商務統(tǒng)計學習題

CHAPTER1—DATAANDSTATISTICS

MULTIPLECHOICE

1.Inaquestionnaire,respondentsareaskedtomarktheirgenderasmaleorfemale.Genderisanexample

ofthe

a.ordinalscale

b.nominalscale

c.ratioscale

d.intervalscale

ANS:BPTS:1TOP:DescriptiveStatistics

2.Thenominalscaleofmeasurementhasthepropertiesofthe

a.ordinalscale

b.onlyintervalscale

c.ratioscale

d.Noneofthesealternativesiscorrect.

ANS:DPTS:1TOP:DescriptiveStatistics

3.Thescaleofmeasurementthatisusedtorankordertheobservationforavariableiscalledthe

a.ratioscale

b.ordinalscale

c.nominalscale

d.intervalscale

ANS:BPTS:1TOP:DescriptiveStatistics

4.Somehotelsasktheirgueststoratethehotel'sservicesasexcellent,verygood,good,andpoor.Thisisan

exampleofthe

a.ordinalscale

b.ratioscale

c.nominalscale

d.intervalscale

ANS:APTS:1TOP:DescriptiveStatistics

5.Theordinalscaleofmeasurementhasthepropertiesofthe

a.ratioscale

b.intervalscale

c.nominalscale

d.ratioandintervalscales

ANS:CPTS:1TOP:DescriptiveStatistics

6.Theratioscaleofmeasurementhasthepropertiesof

a.onlytheordinalscale

b.onlythenominalscale

c.therankscale

d.theintervalscale

ANS:DPTS:1TOP:DescriptiveStatistics

Thisediti

7.Temperatureisanexampleofavariablethatuses

a.theratioscale

b.theintervalscale

c.theordinalscale

d.eithertheratioortheordinalscale

ANS:BPTS:1TOP:DescriptiveStatistics

8.Theintervalscaleofmeasurementhasthepropertiesofthe

a.ratioandnominalscales

b.ratioandordinalscales

c.ratioscale

d.Noneofthesealternativesiscorrect.

ANS:DPTS:1TOP:DescriptiveStatistics

9.Arithmeticoperationsareinappropriatefor

a.theratioscale

b.theintervalscale

c.boththeratioandintervalscales

d.thenominalscale

ANS:DPTS:1TOP:DescriptiveStatistics

10.Incomeisanexampleofavariablethatusesthe

a.ratioscale

b.intervalscale

c.nominalscale

d.ordinalscale

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11.Dataobtainedfromanominalscale

a.mustbealphabetic

b.canbeeithernumericornonnumeric

c.mustbenumeric

d.mustrankorderthedata

ANS:BPTS:1TOP:DescriptiveStatistics

12.Thescaleofmeasurementthathasaninherentzerovaluedefinedisthe

a.ratioscale

b.nominalscale

c.ordinalscale

d.intervalscale

ANS:APTS:1TOP:DescriptiveStatistics

13.Arithmeticoperationsareappropriatefor

a.onlytheratioscale

b.onlytheintervalscale

c.thenominalscale

d.Noneofthesealternativesiscorrect.

ANS:DPTS:1TOP:DescriptiveStatistics

Thiseditihemavnot

til;nt

14.Quantitativedatareferstodataobtainedwitha(n)

a.ordinalscale

b.nominalscale

c.eitherintervalorratioscale

d.onlyintervalscale

ANS:CPTS:1TOP:DescriptiveStatistics

15.Data

a.arealwaysbenumeric

b.arealwaysnonnumeric

c.aretherawmaterialofstatistics

d.Noneofthesealternativesiscorrect.

ANS:CPTS:1TOP:DescriptiveStatistics

16.Theentitiesonwhichdataarecollectedare

a.elements

b.populations

c.samples

d.Noneofthesealternativesiscorrect.

