2023學年完整公開課版Book3Unit4ReadingII

Unit4Astronomy:thescienceofthestars

Reading（Ⅱ）

1.Todiscoverandlearntousesomeusefulwordsandexpressions.2.Todiscoverandlearntousesomeusefulstructures.LearningaimsPleaseretellthepassageaccordingtothepictures.RevisionLeading-inBigBangAsolidballAtmosphereTheearthWaterPlantsinthewaterShellfishandfishPlantsonlandInsectsandamphibiansReptilesDinosaursMammals1.Nooneknowsexactlyhowtheearthbegan,asithappenedsolongago.沒有人準確地知道地球的起源，因為那發(fā)生在很久以前。本句為復合句,as引導的從句表示_____。原因Languagepoints

(2)

because表示聽者未知的原因，可回答why的提問，也可用在強調句型中成為被強調成分，而其他幾個詞則無此用法。(3)as與since接近，但原因程度比since更強烈。(4)

for并不表示直接原因,只是為主句所說的話提供推斷的理由，引導的分句不能放在句首。

(1)since表示聽者或讀者已知的原因,即表達已知信息?！颈嫖觥縮ince/because/as/for2.Whatitwastobecomewasuncertainuntilbetween4.5and3.8billionyearsagowhenthedustsettledintoasolidglobe.它(地球)將成為什么樣子一直是個謎，直到38~45億年以前,這些塵埃才慢慢形成一個固體球體。betodosth.(a)表示“應當/必須做某事”，通常用于通知和說明書里。(b)表示“按計劃或安排將要做某事”，其完成式則表示“本來打算做某事”。(c)表示“將來不可避免要發(fā)生的事”。betodosth.

按計劃或安排要做某事Theyaretogetmarriednextmonth.他們下個月要結婚了。begoingtodo

sth.

某人打算要做某事或根據(jù)跡象要發(fā)生的事Itisgoingtorain.要下雨了。beabouttodo

sth.

即將做某事，不與時間狀語連用，常與when連用。Hewasabouttogooutwhenthedoorbellrang.他剛要出去，這時門鈴響了。【知識拓展】intime(forsth./todosth.):notlate及時；不遲Shewillbebackintimetopreparedinner.她來得及回來準備晚飯。=soonerorlater;eventually遲早；最后；終于I’llseehimintime.總有一天我會遇見他。3.intime【拓展】innotime立即，立刻atonetime曾經(jīng)，一度atatime每次，一次allthetime一直，始終atanytime在任何時候attimes有時，偶爾atthesametime同時ontime按時，準時(2013·陜西高考)Themanagerwantstoseechangesinthecompany,andIamsurehewill

.A.inparticular B.inturnC.incharge D.intime【解題關鍵】句意:經(jīng)理想看看公司的變化,我相信他遲早會看到的。inparticular尤其,特別;inturn依次,輪流;incharge負責,掌管;intime及時,遲早,最終?！炯磳W即練】4.explode

(1)（使某物）炸開，爆炸

(2)（指感情）迸發(fā)

explodewith/into...(3)（指人口）突然或迅速增加

Thefireworkexplodedinhishandandhewashurtseriously.

Thechildren

explodedintolaughter.Theteacher

explodedwithanger.Nowitisnoteasytofindjobswith

theexplodingworldpopulation.

explosionn.爆炸（聲）

explosiveadj.爆炸性的，易爆炸的【拓展】China’sfilmindustryisenjoyingaperiodofexplosivegrowth.中國的電影產(chǎn)業(yè)目前正處于一個爆炸性增長的階段。5.cooldown降溫;冷靜下來;(使)變涼;消氣;…astheearth

cooleddown,waterbegantoappearonitssurface.……隨著地球的冷卻,地球的表面開始出現(xiàn)了水。

Aheatedargumentcanbesettledbetterifbothsidescooldownfirst.Itriedtocoolherdownbutshewasstillveryangrywhensheleft.Don’tcovertheTVuntilitcoolsdown.

冷靜使消氣冷卻6.allow

vt.允許，許可，容許…allowedtheearthtodissolveharmfulgases………允許地球溶解有害氣體……allow+n./pron./doingallowsb.todobeallowedtodoMyfatherdoesn’t

allowsmoking

athome.Infact,

hedoesn’t

allowustosmoke

anywhereatanytime.Areweallowed

touse

thecomputer?beharmfulto對……有害

doharmtosb.=dosb.harm傷害某人，對某人有害處

1)Pollutionisespeciallyharmfultoanimals.

2)Smokingwilldoyoualotofharm.

