考研長(zhǎng)難句閱讀能力提高part1

長(zhǎng)難句閱讀能力提高課程

——考研篇新浪微博：@管衛(wèi)東GWD管衛(wèi)東微信：guanweidong_1970管衛(wèi)東簡(jiǎn)介：第一代新東方名師應(yīng)試類培訓(xùn)專家新東方高級(jí)學(xué)術(shù)顧問(wèn)第一部分：精選句子練習(xí)Thismovement,drivenbypowerfulanddiversemotivations,builtanationoutofawildernessand,byitsnature,shapedthecharacteranddestinyofanunchartedcontinent.

（2015，

卷I）TheUnitedStatesistheproductoftwoprincipalforces-theimmigrationofEuropeanpeopleswiththeirvariedideas,customs,andnationalcharacteristicsandtheimpactofanewcountrywhichmodifiedthesetraits.

（2015，卷I）But,theforceofgeographicconditionspeculiartoAmerica,theinterplayofthevariednationalgroupsupononeanother,andthesheerdifficultyofmaintainingold-worldwaysinaraw,newcontinentcausedsignificantchanges.

（2015，卷I）ThefirstshiploadsofimmigrantsboundfortheterritorywhichisnowtheUnitedStatescrossedtheAtlanticmorethanahundredyearsafterthe15th-and16th-centuryexplorationsofNorthAmerica.

（2015，卷I）Thevirginforestwithitsrichnessandvarietyoftreeswasaveritablerealtreasure-housewhichextendedfromMaineallthewaydowntoGeorgia.

（2015，卷I）Whicheveritis,youknoweverytwistandturnlikethebackofyourhand.

（2015，卷II）Itisalsothereasonwhywhenwetrytodescribemusicwithwords,allwecandoisarticulateourreactionstoit,andnotgraspmusicitself.

（2014，卷I）Byallaccountshewasafreethinkingperson,andacourageousone,andIfindcourageanessentialqualityfortheunderstanding,letalonetheperformance,ofhisworks.

（2014，卷I）Beethoven’shabitofincreasingthevolumewithanintensecrescendoandthenabruptlyfollowingitwithasuddensoftpassagewasonlyrarelyusedbycomposersbeforehim.

（2014，卷I）Especiallysignificantwashisviewoffreedom,which,forhim,wasassociatedwiththerightsandresponsibilitiesoftheindividual:headvocatedfreedomofthoughtandofpersonalexpression.

（2014，卷I）OnecouldinterpretmuchoftheworkofBeethovenbysayingthatsufferingisinevitable,butthecouragetofightitrenderslifeworthliving.

（2014，卷I）Mostpeoplewoulddefineoptimismasendlesslyhappy,withaglassthat’sperpetuallyhalffall.Butthat’sexactlythekindoffalsedeerfulnessthatpositivepsychologistswouldn’tmend.

（2014，卷II）Whenhefeelsdown-sag,aftergivingabadlecture,hegrantshimselfpermissiontobehuman.

(2014，卷II）Heanalyzestheweaklecture,leaninglessonsforthefutureaboutwhatworksandwhatdoesn’t.(2014，卷II）Heanalyzestheweaklecture,leaninglessons,forthefutureaboutwhatworksandwhatdoesn’t.

（2014，

卷II）Finally,thereisperspective,whichinvolvesacknowledgingthatinthegroundschemeoflife,onelecturereallydoesn’tmatter.

（2014，卷II）Thereisnodoubtthatgardensevidenceanimpossibleurgetocreate,express,fashion,andbeautifyandthatself-expressionisabasichumanurge;yetwhenonelooksatthephotographsofthegardenscreatedbythehomeless,itstrikesonethat,foralltheirdiversityofstyles,thesegardensspeakofvariousotherfundamentalurges,beyondthatofdecorationandcreativeexpression.

（2013，卷I）Asacredplaceofpeace,howevercrudeitmaybe,isadistinctlyhumanneed,asopposedtoshelter,whichisadistinctlyanimalneed.