ANS:APTS:1TOP:DescriptiveStatistics

17.Thesetofmeasurementscollectedforaparticularelementis(are)called

a.variables

b.observations

c.samples

d.Noneofthesealternativesiscorrect.

ANS:BPTS:1TOP:DescriptiveStatistics

18.Acharacteristicofinterestfbrtheelementsiscalleda(n)

a.sample

b.dataset

c.variable

d.Noneofthesealternativesiscorrect.

ANS:CPTS:1TOP:DescriptiveStatistics

19.Allthedatacollectedinaparticularstudyarereferredtoasthe

a.inference

b.variable

c.dataset

d.Noneofthesealternativesiscorrect.

ANS:CPTS:1TOP:DescriptiveStatistics

20.Anothernamefor“observations”is

a.views

b.variables

c.cases

d.Noneofthesealternativesiscorrect.

ANS:CPTS:1TOP:DescriptiveStatistics

Thisedili,hemavnot

til;nt

21.Quantitativedata

a.arealwaysnonnumeric

b.maybeeithernumericornonnumeric

c.arealwaysnumeric

d.Noneofthesealternativesiscorrect.

ANS:CPTS:1TOP:DescriptiveStatistics

22.Inaquestionnaire,respondentsareaskedtomarktheirgenderasmaleorfemale.Genderisanexample

ofa

a.qualitativevariable

b.quantitativevariable

c.qualitativeorquantitativevariable,dependingonhowtherespondentsansweredthe

question

d.Noneofthesealternativesiscorrect.

ANS:APTS:1TOP:DescriptiveStatistics

23.Thenumberofcaseswillalwaysbethesameasthenumberof

a.variables

b.elements

c.datasets

d.data

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24.Qualitativedata

a.mustbenumeric

b.mustbenonnumeric

c.cannotbenumeric

d.maybeeithernumericornonnumeric

ANS:DPTS:1TOP:DescriptiveStatistics

25.Qualitativedata

a.indicateeitherhowmuchorhowmany

b.cannotbenumeric

c.arelabelsusedtoidentifyattributesofelements

d.mustbenonnumeric

ANS:CPTS:1TOP:DescriptiveStatistics

26.Ordinaryarithmeticoperationsaremeaningful

a.onlywithqualitativedata

b.onlywithquantitativedata

c.eitherwithquantitativeorqualitativedata

d.Noneofthesealternativesiscorrect.

ANS:BPTS:1TOP:DescriptiveStatistics

27.Socialsecuritynumbersconsistofnumericvalues.Therefore,socialsecurityisanexampleof

a.aquantitativevariable

b.eitheraquantitativeoraqualitativevariable

c.anexchangevariable

d.aqualitativevariable

ANS:DPTS:1TOP:DescriptiveStatistics

Thiseditihemavnotb

til;nt

28.Temperatureisanexampleof

a.aqualitativevariable

b.aquantitativevariable

c.eitheraquantitativeorqualitativevariable

d.neitheraquantitativenorqualitativevariable

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29.Foreaseofdataentryintoauniversitydatabase,1denotesthatthestudentisanundergraduateand2

indicatesthatthestudentisagraduatestudent.Inthiscasedataare

a.qualitative

b.quantitative

c.eitherqualitativeorquantitative

d.neitherqualitativenorquantitative

ANS:APTS:1TOP:DescriptiveStatistics

30.Arithmeticoperationsareinappropriatefor

a.qualitativedata

b.quantitativedata

c.bothqualitativeandquantitativedata

d.largedatasets

ANS:APTS:1TOP:DescriptiveStatistics

31.Incomeisanexampleof

a.qualitativedata

b.eitherqualitativeorquantitativedata

c.dollardata

d.quantitativedata

ANS:DPTS:1TOP:DescriptiveStatistics

32.Datacollectedatthesame,orapproximatelythesame,pointintimeare

a.timeseriesdata

b.approximatetimeseriesdata

c.crossectionaldata

d.approximatedata

ANS:CPTS:1TOP:DescriptiveStatistics

33.Datacollectedoverseveraltimeperiodsare

a.timeseriesdata

b.timecontrolleddata

c.crossectionaldata

d.timecrossectionaldata

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34.Statisticalstudiesinwhichresearchersdonotcontrolvariablesofinterestare

