浙江省杭州北斗聯(lián)盟2023-2024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期中聯(lián)考英語(yǔ)試題

2023學(xué)年第一學(xué)期杭州北斗聯(lián)盟期中聯(lián)考高二年級(jí)英語(yǔ)學(xué)科試題考生須知：1.本卷共8頁(yè)滿(mǎn)分150分，考試時(shí)間120分鐘;2.答題前，在答題卷指定區(qū)域填寫(xiě)班級(jí)、姓名、考場(chǎng)號(hào)、座位號(hào)及準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)并填涂相應(yīng)數(shù)字。3.所有答案必須寫(xiě)在答題紙上，寫(xiě)在試卷上無(wú)效;4.考試結(jié)束后，只需上交答題紙。選擇題部分第一部分聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分7.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話，每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatdoesthemanplantodo?A.Attendaconcert. B.Seeafilm. C.Watchagame.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Whatarewegoingtodotonight?Whydon’twegotothecinemaoraconcert?M:Well,thethingisthatthere’safootballmatchontelevision.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatisthemandoing?A.Askingpermission. B.Offeringhelp. C.Findingthesmokingarea.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Excuseme.CouldIsmokehere,ma’am?W:I’msorry,butyouseethatmybabyissleepinghere.Whydon’tyougotothesmokingareabetweenCarriages8and9?3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whendidthewomancamebackhome?A.At8:00 B.At10:00. C.At11:00.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Whenwasyourlaptopstolen?W:Itwasabout10o’clock.Ilefthomeat8:00,andwhenIcamebackat11:00,itwasgone.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Wheredoesthewomanwanttohavedinner?A.AttheRedRoseRestaurant.B.Attheman’shouse.C.AttheBlueMoonRestaurant.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Shallweeatouttonight?W:Soundsgreat.Wheredoyouwanttogo?M:HowabouttheRedRoseRestaurant?It’sverynearmyhouse.W:It’stoonoisythere.HowabouttheBlueMoonRestaurant?Ilikethesoftmusicthere—it’samuchnicerenvironmentforeating.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatwillthewomando?A.Takeabath. B.Cookameal. C.Callherdad.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Whyareyouallwet,Nick?M:Someonefellintothelake,andIjumpedintosavehim.W:Oh,mydearboy,I’msogladyou’reOK.Goandtakeahotbath.Thengiveyourdadacall.I’llgoandprepareyousomedinner.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分22.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】6.Howmuchwillthewomanpay?A.$100. B.$200. C.$400.7.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A.Feedthedogeveryday.B.Walkthedogtwiceaday.C.Getthedog’sregistrationpapers.【答案】6.A7.B【解析】【原文】W:Hello,canyouboarddogshere?M:Yes.Howlongdoyouwanttoboardyourdog?W:IwanttoboardmydogherefromnextMondaytonextThursday.Howmuchperday?M:Asmalldogis25adayabigdogis50aday.W:Oh,Ithinkmineisasmallone.Canyouwalkthedogtwiceaday?M:Noproblem.Whenyoubringyourdog,pleasebringthedog’sregistrationpapers.聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】8.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Bossandemployee. B.Husbandandwife. C.Neighbors.9.Whatdoesthemanhavetodonow?A.Talkwiththewoman. B.Gototheairport. C.SeeMr.Brownoff.【答案】8.A9.B【解析】【原文】M:Hello,Alice.What’sthematter?W:I’vebeenherefortwohours.Canyousparemeafewminutes?M:Rightnow?W:Yes.I’dliketohaveawordwithyouaboutmyjob.M:Sorry.I’mafraidIcan’t,forImustgototheairporttomeetMr.Brownnow.W:Whataboutthistimetomorrow?M:OK.Thistimetomorrowthen.Seeyou!W:Seeyou!聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】10.What’sthewoman’strouble?A.Shearguedwithherclassmate.B.Shehasdifficultygettingajob.C.Shelacksoffashionableclothes.11.Whatshouldthewomandoaccordingtoherparents?A.Getapart-timejob. B.Buysomenewclothes. C.Spendmoretimeonherstudy.12.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?A.Sheisthesamesizeashersister.B.Shewillhaveatalkwithherparents.C.Shedoesn’twanttowearhersister’sclothes.【答案】10.C11.C12.A【解析】【原文】W:Oh,Dennis,whatshouldIdo?M:What’swrong,Julia?W:IdonothavecoolclothesfortheTalentShownextweek.Myclothesareoutofstyle.M:Whynotbuysomenewclothes?W:Idon’thaveenoughmoney.M:Maybeyoucouldgetapart-timejobinyourfreetime.W:No,Ican’t.Myparentswantmetospendmoretimeonmystudy.SoIarguedwiththem.M:Oh,youshouldn’targuewithyourparents.Youshouldtalktothem.Hey,Julia,whydon’tyouborrowsomefromyoursister?Ithinkyoutwoarethesamesize.W:That’strue.Butmysisterdoesn’twantmetowearherclothes.Shewantstobeoriginal.SoIhadanargumentwithhertoo.聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】13.Whydoesthewomancalltheman?A.Tohelphimbuyfood. B.Toinvitehimtoaparty. C.Toaskhimtosendinvitations.14.WhatdoesthewomansayaboutBen?A.HeisleavingFrance. B.Hehasbecomeateacher. C.Hewillworkforamagazine.15.Whowillattendtheparty?A.Ben’steachers. B.Ben’sparents. C.Ben’sworkmates.16.Whenwillthespeakersmeet?A.At8:45. B.At9:00. C.At10:00.【答案】13.B14.C15.C16.A【解析】【原文】W:Hi,Jackie!We’regoingtoafarewellpartyonFridayevening.Wouldyouliketocome?M:Toaparty?Ruth,I’dloveto!Whosepartyisit?W:Myfriend,Ben.He’sgoingtoParisonSaturday.He’sgotagreatjobwithaFrenchmagazine.M:Wow!Goodforhim.Ishehavingapartyathisflat?W:Yes.He’sarrangedforit.M:Whoelseisgoing?W:Well,someofBen’sfriendsfromworkandus.M:Thatsoundsgood.Whattimeareyougoing?W:Aboutnineo’clock.Thepartyisatten.M:I’dliketogowithyou.I’llmeetyouatyourflatataquartertonine.W:Noproblem.Seeyouthen.聽(tīng)下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】17.Whoisthespeaker?A.Brandon’smother. B.Acustomer. C.AnannounceratWal-Mart.18.WherewasBrandonlastseen?A.Inthetoyssection.B.Inthefrozenfoodssection.C.Inthesportinggoodssection.19.WhatisBrandonwearing?A.Adarkshirtandbluejeans.B.Bluejeansandablackbaseballcap.C.Awhiteshirtandaredbaseballcap.20.WhatshouldcustomersdoiftheyseeBrandon?A.TakehimtothePizzaHut.B.Callthefrozenfoodssection.C.Helphimtogettothesecuritydesk.【答案】17.C18.B19.B20.C【解析】【原文】W:Goodafternoon,shoppers!ThisisaspecialrequestfromthesecuritydepartmenthereatWal-Mart.Wehopeyouarefindingeverythingyouarelookingfor,butrightnow,weneedyourhelp.Wearelookingfora12-year-oldboynamedBrandonMcSorley.Brandon,ifyoucanhearthis,pleasegotothesecuritydesk.Yourmomislookingforyou.Allotherguests,pleasetakeamomenttohelpusfindBrandon.HismotherSallywaslastwithhiminthefrozenfoodssectionabout10minutesago,andshethinksheisstillsomewhereinthestore,possiblyinthetoyssectionorthesportinggoodssection.Brandoniswearingaredshirt,bluejeans,whiteshoes,andablackbaseballcap.Heisabout5feet2inchestallwithdarkhairandblueeyes.IfyouseeBrandon,pleasehelphimtogettothesecuritydesk.YoucanalsotellusintimeifyouseeBrandonorhaveanyotherinformationabouthim.Thankyouverymuchforyourhelp,andenjoytherestofyourdayhereatWal-Mart.