寧夏2021屆高三年級上冊第三次月考（期末）英語試題

高三年級第一學(xué)期第三次月考考試

英語

（滿分：150分時間：120分鐘）

注意事項：

1.本試卷分第I卷（選擇題）和第n卷（非選擇題）兩部分。答題前，考生務(wù)必

將自己的姓名、考生號填寫在答題卡上。

2.回答第I卷時，選出每小題的答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號

涂黑，如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號。寫在試卷上無效。

3.回答第n卷時，將答案填寫在答題卡上，寫在試卷上無效。

4.考試結(jié)束，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。

第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

注意：聽力部分答題時請先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上，聽力部分結(jié)束前你將有兩分鐘

的時間將答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。

第一節(jié)（共5小題；每題1.5分，滿分7.5分）

聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中

選出最佳選項，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時

間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。

1.Whenwilltheconcertstart?

A.At8:00.B.At7:30.C.At7:00.

2.Whatlanguagedoesthewomanwanttolearn?

A.English.B.Japanese.C.French.

3Wheredidthemangrowup?

A.InEngland.B.InCanada.C.InGermany.

4.HowdoesJohnlook?

A.Excited.B.Satisfied.C.Worried.

5.Whatarethespeakersgoingtodo?

A.WatchTV.B.Readnewsp叩ers.C.Gotothecinema.

第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）

聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、

C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你

將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時

間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。

聽第6段材料，回答第6至7題。

6.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?

A.Doingvolunteerwork.B.Cleaninguptheparks.C.Helpingoldpeople.

7.Howmuchtimedoesthewomanspendonit?

A.Twodaysaweek.B.Fivedaysamonth.C.Fivehoursaweek.

聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。

8.Whatwasthemandoingwhentheaccidenthappened?

A.Drivinghome.B.Drivingtowork.C.Drivingtoashop.

9Whoshouldberesponsiblefortheaccident?

A.Mr.Atkins.B.Thedriverofthebluecar.C.ThedriverofthewhiteFord.

10.Whatdoesthewomandomostprobably?

A.Ateacher.B.Alawyer.C.Adriver.

聽第8段材料，回答第n至13題。

11.Whathappenedtothemanlastnight?

A.Hedidn'tsleepwell.B.Hestayedupworking.C.Hecomplainedtohisneighbors.

12.Whatweretheneighborsdoing?

A.WatchingTV.B.Havingaparty.C.Singinganddancing.

13.Whatwillthespeakersdointheafternoon?

A.Beawayonbusiness.B.Takeashortsleep.C.Haveameeting.

聽第9段材料，回答第14至16題。

14.Whendidthemanbuildthefirstcomputer?

A.Whenhewasinjuniorhighschool.

B.Whenhewasinseniorhighschool.

C.Whenhewasattheuniversity.

15.Wheredoesthemanwork?

A.Inaschool.B.Inacompany.C.Inastore.

16.Whatistheman'sattitudetotechnology?

A.Negative.B.Critical.C.Positive.

聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。

17.Howlongwasthebabyelephanttrappedinthewell?

A.For8hours.B.For9hours.C.For11hours.

18.Whatdidthevillagersdowhentheyfirstarrivedatthespot?

A.Stoodwatching.

B.Removedsomeofthesoil.

C.Gavesomebananastothemotherelephant.

19.Whogotthebabyelephantoutofthewell?

A.Themotherelephant.B.Thevillagers.C.Thebabyelephantitself.

20.Whatisthespeakertalkingabout?

A.Whypeopleshouldprotectelephants.

B.Howthevillagershelpedsaveababyelephant.

C.Whatpeopleshoulddotoprotectanimals.

第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳答案。

A

Mostpeopleagreethateatinghealthyfoodisimportant.Butsometimesmakinggoodfood

choicescanbedifficult.Now,thereareappsthatcanhelppeoplelearnaboutthefoodtheyeatto

improvetheirhealthandtheirdiningoutexperience.

OpenTableapp

OpenTableapphelpspeoplechooserestaurantswhentheywanttogoouttoeat.Itisafree

servicethatshowsusersrestaurantavailablebasedonwhereandwhentheywanttodine.Itgives

userspointswhentheymakereservations（預(yù)定）,whichcanadduptodiscountsonrestaurantvisits.