a.experimentalstudies

b.uncontrolledexperimentalstudies

c.notofanyvalue

d.observationalstudies

ANS:DPTS:1TOP:DescriptiveStatistics

Thiseditihemavnot

til;nt

35.Statisticalstudiesinwhichresearcherscontrolvariablesofinterestare

a.experimentalstudies

b.controlobservationalstudies

c.non-experimentalstudies

d.observationalstudies

ANS:APTS:1TOP:DescriptiveStatistics

36.Thesummariesofdata,whichmaybetabular,graphical,ornumerical,arereferredtoas

a.inferentialstatistics

b.descriptivestatistics

c.statisticalinference

d.reportgeneration

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37.Statisticalinference

a.referstotheprocessofdrawinginferencesaboutthesamplebasedonthecharacteristicsof

thepopulation

b.isthesameasdescriptivestatistics

c.istheprocessofdrawinginferencesaboutthepopulationbasedontheinformationtaken

fromthesample

d.isthesameasacensus

ANS:CPTS:1TOP:DescriptiveStatistics

38.Thecollectionofallelementsofinterestinaparticularstudyis

a.thepopulation

b.thesampling

c.statisticalinference

d.descriptivestatistics

ANS:APTS:1TOP:DescriptiveStatistics

39.Aportionofthepopulationselectedtorepresentthepopulationiscalled

a.statisticalinference

b.descriptivestatistics

c.acensus

d.asample

ANS:DPTS:1TOP:StatisticalInference

40.Inasampleof800studentsinauniversity,240,or30%,areBusinessmajors.The30%isanexampleof

a.asample

b.apopulation

c.statisticalinference

d.descriptivestatistics

ANS:DPTS:1TOP:DescriptiveStatistics

41.Inasampleof400studentsinauniversity,80,or20%,areBusinessmajors.Basedontheabove

information,theschool'spaperreportedthat"20%ofallthestudentsattheuniversityareBusiness

majors.nThisreportisanexampleof

a.asample

Thiseditihemavnot

itli;nt

b.apopulation

c.statisticalinference

d.descriptivestatistics

ANS:CPTS:1TOP:DescriptiveStatistics

42.Fivehundredresidentsofacityarepolledtoobtaininformationonvotingintentionsinanupcomingcity

election.Thefivehundredresidentsinthisstudyisanexampleofa(n)

a.census

b.sample

c.observation

d.population

ANS:BPTS:1TOP:DescriptiveStatistics

43.Astatisticsprofessoraskedstudentsinaclasstheirages.Onthebasisofthisinformation,theprofessor

statesthattheaverageageofallthestudentsintheuniversityis24years.Thisisanexampleof

a.acensus

b.descriptivestatistics

c.anexperiment

d.statisticalinference

ANS:DPTS:1TOP:StatisticalInference

44.Theownerofafactoryregularlyrequestsagraphicalsummaryofallemployees*salaries.Thegraphical

summaryofsalariesisanexampleof

a.asample

b.descriptivestatistics

c.statisticalinference

d.anexperiment

ANS:BPTS:1TOP:DescriptiveStatistics

45.TheDepartmentofTransportationofacityhasnotedthatontheaveragethereare17accidentsperday.