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AExperimentingwitheggsWhatcanyoudowitheggsotherthaneatthem?NakedEggsWhatdoesanegglooklikewithoutitsshell?Youmaybepicturingthewhiteandyolkinabowlaftercrackingit,butthatisn’ttheonlywaytoremovetheshell.Materials:1egg,whitevinegar,abowl,aspoonDirections:Fillabowlwithonecupofvinegar.Addtheeggtothebowl,andwaitatleast24hours.Whenyoucheckitafteraday,you’llnoticesomebubblesontheeggandaresidue(殘留物)inthewater.Usethespoontogentlyremovetheeggfromthebowl.Removetheoldvinegar,andaddacupoffreshvinegar.Returntheeggtothebowl,andwaitanother24hours.Whenyouremovetheeggthistime,theshellshouldcompletelydisappear.WalkingonEggshellsCanEggsholdtheweightofyourentirebody?Materials:sixcartons(硬紙盒)ofeggs,agarbagebagDirections:Placethegarbagebagonthefloortomakeanynecessarycleanupeasier.Placethecartonsofeggsintotworowsofthree.Makesurealltheeggsarepointinginthesamedirection-eitherallpointyenduporallroundedendup.Stepontothefirstcartonofeggscarefully.Ifyou’recareful,youwillsucceed.Eggsareactuallyincrediblystrong.Thearchshapeatthetopandthebottomoftheeggallowspressuretobedistributedevenlyovertheegg.21.Inthefirstexperiment,whatcause(s)theeggshelltodisappear?A.Water. B.Vinegar. C.Bubbles. D.Residue.22.Whatwasthemainfactorinthesuccessofthesecondexperiment?A.Thearrangementoftheeggs. B.thenumberoftheeggs.C.Thedistributionofthecartons. D.Theshapeofthecartons.23.Whatwastheauthor’spurposeinwritingthistext?A.Topersuadereaderstouseeggsinnewways.B.Totellthereaderaboutthestructureoftheegg.C.Toinstructreadershowtoexperimentwitheggs.D.Toinspirereaderstoconductexperimentscarefully.【答案】21.B22.A23.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了兩個(gè)與雞蛋有關(guān)的實(shí)驗(yàn)的操作過(guò)程。【21題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)部分中“Directions:Fillabowlwithonecupofvinegar.Addtheeggtothebowl,andwaitatleast24hours.Whenyoucheckitafteraday,you’llnoticesomebubblesontheeggandaresidue(殘留物)inthewater.Usethespoontogentlyremovetheeggfromthebowl.Removetheoldvinegar,andaddacupoffreshvinegar.Returntheeggtothebowl,andwaitanother24hours.Whenyouremovetheeggthistime,theshellshouldcompletelydisappear.(在碗中加入一杯醋。將雞蛋加入碗中，等待至少24小時(shí)。當(dāng)你一天后檢查它時(shí)，你會(huì)注意到雞蛋上有一些氣泡和水中的殘留物。用勺子輕輕地把雞蛋從碗里舀出來(lái)。去掉之前的醋，加入一杯新鮮醋。將雞蛋放回碗中，再等24小時(shí)。當(dāng)你這次取出雞蛋時(shí)，蛋殼應(yīng)該完全消失了)”可知，在這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)中讓雞蛋殼消失的是醋。故選B?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)部分中“Directions:Placethecartonsofeggsintotworowsofthree.Makesurealltheeggsarepointinginthesamedirection-eitherallpointyenduporallroundedendup.Stepontothefirstcartonofeggscarefully.Ifyou’recareful,youwillsucceed.Eggsareactuallyincrediblystrong.Thearchshapeatthetopandthebottomoftheeggallowspressuretobedistributedevenlyovertheegg.(把雞蛋盒分成兩排，每排三個(gè)。確保所有的蛋都指向同一個(gè)方向——要么是尖的，要么是圓的。小心地踩上第一盒雞蛋。如果你小心，你就會(huì)成功。雞蛋實(shí)際上非常結(jié)實(shí)。雞蛋頂部和底部的拱形形狀可以使壓力均勻地分布在雞蛋上)”可知，第二個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)成功的關(guān)鍵是雞蛋的排列方法，如果排列得當(dāng)，壓力可以均勻地分布在雞蛋上，這樣就不容易碎。故選A?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文，并結(jié)合“Materials:1egg,whitevinegar,abowl,aspoon(材料：雞蛋1個(gè)，白醋，碗一個(gè)，勺子一把)”和“Materials:sixcartons(硬紙盒)ofeggs,agarbagebag(材料：雞蛋6盒，垃圾袋一個(gè))”對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)材料的介紹，以及direction部分對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)過(guò)程和結(jié)果的介紹推知，作者寫(xiě)本文的目的是教讀者如何完成兩個(gè)和雞蛋有關(guān)的實(shí)驗(yàn)。故選C。