考研英語歷年真題及答案一90-96

考研英語歷年真題及答案

1990年全國碩士研究生入學考試英語試題

SectionIStructureandVocabulary

Ineachquestion,decidewhichofthefourchoicesgivenwillmostsuitablycompletethesentence

ifinsertedattheplacemarked.PutyourchoiceintheANSWERSHEET.(15points)

EXAMPLE:

Iwascaughttherainyesterday.

[A]in

[B]by

[C]with

[D]at

ANSWER:[A]

1.Thosetwofamilieshavebeenquarrellingeachotherformanyyears.

[A]to

[B]between

[C]against

[D]with

2.Therearemanythingswhosemisuseisdangerous,buritishardtothinkofanythingthatcanbe

comparedtobaccoproducts.

[A]in

[B]with

[C]among

ID]by

3.“Howoftenhaveyouseencaseslikethis?”onesurgeonaskedanother.uiOh,times,I

guess,“wasthereply.

[A]hundredof

[BJhundreds

[Clhundredsof

[D]hundred

4.GivemeyourtelephonenumberIneedyourhelp.

[A]whether

[B]unless

[C]sothat

[D]incase

5.Yousangwelllastnight.Wehopeyou,llsing.

[A]morebetter

IBJstillbetter

[C]nicely

[D]best

6.Thosepeopleageneralunderstandingofthepresentsituation.

[A]lackof

[B|arelackingof

[C]lack

fD]areinlack

7.Aloneinadesertedhouse,hewassobusywithhisresearchworkthathefeltlonely.

[A]nothingbut

[B]anythingbut

[C]allbut

[D]everythingbut

8.Gracetearswhensheheardthesadnews.

[A]brokein

[B]brokeinto

[C]brokeoff

[D]brokethrough

9.Sherefusedtothecarkeystoherhusbanduntilhehadpromisedtowearhissafety

belt.

[AJhandin

[B]handout

[C]handdown

[D]handover

10.MichaelfounditdifficulttogethisBritishjokestoAmericanaudiences.

[A]around

[B]over

[C]across

IDjdown

11.Thebookcontainedalargeofinformation.

[A]deal

[B]amount

[CJnumber

[D]sum

12.Nowadaysadvertisingcostsarenolongerinreasonabletothetotalcostofthe

product.

[AJproportion

[B]correlation

[C]connection

fD]correspondence

13.Whenshesawthecloudsshewentbacktothehousetoherumbrella.

[A]carry

[BJfetch

FC]bring

IDjreach

14.Wemustthattheexperimentiscontrolledasrigidlyaspossible.

[A]assure

[B]secure

[C]ensure

|D]issue

15.Hewasknockeddownbyacarandbadly.

[A]injured

[B]damaged

[C]harmed

[D]ruined

SectionIIReadingComprehension

Eachofthethreepassagesbelowisfollowedbysomequestions.Foreachquestiontherearefour

answers.Readthepassagescarefullyandchoosethebestanswertoeachofthequestions.Putyour

choiceintheANSWERSHEET.(20points)

Text1

InMay1989,spaceshuttle<<Atlantis,?releasedinouterspacethespaceprobe“Megallan,“which

isnowonher15-monthandone-billion-kilometerflighttoVenus.Anewphaseinspace

explorationhasbegun.

TheplanetVenusisonlyslightlysmallerthanEarth;itistheonlyotherobjectinthesolarsystem,

infact,thatevencomesclosetoearth'ssize.Venushasasimilardensity,soitisprobablymadeof

approximatelythesamestuff,andithasanatmosphere,completewithclouds.Itisalsotheclosest

planettoearth,andthusthemostsimilarindistancefromthesun.Inshort,Venusseemstojustify

itslong-heldnicknameof“earth'stwin.”

ThesurfacetemperatureofVenusreachessome900F.Addedtothatisanatmosphericpressure

about90timesEarth's:Highoverheadinthecarbondioxide(CO2)thatpassesforairisalayerof

clouds,perhaps1()to20milesthick,whoselittledropsconsistmostlyofsulfuricacid(H2SO4).

Waterisallbutnonexistent.