Theaveragenumberofaccidentsisanexampleof

a.descriptivestatistics

b.statisticalinference

c.asample

d.apopulation

ANS:APTS:1TOP:StatisticalInference

46.Theprocessofanalyzingsampledatainordertodrawconclusionsaboutthecharacteristicsofa

populationiscalled

a.descriptivestatistics

b.statisticalinference

c.dataanalysis

d.datasummarization

ANS:BPTS:1TOP:DescriptiveStatistics

Thiseditihemavnotb1

til;nt

47.Inapostoffice,themailboxesarenumberedfrom1to4,500.Thesenumbersrepresent

a.qualitativedata

b.quantitativedata

c.eitherqualitativeorquantitativedata

d.sincethenumbersaresequential,thedataisquantitative

ANS:APTS:1TOP:DescriptiveStatistics

48.Theaverageageinasampleof190studentsatCityCollegeis22.Asaresultofthissample,itcanbe

concludedthattheaverageageofallthestudentsatCityCollege

a.mustbemorethan22,sincethepopulationisalwayslargerthanthesample

b.mustbelessthan22,sincethesampleisonlyapartofthepopulation

c.couldnotbe22

d.couldbelarger,smaller,orequalto22

ANS:DPTS:1TOP:DescriptiveStatistics

49.Sinceasampleisasubsetofthepopulation,thesamplemean

a.isalwayssmallerthanthemeanofthepopulation

b.isalwayslargerthanthemeanofthepopulation

c.mustbeequaltothemeanofthepopulation

d.canbelarger,smaller,orequaltothemeanofthepopulation

ANS:DPTS:1TOP:DescriptiveStatistics

50.Thescaleofmeasurementthatissimplyalabelforthepurposeofidentifyingtheattributeofanelement

isthe

a.ratioscale

b.nominalscale

c.ordinalscale

d.intervalscale

ANS:BPTS:1TOP:DescriptiveStatistics

51.Inadataset,thenumberofelementswillalwaysbethesameasthenumberof

a.independentvariables

b.observations

c.datapoints

d.dependentvariables

ANS:BPTS:1TOP:DescriptiveStatistics

52.Whichofthefollowingisnotascaleofmeasurement?

a.nominal

b.ordinal

c.interval

d.primal

ANS:DPTS:1TOP:DescriptiveStatistics

53.Whichofthefollowingisascaleofmeasurement?

a.ratio

b.primal

c.divisional

d.remedial

ANS:APTS:1TOP:DescriptiveStatistics

Thiseditihemavnot

itli;nt

54.Whichscaleofmeasurementcanbeeithernumericornonnumeric?

a.nominal

b.ratio

c.interval

d.Noneofthesealternativesiscorrect.

ANS:APTS:1TOP:DescriptiveStatistics

55.Whichofthefollowingvariablesusetheratioscaleofmeasurement?

a.socialsecuritynumber

b.temperature

c.gender

d.income

ANS:DPTS:1TOP:DescriptiveStatistics

56.Theweightofacandybarinouncesisanexampleof

a.qualitativedata

b.eitherqualitativeorquantitativedata

c.weightdata

d.quantitativedata

ANS:DPTS:1TOP:DescriptiveStatistics

57.Theheightofabuilding,measuredinfeet,isanexampleof

a.qualitativedata

b.eitherqualitativeorquantitativedata

c.feetdata

d.quantitativedata

ANS:DPTS:1TOP:DescriptiveStatistics

58.Aninterviewerhasmadeanerrorinrecordingthedata.Thistypeoferrorisknownas

a.anexperimentalerror

b.adataacquisitionerror

c.anon-experimentalerror

d.aconglomerateerror

ANS:BPTS:1TOP:DescriptiveStatistics

59.Censusrefersto

a.anexperimentalstudytocollectdataontheentirepopulation

b.anexperimentalstudytocollectdataonasample

c.asurveytocollectdataonasample

d.asurveytocollectdataontheentirepopulation

ANS:DPTS:1TOP:DescriptiveStatistics

60.Inexperimentalstudies,thevariableofinterest

a.isnotcontrolled

b.iscontrolled

c.mustbenumerical

d.cannotbenumerical

ANS:BPTS:1TOP:DescriptiveStatistics

Thiseditihemavnot

itli;nt

61.Inobservationalstudies,thevariableofinterest

a.isnotcontrolled

b.iscontrolled

c.mustbenumerical

d.cannotbenumerical

ANS:APTS:1TOP:DescriptiveStatistics

62.Howmanyscalesofmeasurementexist?

