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[模擬]考研英語模擬49

多項選擇

3

第1題:

Thestorytoldinthepassageismostpossiblyastoryfrom

A.aShakespeare'swork

B.AncientGreece

C.theHolyBible

D.AncientChina

參考答案:C

答案解析:

第2題:

Thepurposeofsuchastorywasto.

A.warnpeopleagainsttalkingtoomuchwhileworking

B.explainthereasonwhydifferentlanguagesexistintheworld

C.tellthereasonwhycooperationisimportant

D.warnpeopleagainstworkingtogethertoomuch

參考答案:B

答案解析:

第3題:

Accordingtothestory,Godwasangrywithmenbecausehethoughtthey

weretoo.

A.lazy

B.greedy

C.stupid

D.arrogant

參考答案:D

答案解析:

1

3

第4題:

Whichofthefollowingfactsaboutgiantpandasisnottrue?

A.Thereareonlyabout1,000pandasalive.

B.GiantpandaslivemostlyinSouthwestChina.

C.Malepandasweighlessthanfemaleones.

I).Malepandasweighmorethanfemaleones.

參考答案:C

答案解析:

第5題:

Wildpandasareindangerofbecomingextinctbecause.

A.theirbreedingcapacityhasbeenaffectedbyairpollution.

B.theyaresufferingfromtheproblemoffoodshortage.

C.theyarebeingkilledbypoachersfortheirvaluablefur.

D.theyarenotsoadaptabletoclimatechange.

參考答案:B

答案解析:

第6題:

Whatisthewomandoinginherresearchprogram?

A.Sheislookingatwaysofprotectingwildpandas.

B.Sheislookingatwaysofhelpingpandastobreed.

C.Sheislookingatwaysoffeedingpandas.

D.Sheislookingatwaysofnursingpandas.

參考答案:B

答案解析:

第7題:

2

Whichofthefollowingthingswasnotwhatthesmallgroupofexplorers

did?

A.Theygatheredaroundacampfire.

B.Theydecidednottoclaimtheland.

C.TheynamedthelandYellowStone.

D.Theycampaignedforpreservingtheland.

參考答案:c

答案解析:

第8題:

WhatdowelearnaboutYellowStoneNationalParkfromthetalk?

A.Itwasthesecondlargestnationalparkintheworld.

B.Itwasmadeanationalparkintheearly19thcentury.

C.ItwasmadeanationalparkbyanactoftheCongress.

D.Itconsistsofmanysmallparks.

參考答案:C

答案解析:

第9題:

TheservicesofferedbytheYellowStoneNationalParkinclude

A.campfireconcertsandnaturewalks.

B.naturewalks,speeches,concerts,andguidedtours.

C.guidedtours,campfiredances,andconcerts.

D.naturewalks,guidedtoursandcampfiretalks.

參考答案:D

答案解析:

第10題:

Thetalkisconcernedwithclimateadaptationby.

A.plantsandseaanimals

B.plants,animalsandhumanbeings

C.plants,animalsandhumanbeings

D.birds,plantsandseaanimals

3

參考答案:B

答案解析:

第11題:

InharshconditionsoftheTundra,lowgrowingmossesallhugtheground

forshelter.

A.fromicywinds

B.fromsnowstorms.

C.fromhurricanes

D.fromheavyrains.

參考答案:A

答案解析:

第12題:

Whatanimalsthatarementionedinthetalkhaveanextremelylimited

distribution?

A.thecamelandthebear

B.thecamelandthepenguin

C.thepenguinandthepigeon

D.thepigeonandthebear

參考答案:B

答案解析:

第13題:

Whatdowelearnaboutthewomanfromtheconversation?

A.Sheenjoyscooking.

B.Sheenjoysshopping.

C.Sheenjoyswashing.

D.Sheenjoysbargaining.

參考答案:B

答案解析:

4

第14題:

WhatdoSingaporeansmeanbymarketing?

A.Sellingthingstocustomers

B.Shoppinginthemarket.

C.Bargainingwiththeseller.

D.Negotiatingpricewiththebuyer.

參考答案:B

答案解析:

第15題:

Forhowmanypeoplewasthewomanbuyingfood?

A.12.

B.20.

C.2.

D.22.

參考答案:B

答案解析:

第16題:

Accordingtotheconversation,itseemsthatMalayfoodis

A.sweet

B.salty

C.tasteless

D.spicy

參考答案:D

答案解析:

第17題:

Whatisahackeroriginallydefinedasinthecomputercommunity?

A.Ahighlyskilledcomputerprogrammerwhoiseagertostretchhis,

capabilities.

