高考閱讀七選五做題技巧課件

七選五閱讀解題指導(dǎo)高考英語(yǔ)專題復(fù)習(xí)

Ifeelvery_______because______.delightednervousexcited

Theycometoseewhetheryouaregoodstudents.A.wewillgotothezootoday.B.manynewteacherscometoourschool.C.IhavedoneagoodjobinEnglishclass.B文章結(jié)構(gòu)(a)描述性結(jié)構(gòu)(主要介紹事物、問(wèn)題或傾向的特點(diǎn)，對(duì)人物的描述如傳記，包括人身體特征、家庭背景、成長(zhǎng)過(guò)程、個(gè)性愛(ài)好、成就奉獻(xiàn)等內(nèi)容進(jìn)行描述，因此時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)往往是出題重點(diǎn))(b)釋義性結(jié)構(gòu)(解釋某一理論、學(xué)科、事物，主要用例子比喻類比闡述)(c)比較性結(jié)構(gòu)(把兩個(gè)人或事物功能、特點(diǎn)、優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)進(jìn)行比照)(d)原因性結(jié)構(gòu)(這種結(jié)構(gòu)主要分析事物的成因，客觀的、主觀的、直接的、間接的)(e)駁斥性結(jié)構(gòu)(這種結(jié)構(gòu)主要是先介紹一種觀點(diǎn)，然后對(duì)其評(píng)論或駁斥，然后分析其優(yōu)點(diǎn)缺點(diǎn)、危害性、最后說(shuō)明自己的觀點(diǎn))◆速讀全文，關(guān)注每段首尾句，了解大意知主題◆瀏覽選項(xiàng)，理解全篇邏輯關(guān)系,找出關(guān)鍵詞◆運(yùn)用上下文所重復(fù)的關(guān)鍵詞推斷

◆利用同義詞和近義詞關(guān)系◆利用詞的上下義關(guān)系◆利用反義詞、過(guò)渡詞關(guān)系

◆理清結(jié)構(gòu)，確定答案，最后再來(lái)順一遍七選五閱讀理解題的解題技巧:篇章結(jié)構(gòu)類1、語(yǔ)境。放進(jìn)去通順，這一點(diǎn)是根底，凡不通順的必錯(cuò)無(wú)疑.2.大小標(biāo)題。大標(biāo)題是對(duì)全文的概括總結(jié)，大標(biāo)題每個(gè)實(shí)詞的首字母都大寫。小標(biāo)題是對(duì)其下面段落的概括總結(jié)；，幾個(gè)小標(biāo)題之間長(zhǎng)短根本一致，用詞的特點(diǎn)相同，且小標(biāo)題一般都以動(dòng)詞開(kāi)頭或名詞短語(yǔ)，沒(méi)有主語(yǔ)。主旨概括句〔文章整體內(nèi)容〕1.標(biāo)題型——短小精悍〔多為名詞性短語(yǔ)、祈使句，總–分結(jié)構(gòu)〕2.首句型1)首段首句2)中間段首句3)末段首句文章主題，首尾照應(yīng)靠上下文承接做題總結(jié)下文——本段主題歸納總結(jié)，首尾照應(yīng)根據(jù)試題所在位置確定不同的解題策略

1)如果空格出現(xiàn)在段首通常是段落主題句。認(rèn)真閱讀后文內(nèi)容，根據(jù)段落一致性原那么，查找同義詞或其他相關(guān)的詞，推斷出主題句。關(guān)注每段首尾句，了解大意知主題

Ex._____Everyday,whenshecomesbackhomefromwork,shesetsaboutdoinghousework,sweepingthelivingroomandbedroomsorcleaningthefurniture,andputtingeverythinginorder.Sheseemstobebusyallthetime.…Motherneverbuysexpensivedressesforherself,butsheoftenbuyssomeinexpensivebuthighqualityclothesforus.A.sheenjoyslisteningtoclassmusic.B.Shenevergoestoexpensiverestaurantstoenjoymeals.C.Mymotherishard—workingandneverwastesmoney.D.Asamother,shetakesgoodcareofusandgivesuseverycomfort.

