中考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)（課件+精練）：第5講　介詞

第五講

介詞考點(diǎn)一考點(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)三考點(diǎn)四介詞的分類(一)時(shí)間介詞at,

in和on考點(diǎn)一考點(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)三考點(diǎn)四Iusuallygetupatsix.我通常在六點(diǎn)起床。BillwasbornonDecember12th,1992.比爾出生于1992年12月12日。Iwillcomebackinthreedays.我三天后回來。典例1Timisgoingtogivehisfatherasurprise

Father’sDay.

A.in

B.atC.on D.by解析:在具體某一天之前用介詞on。故選C項(xiàng)。答案:C考點(diǎn)一考點(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)三考點(diǎn)四考點(diǎn)一考點(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)三考點(diǎn)四考點(diǎn)一考點(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)三考點(diǎn)四考點(diǎn)一考點(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)三考點(diǎn)四4.—Hurryup!There’sabuscoming!—Whyrun?Therewillbeanotherone

twoorthreeminutes.

A.by B.inC.for D.at答案:B解析:由句子中的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞will可知本句中的時(shí)間狀語應(yīng)是表示一般將來時(shí)態(tài)的時(shí)間狀語。“in

+

一段時(shí)間”,

表示將來的一段時(shí)間。句意:

為什么跑呢?

兩三分鐘后,

還會(huì)有另一輛公共汽車的。故選B項(xiàng)?？键c(diǎn)一考點(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)三考點(diǎn)四(二)地點(diǎn)介詞(短語)1.方位介詞in,

at,

on和to(1)in+較大地點(diǎn);at+較小地點(diǎn)。如:WhendidyouarriveinShanghai?你是什么時(shí)候到上海的?考點(diǎn)一考點(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)三考點(diǎn)四(2)包含在整體內(nèi)部的用in,接壤用on,不相鄰用to。如:BisintheeastofA.CisontheeastofA.DistotheeastofA.ShandongisintheeastofChina.山東在中國(guó)的東部。JiangxiisontheeastofHunan.江西在湖南的東部。ShanghaiistotheeastofHubei.上海在湖北的東部?？键c(diǎn)一考點(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)三考點(diǎn)四2.“上下”

介詞on,

above,

over,

below和under(1)on“在……上面”,表示兩者接觸。如:Theteacherputhistextbookontheteacher’sdesk.老師把課本放在講桌上。(2)above“在……的上方”,表示兩者不接觸,其反義詞為below“在……的下方”。考點(diǎn)一考點(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)三考點(diǎn)四(3)over“在……正上方”,表示兩者不接觸,其反義詞為under“在……正下方”。如:Wecanbuildabridgeovertheriver.我們可以在河上建一座橋。Mycatislyingunderthechair.我的貓正躺在椅子下面?？键c(diǎn)一考點(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)三考點(diǎn)四3.“前后”

介詞in

front

of,

in

the

front

of和behindThere’saplaygroundinfrontofthelibraryandaswimmingpoolbehindit.圖書館前面有個(gè)操場(chǎng),后面有個(gè)游泳池。Theboylikestositinthefrontofhisfather’scar.那個(gè)男孩喜歡坐在他爸爸的車的前座上。4.“左右”

介詞短語on

the

left/right

of,“旁邊”

介詞beside/by,“對(duì)面”

介詞短語across

fromLindasitsbeside/byme,justonmyleft.琳達(dá)坐在我旁邊,正好在我左邊?？键c(diǎn)一考點(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)三考點(diǎn)四5.“里外”

介詞in,

inside,

into,

outside和out

of(1)in“在……內(nèi)部”。如:Thepenisinmypencilcase.鋼筆在我的鉛筆盒里。(2)inside“在……里面/到……里面”,反義詞outside“在……外面”。如:Weareaskedtostayinsidethebuildingatwork.我們被要求待在樓里工作。(3)into“到……內(nèi)”,其反義短語為outof。如:Poursomemilkintotheblender.把一些牛奶倒入攪拌機(jī)里?？键c(diǎn)一考點(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)三考點(diǎn)四典例2Paul’smotherisanurse.Sheworks

ahospital.

A.with B.onC.of D.in解析:in

a

hospital“在醫(yī)院里”。故選D項(xiàng)。答案:D考點(diǎn)一考點(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)三考點(diǎn)四考點(diǎn)一考點(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)三考點(diǎn)四考點(diǎn)一考點(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)三考點(diǎn)四考點(diǎn)一考點(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)三考點(diǎn)四考點(diǎn)一考點(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)三考點(diǎn)四(三)方式、手段、工具等介詞

考點(diǎn)一考點(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)三考點(diǎn)四典例3Class,let’sseewhocanspellthemostwords

theseletters.

A.at B.intoC.on D.with解析:句意:

同學(xué)們,

讓我們看看誰能用這些字母拼寫出最多的單詞。with“用”。故選D項(xiàng)。答案:D考點(diǎn)一考點(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)三考點(diǎn)四考點(diǎn)一考點(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)三考點(diǎn)四考點(diǎn)一考點(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)三考點(diǎn)四考點(diǎn)一考點(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)三考點(diǎn)四12.—Howdoyoustudyforatest?—

workingwithfriends.

