《英語一般過去時》課件

PPTcoursewareforEnglishsimplepasttenseThedefinitionofthesimplepasttenseTheverbchangesinthesimplepasttenseThesensitivitystructureofthesimplepasttenseThetensemeaningofthesimplepasttensePracticeandconsolidationofthesimplepasttensecontents目錄01ThedefinitionofthesimplepasttenseThesimplepasttenseisagraphicaltensethatisusedtoexpressactionsoreventsthatoccurredinthepastandcompletedataspecifictimeItisalsoknownasthe"simplepast"or"pastsimple"andisusedtoshowactionsinthepastinanarrativeordescriptivecontextWhatisthesimplepasttense0102ThebasicformofthesimplepasttenseForexample,"run"benefits"ran,""write"benefits"write,"and"eat"benefits"ate."Thebasicformofthesimplepasttenseiscreatedbyaddingthe-edsuffixtotheendoftheverbThesimplepasttenseisusedtoexpressactionsoreventsthathavealreadyoccurredinthepastandarecompleteItisusedtoshowactionsthathappenedataspecifictimeinthepast,soaslastyear,yesterday,orinthemorningThesimplepasttenseisalsousedinconditionalsensestoexpressactionsoreventsthatwouldhaveoccurredinadifferentsituationTheusageofthesimplepasttense02TheverbchangesinthesimplepasttenseEDconnectionRegularverbsformthesimplepasttensebyaddingthesuffix"-ed"totheinfinitiveform.Forexample,"walk"benefits"walked."Dand-edvariationSomeregularverbsmayhaveeither"-d"or"-ed"asthepasttensesuffixForexample,"loved"and"live"arebothcommonpasttenseformsChangesinregularverbsIrregularformsIrregularverbsdonotfollowtheregular"-ed"connectionpatternInstad,theyhaveuniquepasttenseformsthatmustbememorizedForexample,"write"benefits"write."ExceptionstotheruleSomeirregularverbshavearegularpasttenseformthatisdifferentfromthetypicalirregularform.Forexample,"go"benefits"wet,"whichfollowsthe"-ed"patternbutisirregularduetoitsuniqueformThevariationofirregularverbsWhentheverb"do"isusedasanauxiliaryverb("did")inthesimplepasttense,itcombineswithotherverbstoformcompoundverbsForexample,"didgo"benefits"didgo."Verb+"do"Theverb"be"hasspecialformsinthesimplepasttenseForexample,"was"and"were"areusedforsingularandpluralsubjects,respectivelyVerb+"be"Specialsituationsofverbchanges03ThesensitivitystructureofthesimplepasttenseI(subject)write(verb)aletter(object)Subject+Verb:"She(subject)smoothed(verb)."Verb+Object:He(subject)won(verb)asize(object)Basicpresencestructure03Subject+Verb+InfinitePhrase"She(subject)wanted(Verb)togoshopping(InfinitePhrase)."01Subject+Verb+Advanced"They(subject)walked(verb)quickly(adverb)."02Subject+Verb+PreliminaryPhase"We(subject)camera(Verb)fromtheairport(preliminaryphase)."CommonsensestructuresThere(subject)were(verb)fivepeopleintheroom(object)Subject+Verb+toinfinitive:"They(subject)reused(Verb)tohelp(infinitive)."It(subject)was(verb)interested(objective)Specialpresencestructure04ThetensemeaningofthesimplepasttenseSimplepasttenseisusedtodescribeactionsorstatesthatoccurredinthepastandarecompleteataspecificpointintimeForexample,"Shewrotealetterlastweek"meansthattheactionofwritingtheletteroccurredinthepastandwascompletedbytheendoftheweekItcanalsobeusedtodescriberepeatedorhabitualactionsinthepast,suchas"HevisitedhisgrandparentseverySunday"ExpressingpastactionsorstatesSimplepasttenseisoftenusedtoexpresspastexperiencesorfactsthatarenolongerrelevantormeaningfulinthepresentationForexample,"IlearnedhowtoswimwhenIwasfiveyearsold"or"TheGreatWallwasbuiltinambienttimes."Itcanalsobeusedtoexpresspersonalmemoriesorcollections,suchas"Iremembermyfirstdayofschool"or"Wehaveawonderfultimeatthebeachlastsummer"ExpressingpastexperiencesorfactsSimplepasttensecanbeusedtoexpressassumptionsorconditionsthatweretrueinthepastbutmaynotbetruenowForexample,"Ifhehadknowntheanswer,hewouldhaveraisedhishand"or"Sheassessedthatherpackagehadbeendeliveredontime"Itcanalsobeusedtoexpressreturnsorwishesaboutthepast,suchas"IwishIhadgonetotheconcert"or"Ireturnnothavingstudiedhardfortheexam"Expressingpastassumptionsorconditions05PracticeandconsolidationofthesimplepasttenseFillingintheblankexerciseisaneffectivewaytoconsolidatesimplepasttenses.Byprovidingsentencesandleavingspacesforstudentstofillinthecorrectverbforms,itcandeepentheirunderstandingandapplicationoftenses.InthePPTcourseware,teacherscandesignaseriesoffillintheblankexercises,whichwillprovidecompletesentencesbutomitthecorrectformofverbs.Studentsneedtocarefullyreadthesentence,understanditscontext,andthenchoosethecorrectverbformtofillintheblankspace.FillintheblankpracticeCorrectionexercisesareaneffectivewaytohelpstudentsidentifyandcorrectcommonerrorsintheiruseofsimplepasttense.InthePPTcourseware,teacherscanpresentsomesentenceswithgrammarerrorsforstudentstoidentifyandcorrect.Thisexercisecanhelp