheranimalsbackintothenight.w（現(xiàn)在人類取代

了恐龍，把其它動物們趕回黑夜。）可推知，作者提到恐龍是為了表明人類的統(tǒng)治。故選B。

【11題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段第一句uScientistssuspectbecomingnocturnalmayhurt由osespecies

highlyadaptedtothesun."（科學家懷疑，夜間活動可能會傷害那些高度適應陽光的物種。）

和第六段第二句"Somenighttimeshiftsmaybenefitbothanimalsandhumans”（一些夜間轉(zhuǎn)

變可能對動物和人類都有利）可知，動物變成夜間活動對動物和人類既有好處又有壞處，所

以是一把雙刃劍。故選D。

D

China'shistoric23-dayChang'e5missionhasnotonlyobtainedpreciousrockandsoilsamples

fromthemoon,buthasalsobroughtbackagroupofseedsthattraveledthefurthestinthenation's

agriculturalandforestryhistories.Morethan30kindsofseeds,includingthatofrice,oatsetc.,were

placedinsidethemulti-moduleChang'e5spacecraftandorbitedaroundthemoonforabout15days.

Scientistswishedtocheckwhatwouldhappentotheseedsafterbeingexposedto

extraterrestrial（地夕卜的）forcesinlunarorbitandalsohopedthattheycoulddevelopbeneficial

mutations（突變）.Thismissionofferedgoodopportunitiestoscientists,whichenabledthemto

deepentheirstudiesontheeffectofcosmicraysonthegrowthandevolutionoflifeonEarth.

Space-basedmutationbreedingreferstotheprocessofexposingseedstoforcessuchas

microgravity,vacuumsandcosmicradiationduringaspaceflightandthensendingthembackto

Earthforfurtherobservationandplanting.Researchersobserveandexamineseveralgenerationsof

plantsgrownfromspace-bredseedsandinvestigatetheirmutations-somearepositiveanddesirable

whileothersarenegative.Thosewithpositivemutationswillbekeptandanalyzed,andwillbe

introducedtofarmersaftertheircertificationandapproval.

Spacebreedingcangeneratemutationsfasterandmoreconvenientlythanground-based

experimentsandcanbringaboutsomedesirabletraitsthatareotherwisehardtointroduce.

Comparedwithnaturalorconventionallybredtypesofplants,space-developedversionswith

positivemutationsusuallyfeaturehighernutritionalcontent,greaterannualyields,shortergrowth

periodsandbetterresistancetodiseasesandinsectpests.

Chinaconducteditsfirstspacebreedingexperimentin1987,usingasatellitetocarryseeds

intospace.Sincethen,hundredsofkindsofseedsandseedlingshavetraveledwithdozensof

Chinesespaceships.Spacebreedinghashelpedtoproducemorethan200newtypesofmutated

plantsinChinathathavebeenapprovedforlarge-scalecultivation,rangingfromgrainsto

vegetablesandfruits.TheChang'e5roboticmissionreturned1,731gramsoflunarrockandsoilto

Earth,markingahistoricaccomplishment44yearsafterthelastlunarsubstancesweretakenback.

12.WhyweretheseedsplacedinsideChang'e5?

A.Topickoutthefittestformutations.B.Tounderstandextraterrestrialforces.

C.Tostudytheintensityofcosmicrays.D.Toexposethemtoaspecial

environment.

13.Whatdoweknowaboutspace-basedmutationbreeding?

A.Itisnotatime-consumingprocess.B.Mutationsdevelopinarandomway.

C.Itoftenbringsaboutdesirableeffects.D.Approvalwillbegrantedtomutated

plants.

14.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?

A.Itisacustomtoputseedlingsonaspacecraft.

B.Chinawasthefirsttodoaspacebreedingexperiment.

C.Itissometimesinceseedswerelasttakenintospace.

D.Spacebreedinghasbroughtuscommercialbenefits.

15.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?