Bornwithsomanyfundamentalsimilaritiestoearth,howdidVenusgettobesoradicallydifferent:

Itisnotjustanacademicmatter.Forallitsextremes,Venusisavaluablelaboratoryfor

researchersstudyingtheweatherandclimateofearth.Ithasnoearth'soceans,sotheheat

transportandothermechanismsaregreatlysimplified.Inaddition,theplanetVenustakes243

earth-daystoturnonceonitsaxis,soincomingheatfromthesunisaddedanddistributedata

moreleisurely,observablepace.

16.VenusissimilartoEarthin.

[A]sizeanddensity

IB]distancefromthesun

[Clhavingatmosphere

[D]alloftheabove

17.ThegreatestvalueinstudyingVenusshouldbeto.

[A]allowustovisitthere

[B]understandEarthbetter

[C]findanewsourceofenergy

[D]promoteanewspaceprogram

18.Themainideaofthispassageisabout.

[A]problemsofspacetravel

[B]scientificmethodsinspaceexploration

[C]theimportanceofVenustoEarth

[D]conditionsonVenus

Text2

TouristsweresurprisedtoseeawomandrivingahugeorangetractordownoneofRome'smain

avenues.Italy'spoliticalleadersandsomeofitsmaleunionchiefsaresaidtohavebeeneven

morepuzzledtoseethatthetractorwasfollowedbyabout200,000womeninaparading

processionthattookmorethanthreehourstosnakethroughcentralRome.

Shoutingslogans,wavingflagsanddancingtodrumbeats,thewomenhadcometothecapital

fromalloverItalytodemonstratefor“ajobforeachofus,adifferenttypeofjob,andasociety

withoutviolence."Sofar,actiontoimprovewomen'sopportunitiesinemploymenthasbeenthe

provinceofcollectiveindustrialbargaining."Butthereisagrowingawarenessthatthisisnot

enough,saysaresearcheronfemalelaboratthegovernment-fundedInstituteforthe

DevelopmentofProfessionalTrainingforWorkers.

Women,whoconstitute52percentofIlaly'spopulation,todayrepresentonly35percentof

Italy'stotalworkforceand33percentofthetotalnumberofItalianswithjobs.However,their

presenceintheworkplaceisgrowing.Theemploymentofwomenisexpandingconsiderablyin

services,nexttothepublicadministrationandcommerceastheirprincipalworkplace.Official

statisticsalsoshowthatwomenhavealsomadesignificantstridesinself-employment.Moreand

morewomenaregoingintobusinessforthemselves.Manyyoungwomenareturningtobusiness

becauseofthegrowingoverallinemployment.Itisalsoafactthattodaymanyprejudiceshave

disappeared,sothatbanksandotherfinancialinstitutesmakejudgmentsonpurelybusiness

considerationswithoutcaringifitisamanorawoman.

Suchchangesareoccurringintheprofessionstoo.Thenumberofwomendoctors,dentists,

lawyers,engineersanduniversityprofessorsincreasedtwotothreefold.Someofthechangesare

immediatelyvisible.Forexample,womenhaveappearedonthesceneforthefirsttimeasstate

police,railwayworkersandstreetcleaners.

However,thepresentsituationisfarfromsatisfactorythoughsomeprogresshasbeenmade.A

breakthroughinequalopportunitiesforwomenisnowdemanded.

19.Theexpression“snakethroughcentralRome“probablymeans“tomove

[AJquietlythroughcentralRome.”

[B]violentlythroughcentralRome.”

[CJinalongwindinglinethroughcentralRome.”

fD]ataleisurelypacethroughcentralRome.^^

20.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?

[A]TherearemorewomenthanmeninItaly.

[B]InItaly,womenarechieflyemployedinservices.

[C]InItaly,womenarestillatadisadvantageinemployment.

[D]InItaly,abouttwo-thirdsofthejobsareheldbymen.

21.About200,000womeninRomedemonstratedfor.

[A]morejobopportunities

[B]agreatervarietyofjobs

[C]"equaljob,equalpay”

[D]bothAandB

22.Thebesttitleforthispassagewouldbe.

[A]TheRoleofWomenisSociety

[B]WomenDemonstrateforEqualityinEmployment

[C]WomenasSelf-employedProfessionals

[D]WomenandtheJobsMarket

Text3

Theoldideathattalentedchildren“burnthemselvesout“intheearlyyears,and,therefore,are

subjectedtofailureandatworst,mentalillnessisunfounded.Asamatteroffact,theoutstanding

thingthathappenstobrightkidsisthattheyareverylikelytogrowintobrightadults.

