八年級下冊英語講義

初中人教版八年級下冊講義目錄TOC\o"1-1"\h\u6521Unit1What’sthematter? Unit1What’sthematter?一、重點(diǎn)詞匯（一）名詞1、 n.問題，事情（可數(shù)名詞） 擴(kuò)展：matter可作為不及物動(dòng)詞，表示“有關(guān)系，有影響”。 e.g:Itdoesn’tmatter.（用于回答別人的道歉）2、 n.麻煩，問題，困難（不可數(shù)名詞） What’sthetrouble?=What’sthematter?3、 n.情況，狀況（可數(shù)名詞） e.g:Insuchadifficultsituation,shereactedinabraveway.4、 n.決定（可數(shù)名詞） 詞根：decide v.決定（decidetodosth.） e.g:Wehavetomakeadecisionaboutwhetherweshouldbuythisproduct.5、 n.（不可數(shù)）精神，心靈 e.g:Thoughsheis85,shestillfeelsyounginspirit. Thespiritofheroesencouragesustostrive.6、 1）n.休息（可數(shù)名詞） e.g:Youlooktired.Whynotstoptohavearest?(takeabreak) 2）v.休息7、 n.重要性（不可數(shù)） e.g:Allthestudentsknowtheimportanceofreading. Thisdocumentaryisofgreatimportance. 詞根：important adj.重要的 以ant/ent結(jié)尾的形容詞變成名詞的時(shí)候通常把t變成-ce. e.g:differentdifference silentsilence8、 n.死亡（不可數(shù)） 詞根：diev.(died) deadadj.9、其他coughstomachacheheadache乘客刀 （二）動(dòng)詞1、lie1）vi.躺(lay,lain,lying) liedown Don’tlieinbedallmorning. 2）vi.位于… YunnanliesinthewestofChina.3）vi.撒謊(lied,lied,lying) Youarelyingme.4）v.產(chǎn)卵，安放(laid,laid,laying) Thehenstoppedlyingeggs. Shelaidthebabydowngentlyonthebed.2、1）vt.弄傷 Becarefulanddon’thurtyourself.2）vi.感到疼痛 Mybackhurts.3、mean v. Whatdoesyoumeanbysayingthat? 辨析：meantodosth.打算做某事 meandoingsth.意味著做某事 e.g:Idon’tmeantobuythebag. Itmeanswaitingforanotherbus.4、risk 1）vt.使冒…的風(fēng)險(xiǎn) Youshouldn’trickyouownlifetodoit.2）vi.冒…的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)（riskinsth.） Theymayevenrisklosingtheirhouse. 同根詞：risky冒險(xiǎn)的5、 vt.支配，管理，控制 Policearecontrollingthosecriminals.（三）形容詞1、sick 生病的 Ifeelsick.（四）練習(xí)1、根據(jù)首字母填空：1)What’sthemwithJenny?Shehasacoughandaheadache.2)ThismorningMaryatesomethingbad.Soshehada（胃疼）3)Thebusmustn’tcarrytoomanyp.4)Thelittleboyh______hisleginP.E.Class.5)Indifferents,weshouldalwayskeepcalm.6)Wecutthingswithak.2、用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1)Finally,hemadea（decide）togotoBeijing.2)Everyoneknowsthe（important）ofstudyingEnglish.3)Lilyis（interest）inthe（interest）stories.4)Weallhope（win）thegame.5)After（eat）supper,weoftentakeawalk.6)Hesawawallet(lie)onthegroundonhiswaytoschool.7)Wecan’tvisitotherswithout(call)first.8)Tohis(surprise)，wewerestillwaitingforhim.9)Thedoctorsavedmanypeople’s（life).10)Theteachertoldus（notplay）inthestreet.11)11）Thinkitoverbeforemakinganimportant___________________(decide).12)The__________(die)ofthelittlechildmadeallofusfeelsad.13)Thissign___________(mean)“Youmustturnleft”.14)It’snecessaryforustounderstandthe____________(important)ofhealthcare.15)Sheboughtthree__________(kilo)ofpotatoesforsupper.二、重點(diǎn)短語（一）重點(diǎn)短語匯總1)感冒 _________________2)躺下 _________________3)發(fā)燒 _________________4)下車 _________________5)使…驚訝的 _________________6)立刻 _________________7)習(xí)慣于 _________________8)冒險(xiǎn) _________________9)切除 _________________10)管理 _________________11)胃痛 _________________12)量體溫_________________13)休息 _________________14)陷入 _________________15)用完 _________________16)放棄 _________________（二）短語用法歸納1、usedtodosth.