段首Passage1_______UniversitiesinBritainareamagnet〔磁力〕foroverseasstudents.Therearecurrentlyover200000fromoutsideBritainstudyingatBritishuniversities.ThelargestsinglegroupisChinesestudents.Therearecurrently50000intheUK.UniversitiesintheUKItisverysimpletobecomeaninternationalstudentintheUKScholarshipsinUniversities

標(biāo)題Passage2

Learninganotherlanguageisn’teasy,……_____

Languagelearningiscumulative(積累):youcannotputitoffuntilweekend.Distributeyourstudytime

Studyadifferenttaskeachtime:vocabularynow,grammarnext.etc.A.Studyeveryday.B.Ifyou’reaskedtolisten,practicelistening.C.Soyou’llatleasthavelookedatitall.

小標(biāo)題

2〕如果空格出現(xiàn)在段中。這時(shí)要根據(jù)空格前后的句子意思、備選選項(xiàng)的句子意思以及句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系來(lái)確定答案3)如果空格出現(xiàn)在段尾〔分---總〕通常是結(jié)論、概括性語(yǔ)句。注意在選項(xiàng)中查找表示結(jié)果、結(jié)論、總結(jié)等的信號(hào)詞，如therefore,asaresult,so,thus,hence,inshort,tosumup,toconclude,inaword等詞語(yǔ)，選項(xiàng)中也可發(fā)現(xiàn)前文的同義詞句。

Passage1

NowadaysinChina,parentscareabouttheirchildren’seducationmorethananythingelse.Theyspendalotcoaching(訓(xùn)練)theirchildrenintheirstudies.Someevenhireteachersfortheirchildren.Manyhavetheirchildrensenttoafter-classschools.____.Itseemsasifabettereducationisallthatparentsexpectfortheirchildren.Skillsandknowledgemeanscompetition.Skillsandknowledgedoesn’tmeanall.

段尾AreyounewtoexperiencingrelationshipsWell，letmegiveyouadviceonhowtohaveahealthyrelationshipwithyourpartners.

〔1〕Beanhonestpersonwiththem.Don'thidethingsfromthem，anddon'tlie.Don'tbeafraidtosaythingsthataren'tveryflatteringaboutyourself.Gettingthemtotrustyouisthemostimportantelementinanyrelationship.Ifthere'snotrustthere'snothingthere.36

A.There‘salotmoretoit.

B.Showthemyourpersonality.

C.Insteadofscreaming,talktothem:

D.Laughterkeepstherelationshipstrongandlasting.

E.Sopleasebehonestandthey'lllearntoopenuptoyou.

Passage2(課時(shí)作業(yè)P274頁(yè)〕

段尾Avoidalcoholanddrugs.

Youmaybetrydrinkingorusedrugsinanefforttoescapefromyourfeelingsandgeta"moodboost,"evenifjustforashorttime.However,substanceusecannotonlymakedepressionworse,butcancauseyoutobecomemoredepressed.19．

D.Themoreexerciseyoudo,thehealthieryouwillbe.

E.Helpisavailableandyouhavemorepowerthanyouthink.

F.Asyougetoutintotheworld,youmayfindyourselffeelingbetter.

G.Inshort,drinkingandtakingdrugswillmakeyoufeelworseinthelongrun.Passage3〔課時(shí)作業(yè)P270〕GGuideforteenagersPassage5

Notallpastpredictionshavebeenprovedwrong.______Somegreatthinkerspredictedthearrivalofthecreditcard,thefaxmachineandeventheinternet----yearsbeforetheyhappened.PredictionsoftheFutureAfewofthemhavebeensurprisinglyaccurate.C.Ithasn’tappearyet.

段中Eyesareimportantforeverybody.Youmusttakecareandtryeverythinginyourhandtokeepthemingoodcondition.36

37

Strainisknowntobeafactorinmanyhealthconditionsandeyestrainisnoexception.Trymeditation,yogaorothermethodsofstressrelieftoimproveyourvisionandoverallhealth.A.Reduceeyestrain.

B.Keepyoureyesmoist.

C.Herearesomeofthetipstoimproveyoureyesightnaturally.