Tofindthisout,1,500giftedpersonswerefolloweduptotheirthirty-fifthyearwiththeseresults:

Onadultintelligencetests,theyscoredashighastheyhadaschildren.Theywere,asagroup,in

goodhealth,physicallyandmentally.84percentoftheirgroupweremarriedandseemedcontent

withtheirlives.

About70percenthadgraduatedfromcollege,thoughonly30percenthadgraduatedwithhonors.

Afewhadevendroppedout,butnearlyhalfofthesehadreturnedtograduate.Ofthemen,80per

centwereinoneoftheprofessionsorinbusinessmanagementorsemiprofessionaljobs.The

womenwhohadremainedsinglehadoffice,business,orprofessionaloccupations.

Thegrouphadpublished90booksand1,500articlesinscientific,scholarly,andliterary

magazinesandhadcollectedmorethan100patents.

Inamaterialwaytheydidnotdobadlyeither.Averageincomewasconsiderablyhigheramongthe

giftedpeople,especiallythemen,thanforthecountryasawhole,despitetheircomparativeyouth.

Infact,farfrombeingstrange,mostofthegiftedwereturningtheirearlypromiseintopractical

reality.

23.Theoldideathattalentedchildren“bumthemselvesout”intheearlyyearsis.

[A]trueinallsenses

[B]refutedbytheauthor

LCJmedicallyproven

[D|abeliefoftheauthor

24.Thesurveyofbrightchildrenwasmadeto.

[A]findoutwhathadhappenedtotalentedchildrenwhentheybecameadults

[B]provethattalentedchildren“burnthemselvesout”intheearlyyears

[C]discoverthepercentageofthosementallyillamongthegifted

[D]provethattalentedchildrenneverburnthemselvesout

25.Intelligencetestsshowedthat.

[AJbrightchildrenwereunlikelytobementallyhealthy

[Blbetweenchildhoodandadulthoodtherewasaconsiderablelossofintelligence

[CJtalentedchildrenweremostlikelytobecomegiftedadults

fD]whentalentedchildrengrewintoadults,theymadelowscores

SectionIIICloseTest

Foreachnumberedblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourchoiceslabeled[A],[B],[C],and

[D],choosethebestoneandputyourchoiceintheANSWERSHEET.Readthewholepassage

beforemakingyourchoice.(10points)

Nooneknowsforsurewhattheworldwouldbelikeintheyear2001.Manybookshavebeen

written_26_thefuture.Butthe19th-centuryFrenchnovelistJulesVernemaybecalleda

futurologistinthefullest_27—oftheword.Inhisfantasticnovels"ATriptotheMoon”and"80

DaysAroundtheWorld,“hedescribedwithdetailtheaeroplaneandeventhehelicopter.These

novelsstillhaveagreatattraction_28—youngreadersoftodaybecauseoftheirbold

imaginationandscientificaccuracy.

Belowisadescriptionofwhatourlifewillbeintheyear2001aspredictedbya_29—writer.

In2001,inthehome,cookerswillbesetsothatyoucancookacompletemealatthetouchofa

switch.

Televisionwillprovideinformationonpricesatthe_30_shopsaswellasnewsand

entertainment.Videophoneswillbringpicturesaswellas_31—totelephoneconversations.

Machineswillcontroltemperature,lighting,entertainment,securityalarms,laundryand

gardening.

Lightingwillprovidedecorationaswellaswallpaper.

Atwork,robotswilltake_32—mostjobsinthemanufacturingindustries.Workinghourswill

falltounder30hoursaweek.Holidayswillgetlonger;sixweekswillbethenormalannual

holiday.Menandwomenwillretireatthesameage.

Ourleisurewillbedifferenttoo.Thehomewillbecomethecenterofentertainmentthrough

televisionandelectronicgames.Morepeoplewilleatoutinrestaurants_33—theydotoday;

alsotheywillhaveamuchwidervarietyoffoodavailable.Therewillbeachangeoftastetowards

amoresavoury-flavoredmenu.Newsyntheticfoodswillforma_34—partofpeople'sdiets.

Foreigntravelwill_35—;winterholidayswillbecomemorepopularthansummerones.