Itdoesnoharm(forsb.)todo…Thereisnoharmin(sb.’s)doingsth.7.beharmfulto

Ilike_____intheautumnwhentheweatherisclearandbright.thisB.thatC.itD.oneit作形式賓語，其真正的賓語可以是不定式、動名詞和從句。C8.…whichmadeitpossibleforlifetodevelop.……那使生命發(fā)展成為可能?！炯磳W即練】(2015·浙江高考)Howwouldyoulike

ifyouwerewatchingyourfavoriteTVprogramandsomeonecameintotheroomandjustshutitoffwithoutaskingyou?A.them B.one C.thoseD.it【解題關鍵】句意：如果你正在看你最喜歡的電視節(jié)目，有人走進房間，不征求你的意見就把電視關掉，你會怎么想？表示喜好的動詞(如like,dislike,hate,appreciate等)后面有從句時,不能直接跟從句,需要用it作賓語,然后再接從句?！靖呖兼溄印?.multiplyTheymultipliedandfilledtheoceansandseaswithoxygen…它們多起來，使大洋和海洋充滿氧氣……multiply(數(shù)目上)增加，增多；乘；（使）繁殖

1)Ourproblemshavemultipliedsincelastyear.

2)

2and5multiplyto

make10.

4)Theplantsheremultiplyrapidly.3)

6multipliedby5

is30.動詞過去式過去分詞現(xiàn)在分詞意義lielaylainlying躺；位于lieliedliedlying撒謊laylaidlaidlaying擱，放；下蛋10.layThenaughtyboy____tomethatthehenthat____therejustnowhad____twoeggsthedaybefore.A.laid;laid;laidB.laid;lay;lainC.lied;laid;lainD.lied;lay;laidD【即學即練】11.bedifferentfromTheseanimalsweredifferentfromalllifeformsinthepast…這些動物與過去所有的生命形式不同……2)他們的品位和我的不同。Theirtastesaredifferentfrommine.

bevery/much/quite/entirely/totallydifferentfrom與……(完全)不同

Citylifeisquitedifferentfromcountrylife.

1)城市生活和農村生活很不同。therearedifferencesbetween…and…

……與……之間有不同之處tell…from…把……與……區(qū)分開來thesameas…與……一樣besimilarto與……相似【拓展】12.spread的用法…appearedandspreadallovertheearth.……出現(xiàn)和蔓延到世界各地。1)vi.(消息等)傳開，流傳。例如：Thenewsspreadthroughtheschoolveryquickly.Thefirespreadfromthefactorytothehousenearby.2)vt.“使伸展，延伸，張開”，常與out連用。Hespreadouthisarmstowelcomeus.Ispreadanewclothonthetable.我在餐桌上鋪了一條新桌布。他張開手臂歡迎我們。阻止某人做某事:preventsb.(from)doingsth.

stopsb.(from)doingsth.

keepsb.fromdoingsth.

13.preventsb.

注意v.-ing的變化規(guī)則Wemustpreventthemfrommakingtrouble.

Youshouldpreventthechildfrominjuringhimself.

Ifnothingprevents…如果沒有什么阻礙的話……escapev.

sth.doingsth.escapepunishment=escapebeingpunishedescapefromsth./someplace

n.逃跑，逃亡Escapefromtheprisonisdifficult.逃避，逃脫，避免14.escape15.dependon/upon1)信賴，依靠dependon/uponsb./sth./v.-ingsb./sth.for…sb.todosth.Youmustn’tdependonotherstohelpyou.Alllivingthingsdependonthesunfortheirgrowth.3)dependonit沒問題，請放心（句末或句首）

That/It(all)depends.Dependonit,and

you’llsucceed.

Hemaysupportme,butitdepends.2)視……而定，取決于……Thepricedependsonthequality.Yoursuccessdependsonwhetheryouworkhardornot.Thatdependsonhowyoudidit.1.Thathotelisalwaysfullbecauseitoffersafriendly____andpersonalservice.A.surfaceB.atmosphereC.systemD.appearance【解題關鍵】句意:這家旅館總是住滿客人,因為它提供一種友好的氛圍和個性化的服務。surface表面,水面;atmosphere氣氛,大氣;system系統(tǒng),體系;appearance外表,出現(xiàn),露面。Classexercises2.Atfirst,wedidn’tknowaboutJim.But____,wecametoknowthathewasanhonestboy.A.suddenlyB.luckilyC.graduallyD.generally【解題關鍵】句意:起初我們不了解吉姆。但逐漸地,我們開始知道他是一個誠實的男孩子。gradually逐漸地，慢慢地。3.ManyEuropeans____thecontinentofAf