黑龍江省哈爾濱市香坊區(qū)2021-2023年中考英語(yǔ)一模試題分類匯編：閱讀理解

黑龍江省哈爾濱市香坊區(qū)

2021-2023年中考英語(yǔ)一模試題分類匯編

閱讀理解

2023年黑龍江省哈爾濱市香坊區(qū)中考一模英語(yǔ)試題

三、閱讀理解(本題共20分，每小題1分)

(A)

Here'salistofsomegreatinventionsmadebywomen.

Inventor:EllenFitz

Time:1875

FitzwasateacherinAmericawhensheinventedtheglobe（地球儀）which

couldshowtheearth'smovementnotonly|bydayandnightbutalsoallthe

globe

year.

Inventor:JosephineCochran

Time:1886

Itwaswomen'scommonsensethathelpedCochrancreateadishwasher（洗

JI碗機(jī)）todothedishes.Cochran'sinventionwasthefirstthatusedwaterto

dishwashertaketheresidues（殘留物）away.

Inventor:FlorenceParpart

Time:1901

Parpart'sstreetsweeper（清路機(jī)）wasn'tthefirst,butitwasmuchbetter

<!!thanearlierones.Florencemadecontracts（合約））aroundtheUnitedStates

toproduceherproduct.

Inventor:GraceMurrayHopper

Time:1952

2-r-3fl

W.??MHAsacomputerscientist,Hopperalsoinventedaproduct-computer

software（軟件）thatcouldchangelanguageintocomputercode（代碼），

■1

andshewasamemberoftheteamthatdevelopedoneofthefirstmodern

computerprogramminglanguages.

根據(jù)語(yǔ)言材料內(nèi)容選擇最佳答案。

31.WheredidFitzprobablyworkwhensheinventedtheglobe?

A.Inahospital.B.Inaschool.C.Inarestaurant.

32.WhatdidCochran'sinventionusewaterfor?

A.Makingthedishesorbowlsclean.B.Cookingfood.C.Wateringflowers.

33.WhatdidGraceMurrayHopperdo?

A.Abusinesswoman.B.Alanguageteacher.C.Awomanscientist.

34.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?

A.ThestreetsweeperinventedbyParpartwaspopularintheUnitedStates.

B.Hopperdevelopedthefirstmoderncomputerprogramminglanguageonherown.

C.Boththeglobeandthedishwasherwereinventedinthe18thcentury.

35.Wecanprobablyreadthismaterial（材料）.

A.inastorybookB.onasportswebsiteC.inasciencemagazine

（B）

Oneday,Istole50centsfrommyfather'sroombecauseIwantedtobuyascarf.Butmy

fatherfoundthatrightaway.

"Whostolethemoney?0heaskedmybrotherandme.Iwastooafraidtotalkandmybrother

saidnothing,either.Somyfathersaid,"Sincenobodywantstoadmit（承認(rèn)）,youbothshouldbe

punished!”Suddenly,myyoungerbrothersaid,“Dad,Istoleit!”Hetookthepunishment,forme.

Thatyear,mybrotherwas8yearsold.

Severalyearslater,wewereacceptedintouniversity.Butmyparentscouldn'tpayforbothof

us.Mybrothersaid,“Dad,Idon'twanttostudyanymore."Fatherbecameangry,"EvenifIhave

tobeg（乞討）fbrmoney,Iwillsendyoutwotoschool!"

Thenextday,mybrotherleftthehouse,leavinganoteonmybed,"Sister,gettingintoa

universityisnoteasy.Iwillgotofindajobandsendmoneytoyou."1heldthenote,andcried.

Thatyear,mybrotherwas17yearsoldandIwas20yearsold.

Duringmybrother'sweddingreception（婚禮）withafarmergirl,someoneaskedhim,nWho

isthepersonyourespect（尊敬）andlovemost?"

Withoutthinkingtwice,heanswered,"Mysister,henwewereinprimaryschool,oneday,I

lostoneofmygloves.Mysistergaveherstome.Whenwegothome,herhandswereshaking

becauseofthecoldweather.Fromthatdayon,IpromisedthatasloneasIlived,Iwouldalways

takegoodcareofher."