MaxMcCalman'sCheese&WinePairingapp

Wineandcheesecanbeagreatcombination.Butwhichwinesgobestwithwhichcheeses?

MaxMcCalman'sCheese&WinePairingappcanhelp.Itprovidesinformationabouthundredsof

differentcheesesandsuggestswinestopairwitheach.MaxMcCalman'sCheese&.WinePairing

appisfree.

HappyCowapp

Vegetariansdonoteatanimalmeat.Vegansdonoteatanyanimalproducts.TheHappyCow

appismadeforbothgroups.Userscansearchforvegetarian-veganrestaurantsandstoresaround

theworld.

LocalEatsapp

Restaurantchains,likeMcDonalds,canbefoundalmostanywhereapersonmighttravel.But

sometimestravelerswanttoeatlikelocals.TheLocalEatsappisdesignedforthat.Itcanhelpyou

findlocalrestaurantsinmajorcitiesintheUSandinothercountries.Itcostsaboutadollar.

WhereChefsEatapp

“WhereChefsEat”isa975pagebook.Mostpeoplewouldnotwanttocarrythataround.But

thereisamuchlighterappversionofthesamenameforjust$15.Sixhundredchefsprovide

informationon3,000restaurantsaroundtheworldontheWhereChefsEatapp.

1.Whatdothefirsttwoappshaveincommon?

A.Theyarebothfreeofcharge.B.Discountsareprovidedonboth.

C.Bestwinescanbereservedonboth.D.Theytellyouwheretofindthebest

restaurant.

2.WhoisHappyCowappprobablydesignedfor?

A.Peoplewholovedrinkingwine.B.Peoplewhodon'tteatmeatoranimal

products.

C.Peoplewhoenjoymeatverymuch.D.Peoplewhoofteneatinrestaurant.

3.Wherecanwemostlikelyseethetext?

A.Onatourismguide.B.Inastudents*textbook.

C.Inacellphoneapplicationintroduction.D.OnascientificdiscoveryTV

program.

【答案】LA2.B3.C

【解析】

這是一篇說明文。大多數(shù)人都想吃的健康，但是有時候選擇好食物很難，而本文就給讀者介

紹了五個幫助他們了解健康飲食的應(yīng)用軟件。

【1題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)OpenTableapp部分中“Itisafreeservicethatshowsusersrestaurantavailable

basedonwhereandwhentheywanttodine.（這是一項免費(fèi)服務(wù)，根據(jù)用戶想要用餐的地點和

時間向用戶顯示餐廳）”以及MaxMcCalman'sCheese&WinePairingapp部分中“Max

McCalman'sCheese&WinePairingappisfree.（MaxMcCalman'sCheese&WinePairing應(yīng)用程序

是免費(fèi)的）”可知前兩個應(yīng)用程序的共同點是他們都是免費(fèi)的。故選A。

【2題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)HappyCowapp部分中“Vegetariansdonoteatanimalmeat.Vegansdonoteat

anyanimalproducts.TheHappyCowappismadeforbothgroups＜素食者不吃肉。嚴(yán)格素食者不

吃任何動物產(chǎn)品。而快樂奶牛應(yīng)用軟件就是為這兩個群體制作的）”可知，HappyCow軟件

是為不吃肉或動物產(chǎn)品的人設(shè)計的。故選B。

【3題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Now,thereareappsthatcanhelppeoplelearnaboutthefoodthey

eattoimprovetheirhealthandtheirdiningoutexperience.（現(xiàn)在，有一些應(yīng)用程序可以幫助人

們了解他們吃的食物，從而改善他們的健康和外出就餐的體驗）”結(jié)合文章主要介紹了五個

手機(jī)應(yīng)用軟件，故最有可能在手機(jī)應(yīng)用介紹看到本文。故選C。

B

Morris,awell-knownEnglishviolinist,hadbeenexhaustedfromadayofrecordingatAbbey

RoadStudioswhenheexitedtheSoutheasternRailwayfromLondonlatelastmonth.Hewasso

tiredthathedidn'tevenrealizethathehadlefthisbelovedviolinonthetrainuntilthefollowing

morning.