表示“過去常常做某事”beusedtodoingsth.表示“現(xiàn)在習(xí)慣于做某事”e.g：Iusedtoliveinthecountryside,butnowIamusedtolivinginacity. Sheusedtopracticesingingeveryday.2、需要做某事 need_________________sth.3、看見某人正在做某事 seesb._________________sth.4、詢問某人某事 asksb.sth.5、期望某人做某事 expectsb._________________sth.5、同意做某事 agree_________________sth.6、幫助某人做某事 helpsb._________________sth.7、做某事有困難 haveproblems_________________sth.8、好像做某事 seem_________________sth.9、繼續(xù)做某事 keepon_________________sth.10、介意做某事 mind_________________sth.（三）練習(xí)1.你可能發(fā)燒了。讓我給你量一量體溫。Youmayhaveacold.Letme_________________________________.2.大明不高興。他怎么了？Damingisunhappy.___________________________withhim?3.躺下來休息一下，你就會感覺好多了。________________andrest,andyou’llfeelmuchbetter.4.老師讓學(xué)生們等公車停穩(wěn)后再下車。Theteachertoldthestudentsnotto_______________thebus______itstopped.5.令我們驚訝的是，他用腳彈鋼琴彈得如此好。________________________,heplayedthepianowithfeetsowell.6.現(xiàn)在，越來越多的人對網(wǎng)上購物感興趣。Now,moreandmorepeople______________________shoppingonline.7.他發(fā)現(xiàn)自己處于危險(xiǎn)之中。Hefoundhimself____________________________________.8.為了能按時(shí)到校，我今天六點(diǎn)就起床了。Igotupatsix_________________Icouldgettoschoolontime.9.在第二次世界大戰(zhàn)期間五千多萬人失去了生命。Over50millionpeople___________________________duringthewar.10.我弟弟總是樂于幫助他人解決問題。Mybrother________________________________________helpotherssolveproblems.三、重點(diǎn)句型（一）重點(diǎn)句型歸納1、怎么了？___________________________________________________________________2、你姐姐怎么了？ _________________________________________________________________ 她胃痛。 _________________________________________________________________3、你發(fā)燒了嗎？ _________________________________________________________________ 是的，我發(fā)燒了。/我不知道。 _________________________________________________________________4、我應(yīng)該怎么做？/他應(yīng)該怎么做？ _________________________________________________________________5、我應(yīng)該吃藥嗎？ _________________________________________________________________（二）練習(xí)按要求完成句子1.Ihaveasoreback.（對劃線部分提問）_________________________________withyou?2.Weallagreethatweshouldmakeabetterplan.（改為簡單句）Weall______________________makeabetterplan.3.Ithinkthathewillcometomorrow.（改為否定句）I___________thinkthathe___________cometomorrow.4.Themuseumshouldbefreeforallthevisitors.（改為一般疑問句）___________themuseum___________freeforallthevisitors?5.Whydon’tyouaskyourteacherforhelp?（改為同義句）_________________________________yourteacherforhelp?6.Sheshouldtakehertemperature.（對劃線部分提問）______________________she___________?7.AronfoundhimselfinaverydangeroussituationwhenhewasclimbinginUtah（改為同義句）Aronfoundhimselfinaverydangeroussituation_____________________inUtah.8.Shedidn’tcomebecauseshewasill.