a.1

b.2

c.3

d.4

ANS:DPTS:1TOP:DescriptiveStatistics

63.Whichofthefollowingcanbeclassifiedasquantitativedata?

a.intervalandordinal

b.ratioandordinal

c.nominalandordinal

d.intervalandratio

ANS:DPTS:1TOP:DescriptiveStatistics

64.Thesamplesize

a.canbelargerthanthepopulationsize

b.isalwayssmallerthanthepopulationsize

c.canbelargerorsmallerthanthepopulationsize

d.isalwaysequaltothesizeofthepopulation

ANS:BPTS:1TOP:DescriptiveStatistics

65.Apopulationis

a.thesameasasample

b.theselectionofarandomsample

c.thecollectionofallitemsofinterestinaparticularstudy

d.alwaysthesamesizeasthesample

ANS:CPTS:1TOP:DescriptiveStatistics

66.Inarandomsampleof200items,5itemsweredefective.Anestimateofthepercentageofdefective

itemsinthepopulationis

a.5.0%

b.2.5%

c.200

d.10.0%

ANS:BPTS:1TOP:DescriptiveStatistics

67.Onastreet,thehousesarenumberedfrom300to450.Thehousenumbersareexamplesof

a.qualitativedata

b.quantitativedata

c.bothquantitativeandqualitativedata

d.neitherquantitativenorqualitativedata

ANS:APTS:1TOP:DescriptiveStatistics

he

68.Asurveytocollectdataontheentirepopulationis

a.acensus

b.asample

c.apopulation

d.aninference

ANS:APTS:1TOP:DescriptiveStatistics

69.InExcel,aworksheetthatdisplaysthedatafortheproblemandshowstheresultsoftheanalysisis

a.aformulaworksheet

b.avalueworksheet

c.anabsoluteworksheet

d.adescriptiveworksheet

ANS:BPTS:1TOP:DescriptiveStatistics

70.InExcel,aworksheetthatdisplaystheformulasusedtocreatetheresultsisa

a.resultsworksheet

b.formulaworksheet

c.valueworksheet

d.sampleworksheet

ANS:BPTS:1TOP:DescriptiveStatistics

NARRBEGIN:Exhibit1-1

Exhibit1-1

Inarecentstudybaseduponaninspectionof200homesinDaisyCity,80werefoundtoviolateoneor

morecitycodes.

NARREND

71.RefertoExhibit1-1.Thecitymanagerreleasedastatementthat40%ofDaisyCity's2,000homesarein

violationofcitycodes.Themanager'sstatementisanexampleof

a.acensus

b.anexperiment

c.descriptivestatistics

d.statisticalinference

ANS:DPTS:1TOP:DescriptiveStatistics

NAR:Exhibit1-1

72.RefertoExhibit1-1.TheDaisyCitystudydescribedaboveisanexampleoftheuseofa

a.census

b.sample

c.probability

d.population

ANS:BPTS:1TOP:DescriptiveStatistics

NAR:Exhibit1-1

73.RefertoExhibit1-1.Themanager'sstatementthat40%ofDaisyCity's2,000homesareinviolationof

citycodesis

a.anexactlycorrectstatement

b.onlyanapproximation,sinceitisbaseduponsampleinformation

Thisedili,hemavnotF

til;nt

c.obviouslywrong,sinceitisbaseduponastudyofonly200homes

d.Noneofthesealternativesiscorrect.

ANS:BPTS:1TOP:DescriptiveStatistics

NAR:Exhibit1-1

NARRBEGIN:Exhibit1-2

Exhibit1-2

Inasampleof1,600registeredvoters,912,or57%,approveofthewaythePresidentisdoinghisjob.