TheviolinisoneofthefewsurvivinginstrumentsmadebyRomancraftsmanDavidTecchler

in1709.Notonlyistheviolinworth$320,000,butMorrishasalsobeenplayingtheinstrumentfor

15years.

Feelingpanic,MorriscontactedtheBritishTransportPolicetoseeifithadbeenreturned;

unfortunately,officerscheckedthefootage（錄像）andsawthattheviolinhadbeenpickedupby

anothertrainpassenger.Morristhencreatedsocialmediaaccountstobegforthereturnofhis

instrument.Thefootagewasshowninthenews,andthepersonresponsiblefortakingtheviolinwas

treatedasasuspect.

Severaldayslater,Morrisreceivedaphonecallfromsomeonewhorecognizedthemanonthe

train.Morriswasthenputincontactwiththemanwhotooktheviolin-andhehadapparentlybeen

veryeagertoreturntheinstrument.Afterpromisingthemanthathewouldn'tbearrested,Morris

methiminaparkinglotsohecouldreunitewithhisbelovedinstrument.

Themanapologizedsincerely,sayinghewantedtohandittoMorrisinperson.Morrisfound

theinstrumentandthecontentsofitscasewerestillinconsummatecondition.Tohissurprise,it

wasevenstillinlune（音調(diào)準(zhǔn)確）.Morriswasexcitedanddeeplygratefulforitsreturn.

"I'mstillgettingovertheshockofitscomingback,“Morrisadmittedinaninterview

afterwards.ThenheplayedabreathtakingpieceofmusicAmazingGraceonhis31O-year-oldviolin

infrontofthereporters.

4.Whatcanwelearnaboutthelostviolin?

A.It'svaluableandimportant.B.It'sagiftfromDavidTecchler.

C.It'stheonlyviolinMorrisowns.D.It'stheoldestviolinintheworld.

5WhatdidMorrisdofirstafterhefoundhisviolinmissing?

A.Hespoketoreportersaboutit.B.Heturnedtothepoliceforhelp.

C.Hedescribedhissituationonline.D.Hereturnedtothetraintolookforit.

6.Whatdoweknowaboutthemanwhotooktheviolinaway?

A.Heknewtheviolinwasunique.B.HegotintouchwithMorrisdirectly.

C.Hewasunwillingtoreturntheviolin.D.Hefeltafraidtobepunishedforhis

act.

7.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“consummate“inParagraph5probablymean?

A.Unusual.B.Poor.C.Perfect.D.General.

【答案】4.A5.B6.D7.C

【解析】

這是一篇記敘文。主要介紹了英國著名的小提琴家Morris不小心將他演奏了15年的珍貴小

提琴弄丟，而后通過各種途徑將其尋回。對此他很興奮，對它的歸來深表感激，于是給人們

演奏了一首令人驚嘆的曲子。

【4題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第二段“TheviolinisoneofthefewsurvivinginstrumentsmadebyRoman

craftsmanDavidTecchlerin1709.Notonlyistheviolinworth$320,000,butMorrishasalsobeen

playingtheinstrumentfor15years."（小提琴是羅馬工匠DavidTecchler1709年制造的，為

數(shù)不多的現(xiàn)存樂器之一。這把小提琴不僅價值32萬美元，而且Morris已經(jīng)用它演奏了15

年）可知，這把丟失的小提琴很珍貴并且對于Morris來說很重要。故選A項。

【5題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第三段“Feelingpanic,MorriscontactedtheBritishTransportPolicetoseeif