D.Giveyoureyesaworkoutwiththefollowingexercise.Passage4〔課時(shí)作業(yè)P262〕

段尾

小標(biāo)題CAHowtoImproveEyesightNaturallyWhileitisimpossibletolivecompletelyfreeofstress,itispossibletopreventstressaswellasreduceitseffectwhenitcan’tbeavoided．

36

●

37

Whenyouarenervous,angryorupset,tryreleasingthepressurethroughexerciseorphysicalactivity.Running,walking,playingtennis,andworkinginyourgardenarejustsomeoftheactivitiesyoumighttry．

●maketimeforyourselfscheduletimeforbothworkand......

D.Tryphysicalactivity．

E.Youneedabreakfromyourdailyroutinetojustrelaxandhavefun．

F.Youcouldsmiletoyourselfinfrontofamirroreveryday．

G.Thefollowingaresuggestionsforwaystodealwithstress．

段尾

小標(biāo)題Passage6(課時(shí)作業(yè)P222頁(yè)〕G

D

TipsforcookingonaTightScheduleFrommyexperience,therearethreemainreasonswhypeopledon’tcookmoreoften:ability,moneyandtime,___36__MoneyisatopicI’llsaveforanotherday.SotodayIwanttogiveyousomewisdomabouthowtomakethemostofthetimeyouspendinthekitchen.371.Thinkahead.ThemomentswhenIthinkcookingisapainarewhenI’malreadyhungryandthereisnothingreadytoeat.A.Trynewthings.

B.Abilityiseasilyimproved.

C.Makethreeorfourinstead.

D.Herearethreetipsforgreatcookingonatightschedule:

段中

段尾2014新課標(biāo)II〔活頁(yè)練習(xí)45〕DBBeloware細(xì)節(jié)類型1)詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)法復(fù)現(xiàn)，是保證文章前后銜接而經(jīng)常使用的一種寫作手段，即作者在文章上下文不同的位置對(duì)同一個(gè)概念進(jìn)行重復(fù)描述。選項(xiàng)中的單詞、詞組、句子成分或與所選答案在段內(nèi)容重合。復(fù)現(xiàn)關(guān)系，主要是指同義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、近義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、反義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)等。

雙保險(xiǎn)：上下文再核實(shí)一下

______Theimageincludesthewayyoulook,thewayyouact,thewayyoutalkandthewayyouthink.Interestingly,ourself-imagesareoftenquitedifferentfromtheimagesothersholdaboutus.

Alwaysloveyourself.Self-imageisyourownmind’spictureofyourself.Don’tallowdoubtstooccurinit.self-imagesSelf-imageimageEx1…Ex2…Ontheotherhand,theadvantagesofgoingoverseasmayincludeday-to-dayopportunitiestolearnanewculture,meetnewfriendswithwhomyoucanuseandpracticethelanguage,andchancestoseedifferentpartsoftheworld.______Thosedisadvantagesincludeexpense,timeawayfromone’sschool,family,…Thefollowingareitsadvantages.However,theremaybeanumberofdisadvantages.Consideradistanceeducation.Mostofusareadaptedtostudyingatschool.活頁(yè)練習(xí)52Whatistrueoforganizationistrueofmanyaspectsofpublicspeaking.__74__.Asyouworkonexpressingyourideasinclearaccuratelanguage,youwillimproveyourabilitytothinkclearlyandaccurately.__75__.Asyoulearntolistencriticallytospeechesinclass,youwillbebetterabletoassesstheideasofspeakersinavarietyofsituations.E.Ifyouarewonderingwhatthishastodowithyourpublicspeakingclass,theanswerisquitealot.F.Theskillsyoulearninyourspeechclasscanhelpyoubecomeamoreeffectivethinkerinanumberofways.G.Asyoustudytheroleofevidenceandreasoninginspeechmaking,youwillseehowtheycanbeusedinotherformsofcommunicationaswell.GAsyoustudyPublicspeakingandcriticalthinking2)詞匯同現(xiàn)法