BIn2009,ShawnSeiplerworkedforanAmericantechnologycompany.HisjobrequireshimtotravelallovertheUnitedStates.Ashesatinhishotelroomonenight,hebegantowonderwhathappenedtothesoapinthebathroomonceheleftthehotel.It’simpossibletoleaveitintheroomforsomeoneelsetouse.Curious,heaskedthehotelmanager,whotoldhimtheusedsoaphadbeenthrownawayandreplacedwithanewone.Shawncouldnotsleepthatnight.AquickInternetsearchinformedhimthattherewereabout4.6millionhotelroomsinAmerica.If60percentofthesewereusedeverynight,overonemillionbarsofsoapwouldbethrownawayeveryday.Wasthisreallynecessary?Theyoungmanwentontoreadreportsabouttheimportanceofhand-washing.Helearnedthatthousandsofchildrenweredyingeverydayfromdiseasesrelatedtobadhygiene(衛(wèi)生).Ifthechildrenwashedtheirhandswithsoap,thenumberofdeathscouldbereducedbyhalf.Soon,Shawnstartedabusinessrecyclingsoapfromhotels.Shawnstartedhischarity,CleanTheWorld,andbegandistributing(分發(fā))hisrecycledsoaptochildrenallovertheworld.Hisotherbigtaskwastocontactotherhotels,sohecouldtakeawaytheirusedsoap.Hefoundthathewasreallydoingthehotelsabigfavour.Notonlywasheputtingtheirsoaptogooduse,buthewasalsopreventingmillionsofbarsofusedsoapfromendingupinlandfill(垃圾填埋地)everyyear.Hischaritywasabletoraisemoneybychargingthehotelsforthisservice.Inreturn,thehotelscouldtelleveryonetheywerepartofanamazingnewcharity.Today,thecharityhasofficesoverseasandoperatesinChina,IndiaandCanada.ManyofthebiggesthotelgroupsintheworldareworkingwithCleanTheWorld,helpingtosavelives.24.WhattroubledShawnwhenhewasinahotelroomin2009?A.Histiringtravels. B.Thewasteofsoapinhotels.C.Hissleepingproblems. D.Thepoorserviceofthehotel.25.WhatcanwelearnaboutCleanTheWorld?A.Itisawin-winforitselfandhotels.B.Ithelpshotelsmakealotofmoney.C.Itintendstosellsoaptopoorpeople.D.Ittriestocreateenvironment-friendlysoap.26.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeShawn?A.Far-sightedandstrict. B.Curiousandhumorous.CPublic-spiritedandcaring. D.Responsibleandcourageous.27.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Hotelscomingtogether B.BuildinggoodhygienehabitsC.Creativewaysofmakingsoap D.Recyclingsoaptosavelives【答案】24.B25.A26.C27.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了ShawnSeipler成立了一個(gè)慈善機(jī)構(gòu)，目的是把酒店用過(guò)的肥皂回收后制造成新的肥皂發(fā)放給貧困地區(qū)的人們，這樣可以提高當(dāng)?shù)氐男l(wèi)生條件從而挽救很多人的生命。【24題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Ashesatinhishotelroomonenight,hebegantowonderwhathappenedtothesoapinthebathroomonceheleftthehotel.(一天晚上，當(dāng)他坐在酒店房間里時(shí)，他開(kāi)始想，等他離開(kāi)酒店后，浴室里的肥皂去了哪里。)”及“Curious,heaskedthehotelmanager,whotoldhimtheusedsoaphadbeenthrownawayandreplacedwithanewone.(出于好奇，他問(wèn)了酒店經(jīng)理，經(jīng)理告訴他，用過(guò)的肥皂已經(jīng)被扔掉了，換上了一塊新的。)”和第二段中的“Shawncouldnotsleepthatnight.AquickInternetsearchinformedhimthattherewereabout4.6millionhotelroomsinAmerica.If60percentofthesewereusedeverynight,overonemillionbarsofsoapwouldbethrownawayeveryday.(那天晚上肖恩無(wú)法入睡。他在網(wǎng)上快速搜索了一下，發(fā)現(xiàn)美國(guó)大約有460萬(wàn)間酒店客房。如果每天晚上使用其中的60%，每天就會(huì)扔掉超過(guò)一百萬(wàn)塊肥皂。)”可知，當(dāng)Shawn得知每天有一百多萬(wàn)條肥皂被扔掉的時(shí)候，他久久難以入睡，如此龐大的浪費(fèi)令他憂(yōu)心忡忡。故選B。【25題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Hefoundthathewasreallydoingthehotelsabigfavour.Notonlywasheputtingtheirsoaptogooduse,buthewasalsopreventingmillionsofbarsofusedsoapfromendingupinlandfill(垃圾填埋地)everyyear.Hischaritywasabletoraisemoneybychargingthehotelsforthisservice.Inreturn,thehotelscouldtelleveryonetheywerepartofanamazingnewcharity.