（2013，卷I）Thegardensofthehomelesswhichareineffecthomelessgardensintroduceformintoanurbanenvironmentwhereiteitherdidn’texistorwasnotdiscernibleassuch.

（2013，卷I）Whenwearedeprivedofgreen,ofplants,oftrees,mostofusgiveintoademoralizationofspiritwhichweusuallyblameonsomepsychologicalconditions,untilonedaywefindourselvesingardenandfeeltheoppressionvanishasifbymagic.

（2013，卷I）Itisthisimplicitorexplicitreferencetonaturethatfullyjustifiestheuseofwordgarden,thoughina“l(fā)iberated”sense,to

describethesesyntheticconstructions.

（2013，卷I）Ineverfeeloverwhelmedwiththeamountofinformationmybrainabsorbs.

（2013，卷II）Mymindseemstobeabletocopeandtheinformationisstoredawayneatly.

（2013，

卷II）IalsorememberthatthemusicalHairopenedonBroadwayonthesameday–theybothjustpopintomymindinthesameway.

（2013，卷II）Inphysics,oneapproachtakesthisimpulseforunificationtoitsextreme,andseeksatheoryofeverything—asinglegenerativeequationforallwesee.

（2012，卷I）Here,Darwinismseemstoofferjustificationforitallhumanssharecommonoriginsitseemsreasonabletosupposethatculturaldiversitycouldalsobetracedtomoreconstrainedbeginnings.

（2012，卷I）Tofilteroutwhatisuniquefromwhatissharedmightenableustounderstandhowcomplexculturalbehavioraroseandwhatguidesitinevolutionaryorcognitiveterms.

（2012，卷I）Thesecond,byJoshuaGreenberg,takesamoreempiricalapproachtouniversalityidentifyingtraits(particularlyinwordorder)sharedbymanylanguagewhichareconsideredtorepresentbiasesthatresultfromcognitiveconstraints.

（2012，卷I）Chomsky’sgrammarshouldshowpatternsoflanguagechangethatareindependentofthefamilytreeorthepathwaytrackedthroughit.WhereasGreenbergianuniversalitypredictsstrongco-dependenciesbetweenparticulartypesofword-orderrelations.

（2012，卷I）ThesearethekindofworkersthatcountrieslikeBritain,CanadaandAustraliatrytoattractbyusingimmigrationrulesthatprivilegecollegegraduates.

（2012，卷II）Allen'scontributionwastotakeanassumptionweallshare-thatbecausewearenotrobotswethereforecontrolourthoughts-andrevealitserroneousnature.

（2011，卷I）However,Allenbelievedthattheunconsciousmindgeneratesasmuchactionastheconsciousmind,andwhilewemaybeabletosustaintheillusionofcontrolthroughtheconsciousmindalone,inrealitywearecontinuallyfacedwithaquestion:"WhycannotImakemyselfdothisorachievethat?"

（2011，卷I）Thisseemsajustificationforneglectofthoseinneed,andarationalizationofexploitation,ofthesuperiorityofthoseatthetopandtheinferiorityofthoseatthebottom.

（2011，卷I）Infact,circumstancesseemtobedesignedtobringoutthebestinus,andifwefeelthatwehavebeen"wronged"thenweareunlikelytobeginaconsciousefforttoescapefromoursituation.

（2011，卷I）Theupsideisthepossibilitiescontainedinknowingthateverythingisuptous;wherebeforewewereexpertsinthearrayoflimitations,nowweeauthoritiesofwhatispossible.

（2011，卷I）Scientistsjumpedtotherescuewithsomedistinctlyshakyevidencetotheeffectthatinsectswouldeatusupifbirdsfailedtocontrolthem.

（2010，卷I）Wehavenolandethicyet,butwehaveatleastdrawnnearerthepointofadmittingthatbirdsshouldcontinueasamatterofintrinsicright,regardlessofthepresenceorabsenceofeconomicadvantagetous.