詞匯同現(xiàn)是指屬于同一詞匯或者跟此詞匯相關(guān)同一領(lǐng)域的詞匯在文章中共同出現(xiàn)，到達(dá)語(yǔ)義銜接的目的。你可以在選項(xiàng)中找到與此詞匯最接近的詞，從而到達(dá)快而準(zhǔn)。一般來(lái)說(shuō)，上下文中詞匯聯(lián)系越接近，上下文的銜接關(guān)系越緊密。Whyisgettingstartedrightnowthebestwaytogetstarted?Procrastinating〔拖延〕won’tgetyouanywhere.Gettingstartediseasyandsimple.Yetprocrastinatingisalsoeasytodo.Itwillpreventyouinmorewaysthanone.RememberwhatIsaidearlieraboutwhatwedoeverydayisahabit?Well,ifyouprocrastinateenough,thathabitwillgointootherpartsofyourlifeaswell.Ifyouprocrastinatewithsimplethings,you’llprocrastinateharderthings.Oneleadstoanother.butattheleastyouneedtogetstarted.A.startsmallifyoumust.B.You’llneverhitanything.C.Youcan’tgetawayfromit.D…….E……F……GDelayingwhatyou’vebeendyingtodoisn’tgoingtobenefityou.

〔13期報(bào)紙〕G3)代詞線索

英語(yǔ)表達(dá)中代詞出現(xiàn)的頻率極高，代詞的作用無(wú)非是指代前面提及的名詞或形容詞概念，巧妙利用這樣的指代關(guān)系和根據(jù)代詞的單復(fù)數(shù)差異可以準(zhǔn)確而快速地解題。

_________Theygivemorebackgroundanddetails.Theyalsoletyoureadpartsthatareimportanttoyouandskiptherest.BothtelevisionandtheInternethavemanydisadvantages.Otherhigh-techtimesavershavesimilardisadvantages.Newspapersandmagazineshavesomeimportantadvantages.TheyNewspapersandmagazinesreadMusicadvisoryteamManyeducationauthoritieshaveeducationsupportteamsofadvisers,

advisoryteachersandsubjectspecialists.

38Ifyoureducationauthorityhasamusicsupportservice,theymaybeabletosupplyyouwithfreechoirmusicforyourschool.Askyourmusicsubjectleaderinschooltofindoutaboutyourmusicadvisoryteam’ssupportforprimaryschoolchoirs,especiallywithregardtoprovidingfreescores.

39Aswellasgenerallibraries,manycitiesalsohavespecializedmusiclibraries,whicharelikelytohavecollectionsofsheetmusicofmanydifferentkinds……C.Thiscanhelpyoumakesurewhethertheyaresuitable.D.

Theirjobistopromotelearninginspecificsubjects.E.Buttheyarenotfamiliarwithchoirsinfact.F.LibraryG.Familiesofschoolssometimessharesomeresources.

〔12期報(bào)紙〕FDFreechoirmusicforprimaryschool

4)數(shù)字線索

包括具體數(shù)字以及和數(shù)字相關(guān)的詞匯諸如ratio,rate等等。作者列出數(shù)字，除了和其他數(shù)字進(jìn)行比照和比較之外，還可以用數(shù)據(jù)來(lái)說(shuō)明一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)。

Untilrelativelyrecently,thevastmajorityofhumanbeingslivedanddiedwithouteverseeingacity.Thefirstcitywasprobablyfoundednomorethan5,500yearsago.1.Infact,nearlyeveryonelivedonfarmsorintinyrural(鄉(xiāng)村的)villages.A．Thatkeptcitiesverysmall.B．Therestliveinsmalltowns.C．Theeffectsofurbanlivingonpeopleshouldbeconsidered.D．Soonmanyotherindustrialnationsbecomeurbansocieties.E.Buteven200yearsago,onlyafewpeoplecouldliveincities.2013北京卷〔活頁(yè)練習(xí)46〕urbanizationIn1990,fewerthan40%ofAmericanslivedinurbanareas.Today,over82%ofAmericansliveincities.Onlyabout2%liveonfarms.

.A．Thatkeptcitiesverysmall.B．Therestliveinsmalltowns.C．Theeffectsofurbanlivingonpeopleshouldbeconsidered.D．Soonmanyotherindustrialnationsbecomeurbansocieties.2013北京卷〔活頁(yè)練習(xí)46〕5).連接詞①注意and,but,however，otherwise等含義。②如果答案中有foranother，前面不遠(yuǎn)處會(huì)有foronething。③如果答案中有other(s)，前面不遠(yuǎn)處會(huì)有some.④如果答案中有second，前面不遠(yuǎn)處會(huì)有first等等。需要注意的是foronething，foranother...,some...other(s)...,first...second...等這些組合既可能出現(xiàn)在同一段落中，也可能分別出現(xiàn)在相鄰兩段的句首。Ex.Takinggoodnotesisatimesavingskillthatwillhelpyoutobecomeabetterstudentinseveralways.__________Second,yournotesareexcellentmaterialstorefertowhenyouarestudyingforatest.Third,note-takingoffers….(2008寧夏.海南卷〕Usewords,notcompletesentences.Youmustwriteyournotesonseparatepaper.First，thesimpleactofwritingsomethingdownmakesiteasierforyoutounderstandandremember.Therearethreepracticalnote-takingmethods.SecondThird