B.Ahighlyskilledcomputerprogrammerwhocommitscomputercrimes.

5

C.Ahighlyskilledcomputerexpertwholikestoprovideservicefor

customers.

D.Ahighlyskilledcomputerexpertwhoenjoysdoingeverythingona

computer.

參考答案:A

答案解析:

第18題:

Allofthefollowingthingsarementionedasacomputercrimeexcept

A.conductinganantisocialactoftheft.

B.transferringmoneyfromacompanyforone'sownbenefits.

C.providinginaccurateinformationontheInternet.

D.makingdestructiontocomputerprogramsorcomputerfiles.

參考答案:C

答案解析:

第19題:

Whichofthefollowingstatementsisnottrineaboutcomputercrimes?

A.Thenumberofcomputercrimeshasincreased.

B.Lawshavebeenmadetocombatcomputercrimes.

C.Computercrimeshavecausedmanyconcerns.

I).Newlyevolvedcomputercrimescanbetimelystopped.

參考答案:C

答案解析:

第20題:

Tohackintoacomputersystem,hackers.

A.needtosendasignaltotheremotecomputersystem.

B.needtohaveacomputerequippedwithamodem.

C.needtoperformnumerousbusinessfunctions.

D.needtoestablishhisownwebsite.

參考答案:B

答案解析:

6

多項選擇

AtsixteenRonMackiemighthavestayedatschool,butthefuture

calledtohimexcitedly."Getoutoftheclassroomintoajob,“itsaid,

andRonobeyed.Hisfather,supportingthedecision,foundaplacefor

himinasupermarket."You'relucky,Ron,"hesaid.uForeveryboywith

ajobthesedays,there'sadozenwithout."SoRonjoinedtheworkingworld

attwentypoundsaweek.

Forayearhespenthisdaysfillingshelveswithtinsoffood.

Bytheendofthattimehewaslookingbackonhisschooldaysasatime

ofgreatvarietyandsatisfaction.Hesearchedforaninterestinhiswork,

withlittlesuccess.However,Fridayscamearoundunfailinglyandwith

themRon,spay;butthebestthingabouttheplacewasJudyonthecash

desk.Rongotonwellwithallthegirlswhenthemanagerwasnotaround.

Theylikedhimtoo,thoughhedidnotseethat.

OnefinedayinsteadofgoingtoworkRongotaliftonalorry

goingsouth.Withninepoundsinhispocket,afullheartandagreat

longingforthesea,hesetouttomakeabetterwayforhimself.That

evening,inBournemouth,hehadasandwichandadrinkinacaferunby

anelderlymanandhiswife.Beforehehadfinishedthesandwich,thewoman

hadtakenhimonfortherestofthesummer,attwentypoundsaweek,a

roomupstairsandthreemealsaday.Theeaseandspeedofitrathertook

Ron,sbreathaway.AtquiettimesRonhadtochecktheoldman,sarithmetic

intherecordsofthebusiness.

Attheendoftheseason,hestayedonthecoast.Hewasagain

surprisedhowstraightforwarditwasforaboyofseventeentomakea

living.Heworkedinshopsmostly,butoncehetookajobinahotelfor

threeweeks.LateinOctoberhewastakenonbythesickmanagerofashoe

shop,whereawomanandtwogirlsalsoworked.Ronsoonfoundhimselfin

chargethere;hewastheonlyonewhocouldkeepthebooks.Heandthe

girlssharedaflatabovetheshop.Bythistimeheknewtherewassomething

abouthimthatwomenofallagesliked.Hewasnotsurewhatitwas,except

thathefeltwarmandplayfulandsensitivetowardsthem.(415)

3

[聽力原文]

