河南省天一大聯(lián)考2022-2023學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期1月期末聯(lián)考英語試題

絕密★啟用前河南省2022-2023學(xué)年上學(xué)期期末天一大聯(lián)考高三年級英語考生注意：1.答題前,考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號填寫在試卷和答題卡上,并將考生號條形碼粘貼在答題卡上的指定位置。2.回答選擇題時,選出每小題答案后,用鉛筆把答題卡對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動,用橡皮擦干凈后,再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號。回答非選擇題時,將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后,將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié),滿分30分）做題時,先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后,你將有2分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后,你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15. B.￡9.18. C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Ataconcert. B.Atatheatre. C.Atabookclub.2.Whydoesthewomangiveapresenttotheman?A.Shewantstothanktheman.B.Themanhasmovedtoanewhouse.C.Themanhasfoundagoodjob.3.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A.Goonwiththework.B.Starttodosomethingnew.C.Leavethereporttilltomorrow.4.WhatdoesthewomanspeakerthinkofMarynow?A.Weak. B.Unreliable. C.Stubborn.5.Whatdoesthemanthinkistheproblemwiththewoman＇scomputer?A.It＇squiteold. B.It＇stoodirty. C.Itsfanisbroken.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前,你將有時間閱讀各個小題,每小題5秒鐘；聽完后,各小題給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料,回答第6、7題。6.Whenisthewoman'sbirthday?A.November24th. B.November26th. C.November28th.7.What'stherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Brotherandsister. B.Husbandandwife. C.Fatheranddaughter.聽第7段材料,回答第8、9題。8.Whydoesthemancallthewoman?A.Toaskhertopickhimup.B.Toconfirmthemeetingplace.C.Toknowhowtogettoheroffice.9.Howmuchdoesitcosttogettotheofficefromtheairportbytaxi?A.About$5. B.About$20. C.About$30.聽第8段材料,回答第10至12題。10.Whatarethewoman'sfavorites?A.Footballandfilms.B.Basketballandfilms.C.Basketballandreading.11.Whydoesthemanlikefootballbest?A.It'sexciting. B.It'seducational. C.It'sinteresting.12.Whatdothespeakersprobablyagreeon?A.Favoritesvaryamongpeople.B.Peoplecanlearnalotfromfilms.C.Booksarepeople'sgoodfriends.聽第9段材料,回答第13至16題。13.Howmanykindsoffooddoesthemaneatforbreakfast?A.Two. B.Three. C.Four.14.Wheredoesthemanusuallyhavelunch?A.Atthepub. B.Athome. C.Inhisoffice.15.Whatdoesthemanthinkofhisdiet?A.Verytraditional. B.Quitereasonable. C.Prettylimited.16.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Cooking. B.Health. C.Losingweight.聽第10段材料,回答第17至20題。17.WhereisKakaduNationalPark?A.InAustralia. B.InAustria. C.InBelgium.18.HowdidthespeakerfeelabouttheYellowWaterCruise?A.Disappointed. B.Pleased. C.Worried.19.WhydidthespeakerbuytheSunrise&Sunsetticketonline?A.Itwascheaper. B.Itwaspopular. C.Itwasmoreconvenient.20.WhatimpressedthespeakermostduringtheYellowWaterCruise?A.KakaduCultureCamp.B.TheAzureKingfisher.C.Sunrise&Sunset.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié),滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分,滿分30分）閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中,選出最佳選項,并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AAboutPenguinRandomHouseUKTheoneyoucan'tputdown.Theoneyou'llneverforget.Sometimeago-in1934,tobeprecise-ourfounderwaswaitingforatrainandcouldn'tfindanythinggoodtoread.Whatwasneeded,herealized,werequalitybooksatareasonableprice.Andsohedecidedtochangethings-thefollowingyearPenguinwasfounded,startingapaperbackrevolutionthatwouldsweeptheworld.Theoneyoulistenedtothismorning.Theoneyou'recookingfromtonight.Today,ourlogo-originallysketchedatLondonZoo-canbefoundonbestsellersandundiscoveredgems,prideofplaceinmuch-lovedbookshops,neighbourhoodsupermarketsandalmostcertainlyonyourshelfathome.Whatever.whereverandhoweveryouliketoread,we'vegotsomethingforyou.Theonethatmakesyoulaughoutloud.Theonethatmakesyousobevenlouder.Almostacenturyafterthattrainjourney,inaverydifferentworldindeed,ourmission（使命）remainsthesame.Throughdecadesandlifetimes,celebrationsandcrises,Penguinhasalways,alwaysmadebooksforeveryone-Booksthatcanchangeyourmoodoryourmind,yourcommuteoryourcommunity,thewayyoueatorthewayyousleep.Today,tomorroworyourentirelife.ExploreourpublishinghousesOurninecreativelyandeditoriallyindependentpublishinghousesseekoutandenabletalentedpeopletotelltheirstoriesandmakesuretheyareheard.Frombestsellingwritersandexcellentillustrators（插畫家）tobigthinkersandpoliticalcommentators,leadingbusinesspeopleandwell-beingexperts,wearehometosomeoftheworld'sbest-knownauthors.21.WhatcanbeknownaboutPenguinRandomHouseUKfromthetext?A.Thelengthofitshistory.B.Thenameofitsfounder.C.Theaccuratecirculationofitsbooks.D.Thedifferentstagesofitsdevelopment.22.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribePenguin'smission?A.Challenging.B.Controversial.C.Conservative.D.Consistent.23.ThebookspublishedbyPenguinareA.bestreceivedthroughouttheglobeB.allwellillustratedwithnoexceptionC.writtenbypeoplefromdifferentwalksoflifeD.designedtodevelopcreativityinreadersBLerik,amountainousregioninsouthernAzerbaijan,isfamousforbeinghometoanunusuallyhighconcentrationofcentenarians（百歲老人）.AccordingtoAzerTag,Azerbaijan'sstatenewsagency,therewasonceatimewhenLerikwashometoover500centenarians,aboutonepercentofitsentirepopulation.Thatnumberdecreasedtoabout100outofaroundits63,000citizens,andtojustover20today.Thesharpdecreaseinthenumberofcentenariansismainlyassociatedwithmodernlife,suchaspollution,processedfoodsandstress.Still,Lerik＇sreputationasalandoflongevity（長壽）livesonthroughitshistoryandcentenarianslikeShiraliMuslumov.Withouthim,itwouldn'thavebeenincludedinthemapoftheworld.ThatMuslumovdiedin1973isadocumentedfact,butheclaimedtohavebeenbornin1805,whichmadehim168yearsold,52yearsolderthantheworld'sverifiedoldestman,and46yearsolderthantheoldestwomaneverknown.ShiraliMuslumovwasLerik'smostfamouscentenarianever.HereceivedcongratulatorylettersfromthelikesofVietnameseleaderHoChiMinh,andattractedtheattentionofHarvardphysicianAlexanderLeaf,whovisitedLerikin1973tolearnthesecretofhislongevity.Hediscovereda117-year-oldfarmer,whostillworkedinthefieldsanda108-year-oldsheep-keeper.Unfortunately,thefameoflongevityseemstohavedoneLerikmoreharmthangood.Itopenedthemountainousregiontotheoutsideworld.Althoughfreshproduce,andlocallyproduceddairyproductsandmeatarestillavailable,they'renowovershadowedbychocolatebarsandothersugarydrinks,aswellasvodkaandotheralcoholicdrinks.Itwasnevercleariflerikowedthelongevityofitscitizenstoonesinglething,oracombinationoffactors（因素）likeacarefreelife,freshmountainairorcleandiet,butsomethingseemstohavechangedinrecentdecades,althoughpeopleherestilldotheirbesttopreventtheirreputationfromdisappearing.24.Thefigureslistedinparagraph2aremainlyintendedtoshowA.whycentenariansprefertoliveinLerikB.whythepopulationofLerikdropsabruptlyC.theharmfuleffectofmodemlifeonlongevityD.thehighconcentrationofcentenariansinLerik25.WhatcontributiondidShiraliMuslumovmaketoLerik?A.Heintroducedanewlifestyletoit.B.Hepromotedittothewholeworld.C.Heturneditintoatouristattraction.D.Hehelpedbringitsproducetoalargermarket.26.WhatcanbelearnedaboutShiraliMuslumovfromparagraph4?A.HewasinvitedtoHarvardUniversityforavisit.B.Hewasinternationallyfamousduringhislifetime.C.HewasvisitedbyVietnameseleaderHoChiMinh.D.Hewasstillworkinginthefieldswhenhewas117.27.Whatwillthefollowingparagraphmostprobablytalkabout?A.ChangesthathavetakenplaceinLerik.B.WhypeopleinLeriktrytokeeptheirreputation.C.WhatwasthelifeofpeopleinLeriklikeinthepast.D.FactorsthatcontributetothelongevityofpeopleinLerik.CLifeinacitycanbeespeciallyhardforatree.Buildings,pollution,poorsoil,insects,andevencarcrashescanaddtotreeloss.Now,thewarmingclimateismakingatree'slifeevenharder,Between2016and2021,Seattlelostabout255hectaresoftreecovering.Climatechangewasblamedinpartfortheloss.ThencamethedriestsummeronSeattle'srecordbooksin2022.Thedrierconditionsandhottertemperatureshaveleftmanytreeswithbrownleaves,nakedbranches,andextremeseeding.Theseareallsignsoftreestress.ResearchersfromFranceandAustraliastudiedtheeffectofhottertemperaturesandlessrainonover3,100treesandotherplantsin164citiesacross78countries.Theyfoundabouthalfthetreesinthecitieswereexperiencingclimateconditionsbeyondtheirlimits.Theyalsofoundthatby2050nearlyalltreesplantedinAustraliancitieswon'tsurvive.It'snotthegradualchangethat'sgoingtobetheproblem.It'stheseextremeswingsoftoomuchwater,toolittlewater,toomuchwind,andstormintensitiesthataregoingtocausetheserapidchanges.In2005,HurricaneKatrinadestroyedabout10%6ofthetreesinNewOrleans.Andin2021,HurricaneIdauprootedmanynewtrees.Withclimatechange,researchersarealsoconcernedthatmanycitieswilllosenewlyplantedtreesbeforetheyreachmaturity.Non-nativetreeshavebeenbroughttocitiesforsometime.However,climatechangeiscausingmanytreeexpertstospecificallyconsiderthem-apracticecalled“assistedmigration”.InBellevue,expertsaregrowingdifferentkindsoftreesspecificallyforclimatechange.Oncitygrounds,they'replantingbabygiantsequoias,justafewcentimeterstall.Thegiantsequoiasaren’tnativetothePacificNorthwestarea.ButtreemanagersinBellevueareplantingmoresequoiasbecausetheycandealwiththelackofrainandinsects.Plantingmorenon-nativetreesisalsodrawingattentiontosomethingcitytreeexpertshavelearnedfromyearsoftreedeaths:havingmanydifferentkindsandagesoftreesisimportanttokeepurbanforestsalive.28.WhathappenedtoSeattlein2022?A.Manytreesthereshowedsignsofstress.B.Climatechangeattractedpublicattention.C.Itexperiencedthedriestweatherintheworld.D.Itstreecoveringdecreasedbyabout255hectares.29.Whichofthefollowingconditionsismostlikelytocausetreedeaths?A.Frequentsmallstorms.B.Gradualclimatechange.C.Suddenextremeweather.D.Lackofabundantsunshine.30.Whatconclusioncanbedrawnwhenilcomestokeepingcitytreecoveringalive?A.Theyounger,thebetter.B.Thegreaterspace,thebetter.C.Thefewernon-nativetrees,thebetter.D.Thegreaterdiversity,thebetter.31.