(a)并列與遞進(jìn)關(guān)系：and,or,also，neither…nor…,either…or…,likewise,similarly,equally,inthesameway,thatistosay,aswellas,thesame…as,besides,additionally,furthermore,moreover,inadditionto,whatismore

6)邏輯關(guān)系線索(b)因果關(guān)系：because,for,since,as,thus,hence,therefore,so,so…that,consequently,accordingly,dueto,thanksto,asaresult,becauseof,inthat,forthisreason,ofcourse

(c)時(shí)間關(guān)系：afterwards,atfirst,atlast,finally,first,firstly,inthefirstplace,tostartwith，inthemeantime,last,later,next,second,secondly,then,third,thirdly,tobeginwith以及一些具體的時(shí)間。

(d)轉(zhuǎn)折讓步關(guān)系：but,however,yet,onthecontrary,bycontrast,ontheotherhand,unfortunately,while,whereas,unlike,ratherthan,insteadof,itistruethat,ofcourse,although,though,eventhough,evenif,nevertheless,despite,inspiteof

Surroundyourselfwithhappypeople.Itiseasytobegintothinknegativelywhenyouaresurroundedbypeoplewhothinkthatway.________A.Therearesometipsinlifethatleadtohappiness.B.Beingoverweightornoteatingnutritiousfoodscanhaveanegativeeffectonyourmood.C.Onthecontrary,ifyouarearoundpeoplewhoarehappy,theiremotionalstatewillbeinfectious.Ex…__________However,therealmoviecapitalisMumbai〔孟買〕,inIndia.MumbaiusedtobeknownasBombay,andsothefilmindustrythereiscalled“Bollywood”A.Sometimestheyevenwritethescriptbyhand.B.MostpeoplethinkthatthecapitalofthemovieworldisHollywood,intheUnitedStates.C.Theymayevenshootscenesforseveralfilmsonthesamedayusingthesameclothes.However1．閱讀各個(gè)空的前后句，標(biāo)記關(guān)鍵詞在閱讀文章的開(kāi)始局部、明確文章的根本話題以后，要閱讀五個(gè)空白的前后句，并將前后句中的解題線索，即關(guān)鍵詞標(biāo)記下來(lái)。2．閱讀各個(gè)選項(xiàng)，尤其是選項(xiàng)的首句，標(biāo)記關(guān)鍵詞3．比較并匹配上述兩類關(guān)鍵詞，確定答案4．將確定的答案代入原文，看讀起來(lái)是否通順。

6)關(guān)鍵詞線索Whyisgettingstartedrightnowthebestwaytogetstarted?it’sbetterthanthinkingaboutit.Thinkingaboutsomethingbeforeyoudoitisok.Butthinkingcanalsobedangerouswhenyoudotoomuchofit.Itwillbecomeahabit,whichisnotgoingtopushyouforwardandgetyoustarted.Thinkingisn’tgoingtochangethesituation.Itwilljustkeepyouinthesamepositionyou’vealreadyin.wellwhathappensifyouspentallyourtimeaimingandnotfiring?

36That’sbasicallywhatyouaredoingbythinkingtoomuchandnotgettingstarted.A.startsmallifyoumust.B.You’llneverhitanything.C.Youcan’tgetawayfromit.D…….E……F……GDelayingwhatyou’vebeendyingtodoisn’tgoingtobenefityou.

〔13期報(bào)紙〕Baimingandnotfiring?實(shí)戰(zhàn)演習(xí)寧夏，海南卷

Takinggoodnotesisatime-savingskillthatwillhelpyoutobecomeabetterstudentinseveralways.71Second,yournotesareexcellentmaterialstorefertowhenyouarestudyingforatest.Third,note-takingoffersvarietytoyourstudytimeandhelpsyoutoholdyourinterest.