馬克找工作

讓?馬克十六歲時本來可以留在學(xué)校,但是未來令人興奮地呼喚他。''離

開教室去工作吧”,它這樣說,他也就服從了。他的父親支持他的決定,為他在

超市找到一份工作。他說:“讓,你真幸運,現(xiàn)在男孩子找工作不容易,十來個

人才能有一個人找到。”這樣讓就參加了勞動大軍,每周20鎊。

有一年時間他白天作食品罐頭的上架工作。到年底當(dāng)他回想學(xué)校生活時覺

7

得那是一段充滿多樣性和令人滿意的日子,他設(shè)法在工作中尋找趣味,但收效很

少。然而,星期五總是會來的,而且會得到他的工資;但是這個地方最讓他開心

的事是在收款臺工作的朱娣。當(dāng)經(jīng)理不在時,他和所有女孩子關(guān)系都不錯。她們

也喜歡他,而他并未察覺。

有一天很晴朗,他沒上班,而是搭上一個卡車去了南方。他口袋里裝著九

鎊錢,心中充滿對大海的渴望,就這樣上路去找自己的好日子。那天晚上,在伯

尼茅斯,他在一個老人和他的妻子開的咖啡店吃了個三明治,并喝了飲料。他還

未吃完三明治,老太太就讓他在這個夏天為他們工作,每周20鎊,還提供樓上

住房和一日三餐。如此輕易和快地找到工作令他大吃一驚。在靜下來的時候,他

還要檢查老頭子所記下的帳。

夏季結(jié)束時,他仍留在海邊。他又一次感到驚奇的是一個17歲的男孩可

以竟然這樣爽快地自謀生活。他大都在商店工作,但有一次他在一個賓館工作了

三周。十月下旬他在一個患病的鞋店老板處工作,在這里還有一個婦女和兩個女

孩工作。他很快發(fā)現(xiàn)他成了那里的主管,因為他是唯一能記帳的人。他和兩個女

孩同住一套店鋪樓上的公寓。這時他認(rèn)識到他身上有某種東西能讓所有年齡段的

婦女喜歡。他還不清楚,除了他讓人感到親切和幽默以及對她們的體貼以外,還

有什么讓她們喜歡的呢。

第21題:

IttookaboutayearforRontorealizethat.

A.heworkedwel1becausehewasinterestedinthejob.

B.hisworkatthesupermarketwasdull.

C.beingatworkwasmuchbetterthangoingtoschool.

D.thestoremanagerwantedtogetridofhim.

參考答案:B

答案解析:

B他在超市的工作很乏味。細(xì)節(jié)題。見2段3句。A和C與文相反,D文中未提

到。

第22題:

WhydidRonleavethesupermarket?

A.HeknewhewouldfindworkinBournemouth.

B.Hetookajobasalorrydriver.

C.Hegaveupthejobbecausehefeltunwe11.

D.Hewantedtoworkattheseaside.

參考答案:D

答案解析:

D他想在海邊工作。推理題第三段第二句表示他對海有很大的向往。其他各項有

很大迷惑性,其中許多詞都提到,但全句意思與文不符。如B,文中說他搭上一

個卡車并非找到卡車司機的工作,C文中說他放棄了工作但并非因為生病。

第23題:

Atthecafd,Ronwasverysurprisedwhen.

8

A.hewassentupstairstoeathismeal.

B.hefoundhecoulddotheoldman,sarithmetic.

C.thewomantookthesandwichawayfromhim.

D.thewomanofferedhimajob.

參考答案:D

答案解析:

D那婦女給他一份工作。細(xì)節(jié)題,見2段4句其他各項都是部分詞形相同,但全

句意非。

第24題:

Sofarasemploymentwasconcerned,Ronexpected.

A.morehelpthanheactuallygot.

B.tobethemanagerofashop.

C.theproblemstobemuchharder.

D.thewintertobeaneasytime.

參考答案:C

答案解析:

C問題難得多。屬推理題。從最后一段第二句看出,他對找到工作又一次感到驚

訝,說明是出乎意外,而原先想得要難。A與文不符。B與D皆未提及。

第25題:

Ronwasabletotakeovertheshopbecause.

A.hegotonwellwiththewomenthere.

B.heunderstoodtheaccountsofthebusiness.

C.hehadexperienceofsellingbooks.

D.hehadaflataboveit.

參考答案:B

答案解析:

r他懂商業(yè)的賬目。細(xì)節(jié)題末段第五句說到此意。A是迷惑項,文中雖提到他和

那里的女人們關(guān)系好,但他能主管商店的主要原因是他是唯一能管帳的人。C、D

項皆與文不符。

Therearetwomainthingsthatmakeaircraftengineeringdifficult:

theneedtomakeeverycomponentasreliableaspossibleandtheneedto

buildeverythingaslightaspossible.Thefactthatanaeroplaneisup

intheairandcannotstopifanythinggoeswrong,makesitperhapsamatter

oflifeordeaththatitsperformanceisabsolutelydependable.

Givenacertainpowerofengine,andconsequentlyacertainfuel

consumption,thereisapracticallimittothetotalweightofaircraft

thatcanbemadetofly.Outofthatweightasmuchaspossibleiswanted

forfuel,radionavigationalinstruments,passengerseats,orfreight

9

room,and,ofcourse,thepassengersorfreightthemselves.Sothe

structureoftheaircrafthastobeassmallandlightassafetyand

efficiencywillallow.Thedesignermustcalculatethenormalloadthat

eachpartwillbear.Thisspecialistiscalledtheustressman”.Hetakes

accountofanyunusualstressthatmaybeputonthepartasaprecaution

againsterrorsinmanufacture,accidentaldamage,etc.