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.CityTreesCanHelpFightClimateChangeB.ClimateChangeCausesCityTreestoStruggleC.TreesPlayaSpeciallyImportantRoleinCitiesD.AssistedMigrationHelpsKeepUrbanForestsAliveDYouprobablyknowthatsunshineaffectsyourmentalandphysicalhealth.Newresearchshowsitmayalsoaffectyourappetite-butonlyifyou'remale.ThatfindingsurprisedCarmitLevy,whohadbeenstudyinghowultraviolet-B（UV-B）raysaffecttheskinofmice.Thesun'sUV-Braysarethemaincauseofsunburnsandskinchangesthatcanleadtocancer.Levyexposedmicetotheseraysforafewweeks.Thedosewassoweakthatitdidn'tcauseanyredness.ButLevynoticedchangesintheanimals'fattissue.Partofthemicealsobecameheavier.Levyorderednewmicetolookintotheseunexpectedchanges.Thenewgroupincludedamixofmalesandfemales.ShefoundthatUV-Bexposureaugmentedtheappetiteofmalemice-butnotfemales'.Themalesalsoworkedhardertogetatfoodthatwasdifficulttoreach.Somethingwasreallymotivatingthemtoeatmore.Shewonderedwhethersunlightmighthaveasimilareffectonpeople.Tofinditout,shegatheredvolunteersfortwostudies.BothsuggestedthatmenandwomenmayresponddifferentlytoUV-B.Butthenumberofvolunteersinthesetestswastoosmalltobepersuasive.Fortunately,Levy'scolleagueAndrewshadaccesstodatafromalmost3,000people.They'dallparticipatedinIsrael'sfirstnutritionsurvey,some20yearsbefore.Thesedatashowedthat1,330ofthesurveyedmenconsumedmorefoodinsummermonths.FromMarchtoSeptember,theytendedtodownabout2,188dailycalories.Theyaveragedonlyabout1,875caloriesfromOctobertoFebruary.The1,661womeninthisstudyconsumedabout1,500caloriesperdayallyearlong.Longerdaysinsummergivemalesofmanyspeciesmoretimetohuntandprovidefortheirfamilies.Consumingmorefoodwouldgivethemtheenergytodojustthat.Inhumanevolution,UV-Bmighthavemotivatedourmaleancestorstohuntmoretohelptheircommunitysurvive.32.Whathappenedtothemiceafterweeks'exposuretoUV-Brays?A.Theirfattissuedecreased.B.Someofthemgainedweight.C.Theirskinbecamereddened.D.Someofthemdevelopedcancer.33.Theunderlinedword“augmented"inparagraph3isclosestinmeaningto“__”A.increasedB.controlledC.lessenedD.replaced34.WhatdidLevydowhenshefoundherstudiesweren'tconvincingenough?A.Shegatheredmorevolunteers.B.Shesetouttoconductmoretests.C.Sheinvitedmorescientiststojoinher.D.Sheturnedtosomepreviousresearchdata.35.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkabout?A.Advantagesofmalesofmanyspeciesoverfemales.B.Reasonswhymalesofmanyspeciesprefersummer.C.BenefitsofUV-Bexposuretomalesofmanyspecies.D.Effectsofsunlightonthehealthofmalesofmanyspecies.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分,滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項,并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Lazinessduringchildhoodoftentranslatesintoalazyadulthoodaswell.Herearesometipstohelpyouavoidraisingalazykid.ResistgivinginOneoftheprimaryreasonschildrenfeelencouragedtobelazyisthattheyknowtheirparentswilldotheirworkforthemiftheydon'tdoitthemselves.Simplyscoldingorshoutingatyourkidswon'thelpifyouchoosetogiveinlater.Instead,bestrongenoughtomakeyourkidsfinishtheirchoresthemselvesorelseletthemfacetheconsequences.36TalkaboutresponsibilityWhileit'snaturaltofeelprotectiveaboutyourchildren,thedevelopmentofasenseofresponsibilityduringchildhoodisextremelyimportant.37.Explainthatlazinessduringchildhoodwillresultinalazyadulthoodandpoorperformanceinbothprofessionalandpersonallife.NotedownchoresIt'sbettertoclarifytoyourchildrenthattheyareresponsibleforcompletingcertainchoresaroundthehouse.38.Forexample,youcanmakeyourfive-year-oldthrowawayrubbishorwipedishesafterthey'rewashed.Witholderkidsthereshouldbespecificchoreswithtimelinesanddetailedconsequences.39Inordertoteachkidsnottobelazy,youhavetofirsttrynottobelazyinfrontofyourkids.Wheneveryouarefacedwithadifficultsituationlikegoingforajogvs.lazinginfrontofthetelevision,choosethemoreresponsibleoption.Explaintoyourkidsthereasonsbehindyourchoosingthisoptionandthepossiblefutureadvantagesthatitoffers.40.However,asaparent,itisoneofthegreatestlessonsyoucaneverteachyourkids.A.LeadbyexampleB.TeachthroughexperienceC.Theartofnotbeinglazyisn'taneasyonetolearnD.TalktoyourkidsaboutthedisadvantagesofbeinglazyE.Oncethishappens,kidswillquicklylearnnottobelazyF.Asthekidtakesresponsibility,hisself-confidencewillincreaseG.Evenifyourkidsareverysmall,it'snecessarytogivethemtinychores第三部分語言知識運用（共兩節(jié),滿分45分）第一節(jié)（共20小題；每小題1.5分,滿分30分）閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項,并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。ItwasjustthreedaysfromThanksgiving,andmyhusband,Gerald,andIwereveryfarfromhome.Asatouringmusicduo（二人組合）,we＇dgotten41tobeingawayfromourfamilyformonthsonend.We'd42countlessbirthdays,anniversaries,andfamilycelebrations.43,thiswasourfirsttimetobeawayfromourfamiliesforThanksgiving.ThethoughtofitwasmorethanIcould44I45todosomething.IwroteapostonFacebook:“We'reabouttospendThanksgivingaloneinWinnipeg,Manitoba.Doesanyoneknowofachurchhostingapublicdinner?”Afriend46replied.“Myfriendsliveoutsidethecity.I'llconnectyouwiththem!”So,threedayslater,wefoundourselvesdrivingtothesmalltownofDauphin,Manitoba.Wepulledupinfrontofasmalllakesidehousewhereasmilingcouplewere47us.AsweenteredBettyandGary'shome,wewereimmediatelymetwith48comingfromBetty,Garyandtheirguests.Wegatheredaroundthetable;49weremade.Iwas50todiscoverthatnoonetherewasfamilybyblood,butwewereall51bysomething.IquietlypulledBettyasideandsaid,“Afterthemeal,ifyoulike,we'dlovetoperformamini-concertforyourguestsasour52.”Shereplied,“Youhavenoideahowmuchwe'dlovethat!”WhenGeraldpulledouthisguitar,webegantosing.Soonournewfriendsalso53us.WethoughtweweregoingtospendThanksgivingwith54,butwereallydidn't.Something55happenswhengoodfoodisgenerouslysharedaroundanopentable.56begin.Laughterstartstoflow.Divisions57.Relationshipsareborn.Memoriesare58.Throughthesimpleactofsharingamealtogether,wediscoverwe'reconnectedbyour59tolove,ourneedforunderstanding,andourcommonhumanity.Whataperfect60tocelebrateThanksgiving!41. A.opposed B.attached C.devoted D.accustomed42. A.expected B.missed C.attended D.recorded43. A.However B.Besides C.Instead D.Therefore44. A.resist B.remember C.bear D.control45. A.pretended B.determined C.agreed D.happened46. A.gratefully B.frequently C.curiously D.instantly47. A.waitingfor B.caringfor C.searchingfor D.votingfor48. A.honesty B.warmth C.courage D.patience49. A.limitations B.adjustments C.introductions D.instructions50. A.shocked B.threatened C.embarrassed D.disappointed51. A.moved B.marked C.connected D.comforted52. A.reaction B.contribution C.admission D.preparation53. A.praised B.reminded C.impressed D.joined54. A.strangers B.families C.colleagues D.students55. A.familiar B.practical C.special D.educational56. A.Presentations B.Conversations C.Negotiations D.Reservations57. A.shrink B.remain C.compromise D.disappear58. A.created B.valued C.stored D.recalled59. A.freedom B.choice C.desire D.promise60. A.way B.time C.gift D.place第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分,滿分15分）閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式,并將答案填寫在答題卡上。Teaisasimpledrink.Anditis61（center）tothelivesofmillionsofpeopleworldw