Allgueststurnedtome.Andthen,tears（眼淚）wererunningdownmyfaceagain.

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容判斷正、誤。（注意：考生將答題卡相應(yīng)位置涂黑。正確的涂"A”,錯(cuò)誤的涂“B”）

36.Thewriterstoleherfather'smoneyattheageof11becauseshewantedtobuyascarf.

37.Thewriter'sfatherpreferredtosendhissontouniversityratherthanhisdaughter.

38.Whensomeoneaskedthewriter'sbrother"Whoisthepersonyourespectandlovemost?^^,he

didn'treplyatonce.

39.Thewriter'sbrothergothelpfromhissisterwhenhewasyoung.

40.Fromthepassagewelearnthatwemaythinkwhatwedidmatterslittle,buttosomeone,it

maymeanalot.

（C）

TheInternationalDayofMathematics（數(shù)學(xué)），heldeveryyearonMarch14,isaworldwide

celebrationinwhichallcountriesjoin.DoyouknowthatMarch14hasbeenalreadycelebratedin

manycountriesasPiDay（圓周卒日）?Yes,itisbecausethisdateiswrittenas3/14,and"Pi"in

mathematicsisabout3.14.So,thisdayisallaboutmathematics!

TheInternationalDayofMathematicsisaninternationaldaythatcelebratesmathematics.It

isheldaroundtheworldtoeducatepeopleabouttheimportantroleofmathematicsinscienceand

technology,improvethequality（質(zhì)量）oflife,givewomenandgirlsmorecontrolovertheirown

lives,andhelpwithmoreandmoredevelopment.Thiswascreatedjustacoupleofyearsago.

AstheInternationalDayofMathematics,March14,waspassedinNovember2019.Later,the

worldcelebrateditsfirstInternationalDayofMathematicsonMarch14,2020,withthetheme（主

題）''MathematicsIsEverywhere".

TheInternationalDayofMathematicsistoimproveunderstandingamongthegeneralpublic

oftheimportanceofmathematicsineducation,andraiseawarenessoftheroleofmathinmodem

society,science,anddisaster（災(zāi)難）managementandmore,whichhelpspeopleknowmathbetter

andbelter.

Eachyear,thereisanewthemeforthecelebrationoftheInternationalDayofMathematics.

In2021,thethemeforthisdaywas"MathematicsforaBetterWorld”.

Mathematicsisaninterestingsubject,andeveryoneneedstogetusedtoit.So,let'slearn

math,enjoymath,andcelebratemathwithallourheartsandbrains!

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容選擇最佳答案。

41.WhyistheInternationalDayofMathematicsonMarch14?

A.BecauseMarch14or3/14hassomethingtodowiththefirstthreenumbersof兀.

B.BecauseallcountrieslikejoininginmathactivitiesonMarch14.

C.Becausemathematicsisbecomingmoreandmoreimportant.

42.WhatisthemainideaofParagraph4?

A.TolisttheadvantagesoftheInternationalDayofMathematics.

B.TotellusthattheInternationalDayofMathematicsisaninternationalday.

C.ToexplainwhatthepurposeoftheInternationalDayofMathematicsis.

43.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?

A.ThethemeofthesecondInternationalDayofMathematicsis"MathematicsforaBetter

World^^.

B.TheInternationalDayofMathematicshasalonghistory.

C.Womenandgirlscan'tcontroltheirownlivesatalliftheydon'tlearnmathematics.

44.Theunderlinedword"awareness"inthepassagemeansinChinese.

A.措施B.意識(shí)C.依據(jù)

45.Inthewritersopinion（觀點(diǎn)）,mathematicsis.

A.difficultandcreativeB.helpfulandsurprisingC.interestingandimportant

（D）

TheEnglishpeoplehavemanytraditionsbutthereisnothingmoretypical（典型的）than

takingafternoontea.46.

Thisspecialmealincludesdrinkingteaandeatingsandwichesundsomesmallcakes.Itfirst

appearedinthe1840s,andwasbetweenlunchanddinner.