（改成同義句）Shedidn’tcome______________________her___________.9.AronisanAmerican.Aronisinterestedinclimbing.（合并成一句話）AronisanAmerican______________________interestedinclimbing.10.Theboyissostrongthathecancarrytheheavyboxhimself.（改成簡單句）Theboyis_________________________________carrytheheavyboxhimself.四、重點(diǎn)語法（一）詢問和表達(dá)身體狀況1、詢問某人換了何種疾病或者遇到麻煩的句型：1)What’sthematter(withsb)?2)What’swrong(withsb.)?3)What’sthetrouble(withsb.)4)Whathappened(tosb.)?5)AreyouOK?6)Isthereanythingwrong(withsb.)2、表達(dá)身體疼痛或者不舒服的句型：1)某人+have/has+病癥Thetwins__________________________.（感冒了）2)某人+have/hasasore+身體部位He__________________________.（喉嚨痛）3)某人+hurt(s)+身體部位（反身代詞）He__________________________.（腿受傷了）4)Thereissomethingwrongwithone’s+身體部位Thereissomethingwrongwithmyrighteyes.（二）情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should的用法1、定義Should是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，后面加動(dòng)詞原形，沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化。否定形式是shouldn’t。Heshouldcleantheroom.改成一般疑問句:Shouldhecleantheroom?2、用法1）should可以表示提出__________________________ Youshoulddrinklotsofwater.2）表示__________________________ Weshouldkeepourcityclean.3）表示__________________________ Heshouldbeateacher.4）表示__________________________，語氣比較強(qiáng)烈 Youshouldn’tbesocareless.5）用于主語是第一人稱的疑問句中，表示__________________________ Shouldwetellheraboutit?3、練習(xí)1、（2016山西）Manypeopleplaywithmobilephonesallday. That’stoobad.Everyone__________beabooklover.A.may B.should C.would2、（2015濟(jì)南）Nickisnotatschool,____________? Hehasacold. A.Who’that B.What’sthematter C.Howoldishe D.Howmuchisit3、（2015上海）Youlooksad,Betty.What’sthematterwithyou? ________________ A.I’vegotthefirstprize B.I’msorrytohearthat C.Ican’tattendthesummercamp D.Idon’tquiteagreewithyou4、What’s_____________? Ihaveaheadache. A.thewrong B.thematter C.trouble D.happened5、Tom_________abadcold.Let’stakehimtothehospital. A.hurts B.takes C.have D.has6、Foreveryone’ssafety,we_______alwaysrememberthelawagainstdrivingafterdrinking. A.could B.should C.might D.would7、InordertospeakEnglishbetter,we_______beafraidoflosingface. A.should B.shouldn’t C.haveto D.mustn’t8、Youshould_______morefruit. A.eats B.eating C.eat D.toeat9、Ineedtobuysomewater,becauseweare_________that. A.runout B.runningout C.runoutof D.runningoutof10、She’soutgoing.Sheneverminds_______toastranger. A.speak B.tospeak C.speaking D.spoke五、作業(yè)布置（一）單選題1.what'sthematterwithyou?Icaught____badcoldandhadtostayin______bed.A.a;/ B.a;the C.a;a D.the;/2.Wereyouathomeat9:00lastnight?Icalledyoubutnobodyanswered.Sorry,I_________ashoweratthattime.A.take B.took C.wastaking D.amtaking3.There'srainontheroad,sosheshoulddrivecarefully.A.toomuch B.toomany C.muchtoo D.manytoo4.Jack,ismathsdifficulttolearninhighschool?Sure.Nosubjectcanbelearnedwell______hardwork.A.without B.through C.by D.with5.Weshouldbecarefulwhenwe_________thebus.A.getdown