（2010，卷I）Timewaswhenbiologistssomewhatoverworkedtheevidencethatthesecreaturespreservethehealthofgamebykillingthephysicallyweak,orthattheypreyonlyon"worthless"species.

（2010，卷I）Timewaswhenbiologistssomewhatoverworkedtheevidencethatthesecreaturespreservethehealthofgamebykillingthephysicallyweak,orthattheypreyonlyon"worthless"species.

（2010，卷I）Ittendstoignore,andthuseventuallytoeliminate,manyelementsinthelandcommunitythatlackcommercialvalue,butthatareessentialtoitshealthyfunctioning.

（2010，卷I）Itmaybesaidthatthemeasureoftheworthofanysocialinstitutionisitseffectinenlargingandimprovingexperience;butthiseffectisnotapartofitsoriginalmotive.

（2009，卷I）Onlygraduallywastheby-productoftheinstitutionnoted,andonlymoregraduallystillwasthiseffectconsideredasadirectivefactorintheconductoftheinstitution.

（2009，卷I）Whileitiseasytoignoreinourcontactwiththemtheeffectofouractsupontheirdisposition,itisnotsoeasyasindealingwithadults.

（2009，卷I）Sinceourchiefbusinesswiththemistoenablethemtoshareinacommonlifewecannothelpconsideringwhetherornotweareformingthepowerswhichwillsecurethisability.

（2009，卷I）

Wearethusledtodistinguish,withinthebroadeducationalprocesswhichwehavebeensofarconsidering,amoreformalkindofeducation—thatofdirecttuitionorschooling.

（2009，卷I）

Hepointsoutthathealwaysexperiencedmuchdifficultyinexpressinghimselfclearlyandconcisely,buthebelievesthatthisverydifficultymayhavehadthecompensatingadvantageofforcinghimtothinklongandintentlyabouteverysentence,andthusenablinghimtodetecterrorsinreasoningandinhisownobservations.

（2008）Heasserted,also,thathispowertofollowalongandpurelyabstracttrainofthoughtwasverylimited,forwhichreasonhefeltcertainthathenevercouldhavesucceededwithmathematics.

（2008）Ontheotherhand,hedidnotacceptas.wellfoundedthechargemadebysomeofhiscriticsthat,whilehewasagoodobserver,hehadnopowerofreasoning.

（2008）Headdshumblythatperhapshewas"superiortothecommonrunofmeninnoticingthingswhicheasilyescapequestion,andinobservingthemcarefully."

（2008）Darwinwasconvincedthatthe.lossofthesetasteswasnotonlyalossofhappiness,butmightpossiblybeinjurioustotheintellect,andmoreprobablytothemoralcharacter.

（2008）凡說(shuō)英語(yǔ)，必說(shuō)全句，不可僅限于yes,no等字。初時(shí)或覺(jué)其難，日后必有進(jìn)步。———林語(yǔ)堂新浪微博：@管衛(wèi)東GWD管衛(wèi)東微信：guanweidong_1970Traditionallylegallearninghasbeenviewedinsuchinstitutionsthespecialpreserveoflawyers,ratherthananecessarypartoftheintellectualequipmentofaneducatedperson.

（2007）Ontheother,itlinkstheseconceptstoeverydayrealitiesinamannerwhichisparalleltothelinksjournalistsforgeonadailybasisastheycoverandcommentonthenews.

（2007）

Buttheideathatthejournalistmustunderstandthelawmoreprofoundlythananordinarycitizenrestsonanunderstandingoftheestablishedconventionsandspecialresponsibilitiesofthenewsmedia.

（2007）

Infact,itisdifficulttoseehowjournalistswhodonothaveacleargraspofthebasicfeaturesoftheCanadianConstitutioncandoacompetentjobonpoliticalstories.

（2007）Whilecommentandreactionfromlawyersmayenhancestories,itispreferableforjournaliststorelyontheirownnotionsofsignificanceandmaketheirownjudgments.

（2007）IshalldefinehimasanindividualwhohaselectedashisprimarydutyandpleasureinlifetheactivityofthinkinginaSocraticwayaboutmoralproblems.

（2006）Hisfunctionisanalogoustothatofajudge,whomustaccepttheobligationofrevealinginasobviousamanneraspossiblethecourseofreasoningwhichledhimtohisdecision.

（2006）

Ihaveexcludedhimbecause,whilehisplishmentsmaycontributetothesolutionofmoralproblems,hehasnotbeenchargedwiththetaskofapproachinganybutthefactualaspectsofthoseproblems.

（2006）Buthisprimarytaskisnottothinkaboutthemoralcodewhichgovernshisactivity,anymorethanabusinessmanisexpectedtodedicatehisenergiestoanexplorationofrulesofconductinbusiness.

（2006）Theymayteachverywell,andmorethanearntheirsalaries,butmostofthemmakelittleornoindependentreflectionsonhumanproblemswhichinvolvemoraljudgment.

（2006）Televisionisoneofthemeansbywhichthesefeelingsarecreatedandconveyed-andperhapsneverbeforehasitservedtomuchtoconnectdifferentpeoplesandnationsasistherecenteventsinEurope.

（2005）InEurope,aselsewheremulti-mediagroupshavebeenincreasinglysuccessfulgroupswhichbringtogethertelevision,radionewspapers,magazinesandpublishinghousesthatworkinrelationtooneanother.

（2005）ThisalonedemonstratesthatthetelevisionbusinessisnotaneasyworldtosurviveinafactunderlinedbystatisticsthatshowthatoutofeightyEuropeantelevisionnetworksnolessthan50%tookalossin1989.

（2005）Creatinga“Europeanidentity”thatrespectsthedifferentculturesandtraditionswhichgotomakeuptheconnectingfabricoftheOldcontinentisnoeasytaskanddemandsastrategicchoice-thatofproducingprogramsinEuropeforEurope.

（2005）Indealingwithachallengeonsuchascale,itisnoexaggerationtosay“Unitywestand,dividedwefall”-andifIhadtochooseasloganitwouldbe“Unityinourdiversity.”Aunityofobjectivesthatnonethelessrespectthevariedpeculiaritiesofeachcountry.

（2005）TheGreeksassumedthatthestructureoflanguagehadsomeconnectionwiththeprocessofthought,whichtookrootinEuropelongbeforepeoplerealizedhowdiverselanguagescouldbe.

（2004）Weareobligedtothembecausesomeoftheselanguageshavesincevanished,asthepeopleswhospokethemdiedoutorbecameassimilatedandlosttheirnativelanguages.

（2004）ThenewlydescribedlanguageswereoftensostrikinglydifferentfromthewellstudiedlanguagesofEuropeandSoutheastAsiathatsomescholarsevenaccusedBoasandSapiroffabricatingtheirdataNativeAmericanlanguagesareindeeddifferent,somuchsoinfactthatNavajocouldbeusedbytheUSmilitaryasacodeduringWorldWarIItosendsecretmessages.

（2004）Beinginterestedintherelationshipoflanguageandthought,Whorfdevelopedtheideathatthestructureoflanguagedeterminesthestructureofhabitualthoughtinasociety.

（2004）Whorfcametobelieveinasortoflinguisticdeterminismwhich,initsstrongestform,statesthatlanguageimprisonsthemind,andthatthegrammaticalpatternsinalanguagecanproducefar-reachingconsequencesforthecultureofasociety.