47.________________________

1.Makesureyouorderthecorrectthing-itisafternoonlea,nothightea,oracreamtea.

2.Dresssmartly.48.________________

3.Whenyousitdown,placeqnapkin（餐巾紙）onyourlegs.49.

4.Stir（攪動(dòng)）yourteacorrectly.Stirbackandforth（前）notaroundincircles.

5.Startbyeatingthesandwichesfirstbeforemovingontothesweetthings.

6.50.Thiswillallowyoutojoininconversationswithoutalwayshavingafull

mouth.

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，將下面方框內(nèi)的句子還原到文中空白處，使短文內(nèi)容完整、通順（每個(gè)

選項(xiàng)只能用一次）。

A.Itwillkeepyourclothesclean.

B.Certainplacesneedamantowearajacketandaticandladiesshouldwearahat.

C.Eatwithsmallbites（咬）.

D.NowremembertheserulesifyouwanttohaveEnglishafternoontea.

E.Englishpeoplehavestrongenjoymentofdrinkingtea,withmorethan160mcupsdrunkevery

day.

三、閱讀理解（本題共20分，每小題1分）

（A）

AI（人工智自臺(tái)）makesourliveseasierandbetter.LefsseethesurprisingAI.

Yourclosefriend

CooldriverlessHi,everyone.I'mXiaoice,

carchatbot（聊天機(jī)器人）.1

Abusdooropensspeaklikea17-year-oldgirl.

andyougeton.Ifyoufeellonely,youcan

Wait,whereisthedriver?Hereisanewkindoftalkwithme.Idowellin

driverlessbuscalledApolong.Itcanseat14peoplesinging,writingpoemsand

anddoesn'tneedadriver.Thebusfollowstraffictellingstories.Iwanttobeyourfriend!

rules.Itstopsassoonasitseesastoplight.

World'sfirstAIanchorPopularAIartist

Thisbeautifulpaintingwas

Hey,look!Thefamousatanauction（拍賣）in

Chineseanchor（主播）Qiu2020.Itwassoldforabout

Haoisreportingthenewsfor3,000,000yuan!Butitisnotaworkbyafamous

us.But,isHheureallyQiuHao?Theanswerist4noM.painter,suchasVincentvanGogh.Itwaspaintedby

Thisistheworld'sfirstAIanchor.ItlooksandspeaksanAIartist.ThreeFrenchmencreatedtheAI.TheAI

justlikearealperson.ItspeaksbothChineseandartiststudiedover15,000paintings.Inthisway,it

English.Itcanwork24hourswithoutanymistakes.learnedtopaint.Nowitisamongthemostpopular

YoumightseeitonTVsoon.artistsintheworld.

根據(jù)語(yǔ)言材料內(nèi)容選擇最佳答案。

()31.Wecanfindtheinformationin.

A.aguidebookB.anewspaperC.anotice

()32.TheinformationaboutApolongisthat.

A.thedoorisopenedbythepassenger

B.itcancarry14peopleincludingadriver

C.itcan'tbreakthetrafficrulesingeneral

()33.Xiaoicecantomakeyoulesslonely.

A.goouttoplaywithyou

B.dance,readpoemsandtellstories

C.communicatewithyoulikeyourfriend

()34.Thepaintingatanauctionin2020is.

A.oneoftheworkspaintedbyVincentvanGogh

B.aspecialworkthatwasnotpaintedbyafamouspainter

C.amongthemostbeautifulpaintingsintheworld

()35.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

A.Xiaoicesoundslikeaseven-year-oldgirl.

B.TheAIanchorcanworkthewholedaywithoutmistakes.

C.TheAIartististhemostpopularartistintheworld.

(B)

Istoodtherelisteningtomyfathershoutatthetopofhisvoice.t4Whichoneofyoudidthis?”

Weallstareddownatastep.Therewasachild'shandwritinginchalkthere.Wouldheguessitwas

me?Iwassoscared.Whenheaskedme,Ilied,“Notme,Dad."Theothersdenied(否認(rèn))itas

well.Ofcourse,weallknewthatoneofusmusthavedoneit.Butastheyoungestandsmallestof

thethree.Ijustcouldn'tfindthecouragetotellthetruth.