B.getout C.getup D.getoff6.We______bemorecareful,orwewillmakethesamemistakeintheexperiment.A.may B.can't C.should D.mustn’t7.Thebookis______forustoread.A.goodenough B.enoughgood C.wellenough D.enoughwell8.Mygrandpa________livealone.Butnowhe______livingalonebecausehefeelslonely,A.usedto;didn'tuseto B.isusedtowasusedtoC.usedto;isnotusedto D.wasusedto;didn'tuseto9.Didyoucatchyourplane?Yes,Wegottherejust________.A.atthistime B.attimes C.intime D.allthetime10.Youhavetoleavenow______youcancatchtheearlybus.A.sothat B.assoonas C.because D.although11.Jimmydidn'tbuyanynewbooksbecausehismoney________.A.soldout B.ranout C.cameout D.gaveout12.Tonystudiesvery_______.Heoftendoeshishomeworkuntilmidnight,buthisbrotherTom_______doeshomework.A.hardly;hardly B.hard;hardly C.hardly;hard D.hard;hard13. Myparentswerevery_______atmy________gradesinthefinalexam.A.surprised;surprised B.surprising;surprisingC.surprised;surprising D.surprising;surprised14.Thepolicemansaidtheaccidenthappened______7p.m.______9p.m.A.from;to B.between;to C.from;and D.between;and15.Youlooktired.Whynot________arest?A.tostoptohave B.stoptohave C.tostophaving D.stophaving.六、書面表達(dá)假設(shè)你是李梅。Alice是你的美國筆友，兩周前來中國學(xué)習(xí)，感到很孤單，學(xué)習(xí)壓力也很大，經(jīng)常頭疼，昨天還感冒了。請你給他發(fā)一封電子郵件，告訴她應(yīng)該如何解決這些問題。要求：1、敘述合理，語法正確； 2、80詞左右拓展句型：1.我很抱歉聽到…Iamsorrytohearthat…2.給出建議：Youshould…DearAlice, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, LiMei七、補(bǔ)全對話Lily:Hi,Daming,youlooksicktoday.What’sthematter?Daming:______________________________.I’vegotacoughandaheadache.Lily:________________________________.Daming:No,Ihaven’t.Itookmytemperaturejustnow.Lily:Oh,nothingserious,Ithink.______________________________________.Daming:Ihopeso.Lily:_________________________________.Andyou’dbettergetsomemedicine.Daming:Thanks.Iwill!________________________________________.Lily:Sure.Let’sgo.A.Wouldyoupleasegowithme?B.Maybeyou’vejusthadacold.C.Iamnotfeelingwell.D.ButIsuggestyougotoseeadoctor.E.Haveyougotafever?F.Howlonghaveyoubeenlikethis?G.Whydon’tyoustayathome?

Unit2I’llhelptocleanupthecityparks.一、重點(diǎn)詞匯（一）英漢翻譯名詞：signn._______feelingn.______________n.滿足；滿意joyn.__________n.物主；主人journeyn._______wheeln._____________n.信；函Missn._______Sirn._______Madamn.________________n.困難；難題_______n.門trainingn._____________n.仁慈；善良動(dòng)詞：cheerv.______________v.募集；征集repairv._______fixv._______imaginev.______________v.開；打開_______v.拿；提；扛trainv.______________v.理解；領(lǐng)會形容詞：lonelyadj.______________adj.強(qiáng)烈的；強(qiáng)壯的_______adj.破損的；殘缺的disabledadj.______________adj.瞎的；失明的_______adj.聾的excitedadj._______cleveradj._______代詞：severalpron.幾個(gè)副詞；aloneadv.單獨(dú)；獨(dú)自動(dòng)詞&名詞：