(他發(fā)現(xiàn)自己真的幫了酒店一個(gè)大忙。他不僅充分利用了他們的肥皂，而且還防止了每年數(shù)百萬(wàn)塊用過(guò)的肥皂被扔進(jìn)垃圾填埋場(chǎng)。他的慈善機(jī)構(gòu)能夠通過(guò)向酒店收取這項(xiàng)服務(wù)的費(fèi)用來(lái)籌集資金。作為回報(bào)，酒店可以告訴所有人，他們是一個(gè)了不起的新慈善機(jī)構(gòu)的一部分。)”可知，CleanTheWorld不僅從酒店那里獲得機(jī)構(gòu)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)的資金，而且還幫助酒店做了好事并幫其做了正面宣傳。由此可見(jiàn)，該慈善機(jī)構(gòu)的所作所為對(duì)機(jī)構(gòu)和酒店而言都是雙贏的。故選A?！?6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Helearnedthatthousandsofchildrenweredyingeverydayfromdiseasesrelatedtobadhygiene(衛(wèi)生).Ifthechildrenwashedtheirhandswithsoap,thenumberofdeathscouldbereducedbyhalf.Soon,Shawnstartedabusinessrecyclingsoapfromhotels.(他了解到，每天都有成千上萬(wàn)的兒童死于與不衛(wèi)生有關(guān)的疾病。如果孩子們用肥皂洗手，死亡人數(shù)可以減少一半。很快，肖恩開(kāi)始了從酒店回收肥皂的生意。)”和第三段中的“Shawnstartedhischarity,CleanTheWorld,andbegandistributing(分發(fā))hisrecycledsoaptochildrenallovertheworld.(肖恩創(chuàng)辦了他的慈善機(jī)構(gòu)?！扒鍧嵤澜纭?，并開(kāi)始把他的回收肥皂分發(fā)給世界各地的孩子們。)”可知，Shawn在意識(shí)到肥皂的重要性時(shí)，創(chuàng)立了向全世界兒童分發(fā)肥皂的慈善機(jī)構(gòu)。由此可見(jiàn)，Shawn是一名熱心公益且有愛(ài)心的人。故選C?！?7題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，根據(jù)文中對(duì)Shawn通過(guò)回收肥皂送給貧困地區(qū)的人們來(lái)挽救他人生命的描述可知，D項(xiàng)：Recyclingsoaptosavelives(回收肥皂拯救生命)最能概括該主旨大意，適合作標(biāo)題。故選D。CPeoplemaysetanalarmonthephoneorclockthatsoundslikethis:beepbeepbeep.Thathard,unpleasantsoundmaybemakingithardertoshakeoffthesleepyfeelinginthemorningknownasgrogginess.So,isthereabetterwaytowakeup?Arecentstudysaysyes.Theanswerismusic.Thestudy,carriedoutbyresearchersinAustralia,involved50people.Theresearchersfoundthatpeoplewhowakeuptomusicalalarmsreportedfeelingmoreawakeandalert.StuartMcFarlane,aleadwriterofthestudystated,“Weareverysurprisedbythesefindingsasonemightexpectaharshbeepingsoundtobemoresuccessfulatwakingupaperson.”Sleepinertia(睡眠慣性)isanothertermforgrogginess.Itmeansapersonhasaheavyfeelingwhenwakingup,andhastroublegettingmovingagainaftersleeping.McFarlanesaidpeopleneedtobetterunderstandsleepinertia’sharmfuleffectsonhumanperformancelaterintheday.“Noteveryonewillexperiencethefulleffect.Butforthosewhoneedtoperformwellduringthistime,careshouldbetakenwhenperformingtheirduties,”hesaid.“Thisincludesdangeroustaskslikedrivingorridingourbikesshortlyafterwakingup.Thesameistrueforpeoplewhoworkindangeroussituationsshortlyaftertheywake,includingfirefightersandpilots.”So,whatmakesmusicalalarmsbetterforwakingup?Theresearchersthinkthemusicmaybemoresuccessfulinreducingsleepinertiabecauseithasseveraltones,comparedtothesingletoneofa“beeping”alarm.McFarlanesaidthatthechangesovertimebetweenthemusictonesmayhelpincreaseaperson’sattentionwhenwakingfromsleep.Andisthereakindofmusicthatisbesttowakeupto?Theremaybe,McFarlanesaid.“Wecouldsuggestalarmsoundsthataretunefullandeasytosingalongwith.ThecurrentsoundsIhavebeenusinginclude‘Closetome’bytheCureand‘Borderline’byMadonna.”Nomatterhowyouwakeup,expertssay,theamountofsleepyougetalsomattersalot.28.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“shakeoff”meaninParagraph1?A.Getholdof. B.Getridof. C.Payattentionto. D.Fitinto.29.