Tofindoutwhohadwrittenonthestep,Fathergaveuseachapieceofpaperandapencil.4tI

wanteachofyoutowriteexactlywhatyouseeonthestep.*'Itriedmybesttowritethewords

different-ly.Ididn'twantDadtobeabletotellitwasme.

Hegatheredupourpiecesofpaperandlookedatthem."Sincenoneofyouwilladmit(承

認(rèn))tohavingdoneit,thenIwillpunishyouIstoodthereandsaidnothing.t6Ididit."My

sistersteppedforwardandsaidshehaddonesomethingshehadn't.Shewasallowednottogoout

foramonth.

Ididn*ttellmydaditwasreallymeuntilmanyyearslater.Ialwaysfeltsorrybecauseofit.That

wasthelasttimeIletanyonetaketheblame(承擔(dān)責(zé)任)forme.

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容判斷正、誤。(注意：考生將答題卡相應(yīng)位置涂黑。正確的涂“A”，錯(cuò)誤的涂"B”)

()36.Fatheraskedusgentlywhodiditwhenseeingachild'shandwritinginchalkonthestep.

()37.Fathergaveeachofusapieceofpaperandapentofindoutwhodidit.

()38.Mysisteradmittedtohavingdoneitsothattheotherchildrencouldavoidbeingpunished.

()39.IstillfeltsorryaboutitevenifthatwastheonlytimeIdidn'ttaketheblameformy

mistake.

()40.Fromthisstory,wehavelearnedthewriterhaslearnedtotakeresponsibilityforhimself.

(C)

Puberlyisthestageoflifewhenyoungpeopleleavechildhoodandheadintoadulthood.Itis

adifficultprocessforteenagersbecauseithasaneffectonboththeirmindsandbodies.Theyneed

tounderstandwhatisgoingonwiththeirbodies,howtodealwiththosechangesandhowtostart

takingresponsibilityforthemselves.

Ayoungpersonmaybeginpubertyat8,whileanothermaynotstartpubertyuntil14or15.In

general,girlsstartpubertytwoyearsbeforeboysdo.Forbothgirlsandboys,itisusually

completebytheageof18.

Duringtheseyears,thebodydevelopsinmanyways.Feelingscanalsochangequickly.

Teenageboysatthisstageoftenbegintotakeunnecessaryrisks.Theirfocusisonhavingfun

andbeingacceptedbyothers.Theyneedtothinkbeforetheyactandmakegooddecisionsfor

themselves.

Agirfspersonality(性格)oftendoesnotdevelopinthesamewayasaboy's.Teenagegirls

sometimesloseconfidenceinthemselves.Theyarenolongercertainabouttheirownfeelings.Yet

theyareusuallyafraidtotelltheirparentsorteachersabouttheirproblems.Forthisreason,

teenagegirlsshouldbeencouragedtodiscussthingswithtrustedadults.

Parents,schoolsandcommunitiescandoalottocareforandhelpyoungpeople.Itis

everyone'sresponsibilitytomakesurethatyoungpeoplegrowintohealthyadults.

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容選擇最佳答案。

()41.Theunderlinedword“Puberty”inthepassagemeans"_"inChinese.

A.幼兒期B.青春期C.成熟期

()42.Teenageboysoftentakeunnecessaryrisksbecause.

A.theirfeelingschangequickly

B.theyneedtounderstandwhatisgoingon

C.theylikedoingsomethingforfunandriskingandwishtobeacceptedbyothers.

()43.Parentsorteachersshouldencourageteenagegirlstodiscussthingswiththembecause____.

①theydon'thaveconfidenceinthemselves

②theycan*tthinkseriouslybeforeacting

(3)theydon'tbelievetheirownfeelings

④theydarenottelltheirproblemstotheirparentsorteachers

A.①②④B.②③④C.①③④

（）44.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

A.Pubertydoesn'thaveaneffectonteenagers*mindsbutbodies.