volunteerv.義務(wù)做；自愿做 n.志愿者noticev.注意到；意識到 n.通知；通過；注意changev./n.變化；改變interestv.使感興趣；使關(guān)注 n.興趣；關(guān)注（二）根據(jù)句意和提示寫出所缺的單詞1.Theoldmanliveda______afterhiswifedied.Hefeltverylonely.2.Myyoungersisterlooksverysad.Let'sgoandc______herup.3.Theoldmanfeelsl______whenheisaloneathome.（2014廣西來賓中考）4.Myunclehasalargehouseandheistheo______ofthehouse.5.Theyheldaconcerttor_____moneyforProjectHope.（2015浙江杭州蕭山區(qū)九校六月聯(lián)考）6.Ihavea________(強(qiáng)烈的）feelingthathewillwintheEnglishSpeechCompetition.7.-Didyouseetheposteronthe_______(公告牌）?-No,Ididn't.8.Thereare________(幾個(gè))girlsintheroom.Theyaretalkingaboutthevacationplans.9.Ididn'thavebreakfast.NowIhavea______(感覺）ofhunger10.Theyhaveastrongfeelingof_______(滿足）.（三）用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.Thecarhasfour_______(wheel).2.Everybodyfelt_______(excite)whentheyheardofthegoodnews.3.-Whenisthetennis_______(train)?-Itisatfouro'clockintheafternoon.4.Shehad_______(difficult)findingthewaytothemuseum.5.I______(understand)whatthecustomersaid.SoIaskedhimtotakehisorder.6.Everybodyshouldtrytohelpthe______(disable).7.Iwillneverforgetyour_______(kind).8.Mostofmyclassmatesbecame_______(interest)inpopmusic.9.Mybikeis_______(break).IthinkIneedtobuyanewone.10.Myparents'wordsmadeabig_____(different)tomylife.（四）單項(xiàng)選擇1.GrandmaLiisalways________athomeandshefeels_____.（2015云南師范大學(xué)五華區(qū)實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)期中）A.alone;aloneB.alone;lonely C.lonely;aloneD.lonely;lonely2.Youcan_____howourlifewillbeifthereisnomobilephoneorcomputer.（2015河北期中）A.imagineB.think C.talkD.tell3.Please_____thedoorsothatthedogcantgointotheroom.Thebabiesaresleepingintheroomandtheyareafraidofdogs.A.openB.closeC.turnonD.turnoff4.Thegirlis_______sothatshecanworkoutallthephysicsproblemseasily.A.lazyB.cleverC.beautifulD.strict5.Hehas_____armsnowandisabletopickthetableupwithonehand.（2015重慶中考A卷）A.weakestB.weakerC.strongestD.stronger二、重點(diǎn)短語（一）英漢翻譯1.cleanup打掃干凈2.cheerup變得高興；振奮起來3.giveout分發(fā)；散發(fā)4.comeupwith想出；提出5.putoff推遲6.putup搭建；張貼7.callup打電話8.usedto曾經(jīng);過去9.beusedtodoing習(xí)慣做某事10.beusedtodo被用來做某事11.carefor/lookafter/takecareof照顧；非常喜歡12.tryout參加...選拔；使用13.fixup修理；裝飾14.giveaway贈(zèng)送；捐贈(zèng)15.takeafter（外貌或行為）像16.setup建起；設(shè)立17.makeadifference影響；有作用18.helpsb(to)dosth幫助某人做某事19.helpsbwithsth在某方面幫助某人20.havelunch吃午飯21.asksb.todosth要求某人做某事22.talktosb與某人交談23.readthenewspaper看報(bào)24.volunteertodosth志愿做某事25.decidetodosth決定做某事26.attheageof+數(shù)字幾歲27.learntodosth學(xué)習(xí)做某事28.learnfromsb向某人學(xué)習(xí)29.learn...about學(xué)習(xí)關(guān)于...的信息30.tellabout告訴有關(guān)...的信息31.cometrue實(shí)現(xiàn)32.atthesametime與此同死33.handout分發(fā)34.bebusywithsth忙于某事35.bebusydoing忙于做某事36.atleast至少37.beworriedabout擔(dān)心；著急38.thinkabout考慮39.forexample例如40.raisemoney籌錢41.stopdoingsth停止正在做的事情42.stoptodo停下一件事去做另一件事43.afew一些（修飾可數(shù)名詞）44.besimilarto和...相似45.sb.runoutofsth.某人用完某物46.sth.runout某物被用完47.wouldliketodosth想要做某事48.besure確定49.beexcitedabout對...