Youwillwanttotakenotesduringclassroomdiscussionsandwhilereadingatextbookordoingresearchforareport.72Wheneverorhoweveryoutakenotes,keepinmindthatnote-takingisaselectiveprocess.73

Thefollowingmethodsmayworkbestforyou.

?Readthetextquicklytofindthemainfactsandideasinit.

?Carefullyreadthetextandwatchforwordsthatcanshowmainpointsandsupportingfacts.

?Writeyournotesinyourownwords.

?74

?Noteanyquestionsorideasyoumayhaveaboutwhatwassaidorwritten.

Asyoutakenotes,youmaywanttouseyourownshorthand(速記).Whenyoudo,besurethatyouunderstandyoursymbolsandthatyouusethemallthetime.75

A.Usewords,notcompletesentences.

BTherearethreepracticalnote-takingmethods.

C.Youmustwriteyournotesonseparatepaper.

D.Otherwise,youmaynotbeabletoreadyournoteslater.

E.Youwillalsowanttodevelopyourownmethodfortakingnotes.

F.Thatmeansyoumustfirstdecidewhatisimportantenoughtoincludeinyournotes.

G．First,thesimpleactofwritingsomethingdownmakesiteasierforyoutounderstandandrememberit.連接詞

Takinggoodnotesisatime-savingskillthatwillhelpyoutobecomeabetterstudentinseveralways.71Second,yournotesareexcellentmaterialstorefertowhenyouarestudyingforatest.Third,note-takingoffersvarietytoyourstudytimeandhelpsyoutoholdyourinterest.

A.Usewords,notcompletesentences.

BTherearethreepracticalnote-takingmethods.

C.Youmustwriteyournotesonseparatepaper.

D.Otherwise,youmaynotbeabletoreadyournoteslater.

E.Youwillalsowanttodevelopyourownmethodfortakingnotes.

F.Thatmeansyoumustfirstdecidewhatisimportantenoughtoincludeinyournotes.

G．First,thesimpleactofwritingsomethingdownmakesiteasierforyoutounderstandandrememberit.

G〔重現(xiàn)法〕Youwillwanttotakenotesduringclassroomdiscussionandwhilereadingatextbookordoingresearchforreport.72wheneverorhoweveryoutakenotes,keepinmindthatnote-takingisselectiveprocess_73____BTherearethreepracticalnote-takingmethods.

C.Youmustwriteyournotesonseparatepaper.

D.Otherwise,youmaynotbeabletoreadyournoteslater.

E.Youwillalsowanttodevelopyourownmethodfortakingnotes.

F.Thatmeansyoumustfirstdecidewhatisimportantenoughtoincludeinyournotes.E.語(yǔ)境法

Youwillwanttotakenotesduringclassroomdiscussionsandwhilereadingatextbookordoingresearchforareport.72Wheneverorhoweveryoutakenotes,keepinmindthatnote-takingisaselectiveprocess.

73

Thefollowingmethodsmayworkbestforyou.

?Readthetextquicklytofindthemainfactsandideasinit.

?Carefullyreadthetextandwatchforwordsthatcanshowmainpointsandsupportingfacts.

?Writeyournotesinyourownwords.

BTherearethreepracticalnote-takingmethods.C.Youmustwriteyournotesonseparatepaper.

D.Otherwise,youmaynotbeabletoreadyournoteslater.

F.Thatmeansyoumustfirstdecidewhatisimportantenoughtoincludeinyournotes.

F小標(biāo)題Readthetextquicklytofindthemainfactsandideasinit.●Carefullyreadthetextandwatchforwordsthatcanshowmainpointsandsupportingfacts.●Writeyournotesinyourownwords.●74____●Noteanyquestionsorideasyoumayhaveaboutwhatwassaidorwritten.A.Usewords,notcompletesentences.

BTherearethreepracticalnote-takingmethods.

C.Youmustwriteyournotesonseparatepaper.

D.Otherwise,youmaynotbeabletoreadyournoteslater.

E.Youwillalsowanttodevelopyourownmethodfortakingnotes.

F.Thatmeansyoumustfirstdecidewhatisimportantenoughtoincludeinyournotes.

A語(yǔ)境法