ithadbeenreturned（Morris感到很恐慌，他聯(lián)系了英國交通警察，看看是否已經(jīng)歸還）”可

知，第二天早上Morris發(fā)現(xiàn)小提琴不見后，首先是向警察求助。故選B項。

【6題詳解】

推理判斷題。由文章第四段“Morriswasthenputincontactwiththemanwhotookthe

violin—andhehadapparentlybeenveryeagertoreturntheinstrument.Afterpromisingtheman

thathewouldn'tbearrested,Morrismethiminaparkinglotsohecouldreunitewithhisbeloved

instrument.（Morris隨后與拿走小提琴的人取得了聯(lián)系，他顯然非?？释軌驓w還這件樂器。

在向那個男人保證他不會被逮捕之后Morris在停車場約見了他，這樣他就可以和他心愛的

樂器團(tuán)聚了）”可知，那個拿走小提琴的人是在Moms向他明確保證他不會被逮捕之后才

與Morris見面歸還小提琴的，由此可推斷這個人應(yīng)是很怕被逮捕，被受到懲罰的。故選D

項。

【7題詳解】

詞句猜測題。由文章第五段下劃線單詞下文“Tohissurprise,itwasevenstillinlune（音調(diào)準(zhǔn)確）.

Morriswasexcitedanddeeplygratefulforitsreturn.（令他驚訝的是，它甚至還是音調(diào)準(zhǔn)確的。

Morris對它的回歸感到興奮和深深的感激）”可知，這個丟失的小提琴音調(diào)還準(zhǔn)確，應(yīng)是完

好無損的。再結(jié)合下劃線單詞所在句“Morrisfoundtheinstrumentandthecontentsofitscase

werestillinconsummatecondition.（Morris發(fā)現(xiàn)這個工具和箱子里的東西仍然是的）”，

下劃線單詞應(yīng)是“完好的、完美的”意思。故選C項。

C

Waterkeepsusalive.Whenitrunsout,wehaveaproblem.

Aboutoneoutoffourpeopleontheplanetarefacingashortageofwater.Seventeencountries

aroundtheworldaredealingwithhigh-waterstress.Thismeanstheyareusingalmostallthewater

theyhaveaccessto.Manyaredrycountries.Somewastemuchoftheirwater.Somemaycurrently

usetoomuchoftheirgroundwaterthattheyshouldbesaving.Severalbigcitiesfaceacuteshortages.

TheseincludeSaoPaulo,Brazil;Chennai,India;andCapeTown,SouthAfrica.Ayearago,Cape

TownfacednayZero-thedaywhenallitsdamswouldhedry.

Climatechangeaddstotheriskofwatershortages.Rainfallislesssteady.Thewatersupply

becomeslessreliable.Thedaysgrowhotter.Morewaterevaporates（蒸發(fā)）fromlakesandrivers

evenasdemandforwaterincreases.By2030,thenumberofcitiesinthehigh-stresscategorymay

haverisento45andincludealmost470millionpeople.

Allovertheworld,farmerscompetewithcityresidentsforwater.Richurbanplaces,suchas

LosAngeles,usetoomuchwaterforpoolsandgolfcourses.Buttheworstproblemisthegrowthof

cities.Bangalore,India,forexample,hadafewyearswithlittlerain.Itbuiltoveritsmanylakesor

filledthemwithcitywaste.Thelakesarenolongertherainwaterstoragetankstheyoncewere.

Bangalorenowimportswater.Alotoftheimportedwater,however,getslostonthewayto

Bangalore.

Toaddressthisissue,whatcanbedone?First,citiescanplugleaksintheirwaterdistribution

system.Wastewatercanberecycled.Raincanbeharvestedandsavedforhardtimes.Lakesand

wetlandscanbecleanedupandoldwellscanberestored.Andfarmerscanswitchfrom

water-intensivecropslikericetoless-thirstycropslike米）.

Expertsarelookingatwaystoreducethenumberofpeopleontheplanet.Theyarelookingat

waystoreducethesizeofcities.Theyarelookingforwaystoencouragepeoplefactoriesand

farmerstouselesswater.

8.WhatcanweknowfromParagraph2?

A.Aquarteroftheworld'spopulationislivingwithwatershortages.

B.Nearlyallcountriesarefacingacutewatershortagesnow.

C.Undergroundwatershouldheusedtomeetthewaterdemand.

D.MeasureshavebeentakentodealwiththewatershortageinIndia.

9.Whatisthemainideaofthethirdparagraph?

A.Rainfallisnotassteadyasbefore.B.Climatechangemayleadtowater

shortages.