感到興奮50.becauseof因?yàn)?1.infreetime在空閑時(shí)間52.helpout幫助53.hopetososth希望做某事54.givesb.sth/givesthtosb給某人某物55.makeit+adj.(+forsb.)todosth.使（某人）做某事是的56.Thankyou______doing謝謝你做57.__________能夠做某事58.atonce_______（二）單項(xiàng)選擇1.TheteacheraskedPaul______thispassage.（2016陜西安康旬陽桐木中學(xué)月考）A.readB.readingC.toreadD.toreading2.Theyarrivedatthefinishingline______thesametime.Wedidn'tknowwhothewinnerwas.A.onB.inC.atD.for3.Weneedto_______upwithaplanfortheCityParkClean-UpDay.（2016安徽阜陽穎州區(qū)月考）A.comeB.goC.workD.study4.______！It'snottheendoftheworld.Let'stryagain.(2015山東萊蕪中考)A.PutupB.SetupC.CheerupD.Pickup5.Nancy_____abustoschool,butnowsheridesabike.（2016山西孝義月考）A.isusedtotaking B.wasusedtotake C.usedtotake6.一Jason,wouldyouplease_______thisnotice?-Withpleasure.（2015湖北武漢中考）A.putonB.putoffC.putupD.putout7.Iamanleaguemember.Ivolunteermytime______others.(2016江西古安一中月考）A.helpB.tohelpC.helpingD.helped8.Mrs.Li______thetestpapersandaskedustofinishthemcarefully.（2016河北石家莊趙縣二中月考）A.gaveoutB.helpedoutC.workedoutD.hungout9.Myhistoryteacherusedto______tennis,buthe'susedto_______now.（2016重慶江津?qū)嶒?yàn)中學(xué)月考）A.play；hikingB.play；hikeC.playing；hikeD.playing；hiking10.Wehaveworkedsolong.Shallwestop_______arest?(2016山東青島中考)A.haveB.tohaving C.havingD.tohave11.Theschoolsportsmeetingwillbe______becauseoftheheavyrain.（2016湖南永州中考)A.putupB.putonC.putoff12.Onmywayhome,Isawagrannyfalldown.Iofferedhelpfirstandthen______thepolice.(2016山東東營中考)A.calledupB.caredforC.cheeredupD.foundout13.一Jimtakes______hisfather.Youmeanheissimilar_____hisfather?（2016山西孝義月考）for:as B.to;withC.after；to14.Tim'scomputerisbroken.Let's______forhim.(2016重慶江津?qū)嶒?yàn)中學(xué)月考）A.fixupitB.runafterC.tofixupitD.fixitup15.HuangXiaomingandAngelababy______over10,000,000yuantohelpthepoorin2015.（2016山東濟(jì)寧中考）A.gaveup B.gaveoffC.gaveoutD.gaveaway16.Thankyouforyourhelp,Linda.Youmade______possibleforustofinishtheworkintime.（2014甘肅蘭州期中）A.thisB.itC.themD.that17.Weteenagersshould_____theoldandofferourseatstothemonbuses.(2016福建泉州中考，29）A.laughat B.dependonC.carefor18.—Irememberthere_______alotoffishinYanglanLake.Nowithasbeenpolluted.Whatapity!Ithinkweshouldplayaroleinprotectingtheenvironment.（2016湖北鄂州中考，21）A.areusedtohaveB.areusedtobe C.usedtohaveD.usedtobe19.Wehaveto_______thesportsmeetingbecauseofthebadweather.（2015吉林中考，38）A.puton B.putoff C.putout20.Chinaisgoingto______amannedspacestationaround2020toexploremorespace.（2014江蘇連云港中考，5）A.setupB.putupC.wakeupD.turnup（三）根據(jù)漢語意思完成句子，每空一詞1.謝謝你幫我做家務(wù)。___________________________mewithhousework.2.莉莉說她有能力自己完成這項(xiàng)工作。Lilysaidthatshe_____________________finishtheworkbyherself.3.他有很多業(yè)余愛好，比如畫畫。Hehasmanyhobbies,______________painting.4.我的觀點(diǎn)和你的相似。Myopinionsare_____________yours.5.那位教授對我的生活產(chǎn)生了影響。Theprofessor_______________________tomylife.6.我的能力將會使我實(shí)現(xiàn)夢想成為可能。Myabilitywill____________________formetorealizemydream.努力學(xué)習(xí)，你的夢想一定會實(shí)現(xiàn)。（2015重慶中考B卷）Studyhardandyourdreamwill_____________.我哥哥過去常常在周六去釣魚。（2015四川宜賓中考）Mybrother___________gofishingonSaturdays.三、重點(diǎn)句型（一）填空1.I’dlike_______helphomelesspeople.2.Shevolunteershereonceaweek_______helpkidslearntoread.3.I’mmakingsomesigns______putuparoundtheschool.4.Youcouldaskhospitals______letyouvisitthekidandcheerthemup.5.Mariobelievesitcanhelphim_______gethisfuturedream.（二）單項(xiàng)選擇1.Hefeelslonelybecausehehasnoclosefriends_______.(2016湖南衡陽逸夫中學(xué)月考，29）A.totalkB.totalkwithC.talking2.TaiJiismyfavoriteandIoftenplayit______healthy.（2016重慶中考B卷，33）A.tokeepB.keepsC.keepingD.kept3.—Younevermissoneminuteinclass.Youknow,wemustlistentotheteachercarefully_______.（2016遼寧丹東中考）A.takenotesB.takingnotes C.totakenotesD.takesnotes4.Iboughtabigbox____booksforkidsinpoorareas.（2016吉林長春中考）A.collectsB.tocollect C.collectD.collected5.Weadviseparents_____theirchildrenathomealoneinordertokeepthemawayfromdanger.（2016黑龍江龍東中考)A.nottoleaveB.notleaveC.notleaving6.Wouldyouliketogoswimmingintheriver,John?Swim?Sorry,ourteachersalwaystellus______intheriveralone.（2016湖北荊門中考）A.don'tswimB.tonotswim C.notswimmingD.nottoswim7.YoushouldaskBob_____hisownclothes.Heistenyearsoldnow.(2016重慶中考A卷）A.washB.washesC.washingD.towash8.Theboywenttothehospital___afterhismother.(2016青海中考）A.lookedB.lookC.tolook9.It'snecessaryforus______Englishwell.(2015南充)A.tolearnB.learningC.learnD.learns10.Weshoulddowhatwecan______ourEnglish.（2015錦州）A.improve B.improvedC.toimproveD.improving11.Jimwantstohangoutwithhisfriendsatnight,buthisparentsdon'tallowhim____so.(2015資港）A.do B.doesC.todoD.doing12.Weshouldthanktheman.Healwaysdoeswhathecan______us.(2015屆山)A.helps B.tohelpC.help D.helping13.TheWWFisworkinghard_____animalsindanger.(2015南寧）A.save B.tosaveCsaving D.saved14.Alanoftengoestotheoldpeople'shome_____uptheoldandlookafterthem.（2015吉林）A.tocheer B.cheerC.cheers15.Whenyouleave,pleaseturnoffthelights______energy.（2015泰安）A.save B.tosaveC.savingD.saved四、重點(diǎn)語法（一）動(dòng)詞不定式①基本形式：to+動(dòng)詞原形否定結(jié)構(gòu)：notto+動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞不定式在句中不做謂語，其形式不隨主語的人稱、數(shù)和時(shí)態(tài)而變化②動(dòng)詞不定式的句法功能作主語TolearnEnglishwellisveryimportant.=ItisveryimportanttolearnEnglishwell.學(xué)好英語很重要。作表語Myjobistolookafterpatients.我的工作是照顧病人。作賓語Wewanttogoswimming.我們想去游泳。作賓語補(bǔ)足語Sheinvitedmetogototheconcert.她邀請我去演唱會。作定語ThenexttraintoarrivewasfromNewYork.下一列到站的火車是從紐約開來的.作狀語Shegotupveryearlytocatchtheearlybus.她起得很早，為的是趕上早班公共汽車。③特殊疑問詞+動(dòng)詞不定式動(dòng)詞不定式可用在疑問詞what,how,when,where等之后，作主語，賓語，表語等.Howtogetthereisaproblem.怎樣去那里是個(gè)問題。（作主語）Idon'tknowwhattosay.我不知道說什么。（作賓語）ThequestionishowtolearnEnglishwell.問題是怎樣學(xué)好英語。（作表語）（二）一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)被動(dòng)語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)：bedone一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)：am/is/aredoneIammovedbythismovie.