Alsonon-stopflightsfromBritaintoAustraliaandNewZealandwillbeeasilyavailableandmuch

cheaper.Educationwillbecomeincreasinglymoreimportantthaneverbefore.

26.[A]in

[B]of

[C]about

[D]for

27.IAJsense

[B]meaning

LC]detail

(D]implication

28.[A]for

fB]of

[C]on

fD]towards

29.[AJtoday

[B]nowadays

[CJpresent-day

fD]present

30.[A]near

[B]nearby

[C]nearly

[D]nearer

31.[AJnoise

[B]sound

[C]tone

fD|tune

32.[A]to

[B|away

[C]off

fD]over

33.[A]than

[B]as

[C]when

[D|while

34.[A]usual

[B]popular

[C]daily

[D|regular

35.[A]add

[B|increase

[C]raise

fD]arise

SectionIVError-detectionandCorrection

Eachofthefollowingsentenceshasfourunderlinedparts.Thesepartsarelabeled[A],fB],[C],

and[D].IdentifythepartofsentencethatisincorrectandputyourchoiceintheANSWER

SHEET.Then,withoutalteringthemeaningofthesentence,writedownyourcorrectiononthe

lineintheANSWERSHEET.(10points)

EXAMPLE:

YouhavetohurryupifyouwanttobuysomethingbecauseAthere'sBhardlysomethingCleftD.

ANSWER:[C]anything

36.AlicewashavingAtroubletocontrolBthechildrenbecausetherewereCsomanyDofthem.

37.WewereverymuchsurprisedAthattheBvillagewassuchClongwayfromDtheroad.

38.John'schanceofbeingelectedAchairmanBofthecommitteeisfarCgreaterthanDickD.

39.“WehavewonAaBgreatvictoryonCourenemyDJthecaptainsaid.

40.TherearemanyvaluableservicesAwhichthepublicarewillingtopayforB,butwhichdoes

notbringCareturninmoneyDtothecommunity.

41.ThelawIamreferringArequiresthateveryoneBwhoownsCacarhaveDaccidentinsurance.

42.“IconsidereditAahonorBtobeinvitedtoaddressCthemeetingofworld-famousD

scientists/9saidProfessorLeacock.

43.HewasseeingAsomebodycreepingBintothehousethroughCtheopenDwindowlastnight.

44.ThereasonforAalltheBchangesbeingmadeChasnotexplainedDtousyet.

45.EventhoughAthechildrenpretendedasleepB,thenurseswerenotdeceivedCwhenDthey

cameintotheroom.

SectionVVerbForms

Fillintheblankswiththeappropriateformsoftheverbsgiveninthebrackets.Putyouranswers

intheANSWERSHEET.(10points)

EXAMPLE:

Itishighlydesirablethatanewpresident(appointed)forthiscollege.

ANSWER:(should)beappointed

46.Buyingclothes(be)verytime-consumingasyourarelyfindthingsthatfityou

nicely.

47.Theykeeptellingusitisofutmostimportancethatourrepresentative(send)tothe

conferenceonschedule.

48.1mustcallyourattentiontothedirections.Readthemcarefullyandactas(instruct).

49.Emmasaidinherletterthatshewouldappreciate(hear)fromyousoon.

50.1(call)tomakeanairlinereservation,butIdidn't.

51.IfGreghadtriedhardertoreachtheoppositeshore,we(nothave)topickhimupin

theboat.

52.Aftertwentyyearsabroad,Williamcamebackonly(find)hishometownseverely

damagedinanearthquake.

53.Thelecture(begin),helefthisseatsoquietlythatnoonecomplainedthathis

leavingdisturbedthespeaker.

54.Thechildrenweresurprisedwhentheteacherhadthem(close)theirbooks

unexpectedly.

55.Anewroadwillbebuilthere,andthereforeanumberofexistinghouses(haveto

destroy).

SectionVIChinese-EnglishTranslation

TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish(15points)

56.你應該仔細核對全部資料?，以避免嚴重錯誤。

57.盡管這個實驗復雜，他們決心按時把它完成。

58.一切跡象表明這個人對這里發(fā)生的情況毫無所知。

59.只有那些不怕困難的人，才有可能在工作中取得卓越的成果。

60.這篇作品與其說是短篇小說，不如說更像是新聞報導。

SectionVIIEnglish-ChineseTranslation

ReadthefollowingpassagecarefullyandthentranslatethesentencesunderlinedintoChinese.(20

points)

Peoplehavewonderedforalongtimehowtheirpersonalitiesandbehaviorsareformed.Itisnot

easytoexplainwhyonepersonisintelligentandanotherisnot,orwhyoneiscooperativeand

anotheriscompetitive.