（2004）Whenpublicopinionisparticularlypolarised,asitwasfollowingtheendoftheFrancoregime,monarchscanriseabove“mere”politicsand“embody”aspiritofnationalunity.Itisthisapparenttranscendenceofpoliticsthatexplainsmonarchs’continuingpopularitypolarized.Symbolicofnationalunityastheyclaimtobe,theirveryhistory—andsometimesthewaytheybehavetoday–embodiesoutdatedandindefensibleprivilegesandinequalities.AtatimewhenThomasPikettyandothereconomistsarewarningofrisinginequalityandtheincreasingpowerofinheritedwealth,itisbizarrethatwealthyaristocraticfamiliesshouldstillbethesymbolicheartofmoderndemocraticstates.ItisonlytheQueenwhohaspreservedthemonarchy’sreputationwithherratherordinary(ifwell-heeled)grannystyle.Californiahasaskedthejusticestorefrainfromasweepingruling,particularlyonethatupsetstheoldassumptionsthatauthoritiesmaysearchthroughthepossessionsofsuspectsatthetimeoftheirarrest.TheyshouldstartbydiscardingCalifornia’slameargumentthatexploringthecontentsofasmartphone-avaststorehouseofdigitalinformationissimilartosay,goingthroughasuspect’spurse.Thecreationofthe“statisticsboard”wasmotivatedbyconcernsbroadlywiththeapplicationofstatisticsanddataanalysisinscientificresearchandispartofScience’soveralldrivetoincreasereproducibilityintheresearchwepublish.

It’sus,humanbeings,wethepeoplewhocreatethesocietywewant,notprofit.

ThissameabsenceofmoralpurposewaswoundingcompaniessuchasNewsInternational,shieldthought,makingitmorelikelythatitwouldloseitswayasithadwithwidespreadillegaltelephonehacking.

Asthehackingtrialconcludes–findingguiltyones-editoroftheNewsoftheWorld,AndyCoulson,forconspiringtohackphones,andfindinghispredecessor,RebekahBrooks,innocentofthesamecharge–thewinderissueofdearthofintegritystillstandstill,Journalistsareknowntohavehackedthephonesofupto5,500people.

Inmanyrespects,thedearthofmoralpurposeframesnotonlythefactofsuchwidespreadphonehackingbutthetermsonwhichthetrialtookplace.

Onlyifthejoblessarriveatthejob

centrewithaCV,registerforonlinejobsearch,andstartlookingforworkwilltheybeeligibleforbenefitandthentheyshouldreportweeklyratherthanfortnightly.

Onfirsthearing,thiswasthesociallyconcernedchancellor,tryingtochangelivesforthebetter,completewith“reforms”toanobviouslyindulgentsystemthatdemandstoolittleeffortfromthenewlyunemployedtofindwork,andsubsidiseslaziness.

Many,liketheFundamentalPhysicsPrize,arefundedfromthetelephone-number-sizedbankaccountsofInternetentrepreneurs.

AsNaturehaspointedoutbefore,therearesomelegitimateconcernsabouthowscienceprizes—bothnewandold—aredistributed.

ButtheNobelFoundation’slimitofthreerecipientsperprize,eachofwhommuststillbeliving,haslongbeenoutgrownbythecollaborativenatureofmodernresearch—aswillbedemonstratedbytheinevitablerowoverwhoisignoredwhenitcomestoacknowledgingthediscoveryoftheHiggsboson.

Asmuchassomescientistsmaycomplainaboutthenewawards,twothingsseemclear.

Toencourageinnovationandcompetition,thereportcallsforincreasedinvestmentinresearch,thecraftingofcoherentcurriculathatimprovestudents’abilitytosolveproblemsandcommunicateeffectivelyinthe21stcentury,increasedfundingforteachersandtheencouragementofscholarstobringtheirlearningtobearonthegreatchallengesoftheday.

Sadly,thespiritofinquiryonceathomeoncampushasbeenreplacedbytheuseofthehumanitiesandsocialsciencesasvehiclesforpublicizing“progressive,”orleft-liberalpropaganda.

Today,professorsroutinelytreattheprogressiveinterpretationofhistoryandprogressivepublicpolicyasthepropersubjectofstudywhileportrayingconservativeorclassicalliberalideas—suchasfreemarketsandself-reliance—asfallingoutsidetheboundariesofroutine,andsometimeslegitimate,intellectualinvestigation.Ratherthathavepeoplesim