B.Ingeneral,boysstartpubertytwoyearsaftergirlsdo.

C.It'sonlyparents*responsibilitytomakesurethatteenagersgrowintoadultshealthily.（）45.The

passageismainlyabout____.

A.theintroductiontopuberty

B.thedifferencesbetweenboysandgirls

C.theresponsibilityofparents,schoolsandcommunities

（D）

Fromyourfirstlibraryvisitfor“storytime,,toyourdaysspentstudyingasastudentat

collegeoruniversity,youwillspendalotoftimeinlibrariesduringyourlifetime.Butdoyou

knowhowtobe-haveinthelibrary?Whydopeoplealwayswhisper（耳語(yǔ)）?46

Yourbehaviorinthelibrarymustbedifferentfromyourbehaviorathome.Whenyougoto

theli-brary,youshouldturnoffyourphoneorputitonsilent（靜音模式）.47Ifacallmustbe

made,youshouldgooutsidetomakeit.

Librariesareplacesforpeopletostudy.48Ifyouwanttodiscussthingswithyourstudy

group,findastudyroomforyourgroup.Mostcollegelibrarieshavesuchstudyrooms.49Forone

thing,thenoisesyoumakemaymakeothersangryorunhappy.Inaddition,yourfoodcrumbs（碎

屑）mightmakethebooksdirty.

Rememberthisgoldenrule:alwaystreatothersthewayyouwanttobetreated.50

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，將下面方框內(nèi)的句子還原到文中空白處，使短文內(nèi)容完整、通順（每個(gè)選項(xiàng)

只能用一次）。

A.Soundsfromyourphonemaydisturb（打擾）otherpeople.

B.Don'teatordrinkwhenyouareinthelibrary.

C.Herearesomerulesforyoutolearnandrespect.

D.Ifyoufollowthisrule,youwillenjoyyourselfinthelibrary.

E.Therefore,youneedtospeakinalowvoice.

2021年黑龍江省哈爾濱市香坊區(qū)中考一模英語(yǔ)試題

（A）

TheFLSA（FairLaborStandardsAct）setsrulesaboutthedays,hoursthat14-,15-,16-and

17-year-oldemployees（雇員）canwork.

Agesatwhichteens

TheFLSAsetstheminimum（最小的）workingageat14fbrjobs.Andworkersaged

arelegally（合法地）

from14to17can'tdodangerousjobs.

allowedtowork

HoursthatteensareChildrenaged14-15canonlyworkwhentheyarenotinschool.They

Ages14-15

legallyallowedtocanworkupto3hoursonaschoolday,and18hoursintotalduringa

workschoolweek.

Theycanworkupto8hoursonanon-schoolday,and40hoursintotal

duringanon-schoolweek.

Thereisnolimitonthehours.However,youcan'tdoajobwhichis

Ages16-17

dangerous.

Generally,teenagerswhoworkshouldbepaidatleast$7.25anhour.Workersunder20

Teenwages（工資）

canbepaidaminimumwageof$4.25forthefirst90daysinarow（連續(xù)地）.

根據(jù)語(yǔ)言材料內(nèi)容這號(hào)擇最佳答案。

31.TheFISAisprobablya（an）.

A.advertisementB.lawC.organization

32.Accordingtothepassage,whendoteenagersworkwithlimitsontheirhours?

A.Betweentheagesof14and15.

B.Betweentheagesof16and17.

C.Betweentheagesof18and20.

33.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtotheinformationabove?

A.Teenagerscanonlyget$14.5iftheyworkfortwohours.

B.Tom（15）can'tworkformorethan18hoursinaweekduringthesummerholiday.

C.Teenagerswhoare16arenotallowedtododangerousjobs.

34.Workersunder20canbepaidatleast$4.25forinarow（連續(xù)地）.

A.thefirstthreemonthsB.thelast90daysC.thefirst90weeks

35.Thispassageiswrittento.