C.Thewatersupplyreliesmoreonrainfall.D.Hotterweatherchangesthewater

demand.

10.Whatcanfarmersdotodealwithwatershortage?

A.Plugleaksinthewaterdistributionsystem.B.Cleanuplakesandwetlandsand

restorewells.

C.Reducethenumberofpeopleinthecities.D.Growless-waterconsumptioncrops

instead.

11.Whatwillbediscussedifthepassagecontinues?

A.Howtopreventfromclimatechange.B.Howtoinspirepeopletosavewater.

C.Howtorecyclewastewaterincities.D.Howtomakepeoplegetaccessto

cleanwater.

【答案】8.A9.B10.D11.B

【解析】

本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了世界上的一些國家和地區(qū)嚴(yán)重缺水的原因、影響和可能的解

決辦法。

【8題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句Aboutoneoutoffourpeopleontheplanetarefacingashortage

ofwater.可知，世界，上四分之一的人生活在水資源短缺的環(huán)境中。由此可知，世界上四分

之一的人口生活在水資源短缺之中。故選A。

【9題詳解】

段落大意題。根據(jù)第三段Climatechangeaddstotheriskofwatershortages.Rainfallislesssteady.

Thewatersupplybecomeslessreliable.Thedaysgrowhotter.Morewaterevaporates（蒸發(fā)）from

lakesandriversevenasdemandforwaterincreases.By2030,thenumberofcitiesinIhehigh-stress

categorymayhaverisento45andincludealmost470millionpeople.可知氣候變化增力口/水資源

短缺的風(fēng)險。降雨量也不穩(wěn)定。供水變得不那么可靠了。天氣越來越熱。更多的水從湖泊和

河流蒸發(fā)，即使對水的需求增加。到2030年，處于高壓力狀態(tài)的城市數(shù)量可能會上升到45

個，包括近4.7億人口。由此可知，第三段主要內(nèi)容是氣候變化使得水資源短缺問題更加嚴(yán)

重?故選B。

【10題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段最后一句Andfarmerscanswitchfromwater-intensivecropslikericeto

less-thirstycropslikemillet（小米）.可知，農(nóng)民可以通過種植需水量較少的作物，來代替需水

量大的作物，以應(yīng)對水資源短缺問題。由此可知，農(nóng)民們能通過種植耗水量少的作物，來解

決水資源短缺的問題。故選D。

【11題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句Theyarelookingforwaystoencouragepeople,factories

andfarmerstouselesswater.可知他們正在尋找鼓勵人們、工廠和農(nóng)民減少用水的方法。由此

可推知，文章接下來會討論如何鼓勵人們節(jié)約水資源。故選B。

D

Peoplesaymoneydoesn'tbuyhappiness,buthowmuchmoneyyoumakecanaffecttheway

youexperienceit?

Whileifstruethatmoneycan'tbuyhappiness,havingmoneyhascertainbenefits.For

example,moneycanbuyyoutimetodothingsthatmakeyouhappier,andgivingawaysomeof

yourmoneycanmakeyouhappieraswell.NowscientistsfromtheUniversityofCaliforniaat

Irvinehavefoundthathowmuchmoneyyoumakemayimpact（影響）howyouexperience

happiness;higherearnersaremorelikelytoexperiencepositiveemotionsfocusedonthemselves,

whilelowerearnersaremorelikelytoexperiencepositiveemotionsfocusedonconnectingwith

otherpeople.

Scientistsuseddatafromanexistingsurveyof1,519U.S.adultsbetweentheagesof24to93,

toberepresentativeoftheentireU.S.population.Fromthesurvey,scientistcollectedthehousehold

incomeofeachpersonandanalyzedhoweachpersonexperiencedthesevenemotionsthatare

believedtocausehappiness:amusement,admiration,compassion,satisfaction,enthusiasm,love,

andpride.

Whattheyfoundwasthathigherearnerswereassociatedwiththehappiness-relatedemotions

ofsatisfaction,pride,andamusement,allofwhichareself-fbcusedinnature.Lowerearnerswere

associatedwithmoreother-oriented（他人指向）happiness-relatedemotions:compassion,love,and

admiration.Therewerenodifferencesobservedwithenthusiasm.