A.By B.WithC.On D.For答案:A解析:句意:

——你是怎么為考試做準(zhǔn)備的?

——通過和朋友們一起學(xué)習(xí)。by“通過……方式”;

with“和……在一起”;

on“在……上面”;

for“為了……”。故A項(xiàng)符合句意。考點(diǎn)一考點(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)三考點(diǎn)四(四)其他介詞

考點(diǎn)一考點(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)三考點(diǎn)四考點(diǎn)一考點(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)三考點(diǎn)四典例4Chinesewillbewidelyused

aforeignlanguagearoundtheworld.

A.in B.forC.as D.by解析:be

used

as“被用作……”。故選C項(xiàng)。答案:C考點(diǎn)一考點(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)三考點(diǎn)四考點(diǎn)一考點(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)三考點(diǎn)四考點(diǎn)一考點(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)三考點(diǎn)四考點(diǎn)一考點(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)三考點(diǎn)四考點(diǎn)一考點(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)三考點(diǎn)四介詞的搭配

考點(diǎn)一考點(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)三考點(diǎn)四典例5Manywildanimalsare

,andit’stimeforustodowhateverwecantoprotectthem.

A.onduty B.onshowC.inorder D.indanger解析:句意:

許多野生動(dòng)物處在危險(xiǎn)中,

到了我們做我們能做的來保護(hù)它們的時(shí)候了。in

danger“處在危險(xiǎn)中”。故選D項(xiàng)。答案:D考點(diǎn)一考點(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)三考點(diǎn)四考點(diǎn)一考點(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)三考點(diǎn)四考點(diǎn)一考點(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)三考點(diǎn)四考點(diǎn)一考點(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)三考點(diǎn)四考點(diǎn)一考點(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)三考點(diǎn)四介詞短語的語法功能

考點(diǎn)一考點(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)三考點(diǎn)四考點(diǎn)一考點(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)三考點(diǎn)四典例6—Doyourememberwhatshelookedlikewhenyoufirstmether?—Ofcourse.Shewastallandthin

longhair.

A.in B.withC.on D.at解析:句意:

——你記得你第一次見到她時(shí)她的樣子嗎?

——當(dāng)然。她個(gè)子高,

瘦,

長(zhǎng)發(fā)。in“在……里”;

with“具有”;

on“在……上”;

at“在……地點(diǎn)”。結(jié)合句意,

選B項(xiàng)。答案:B考點(diǎn)一考點(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)三考點(diǎn)四考點(diǎn)一考點(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)三考點(diǎn)四考點(diǎn)一考點(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)三考點(diǎn)四常見易混介詞辨析1.between和among

between表示在兩者之間;among表示在三者或三者以上之間。如:Thevillageliesbetweentwomountains.這個(gè)村莊位于兩座山之間。Thevillageliesamongmountains.這個(gè)村莊位于群山之中。典例7Sleepingisapopularwaytorelax

students.

A.on B.amongC.about D.between解析:among“在……中間”,

用于三者或三者以上。故選B項(xiàng)。答案:B考點(diǎn)一考點(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)三考點(diǎn)四考點(diǎn)一考點(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)三考點(diǎn)四考點(diǎn)一考點(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)三考點(diǎn)四考點(diǎn)一考點(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)三考點(diǎn)四考點(diǎn)一考點(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)三考點(diǎn)四2.across,

through和over考點(diǎn)一考點(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)三考點(diǎn)四典例8—Excuseme,whereisthebookstore?—Go

thebridge.You’llseeitonyourleft.

A.on B.overC.across D.through解析:句意:

——打擾了,

書店在哪里?

——過了這座橋。你會(huì)在右邊看到它。on“在……上面”;

over“在……上方”;

across“從一個(gè)平面上穿過”;

through“在空間內(nèi)穿過”?！斑^橋”

指從橋的一端到達(dá)另一端。故選C項(xiàng)。答案:C考點(diǎn)一考點(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)三考點(diǎn)四考點(diǎn)一考點(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)三考點(diǎn)四考點(diǎn)一考點(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)三考點(diǎn)四考點(diǎn)一考點(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)三考點(diǎn)四3.except,

besides和but考點(diǎn)一考點(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)三考點(diǎn)四典例9—Alice,wouldyouliketogohikingwithus?—Whatapity!Iamfreeeveryday

today.

A.for B.exceptC.besides D.among解析:由答語“真遺憾!”

可知“除了今天我每天都有空”。故用except。答案:B考點(diǎn)一考點(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)三考點(diǎn)四考點(diǎn)一考點(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)三考點(diǎn)四考點(diǎn)一考點(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)三考點(diǎn)四考點(diǎn)一考點(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)三考點(diǎn)四考點(diǎn)一考點(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)三考點(diǎn)四4.since和for考點(diǎn)一考點(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)三考點(diǎn)四典例10Ourreadingclubsharesideaswitheachother

onehoureveryTuesday.

A.to B.onC.at D.for解析:for后跟時(shí)間段。故選D項(xiàng)。答案:D考點(diǎn)一考點(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)三考點(diǎn)四考點(diǎn)一考點(diǎn)