NARREND

74.RefertoExhibit1-2.The57%approvalisanexampleof

a.asample

b.descriptivestatistics

c.statisticalinference

d.apopulation

ANS:BPTS:1TOP:DescriptiveStatistics

NAR:Exhibit1-2

75.RefertoExhibit1-2.Apoliticalpollsterstates:"Fifty-sevenpercentofallvotersapproveofthe

President."Thisstatementisanexampleof

a.asample

b.descriptivestatistics

c.statisticalinference

d.apopulation

ANS:CPTS:1TOP:DescriptiveStatistics

NAR:Exhibit1-2

NARRBEGIN:Exhibit1-3

Exhibit1-3

Partofthedatabankofacotporationisshownbelow.

EmployeeYearsofEmployeeRankYearly

NumberGenderDepartmentExperience(1-10)Salary

23450MaleAccounting1510$52,443.00

34568FemaleIT247$111,239.00

23123FemalePersonnel204$84,473.00

23007MaleFinance91$47,519.00

NARREND

76.RefertoExhibit1-3.EmployeeNumberisanexampleofdata,

a.nominal

b.ordinal

c.interval

d.ratio

ANS:APTS:1TOP:DescriptiveStatistics

NAR:Exhibit1-3

77.RefertoExhibit1-3.Genderisanexampleofdata.

henot

til;nt

a.nominal

b.ordinal

c.interval

d.ratio

ANS:APTS:1TOP:DescriptiveStatistics

NAR:Exhibit1-3

78.RefertoExhibit1-3.YearsofExperienceisanexampleofdata.

a.nominal

b.ordinal

c.interval

d.ratio

ANS:DPTS:1TOP:DescriptiveStatistics

NAR:Exhibit1-3

79.RefertoExhibit1-3.EmployeeRankisanexampleofdata.

a.nominal

b.ordinal

c.interval

d.ratio

ANS:BPTS:1TOP:DescriptiveStatistics

NAR:Exhibit1-3

80.RefertoExhibit1-3.YearlySalaryisanexampleofdata.

a.nominal

b.ordinal

c.interval

d.ratio

ANS:DPTS:1TOP:DescriptiveStatistics

NAR:Exhibit1-3

NARRBEGIN:Exhibit1-4

Exhibit1-4

Inmanyuniversities,studentsevaluatetheirprofessorsbymeansofansweringaquestionnaire.Assume

aquestionnaireisdistributedtoaclassof45students.Studentsareaskedtoanswerthefollowing:

1.Sex

2.Race(Black,White,Other)

3.Age

4.Numberofhourscompleted

5.Gradepointaverage

6.Myinstructorisaveryeffectiveteacher

12345

stronglyagreemoderatelyagreeneutralmoderatelydisagreestronglydisagree

NARREND

81.RefertoExhibit1-4.Howmanyelementsareintheabovedataset?

a.5

TliiseditionisintendedloruseoutsideoftheU.S.only,withcontentihalmaybedifferentfromtheU.S.Edition.Thismaynotberesold,copied,

ordistributedwithout(hepriorconsentofthepublisher.

b.6

c.3

d.45

ANS:DPTS:1TOP:DescriptiveStatistics

NAR:Exhibit1-4

82.RefertoExhibit1-4.Howmanyvariablesareinthisdataset?

a.3

b.4

c.5

d.6

ANS:DPTS:1TOP:DescriptiveStatistics

NAR:Exhibit1-4

83.RefertoExhibit4-1.Howmanyobservationsareinthisdataset?

a.5

b.6

c.3

d.45

ANS:DPTS:1TOP:DescriptiveStatistics

NAR:Exhibit1-4

PROBLEM

1.Aftergraduationceremoniesatauniversity,sixgraduateswereaskedwhethertheywereinfavorof

(identifiedby1)oragainst(identifiedby0)abortion.Someinformationaboutthesegraduatesisshown

below.

GraduateSexAgeAbortionIssueClassRank

MarissaF2411

JasonM2212

WendyF4103

EdwardM38020

Jennif