A.Space-bredSeedsOfferGreatChancesB.Chang'e5ReturnswithaBigPackage

C.PlantMutationsResultinaBetterLifeD.SeedsfromSpaceMarkaNew

History

【答案】12.D13.B14.D15.A

【解析】

這是一篇說明文。包括大米、燕麥等在內(nèi)的30多種種子被放置在多艙“嫦娥五號”飛船內(nèi),

繞月飛行了約15天。這些種子都進行了太空育種。文章對太空育種的概念、優(yōu)勢和收益進

行了介紹。

【12題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第一句"Scientistswishedtocheckwhatwouldhappentotheseedsafter

beingexposedtoextraterrestrial（地夕卜的）forcesinlunarorbitandalsohopedthattheycould

developbeneficialmutations（突變）（科學家們希望檢查這些種子在月球軌道上受到外星力

量的影響后會發(fā)生什么，也希望它們能發(fā)展出有益的突變。）可知，種子被放在嫦娥五號里

是為了讓它們暴露在特殊環(huán)境下。故選D。

【13題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第二句"Researchersobserveandexamineseveralgenerationsofplants

grownfromspace-bredseedsandinvestigatetheirmutations-somearepositiveanddesirable

whileothersarenegative.”（研究人員觀察和檢查了幾代由太空培育的種子長成的植物，并調(diào)

查了它們的突變——一些是積極和可取的，而另一些是消極的。）可知，突變是以隨機的方

式發(fā)生的。故選B。

【14題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段第三句"Spacebreedinghashelpedtoproducemorethan200new

typesofmutatedplantsinChinathathavebeenapprovedforlarge-scalecultivation,rangingfrom

grainstovegetablesandfruits.''（太空育種已幫助中國培育出200多種新的突變植物，這些植

物已獲準進行大規(guī)模種植，從谷物到蔬菜和水果。）可知，太空培育給我們帶來了商業(yè)利益。

故選D。

【15題詳解】

標題判斷題。文章主要講了太空育種給人類帶來了很多好處，相比來說有更多優(yōu)勢，所以選

項A（太空培育的種子提供了巨大的機遇）是最好的標題。選項B沒有提到太空育種，選

項C沒有提到太空，選項D混淆了概念，不是來自太空的種子，而是從地球帶到太空發(fā)生

突變再帶回地球的種子，所以選項B、選項C和選項D都不是合適的標題。故選A。

第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩

項為多余選項。

WhatAretheRootsofYourSelf-Esteem?

Self-esteemisaperson'ssubjectiveassessmentofhisorherworthtohimselforherself.Self-

esteemcoversvariousbeliefsaboutoneself（suchas'Tmafailure"andTmbeauliful"）aswellas

physiologicalstates,includingsadness,joy,andshame.Themorewebelievethatweareworthyof

happinessandgoodthingsinlife,themoreself-fulfilledwewillbe.Whenwedon'tbelievethatwe

areworthyofthesethings,ourabilitytoenjoythemcansuffer.16

Healthyself-esteemasanadultcanbeagiftgiveninyourchildhood.Itisablessingthatmost

peopleoverlook.Therearesomanywaysadultswithhighself-esteemweresupportedaschildren

thatresultedinthemhavinghighself-esteem.Forinstance,theywerepraisedfbrwhattheyhad

achieved.

17Theylikelyexperiencedaffectionandweregivenenoughattention.Itisalso

possiblethattheyexcelledinstudiesorinsportsandwereadmiredforitbypeers.

18Aschildren,manyofthesepeoplewerecriticized,yelledat,orabusedinoneway

oranother.Thereisalsoahighchancethattheyweregivennoattentionbytheadultswhowere

supposedtocareforthem.Insomecases,adultswithpoorself-esteemwereoftenridiculedfortheir

shortcomingsorbulliedbypeers.

Itiscommonthattheseadultsalsobelievethatinordertobeappreciatedtheyneedtobe

perfect.

19Therearepeoplewhoareobsessedwiththeircareersorhobbiesbecauseintheir

mindtheyneedtotietheirworthinesstosomethingconcrete.Oftentimesthesepeoplehaveto

pretendtobesomethingtheyarenotjusttogetapproval.

Howyoufeelaboutyourselfimpactshowyouliveyourlife.Peoplewithhighself-esteemtend

tohavebetterrelationshipsthanthosewithlowself-esteem.20Soifyoustruggletoreach

outforassistance,itcouldberootedinyourlowself-esteem.

A.Thereisalsoagoodchancethattheywerespokentorespectfully.

B.Whenwestarttodoubtwhat'simportantinlife,wetendtodolessofit.

C.Sinceself-esteemisconnectedtohowweperform,itisimportanttoworkonit.

D.Peoplewithpoorself-esteem,ontheotherhand,oftenexperiencedtheopposite.

E.Thiscreatesanimageintheirmindthatwithoutaccomplishmenttheyareworthless.