Socialscientistsare,ofcourse,extremelyinterestedinthesetypesofquestions.(61)Theywantto

explainwhywepossesscertaincharacteristicsandexhibitcertainbehaviors.Therearenoclear

answersyet,buttwodistinctschoolsofthoughtonthematterhavedeveloped.Asonemight

expect,thetwoapproachesareverydifferentfromeachother.Thecontroversyisoften

convenientlyreferredtoas“naturevs.nurture.

(62)Thosewhosupportthe“nature“sideoftheconflictbelievethatourpersonalitiesand

behaviorpatternsarelargelydeterminedbybiologicalfactors.(63)Thatourenvironmenthaslittle,

ifanything,todowithourabilities,characteristicsandbehavioriscentraltothistheory.

Takentoanextreme,thistheorymaintainsthatourbehaviorispre-determinedtosuchagreat

degreethatwearealmostcompletelygovernedbyourinstincts.

Thosewhosupportthe“nurture“theory,thatis,theyadvocateeducation,areoftencalled

behaviorists.Theyclaimthatourenvironmentismoreimportantthanourbiologicallybased

instinctsindetermininghowwewillact.Abehaviorist,B.F.Skinner,seeshumansasbeings

whosebehaviorisalmostcompletelyshapedbytheirsurroundings.(64)Thebehavioristsmaintain

that,likemachines,humansrespondtoenvironmentalstimuliasthebasisoftheirbehavior.

Letusexaminethedifferentexplanationsaboutonehumancharacteristic,intelligence,offeredby

thetwotheories.(65)Supportersofthe“nature"theoryinsistthatwearebornwithacertain

capacityforlearningthatisbiologicallydetermined.Needlesstosay:Theydon'tbelievethat

factorsintheenvironmenthavemuchinfluenceonwhatisbasicallyapredetermined

characteristic.Ontheotherhand,behavioristsarguethatourintelligencelevelsaretheproductof

ourexperiences.(66)Behavioristssuggestthatthechildwhoisraisedinanenvironmentwhere

therearemanystimuliwhichdevelophisorhercapacityforappropriateresponseswillexperience

greaterintellectualdevelopment.

Thesocialandpoliticalimplicationsofthesetwotheoriesareprofound.(67)IntheUnitedStates,

blacksoftenscorebelowwhitesonstandardizedintelligencetests.Thisleadssome“nature”

proponentstoconcludethatblacksarebiologicallyinferiortowhites.(68)Behaviorists,in

contrast,saythatdifferencesinscoresareduetothefactthatblacksareoftendeprivedofmanyof

theeducationalandotherenvironmentaladvantagesthatwhitesenjoy.

Mostpeoplethinkneitherofthesetheoriescanyetfullyexplainhumanbehavior.

1990年全國碩士研究生入學考試英語試題參考答案

SectionI:StructureandVocabulary(15points)

1.[D]2.[B]3.[C]4.[D]5.[B|

6.IC]7.[BJ8.[B]9.[D]10.[C]

11.[B]12.[A]13.[B]14.[C]15.[A]

SectionII:ReadingComprehension(20points)

16.[D]17.[Bl18.[C]19.[C]20.[B]

21.IDJ22.[BJ23.[B]24.[A]25.[CJ

SectionIII:ClozeTest(10points)

26.[C]27.[A]28.[A]29.[C]30.[BJ

31.[B]32.[D]33.[A]34.[D]35.[B]

SectionIV:Error-detectionandCorrection(10points)

36.[B]controlling37.[C]sucha

38.[D]Dick's39.[C]over

40.[C]donotbring41.[A]referringto

42.[BJanhonor43.[A]saw

44.[D]hasnotbeenexplained45.[B]tobeasleep

SectionV:VerbForms(10points)

46.is47.(should)besent

48.instructed49.hearing

50.shouldhavecalled51.wouldnothavehad

52.tofind53.havingbegun

54.close55.willhavetobedestroyed

SectionVI:Chinese-EnglishTranslation(15points)

56.Youshouldcheckallthedatacarefullysoastoavoidseriousmistakes.

