國外先進的射孔技術(shù)(2013年英文版)

GuardianIntegratedBallisticsDeliverySystem-‘IBDS’集成射孔槍輸送系統(tǒng)‘TheBiggestAdvanceInPerforatingSinceTheShapedCharge…..’‘射孔彈發(fā)明以來射孔技術(shù)的大飛躍’StephenGeorge史蒂芬喬治SalesEngineerFan

Chunsheng范春生高鼎公司中國區(qū)經(jīng)理ChinaAreaSalesManagerIntegratedSystemDesignPhilosophy集成射孔系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計理念I(lǐng)ntegratedSystemDesignPhilosophy集成射孔系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計理念Whatwouldanintegratedsystemrequire?什么是集成系統(tǒng)？End-to-endcontroloftheballisticsstring; 射孔搶串的端到端的控制Fromthecableheadtothedetonatorinterface;從電纜頭到雷管Single,integrateduserinterface;單一，集成的用戶界面RobustandreliabletelemetryforstandardandH2Scables;常規(guī)與H2S電纜可靠的遙測Fullyautomatedpowersupplycontrolincorporatingfiringheadpower(Configurableforeachdetonatortype);全自動供電（適合各種雷管）Multipleredundantsafetysystems;多種安全考慮CompliancewithAPIRP-67;符合APIRP-67Comprehensiverangeofdown-holetoolsanddetonatorcompatibility.兼容各種射孔下井儀和雷管OperationalComplexity作業(yè)的復(fù)雜性Engineerhastomaketoomanychanges!以上過程中，工程師需要多次變換系統(tǒng)InasimpletwozoneoperationthereareatleastEIGHTchangesbetweensurfacesystems;僅僅兩個層位，至少需要變換8次地面系統(tǒng)Enormouspotentialforhumanerrorandequipmentdamage!犯錯機率和設(shè)備損壞率極高Asingleintegratedsystemisrequiredwhichprovidesallthesecontrolandsafetyfunctionsinonesetofsurfaceequipmentwithaconsistentinterface.所以需要開發(fā)一套集成的系統(tǒng)，能夠提供射孔作業(yè)所需的所有功能20thCenturyTechnology以前射孔技術(shù)HistoricalPerspectivetoPerforating(theoldfashionedway!)Multiplevendors/multiplesystems:多個供應(yīng)商的器材Correlation/Logging–GR/CCL/CHT;

校深/測井-GR/CCL/纜頭電壓Orientation/Anchoring/Safety/Release;定方位/錨定/安全/釋放Perforate/SelectiveFiring/DownholeSwitch;射孔/選發(fā)/井下開關(guān)TractorPowerSystem;爬行器電源控制Three/fourdown-holeequipmentsuppliers;三四家器材供應(yīng)商Three/foursetsofsurfaceequipment;三四套地面設(shè)備Multipleopportunitiesforhumanorequipmentfailures.認(rèn)為錯誤和設(shè)備損壞幾率大IntegratedSystemDesignPhilosophy以前射孔系統(tǒng)Multi-PurposePanel–MPP-C

多用途面板MPP-Cmakesitallpossible…MPP-C面板使之成為可能…BDSControlPanel(Bi-directionaltelemetry/dataacquisition);首先它是一塊BDS控制面板(雙向遙測/數(shù)據(jù)采集)PerforatingPanel;其次又是一塊射孔面板IncorporatingSafetySwitch,DualPerforatingControlsandCountdowntoPerforatingDepth;整合了安全開關(guān)，雙射孔控制，倒計數(shù)射孔深度Gamma-RayandCCLRealtimelogging伽馬磁定位實時測井SelectiveFiringSystem

多級射孔系統(tǒng)IndependentlyAssessedtoAPIRP-67;符合APIRP-67Computer-controlledPowerSupply(Configurableforeachdetonatortype).計算機控制的供電系統(tǒng)（適合各種雷管）The21stCenturySolution!21世紀(jì)的解決方案Guardian’sBallisticsDeliverySystem英國高鼎公司的BDS射孔槍輸送系統(tǒng)Asingleintegratedcontrolsystemwithengineered-insafetyforallequipmentinaelectric-linedeployedperforatingstring;單一的集成控制系統(tǒng)，電纜掛接的射孔槍串的所有設(shè)備帶有嵌入式安全設(shè)計。

‘FromtheCable-HeadtotheDetonator–andeverything inbetween’‘從電纜頭到雷管

‘Dramaticallysimplifiesset-upandoperationwhileaddingadditionallevelsofsafety;戲劇性地簡化了配置和作業(yè)，同時又增加了安全級別EarlyAdopters

提前采納新技術(shù)的公司Schlumberger–斯倫貝謝OrientatedPerforatingSystem–Europe;在歐洲，定向射孔StandardisingworldwideonBDSforlargediametergundeployment;大尺寸射孔槍在全球進行BDS標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化