Astoreasonsforthedifference,theresearcherssupposethatwhileprideandsatisfactionmay

reflectupperclassindividuals,（個人）desireforindependence,increasedloveandcompassionmay

helplowerclassindividualsformmoreharmonious（和諧的）,interdependentbondstohelpdeal

withtheirmorethreateningenvironments.Inotherwords,theresearchersarenotsayingthatone

wayofgettinghappinessisbetterthananother,butratherthatthewayoneobtainshappinessmaybe

aproductofexistingandcopingwithinone'sparticularcircumstances.

12.Whatdohigherearnersprefertodo?

A.Longtoconnectwithothers.B.Spendmoremoneyonthepoor.

C.Buythingstomakethemhappier.D.Paymoreattentiontothemselves.

13.Whydidthescientistsstudythesevenemotions?

A.Theycanmakepeoplehappy.

B.Theycanbeboughtwithmoney.

C.Theyarethemostcommonfeelings.

D.Theyaretheresultsofandexistingsurvey.

14.Whichemotionsdidlower-incomepeoplehavebasedonthestudy?

A.Prideandsatisfaction.B.Enthusiasmandamusement.

C.Admirationandcompassion.D.Compassionandsatisfaction.

15.Whatcanbeinferredfrompeoplewithdifferentincomesaccordingtohispassage?

A.Theyallliveahardlife.

B.Theyhavedifferentwaystogethappiness.

C.Theyareallsatisfiedwiththeirlives.

D.Theirhappinesshasnothingtodowithmoney.

【答案】12.D13.A14.C15.B

【解析】

【分析】

本篇是一篇說明文，題材為社會生活類。文章研究的是金錢與幸福的關(guān)系。研究結(jié)果表明，

掙錢多的人和掙錢少的人獲得幸福情感的種類不同，掙錢多的人能獲得自豪和滿足；而掙錢

少的人則會獲得贊賞和同情的情感。

【12題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的最后一句…h(huán)igherearnersaremorelikelytoexperiencepositive

emotionsfocusedonthemselves...可知，掙錢多的人更有可能體驗到專注于自己的積極情緒，

也就是更關(guān)注自己，故選D。

【13題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的第二句…eachpersonexperiencedthesevenemotionsthatarebelieved

tocausehappiness可知，科學(xué)家研究這7種情感是因為它們與人們的幸福感有關(guān)。故選A。

【14題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的第二句Alowerincomewasassociatedwith...emotions;compassion,

love,andadmiration可知，根據(jù)這項研究，低收入人群的情緒有同情、愛和敬佩。故選C。

【15題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的第一句的內(nèi)容Astoreasonsforthedifference,theresearchers

supposethatwhileprideandsatisfactionmayreflectupperclassindividuals*（個人）desirefor

independence,increasedloveandcompassionmayhelplowerclassindividualsformmore

harmonious（和諧的）,interdependentbondstohelpdealwiththeirmorethreateningenvironments.