57.Althoughtheexperimentiscomplicated,theyaredeterminedtofinishitontime.

58.Allsignsshowedthatthemanknewnothingofwhathadhappenedhere.

59.Onlythosewhoarenotafraidofanydifficultieshavethechanceofachievingoutstanding

resultsintheirwork.

60.Thispieceofwritingismorelikeanewsreportthanashortstory.

SectionVII:English-ChineseTranslation(20points)

61.他們想要說明，為什么我們具有某些性格特征和表現出某些行為。

62.在這場爭論中，贊成“天性”一方的那些人認為，我們的性格特征和行為模式大多是由

生物因素所決定的。

63.這種理論的核心是，我們的環(huán)境同我們的才能、性格特征和行為即使有什么關系的話，

也是微不足道的。

64.行為主義者堅信，人象機器?樣，對?環(huán)境的刺激作出反應，這是他們行為的基礎。

65.支持“天性”論的人堅持說，我們生來就具有一定的學習才能，這是由生物因素決定的。

66.行為主義者的看法是，如果■個兒童在有許多刺激物的環(huán)境里成長，而這些刺激物能夠

發(fā)展其作出適當反應的能力，那么，這個兒童將會有更高的智力發(fā)展。

67.在美國，黑人在標準化智力測試中的成績常常低于白人。

68.相反，行為主義者認為，成績的差異是由于黑人往往被剝奪了白人在教育及其它環(huán)境方

面所享有的許多有利條件。

1991年全國碩士研究生入學考試英語試題

I.Ineachsentence,decidewhichofthefourchoicesgivenwillsuitablycompletethesentence

ifinsertedattheplacemarked.PutyourchoiceintheANSWERSHEET(15point)

1.Theylosttheirwayintheforest,and_mademattersworsewasthatnightbeganto

fall.

A.thatB.itC.whatD.which

2.__myreturn,IlearnedthatProfessorSmithhadbeenattheMuseumandwouldnotbe

backforseveralhours.'

A.AtB.OnC.WithD.During

3.Anyonewhohasspenttimewithchildrenisawareofthedifferenceinthewayboysandgirls

respondto_situations.

A.similarB.alikeC.sameD.likely

4.Thereisnotmuchtimeleft;soI'lltellyouaboutit

A.indetailB.inbriefC.inshortD.inall

5.Inthisfactory,suggestionOftenhavetowaitformonthsbeforetheyarefully_.

A.admittedB.acknowledgedC.absorbedD.considered

6.Thereisarealposibilitythattheseanimalscouldbefrightened,_asuddenloud

noise.

A.beingthereB.shouldtherebeC.therewasD.therehavingbeen

7.Bytheyear2000,scientistsprobably_acureforcancer.

A.'willbediscoveringB.arediscovering

C.willhavediscoveredD.havediscovered

8.Jimisn'tbuthedidbadlyinthefinalexamslastsmester.

A.gloomyB.dullC.awkwardD.tedious

9.Theboyslippedoutoftheroomandheadedfortheswimmingpoolwithouthisparents'

A.commandB.convictionC.consentD.compromise

IO.Hehad_onthesubject.

A.aratherstrongopinionB.ratherstrongopinion

C.ratherthestrongopinionD.theratherstrongopinion.

Il.WhenJanefellofftheb汰e,theotherchildren_

A.werenotabletohelplaughterB.couldnothelpbutlaughing

C.couldnothelplaughingD.couldnothelptolaugh

12.Itisbettertodieonone'sfeetthan_.

A.livingonone'skneesB.liveonone'sknees

C.onone'skneesD.toliveonone'sknees

13.Themostimportant_ofhisspeechwasthatweshouldallworkwholeheartedlyfor

thepeople.

A.elementB.spotC.senseD.point

14.Thiswatchis_toalltheotherwatchesonthemarket.

A.superiorB.advantageousC.superD.beneficial

15.Inatyphoon,winds_aspeedgreaterthan120kilometersperhour.

A.assumeB.accomplishC.attainD.assemble

16.—theEnglishexaminationIwouldhavegonetotheconcertlastSunday.

A.InspiteofB.ButforC.BecauseofD.Asfor

17.Mary_myletter;otherwiseshewouldhaverepliedbeforenow.