A.encourageteenagerstodosomesocialwork

B.makeparentspayattentiontotheirchildren'sworkingenvironment

C.helpteenagerslearnmoreabouttherulestoprotectthemselves

（B）

Onedayafanner'sdonkey（驢）felldownintoawell（井）whichwasofnouse.Theanimal

criedforhoursasthefarmertriedtofindoutwhattodo.Thefarmertriedhisbest,however,none

ofhiswaysworked.Finally,hedecidedtogiveupbecausetheanimalwasold,andthewell

neededtobecoveredupanyway.Sohedecidedtobury（埋）thedonkey.

Heinvitedallhisneighborstocomeoverandhelphim.Theyeachheldashovel（鏟）and

begantoshoveldirt（土）intothewell.Atfirst,thedonkeyrealisedwhatwashappeningandcried

terriblyagain,thenslowlyhebecamequiet.Afewshovelslater,thefarmerlookeddownthewell,

andwasgreatlysurprisedatwhathesaw.Witheveryshovelofdirtthathithisback,thedonkey

wasdoingsomethingamazing.Asthefarmer'sneighborscontinuedtoshoveldirtontopofthe

animal,hewouldshakeitoffandtakeastepup.Prettysoon,everyonewasamazedasthedonkey

steppedupoverthesideofthewellandgotoutquickly!

Lifeisgoingtoshoveldirtonyou,allkindsofdirt.Thegoodwayofgettingoutofthewell

istostopcrying,andnottoletthedirtburyyou,buttoshakeitoffandtakeastepup.Eachofour

troublesisasteppingstone.Wecangetoutofthedeepestwelljustbynotstopping,nevergiving

up,shakingitoff,andtakingastepup!

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容判斷正、誤。（注意：考生將答題卡相應(yīng)位置涂黑。正確的涂“A"，錯(cuò)誤的涂"B"）

36.Thefarmerwastoooldtohelpthedonkeyoutofthewell.

37.Thewellneededcoveringupbecauseitwasuseless.

38.Thefannerinvitedsomeofhisneighborstocomeoverandhelphim.

39.Thedonkeycriedterriblyagainbecauseitknewitwasingreatdanger.

40.Fromthestorywecanlearnthatwhatevertroublewehave,weshouldfreeourmindfrom

woniesandfindourwayout.

（C）

Climate（氣候）changewillnotonlyincreasetheworld'saverage（平均）temperature,and

itwillalsoincreasetheheatwaves（熱浪）thatareharmingpeopleandwildlifeevennow.

Summertimeisquicklybecomingadangerousseasonforalllifeontheearth.

Heatwaveshavealreadyproducedattractivedeathsinanimals.Heatstroke（中暑）fromsuch

e-

eventsisalsoapresentdangerforpeople,especiallytheold.

Heatwavescanalsohavemoreeffectsonthebodiesofanimals.Ifwildanimalsare

experiencingterriblyhightemperatures,althoughyouwon'tseedeath,youmightseechangesin

theirbodiesthatshowthey'regettingclosetodeath.Bystudyingresponseslikethese,scientists

couldgetanearlywarmingsignbeforeheatwavesstarttoproducemoreseriousresults.Some

researchdealswiththesekindsofresponsestomakepredictionsabouthowclimatechangewill

haveaninfluenceonhumans,animalsandecosystems.Asforwhenthiskindofeventswill

happenandjusthowterriblethey'llbe,predictionsaredifferent.Wecan'tsayit'sgoingtohappen

nextyear.ButifwecontinuegivingoffCO2likethis,bytheendofthiscentury,we'regoingtosee

heatwavesthatwillbemorepowerfulthanthosethathavekilledlargenumbersofpeopleand

wildlife.

Ascarbondioxide（CO2）andothergreenhousegases（氣體）keepinheatandraisetheearth*s

averagetemperature,theheatwaveswillcomemoreoften.

Climatechangeishavingagreatinlluenceontheearth.Scientistsarenowcallingforaction

todealwiththebadinfluenceofheatwavesontheplanet.

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容選擇最佳答案。

41.Whatcanwelearnfromthefirstparagraph?

A.Heatwavescanhelpdealwithclimatechange.

B.Temperatureincreaseisrelatedtoclimatechange.

C.Wildlifewon'tbeharmedbyheatwaves.

42.The