可知，不同收入的人有不同的方式獲得幸福。故選B。

【點睛】細(xì)節(jié)理解題就是我們常見的wh.題，它們大多是根據(jù)文章中的具體信息如事實、例

證、原因、過程、論述等進(jìn)行提問的。抓住文段中的事實和細(xì)節(jié)是做好該題型的關(guān)鍵，也是

做好其它類型問題的基礎(chǔ)。該題型幾乎都可以在文章中直接找到與答案有關(guān)的信息，或是其

變體。在一篇短文里大部分篇幅都屬于這類圍繞主體展開的細(xì)節(jié)。做這類題一般采用尋讀法，

即先讀題，然后帶著問題快速閱讀短文，找出與問題和選項有關(guān)的詞語或句子，再對相關(guān)部

分進(jìn)行分析對比，找出答案。

例如本題第1小題，Whatdohigherearnersprefertodo?為細(xì)節(jié)理解題。我們在原文中第二段

發(fā)現(xiàn)了本題題干中的定位詞“higherearners”，原文是這樣的u...higherearnersaremore

likelytoexperiencepositiveemotionsfocusedonthemselves...可知，掙錢多的人更喜歡關(guān)注自

己，以自我為中心。故選D。

再如第3小題，Whichemotionsdidlower-incomepeoplehavebasedonthestudy?為細(xì)節(jié)理解題0

我們在原文中第二段發(fā)現(xiàn)了本題題干中的定位詞“emotions”,ulower-incomepeoplev,

根據(jù)第四段的第二句Alowerincomewasassociatedwith...emotions;compassion,love,and

admiration可知，根據(jù)這項研究，低收入人群的情緒有同情、愛和敬佩。故選C。

第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩

項為多余選項。

Atsomepointwhenyouwereachild,atrustedadultlikelytoldyouthatifyouheldaseashell

uptoyourear,you'dheartheocean16Seashellsarenotspecialcapsulesthathavestoredthe

soundsoftheirnativehomes.

Butwhatexactlyisthatrushingsoundyou'rehearing?17"Thesoundofanempty

shellhelduptotheeariscreatedbyechoes（回聲）fromsoundsmadeintheenvironment.^GeeratJ.

Vermeil,adistinguishedprofessorofEarthandPlanetarySciencesattheUniversityof

California,toldus.

18Otherstructureswithopenings,likeemptybowlsorbottles,canproducesimilar

sounds.t4Whenthenoisearoundushitstheinternalsurfaceofthishardseashell,multiplereflection

occurs,,,saidVenneiL44Whetheryouholdaseashellorthemouthofanemptybowlaroundyourear,

youexperiencetheocean-likesoundqualityasaresultofaphenomenoncalled“resonance.”

19Itsaysthatyou'rehearingthesoundofyourownrushingbloodinyourbody.But

scientistsalsoclarifythatitdoesn'tchangewithvariationofpulseorbloodpressure.t4Allthisis

perhapsabitunimportant,butamoreinterestingquestioniswhatcontrolsthefrequenciesof

echoes"Vermeiladded,indicatingthatthere'saneedforfurtherresearchintoshape,volumeand

shellthicknessinrelationtopitch.20Actually,ifyouputashelltoyourearonthebeach,the

soundsyouhearwillincludepartlysomeoceannoises.

A.Thesamegoesforshells.

B.Theanswerislessmystical.

C.Thiseffectisnotlimitedtoshells.

D.Nowyouprobablyknowthatthisisnottrue.

E.Scientistsareworkinghardtofindtheanswer.

F.Maybetheoriginalmythisnotcompletelyfalse.

G.There'sanotherexplanationfortherushingsoundinaseashell.

【答案】16.D17.B18.C19.G20.F

【解析】

【分析】

這是一篇說明文0文章通過貝殼回聲介紹了一種回聲共振現(xiàn)象。

【16題詳解】

根據(jù)下文“Seashellsarenotspecialcapsulesthathavestoredthesoundsoftheirnativehomes."