A.hasreceivedB.oughttohavereceived

C.couldn'thavereceivedD.shouldn11havereceived

18._tospeakwhentheaudienceinterruptedhim.

A.HardlyhadhebegunB.Nosoonerhadhebegun

C.NotuntilhebeganD.Scarcelydidhebegin

19.Annawasreadingapieceofsciencefiction,completely_totheoutsideworld.

A.beinglostB.havinglostC.losingD.lost

20.Thepolicemenwentintoaction_theyheardthealarm.

A.promptlyB.presentlyC.quicklyD.directly

21.ThelostcaroftheLeeswasfound_inthewoodsoffthehighway.

A.vanishedB.abandonedC.scatteredD.rejected

22.Dresswarmly,_you'llcatchcold.

A.onthecontraryB.orratherC.orelseD.innoway

23.Ourresearchhasfocusedonadrugwhichisso_astobeabletochangebrainchem-

istry.

A.powerfulB.influentialC.monstrousD.vigorous

24.Bobwascompletely_bytherobber*sdisguise.

A.takenawayB.takendownC.takentoD.takenin

25.Difficultiesandhardshipshave_thebestqualitiesoftheyounggeologist.

A.broughtoutB.broughtaboutC.broughtforthD.broughtup

26.Ourmodemcivilizationmustnotbethoughtofas_inashortperiodoftime.

A.beingcreatedB.tohavebeencreated

C.havingbeencreatedD.tobecreated

27.Eveniftheyareonsale,theserefrigeratorsareequalinpriceto,ifnotmoreexpensivethan,

—attheotherstore.

A.anyoneB.theothersC.thatD.theones

28.Thebankmanageraskedhisassistantifitwaspossibleforhimto_theinvestment

planwithinaweek.

A.workoutB.putoutC.makeoutD.setout

29.Heknowslittleofmathematics,and_ofchemistry.

A.evenmoreB.stilllessC.nolessD.stillmore

30.Thestudentsexpectedthere_morereviewingclassesbeforethefanilexam.

A.isB.beingC.havebeenD.tobe

II.Eachofthepassagesbelowisfollowedbysomequestions.Forachquestionfouranswers

aregiven.Readthepassagescarefullyandchnosethebestanswertoeachofthequestions.

PutyourchoiceintheANSWERSHEET.(30poinb)

1

Awisemanoncesaidthattheonlythingnecessaryforthetriumphofevilisforgoodmento

donothing.So,asapoliceofficer,Ihavesomeurgentthingstosaytogoodpeople.

DayafterdaymymenandIstruggletoholdbackatidalwaveofcrime.Somethinghasgone

terriblywrongwithouronce-proudAmericanwayoflife.Ithashappenedintheareaofvalues.A

keyingredientisdisappearing,andIthinkIknowwhatitis:accountability.

Accountabilityisn11hardtodefine.Itmeansthateverypersonisresponsibleforhisorher

actionsandliablefortheirconsequences.

Ofthemanyvaluesthatholdcivilizationtogether—honesty,kindness,andsoon—account-

abilitymaybethemostimportantofall.Withoutit,therecanbenorespect,notrust,nolaw-

and,ultimately,nosociety.

Myjobasapoliceofficeristoimposeaccountabilityonpeoplewhorefuse,orhaveneverlearned,

toimposeitonthemselves.Butaseverypolicemanknows,externalcontrolsonpeople'sbehavior

arefarlesseffectivethaninternalrestraintssuchasguilt,shameandembarrassment.

Fortunatelytherearestillcommunities—smallertowns,usually—whereschoolsmaintain

disciplineandwhereparentsholdupstandardsthatproclaim:"Inthisfamilycertainthingsarenot

tolerated-theysimplyarenotdone!"

Yetmoreandmore,especiallyinourlargercitisandsuburbs,theseinnerrestraintsare

loosening.Yourtypicalrobberhasnone.Heconsidersyourpropertyhisproperty;hetakeswhat

hewants,includingyourlifeifyouenragehim.

Themaincauseofthisbreak-downisaradicalshiftinattitudes.Thirtyyearsago,ifacrime

wascommitted,societywasconsideredthevictim.Now,inashockingreversal,it'sthecriminal

whoisconsideredvictimized:byhisunderpriviledgedupbringing,bytheschoolthatdidn'tteach

himtoread,bythechu