Halliburton–哈利伯頓GunBrakeSystem-FarEast;在遠(yuǎn)東，射孔槍錨定系統(tǒng)AddressableReleaseTools–Worldwide;全球采用可編制釋放下井儀OrientatedPerforatingSystem(w/Gyro)–MiddleEast;在中東采用高鼎的旋轉(zhuǎn)式定向射孔BakerHughes–貝克休斯AdoptedBDSastheirstandardballisticsplatformworldwide全球采用BDS作為射孔平臺AgreedtostandardiseonSFS.同意使用高鼎SFS選發(fā)射孔ShengLi–中國勝利測井OrientatedPerforatingSystem;定向射孔PumpDownService泵送射孔

Changqing–中國長慶測井OrientatedPerforatingSystem;定向射孔PumpDownService泵送射孔

EarlyAdopters

提前采納新技術(shù)公司PumpDownPerforationService

泵送射孔

PumpDownPerforation

Service

泵送射孔CableHead電纜頭（無需安裝弱點）ART可編址釋放下井儀（電子弱點）ACT可編址張力AGC可編址深度校準(zhǔn)用伽馬儀和磁定位（射孔專用）如果配接爬行器，還需要VPM電壓保護下井儀VSS電壓傳感下井儀（射孔后下部的短路不影響上部儀器的工作）SAT減震（根據(jù)爆炸威力決定減震的個數(shù)））GUN射孔槍（需要帶有縱向和徑向?qū)蜉喴詼p少或降低定向射孔作業(yè)的上下和旋轉(zhuǎn)運動產(chǎn)生的摩擦力）PlugSetting坐封工具(買方公司提供)Compositeplug復(fù)合橋塞(買方公司提供)

Toolsconfiguredasfollows:泵送射孔下井儀器串的配置：ART可編址釋放下井儀AddressableReleaseTool–Applications:可編址釋放下井儀—應(yīng)用Allballisticsoperationsforstuckstring,swollengun,partiallysetpacker;所有的射孔作業(yè)，漲槍，槍串遇卡，坐封不徹底.ACT可編址電纜頭張力下井儀AddressableCableHeadTension–Applications:可編制電纜頭張力下井儀—應(yīng)用Pump-downoperations;泵送射孔作業(yè)Deviatedwells;大斜度井射孔作業(yè)DeploymentonCT連續(xù)油管輸送的射孔作業(yè)TENSION

=

20,000LBS

COMPRESSION=2,000LBS.AGC可編址伽馬磁定位AddressableGamma-CCL–Applications:可編址伽馬磁定位下井儀—應(yīng)用Allperforatingoperationsfordepthcontrol;射孔作業(yè)的校深Eliminatesseparateloggingsystem;不再使用額外的測井系統(tǒng)VSS電壓傳感下井儀VoltageSensingSwitch–Applications:電壓傳感下井儀—應(yīng)用:VSSpreventstheshortfromreachingthelowerheadofothertoolsinthesametoolsstring,socommunications&powerarenotlost.VSS電壓傳感開關(guān)下井儀起到電氣隔離作用，當(dāng)射孔作業(yè)時，射孔槍起爆后會引起電纜短路，射孔槍之上的下井儀就會因為短路而不能工作，VSS的使用就能使其他下井儀繼續(xù)工作，不受短路影響

OrientedPerforationService

旋轉(zhuǎn)式定向射孔IDC動態(tài)控制InstrumentDynamicsController–Applications:下井儀動態(tài)控制—應(yīng)用OrientatedPerforatingapplications;定向射孔Highunderbalanceperforatingoperations;大欠平衡射孔作業(yè)Highflow-ratewells;高流量井PSJ動力旋轉(zhuǎn)PoweredSwivelJoint–Applications:動力旋轉(zhuǎn)下井儀—應(yīng)用OrientatedPerforatingapplications;定向射孔的應(yīng)用Avoidingperforatingcontrollinesorpowercables;避免射孔損壞控制電纜和動力電纜SuperPermeableFormationPerforation超低滲油藏射孔Limitedentryperforating;減少射孔作業(yè)的下井次數(shù)時HorizontalShaleGasperforating;水平井頁巖氣射孔Dual/Triplecompletionperforating;雙油管采油的油井Multi-lateralwells;魚骨分支井Alignperforationtunnelswithrockfractures/strata;ChineseTranslationofaboveAlignperforationtunnelswithprincipalrockstresses巖石裂縫/應(yīng)力需要和射孔通道一致時PSJ–TimeSavings

動力旋轉(zhuǎn)-節(jié)省時間CurrentTechnologyforOrientatedPerforating現(xiàn)有技術(shù)的定向射孔方式Run1–Setplugwithinternalalignmentfeature;第一次下井坐封帶定位槽的橋塞Run2–StabintoplugwithgyrotomeasureRB;第二次下井儀測量橋塞定位槽的相對方位Run3–Aligngunsubandrungunstostabintoplug;第二次下井儀將射孔槍放入橋塞定位槽內(nèi)，射孔Run4–Unset