我被這個(gè)電影感動(dòng)了。一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)：was/weredoneThebridgewasbuiltlastyear.這座橋是去年被建造的。【拓展】進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)：bebeingdoneTheclassroomisbeingcleanedbythestudents.學(xué)生們正在打掃教室。一般將來時(shí)的被動(dòng)：willbedoneThepaperwillbefinishedsoon.這篇論文不久就會被完成。現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)：havebeendoneMoreandmorenewfactorieshavebeenbuilt.越來越多的新工廠已經(jīng)被建成了?！居洃浛谠E】從構(gòu)成方式上看，可以巧記為：被動(dòng)語態(tài)必有bedone.時(shí)態(tài)都在be上換單項(xiàng)選擇1.Couldyoutellmehow______cakes?Sorry,Idon’tknow.（2014北京第六十六中學(xué)期中）A.makeB.makingC.tomakeD.made2.Football_____toourschoolsubjectslastyear.(2016陜西中考）A.isaddedB.addsC.wasaddedD.added3.一Don'tyouknowthemeeting_____twohoursago?No,Idon't.(2015福建泉州中考，25）A.wascanceledB.canceledC.iscanceled4.Everyoneisbornwiththeability______.Butlearninghabitsaremoreimportant.（2016曲靖一模）A.learnB.learnsC.tolearnD.learning5.Paper______first______about2,000yearsagoinChina.(2016天津）A.is；creatingB.is；created C.has；createdD.was；created6.Studentsdolesshomeworknow.Usuallyit_____before9o'clockintheevening.（2016重慶A卷）A.finishesB.finishedC.isfinishedD.wasfinished7.Mom,whereismymodelplane?一Oh,it______toJennyyesterday.（2016重慶B卷）A.islentB.lendsC.waslentD.lent8.Iplantobuildanunusualhouse.It________outofoldthings.(2016江西）A.isbuiltB.hasbuiltC.wasbuiltD.willbebuilt9.Wearegoingtotakethehigh-speedtraintoXi'antomorrow,soanearlyarrivalatthestation_______.(2016河南）A.advisesB.isadvisedC.isadvisingD.wasadvised10.—Tomisalwayscarelesswithhisschoolwork.Couldyouhelphim?—Noproblem!Ithinkhe_____tothinktwicebeforestarting.(2016黃岡）A.shouldbetoldB.cantell C.shouldtellD.canbetelling11.Chinese______bymoreandmorepeoplearoundtheworld.(2016南充）A.isspokenB.spokeC.arespokenD.speaks12.NowallChinesecouples______tohavetwochildren.(2016臨沂)A.allowBallowingC.areallowedD.wereallowed13.—DoyouknowthatTwoConferences(兩會)_____inBeijinginMarch?一Ofcourse.IwatchCCTVNewseveryday.（2016昆明盤龍區(qū)一模）A.heldB.holdC.washoldingD.washeld14.JourneytotheWestisaChinesenovel.InEnglish-speakingcountries,thework____asMonkey.（2016曲靖二模）A.knowwidelyB.knowswidelyC.arewidelyknownD.iswidelyknown五、話題作文美中文化交流中心（ACCEC）暑期將組織學(xué)生來華學(xué)習(xí)、交流，現(xiàn)正在招霧中國志愿者，幫助他們學(xué)習(xí)中文。假如你是揚(yáng)帆中學(xué)的學(xué)生李平，請按要求給該項(xiàng)目負(fù)責(zé)人Mr.Miller寫一封申請信。內(nèi)容包括：（1）申請擔(dān)任志愿者；（2)說明自己樂于助人、擅長中文；（3）談?wù)剬W(xué)好中文的方法；（4）……注意：（1）申請信需要涵蓋以上所有要點(diǎn)，可適當(dāng)發(fā)揮；（2）文中不能出現(xiàn)真實(shí)的人名、校名等相關(guān)信息；（3）詞數(shù)：80詞左右。開頭已給出（不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)）?！緦懽鞑襟E】讀題提取關(guān)鍵信息：____成為志愿者；愿意幫助別人；____中文；學(xué)中文的方法（每天大聲___；聽____；與人們用中文____）注意：此處的方法之間需有連接詞中文思路：我想成為一個(gè)志愿者_(dá)_____學(xué)生學(xué)中文。我很_____，并且時(shí)刻準(zhǔn)備_____他人。我_____中文。我有很多學(xué)中文的方法。_____，我們可以每天早上_______；_____，_____中文歌曲