（貝殼并不是用來儲存家鄉(xiāng)聲音的特殊容器。）可知，上文所說的u...ifyouheldaseashellup

toyourear,you'dheartheocean."（如果你把貝殼放在耳邊，你就能聽到海洋的聲音）很可

能不是真實的。選項D起承上啟下的作用。故選D項。

【17題詳解】

根據(jù)上文“Butwhatexactlyisthatrushingsoundyou'rehearing?n（但是你到底聽到/什么急

促的聲音？）的提問，以及后文的回答可知，這里選項B是對答案特點的描述。故選B項。

【18題詳解】

根據(jù)下文“Otherstructureswithopenings,likeemptybowlsorbottles,canproducesimilar

sounds."（其他有開口的結(jié)構(gòu)，如空碗或空瓶，也能發(fā)出類似的聲音。）以及上文對“貝殼回

音”的介紹可知，其他有開口的結(jié)構(gòu)和貝殼一樣也能發(fā)出類似的聲音。空格處用“Thiseffect

isnotlimitedtoshells.w（這種效應(yīng)不僅限于貝殼），合乎邏輯，語義通順。故選C項。

【19題詳解】

根據(jù)上文Vermeil教授所解釋的這是aphenomenoncalled"resonance.”（一種叫做共振的現(xiàn)象）

和下文“Itsaysthatyou'rehearingthesoundofyourownrushingbloodinyourbody.n（它說你

聽到的是你自己身體里奔騰的血液的聲音。）可知，兩種解釋并不一致，故本段開頭應(yīng)該是

“對于貝殼中的急促聲音還有另外一種解釋”。故選G項。

【20題詳解】

根據(jù)上文Vermeil教授對“貝殼回聲”的另一種解釋，和下文“Actually,ifyouputashelltoyour

earonthebeach,thesoundsyouhearwillincludepartlysomeoceannoises.,,（事實上,如果你

在海灘上把貝殼放在耳邊，你聽到的聲音中會有一部分是海洋的聲音。）可知，文章最后又

回到了開頭所說的“最初的神話傳說”。故選F項。

【點睛】七選五題型要求考生從整體上把握文章的邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)和內(nèi)容上的聯(lián)系,理解句子之間、

段落之間的關(guān)系，對諸如連貫性、一致性等語段特征有較強(qiáng)的意識和熟練的把握。所以懂得

整篇文章的基本結(jié)構(gòu)或段落的語篇結(jié)構(gòu)對解題很有用。如本文第1題中，把握文章的上下文

邏輯聯(lián)系，通過上文對“神話傳說”的介紹，以及下文對傳說科學(xué)的否定，可知選項D"Nowyou

probablyknowthatthisisnottrue.”（現(xiàn)在你很可能已知道這不是真的）是正確答案。

第三部分語言知識運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）

第一節(jié)（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入

空白處的最佳選項。

Afelwasonlyaverysmallboywhenhefirstsawsnowinapicturebook.Ithadlotsofpictures

ofchildren21inbigwhitefields.Heasked,“Mum,whatarethosewhitefields?"His

motherlaughed,"That'ssnow,andtheyaremakingasnowman!?,Shetriedto22what

snowwas.Afeldidn'treally23becausetherewasnorealsnowwherehelived.Buthe

showedgreat24.

Onedaywhenhewas12,AfelwaswatchingaprogrammeonTVathisuncle'shouse.The

programmewasfullofsnow.Andnotonlysnow—therewerepeople25acrossthesnow.

Theylookedlikefantasticbirds.Theyhadhatscoveringalltheirheadsandbiggogglesovertheir

eyes.Andontheirfeet,theyhad26shoes.

“Whatarethose?”heaskedhisuncle27.“Skis,“repliedhisuncle.t4Andthose

peoplearecalledskiers.^^Atthatmoment,he28tobeaskier.Heaskedhisunclewhatthe

programmewas."TheWinterOlympics,saidhisuncle."It'slikethenormalOlympics,butfbr

29whereyouneedsnow-skijumping,bobsleigh（長橇）,thosesortsofthings.They

30iteveryfouryears.^^

AfelfoundoutthatthenextWinterOlympicswouldbeinBeijing,in2022.“Perfect,“he

thought."Enough31fbrmetobecomeabrilliantskier.^^

“Butthere'snosnowhere!^^peopletoldhim."Whereareyougoingtoski?”Afel32

them.Hemadehimselfapairofskisfromtwopiecesofwood.Hetiedthemtohisfeetandpractised

skiing33twosticksinhishands.Hepractisedagainandagainuntilhecould

34quitequicklyacrossthesand.He35toflydownthehillslikethepeople

onTV,buthecouldn't.

“Nevermind,^^hethought."It'sa36…”

“HowwillyougototheOIympics?^^peopleaskedhim."Ourcountrydoesn't37

haveateamthatgoestotheWinterOlympics.Wehavegoodrunnersandwinlotsofmedalsatthe

Olympics.Butnoskiing,no,^^Afeldidn't38.

Soeverynight,outinthemiddleofthedesert,Afelnowpractisesskiingdownsandhills.He

39thattheyellowsandandbrownearthareasgoldasthemedalhewillbringhome

withhim,whenheisthe40

21.A.drawingB.playingC.dancingD.hiking

22.A.announceB.stressC.concludeD.explain

23.A.mindB.respondC.understandD.regret

24.