Thestressman'scalculationsgotothedesignerofthepart,

andhemustmakeitasstrongasthestressmansaysisnecessary.One

ortwosamplesarealwaystestedtoprovethattheyareasstrongasthe

designerintended.Eachseparatepartistested,thenawholeassembly

----forexample,acompletewing,andfinallythewholeaeroplane.When

anewtypeofaeroplaneisbeingmade,normallyonlyoneofthefirstthree

madewillbeflown.Twowillbedestroyedonthegroundinstructuraltests.

Thethirdonewillbetestedintheair.

Twokindsofgroundstrengthtestsarecarriedout.Thefirst

istofindtheresistancetoloadingofthewings,tail,etc.untilthey

reachtheirmaximumloadandcollapse.Theothertestisforfatigue

strength.Relativelysmallloadsareappliedthousandsoftimes.Eachmay

bewellunderwhatthestructurecouldstandasasingleload,butmany

repetitionscanresultincollapse.Oneformofthistestisdoneonthe

passengercabin.Itisfilledwithairathighpressureasforhigh一

altitudeflyingandcompletelysubmergedinalargetankofwaterwhile

thetestisgoingon.Thesurroundingwaterpreventsthecabinfrom

burstinglikeabombifthereisafailure.

Whenaplanehaspassedallthetestsitcangetagovernment

certificateofairworthiness,withoutwhichitisillegaltofly,except

fortestflying.(433words)

3

[聽力原文]

航空工程

有兩件使航空工程感到艱難的事:需要讓每個部分盡可能可靠以及需要把

一切造得盡可能輕。因為飛機在空中,一旦有故障無法停止,所以它的性能要絕

對可靠,這也許是與生死相關(guān)的事。

設(shè)發(fā)動機的功率為定數(shù),因此燃料耗量也為定數(shù),那么能飛行的飛機的總

重量也有實際的限量。在這個重量中要有盡可能多的燃料,無線電航空儀器、乘

客坐椅、或貨艙,當(dāng)然還有乘客或貨物本身。因此,飛機結(jié)構(gòu)的體積和重量應(yīng)該

依據(jù)安全和效率的要求。設(shè)計者必須標(biāo)出每個部件所能承擔(dān)的負(fù)載。這種專家叫

作“應(yīng)力專家”。他列出所有可能在部件產(chǎn)生的不正常的應(yīng)力以預(yù)防制造、事故

損壞等情況下的誤差。

應(yīng)力專家的計算送到部件的設(shè)計師那里,他必須使部件的強度符合應(yīng)力專

10

家的要求??偸且獪y試一兩個樣品以證實它們的強度和設(shè)計師所要求的一樣。先

測試每一個部件,然后整個集成件,如整個翼,最后整個飛機。當(dāng)制造新飛機時,

通常只有前三個中的一個去飛行。兩個將在結(jié)構(gòu)試驗時在地上毀壞。第三個將在

空中測試。

有兩種地面強度測試。第一個是找出翼、尾等對負(fù)載的阻力,直到它們達

到它們最大的破壞和負(fù)載值。另一個是測試疲勞強度。較小的測試要進行數(shù)千次。

一個結(jié)構(gòu)經(jīng)受一次負(fù)載測試可能很好,但經(jīng)多次重復(fù)后就會破壞。一種測試是在

客艙進行的。它充滿象在高空飛行時一樣的高壓空氣,在測試進行時完全放入一

大水箱中,周圍的水會保護客艙在出事時不會象炸彈一樣爆炸。

當(dāng)飛和通討所有這些測試時,它會得到政府的飛行證書。無此證飛行是非

法的,試飛例外。

第26題:

Thetwomainrequirementsofaircraftdesignare.

A.speedandcheapness

B.reliabilityandpassengercomfort

C.makingthingsbothlightanddependable

D.abilitytostayupintheairandavoidbreakdowns

參考答案:C

答案解析:

C使部件既輕又可靠。從首段1句可推出此答案。系推理細(xì)節(jié)題。與原文用詞有

異。但是異曲同工。A速度和便宜。B可靠性及旅客的舒適。D停在空中并可避

免破壞的能力。此三項皆為迷惑項。凡想當(dāng)然者必上當(dāng)。要在文中找出證據(jù)。

第27題:

Themaximumpossibleweightofanaircraftisdeterminedby.