F.Theyfacefailuretoo,buttheyunderstandthatfailureorsuccessdoesn*tdefinethem.

GHighself-esteemenablesyoutoaskfbrhelpandsupportfromthepeoplearoundyouwhenyou

needit.

【答案】16.B17.A18.D19.E20.G

【解析】

【分析】這是一篇說明文。自尊是一個人對自己價值的主觀評價。自尊包括對自己的各種信

念和生理狀態(tài)。文章對高自尊和低自尊的人進行了對比和說明。

【16題詳解】

根據(jù)前文aWhenwedon'tbelievethatweareworthyofthesethings,ourabilitytoenjoythemcan

suffer.（當我們不相信自己值得擁有這些東西時，我們享受它們的能力就會受到傷害）”可知，

此處是指當我們對人生和自己產(chǎn)生懷疑時，就會有不好的影響。所以選項B.Whenwestartto

doubtwhat'simportantinlife,wetendtodolessofit.（當我們開始懷疑生活中重要的東西，我

們往往會對此做得更少）切合文意，且和前文句式相同。故選B。

【17題詳解】

根據(jù)后文“Theylikelyexperiencedaffectionandweregivenenoughattention.Itisalsopossible

thattheyexcelledinstudiesorinsportsandwereadmiredforitbypeers.（他們可能經(jīng)歷了感情，

并得到了足夠關注。也有可能他們在學習或體育方面表現(xiàn)優(yōu)異，并因此受到同齡人的崇

拜）“可知，此處是指他們被懷有敬意地對待，所以選項A.Thereisalsoagoodchancethatthey

werespokentorespectfully.（也有一?■個很好的機會讓人們向他們尊敬地說話）切合文意。故選

【18題詳解】

根據(jù)后文“Insomecases,adultswithpoorself-esteemwereoftenridiculedfortheirshortcomings

orbulliedbypeers.（在某些情況下，缺乏自尊的成年人經(jīng)常因為自己的缺點而被嘲笑或被同

齡人欺負）”可知，此處是講缺乏自尊的人往往不被尊重，所以選項D.Peoplewithpoor

self-esteem,ontheotherhand,oftenexperiencedtheopposite.（另一方面，缺乏自尊的人所經(jīng)歷

的往往恰恰相反）切合文意。故選D。

【19題詳解】

根據(jù)前文“Itiscommonthattheseadultsalsobelievethatinordertobeappreciatedtheyneedto

beperfect.（這些成年人也普遍認為，為了被欣賞，他們需要變得完美）”可知，選項E中的

this是指人們認為為了被欣賞他們需要變得完美，根據(jù)后文“Therearepeoplewhoare

obsessedwiththeircareersorhobbiesbecauseintheirmindtheyneedtotietheirworthinessto

somethingconcrete.（有些人癡迷于自己的事業(yè)或愛好，因為在他們的腦海中，他們需要把自

己的價值與具體的東西聯(lián)系起來）”可知，有些人往往把自己的價值和成就聯(lián)系在一起，所

以選項E.Thiscreatesanimageintheirmindthatwithoutaccomplishmenttheyareworthless.（這

在他們的腦海中造成了一種形象，沒有成就，他們是毫無價值的）切合文意。故選E。

【20題詳解】

根據(jù)后文“Soifyoustruggletoreachoutforassistance,itcouldberootedinyourlowself-esteem.

（所以如果你掙扎著去尋求幫助，那可能是因為你的自卑）”可知，自尊心高的人不會糾結(jié)于

是否要尋求幫助，所以選項G.Highself-esteemenablesyoutoaskforhelpandsupportfromthe

peoplearoundyouwhenyouneedit.（高自尊能讓你在需要的時候向周圍的人尋求幫助和支持）

切合文意。故選G。

第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）

IamcurrentlycyclingtrailsaroundAustralia,andamabouttocycletheNullarbortoraise

fundsforMS(多發(fā)性硬化癥).IhaveMSmyselfandthejourney21takestimeand

energy,butcyclingisa(n)22forme.However,whiletravelling,Iwas23tofind

thatIhadmybikestolenbyanot-so-kindperson.

ThehumankindnessIhavebeenshownsincethishappenedhasbeen24shortof

amazing.Awarm-heartedladydonatedmeamountainbikeincaseIhadto25my

scheduledplan.DuetoMS,Iamveryshort,whichmakesitalmost26tofindabikei