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Sleepinertiaisthemaincauseofgrogginess.B.Howlongapersonsleepsisofgreatimportance.C.The“beeping”alarmisnoteffectivemainlybecauseofitsnoisytone.D.Itisdangerousforeveryonetodriveorridebicyclesshortlyafterwakingup.30Whatmakesmusicmoreeffectiveinresistingsleepinertia?A.Itvariesintones. B.Itispleasanttohear.C.Ithashigherfrequency. D.Itiseasiertounderstand.31.Inwhichsectionofamagazinemayyoufindthepassage?A.Technology. B.Fiction. C.Health. D.Entertainment.【答案】28.B29.B30.A31.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要講述的是音樂(lè)鬧鈴更適合叫醒人，而且更可能成功的減少睡眠慣性，并陳述了其原因?！?8題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)下文“So,isthereabetterwaytowakeup?Arecentstudysaysyes.Theanswerismusic.(那么，有沒(méi)有更好的起床方式呢？最近的一項(xiàng)研究給出了肯定的答案。答案是音樂(lè)。)”可知，劃線詞所在的句子意思為：這種刺耳的、令人不快的聲音可能會(huì)讓你更難擺脫早晨的困倦感。由此可知，shakeoff意為“擺脫”，和B項(xiàng)：getridof意思一致。故選B。【29題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Nomatterhowyouwakeup,expertssay,theamountofsleepyougetalsomattersalot.(專(zhuān)家說(shuō)，不管你是怎么醒來(lái)的，你的睡眠時(shí)間也很重要。)”可知，一個(gè)人睡多久很重要。故選B。【30題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段“Theresearchersthinkthemusicmaybemoresuccessfulinreducingsleepinertiabecauseithasseveraltones,comparedtothesingletoneofa“beeping”alarm.(研究人員認(rèn)為，與單一的“嗶嗶聲”鬧鐘相比，這種音樂(lè)可能更能有效地減少睡眠慣性，因?yàn)樗卸喾N音調(diào)。)”可知，音樂(lè)的音調(diào)變化使它更有效地抵抗睡眠慣性。故選A?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。本文主要講音樂(lè)鬧鈴更適合叫醒人，而且可能更成功地減少睡眠慣性，并陳述了其原因，本文是關(guān)于睡眠起床主題的文章，因此讀者會(huì)在雜志的健康版塊看到這篇文章。故選C。DAteamofresearchersatETHZurichhastheperfectlong-lastingsolutiontoourfogproblem.Theyhavedevelopedaverythinandgold-basedtransparentcoating(涂層)thatcanconvertsunlightintoheat,whichcanbeappliedtoglassandothersurfacestopreventthemfromfogging.Thespecialcoatingisdevelopedusingtitaniumoxideandgoldparticles.Itselectivelyabsorbsinfraredradiations(紅外線輻射)fromthesunlightandcreatesaheatingeffectthatispowerfulenoughtokeepfogawayfromthesurfaceofanobject.Thecoatingbasicallyemploysheattostopfogging.Thecoatingabsorbsalargepartoftheinfraredradiation,whichcausesittoheatup-byupto8℃.Previously,productslikeanti-foggingsprays(噴霧)createaverythinfilmofwateronthesurfacetoremovefog.Theproblemwithsuchsurfacesispollution.Alongwithwater,thespraysalsoattractdirt,dust,oil,andvariousotherdirtysubstances,andjustalittledirtonthesurfacemakesituseless.However,thenewcoatingrepels(排斥)water.Furthermore,thecoatingissignificantlythinner,whichmakesitmoretransparentaswellasflexible.Itisheatedpassivelyandrequires,duringdaytime,noadditionalenergysource.Goldmightbeexpensive,buttheresearchersstressthattheircoatingrequiressolittlethatthematerialcostsremainlow.Theircoatingisproducedwithstandardizedandreadilyscalablemethods,allcost-effectively.However,althoughthisproductcanworkatverylowlevelsofsolarradiation,itdoesrelyonacertainamountoflight.Theresearcherswilldevelopthecoatingfurtherforotherapplications.Intheprocess,theywillexaminewhetherothermetalsworkjustaswellasgold.Thereisnoneedtofear.However,thiswouldcauseacarorabuildingtoheatupmoreinthesummer.Theresearchershavealreadyfiledapatent.Hopefully,thisgroundbreakingproductwillsoonbeavailableonthemarket.32.Howdoesthenewcoatingworktoremovefog?A.Byreflectingpartofsunlightselectively.B.Bykeepingcoolairawayfromtheobject.C.Bycreatingathinfilmofwateronthesurface.D.Byabsorbinginfraredradiationstoheatthecoating.33.Whydoestheauthormentionpreviousanti-foggingproducts?A.Tostresstheadvantagesofthenewcoating.B.Tointroducetheinspirationbehindthenewcoating.C.Toprovethedifficultyofcreatinganti-foggingproducts.D.Toexplainthereasonfortheanti-foggingcoatingbeingpopular.34.Whatisthelimitationofthenewcoating?A.Itisconsiderablyexpensive. B.Itdependsonsunlighttowork.C.Ittakestoomuchtimetoproduce. D.Itisdifficulttocleanandmaintain.35.Whatdotheresearchersplantodonext?A.Applyforapatentfortheinvention.BDeveloptheproductformorepracticaluses.C.Exploretheenvironmentalimpactofthecoating.D.Seekamoreenvironmentallyfriendlymaterialtoreplacegold.【答案】32.D33.A34.B35.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章主要報(bào)道了蘇黎世聯(lián)邦理工學(xué)院的一組研究人員找到了解決霧霾問(wèn)題的完美持久的方法。他們開(kāi)發(fā)了一種非常薄的金基透明涂層，可以將陽(yáng)光轉(zhuǎn)化為熱量，可以應(yīng)用于玻璃和其他表面，以防止它們起霧?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Thespecialcoatingisdevelopedusingtitaniumoxideandgoldparticles.Itselectivelyabsorbsinfraredradiations(紅外線輻射)fromthesunlightandcreatesaheatingeffectthatispowerfulenoughtokeepfogawayfromthesurfaceofanobject.Thecoatingbasicallyemploysheattostopfogging.Thecoatingabsorbsalargepartoftheinfraredradiation,whichcausesittoheatup-byupto8℃.(這種特殊涂層是用氧化鈦和金顆粒制成的。它選擇性地吸收太陽(yáng)光中的紅外輻射，并產(chǎn)生一種強(qiáng)大的加熱效應(yīng)，足以使霧遠(yuǎn)離物體表面。這種涂層基本上是利用熱量來(lái)停止起霧。涂層吸收了很大一部分紅外輻射，這使得它的溫度上升了8℃。)”可知，這種涂層選擇性地吸收太陽(yáng)光中的紅外輻射加熱涂層，從而去除霧氣。故選D?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Previously,productslikeanti-foggingsprays(噴霧)createaverythinfilmofwateronthesurfacetoremovefog.Theproblemwithsuchsurfacesispollution.Alongwithwater,thespraysalsoattractdirt,dust,oil,andvariousotherdirtysubstances,andjustalittledirtonthesurfacemakesituseless.However,thenewcoatingrepels(排斥)water.Furthermore,thecoatingissignificantlythinner,whichmakesitmoretransparentaswellasflexible.Itisheatedpassivelyandrequires,duringdaytime,noadditionalenergysource.(以前，像防霧噴霧劑這樣的產(chǎn)品會(huì)在表面形成一層非常薄的水膜來(lái)去除霧。這種表面的問(wèn)題是污染。除了水，噴霧劑還會(huì)吸引污垢、灰塵、油和其他各種臟物質(zhì)，表面上有一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)污垢就沒(méi)用了。然而，新涂層排斥水。此外，涂層明顯更薄，這使得它更透明，也更靈活。它是被動(dòng)加熱的，在白天不需要額外的能源。)”可知，作者提到以前的防霧產(chǎn)品是為了突出新涂層的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。故選A?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“However,althoughthisproductcanworkatverylowlevelsofsolarradiation,itdoesrelyonacertainamountoflight.(然而，盡管這種產(chǎn)品可以在非常低的太陽(yáng)輻射水平下工作，但它確實(shí)依賴(lài)于一定數(shù)量的光。)”可知，這種涂層確實(shí)依賴(lài)于一定數(shù)量的光。故選B。【35題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Theresearcherswilldevelopthecoatingfurtherforotherapplications.(研究人員將進(jìn)一步開(kāi)發(fā)用于其他應(yīng)用的涂層。)”可知，研究人員接下來(lái)將會(huì)開(kāi)發(fā)該產(chǎn)品的更多實(shí)際用途。故選B。第二節(jié)(共5個(gè)小題;每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。FourCommonCommunicationMistakesItcanbeembarrassingtomakemistakesincommunication.Forexample,ifyousendanemailwithagrammaticalerror,youcanenduplookingunprofessional.___36___Forexample,theycanpushawaycolleaguesorcustomers.Nowlet'slookatsomecommoncommunicationmistakes.___37___Spelling,toneandgrammaticalmistakescanmakeyoulookcareless.That'swhyit'sessentialtocheckallofyourcommunicationsbeforeyousendthem.Sometimes,itcanbedifficulttoseeerrorsinyourownwork.Soconsideraskingacolleaguetolookoverkeydocumentsbeforeyoudistributethem.Youalwaysdeliverbadnewsbyemail.Wouldyouannouncesomethingbadtoothersbyemail?Ifyoudid,youcouldupsetthem!Writtencommunicationchannelsdon'tallowyoutosoftendifficultmessageswithnon-verbal（非言語(yǔ)的）clues,suchasbodylanguage.___38___Soifyouneedtodeliverbadnews,dothisinperson.Youtendtoavoiddifficultconversations.Atsomepoint,youwillneedtogivenegativefeedback（反饋意見(jiàn)）.Itmayseemwisetoavoidsuchconversation.___39___Forinstance,youmayfindthatasmallproblemyou“l(fā)etgo”soongrowsintoabigone.Preparationisthekeytohandlingdifficultconversations.Learntogiveclear,actionablefeedback.Youarereactinginsteadofresponding.Haveyouevershoutedatacolleagueinupset,orsentabriefandunfriendlyreplytoanemail,withoutthinkingyourpointthrough?Ifso,you'relikelytohavereactedemotionally,insteadofrespondingcalmly.Thekindofemotionalreactioncandamageyourreputation.___40___A.Youfailtohaveyourworkedited.B.Butthiscancausefurtherproblems.C.Difficultconversationscancauseupset.D.Youassumeothersunderstandyourmessages.E.Youmaygiveotherstheimpressionoflackingself-control.F.Andtheydon'tallowyoutoimmediatelydealwithstrongemotions.G.Othercommunicationmistakescanhavemoreseriousconsequences.【答案】36.G37.A38.F39.B40.E【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了四種常見(jiàn)的溝通中的錯(cuò)誤?！?6題詳解】由上文“Itcanbeembarrassingtomakemistakesincommunication.Forexample,ifyousendanemailwithagrammaticalerror,youcanenduplookingunprofessional.(在交流中犯錯(cuò)誤可能會(huì)讓人尷尬。例如，如果你發(fā)送了一封語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤的電子郵件，你最終可能看起來(lái)不專(zhuān)業(yè)。)”可知，上文提到郵件中的語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤會(huì)給人留下不專(zhuān)業(yè)的印象，且下文進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明其他錯(cuò)誤交流方式會(huì)造成更嚴(yán)重的后果。G項(xiàng)Othercommunicationmistakescanhavemoreseriousconsequences.(其他溝通錯(cuò)誤可能會(huì)產(chǎn)生更嚴(yán)重的后果。)符合語(yǔ)境，與上文存在遞進(jìn)關(guān)系且與下文存在解釋關(guān)系。故選G項(xiàng)。【37題詳解】由下文“Spelling,toneandgrammaticalmistakescanmakeyoulookcareless.That'swhyit'sessentialtocheckallofyourcommunicationsbeforeyousendthem.Sometimes,itcanbedifficulttoseeerrorsinyourownwork.Soconsideraskingacolleaguetolookoverkeydocumentsbeforeyoudistributethem.(拼寫(xiě)、語(yǔ)氣和語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤會(huì)讓你看起來(lái)很粗心。這就是為什么在發(fā)送之前檢查所有通信至關(guān)重要的原因。有時(shí)，很難看到自己工作中的錯(cuò)誤。因此，請(qǐng)考慮讓同事在分發(fā)關(guān)鍵文檔之前先查看這些文檔。)”可知，本段主要陳述了一種常見(jiàn)的交流中的錯(cuò)誤行為：在將文本發(fā)出去之前未對(duì)其進(jìn)行校對(duì)。A項(xiàng)Youfailtohaveyourworkedited.(你的作品沒(méi)有被編輯。)符合語(yǔ)境，是本段的主旨句。故選A項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】由上文“Wouldyouannouncesomethingbadtoothersbyemail?Ifyoudid,youcouldupsetthem!Writtencommunicationchannelsdon'tallowyoutosoftendifficultmessageswithnon-verbal（非言語(yǔ)的）clues,suchasbodylanguage.(你會(huì)通過(guò)電子郵件向別人宣布一些不好的事情嗎？如果你這么做了，你可能會(huì)讓他們不高興！書(shū)面溝通渠道不允許你用非語(yǔ)言線索（如肢體語(yǔ)言）軟化困難的信息。)”可知，這里主要陳述了書(shū)面溝通渠道傳達(dá)負(fù)面消息的缺點(diǎn)。F項(xiàng)Andtheydon'tallowyoutoimmediatelydealwithstrongemotions.(它們不允許你立即處理強(qiáng)烈的情緒。)符合語(yǔ)境，其中they指代前面Writtencommunicationchannels，且與下文存在并列關(guān)系。故選F項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)段落標(biāo)題“Youtendtoavoiddifficultconversations.(你常常會(huì)避免困難的談話。)”可知，本段闡述你會(huì)避免困難談話，由上文“Atsomepoint,youwillneedtogivenegativefeedback（反饋意見(jiàn)）.Itmayseemwisetoavoidsuchconversation.(在某個(gè)時(shí)候，你需要給出負(fù)面的反饋。避免這樣的