A.theenginepower

B.theamountoffreightroom

C.thenumberofpassengers

D.internationalregulations

參考答案:A

答案解析:

A發(fā)動機功率。為推理題。從2段1句可推出此答案。由功率決定油耗量以飛機

總重量。B貨倉量及C旅客人數(shù)都取決于A。D國際規(guī)定,文中未提。

第28題:

Thestressman,sjobistocalculate.

A.howsafetheplaneis

B.howstrongeachpartmustbe

C.whatheighttheplanewillflyat

D.theamountofluggageeachpassengermaycarry

參考答案:B

11

答案解析:

B每個部件應(yīng)有多大強度。為詞義猜測及細(xì)節(jié)題。2段4、5句說明應(yīng)力專家要

算出每個部件能承受多大負(fù)載,即是有多大強度之意。A飛機有多安全。C飛機

能飛多大高度。D每位乘客可帶多少行李。這三項似乎有理,但不是應(yīng)力專家的

工作。

第29題:

Thefirstthreeaeroplanesofanewtype.

A.arealldestroyed

B.donotfly

C.arelaterbrokenupforspareparts

D.areusedfortestingpurposes

參考答案:D

答案解析:

D用于試驗?zāi)康?,推理題。見3段最后3句。2個毀于地面結(jié)構(gòu)測試,第3個在

空中測試,都用于試驗。A都被毀。B不飛行。C后都因部件而毀。此3項皆與

文不符。

第30題:

Thepassengercabintestinwaterisdesignedto______.

A.makesuretheplanewouldbesafeifitlandedinwater

B.testfatiguestrength

C.seeifthecabinwillburst1ikeabomb

I),keepthecabincool

參考答案:B

答案解析:

B測試疲勞強度。為推理細(xì)節(jié)題。從4段3句及6句可推出這一細(xì)節(jié)。3句說另

一種是測試疲勞強度的。6句說一種形式的這種測試是在客艙進行的。A確保飛

機落水時的安全,為一迷惑項,恁想當(dāng)然就會錯。C看是否客艙會象炸彈一樣爆

炸,為一干擾項。似與4段末句有關(guān),但意思兩樣。原文說會保護客艙如出事會

象炸彈一樣爆炸。D保護客艙涼爽。也是想當(dāng)然的推測。文中未提。

Onanaverageofsixtimesaday,adoctorinHollandpractices"active”

euthanasia:intentionallyadministeringalethaldrugtoaterminallyill

patientwhohasaskedtoberelievedofsuffering.Twentytimesaday,

life-prolongingtreatmentiswithheldorwithdrawnwhenthereisnohope

thatitcaneffectanultimatecure."Active“euthanasiaremainsacrime

ontheDutchstatutebookspunishableby12yearsinprison.①[Buta

seriesofcourtcasesoverthepast15yearshasmadeitclearthata

competentphysicianwhocarriesitoutwillnotbeprosecuted.]

Euthanasia,oftencalledamercykilling,isacrimeeverywhere

inWesternEurope.Butmore

12

andmoredoctorsandnursesinBritain,WestGermany,Hollandand

elsewherereadilyadmittopracticingit,mostofteninthe“passive”

formofwithholdingorwithdrawingtreatment.Thelongsimmering

euthanasiaissuehaslatelyboiledoverintoasometimesfiercepublic

debate,withbothsidesclaimingthemantleofultimaterighteousness.

Thoseopposedtothepracticeseethemselves

up-holdingsacredprinciplesofrespectforlife,whilethoseinfavor

raisethebannerofhumanetreatment.Afteryearsonthedefensive,the

advocatesnowseemtobegainingground.RecentpollsinBritainshowthat

72percentofBritishsubjectsfavoreuthanasiainsomecircumstances.

Anastonishing76percentofrespondentstoapolltakenlatelastyear

inFrancesaidtheywouldlikethelawchangedtodecriminalizemercy

killings.

Reasonsforthelatestsurgeofinterestineuthanasiaarenot

hardtofind.Europeans,likeAmericans,arenowlivinglonger.The

averageEuropeanmalenowlivestotheageof72,womentoalmost80.As

DerekHumphrey,aleadingBritishadvocateof“rationaleuthanasia”

says,“l(fā)ingeringchronicdiseaseshavereplacedcriticalillnessesasthe

primarycauseofdeath.”

Andsotheeuthanasistshavebeguntopresstheircasewith

greaterforce.②[Theyarguethateveryhumanbeingshouldhavetheright

to“diewithdignity,“bywhichtheyusuallymeantherighttoescapethe

horrorsofapainfulordegradinghospitalization.]Mostadvocatesof

voluntaryeuthanasiahasarguedthattherighttodieshouldbeaccorded

onlytotheterminallyandincurablyill,butthemovementalsoincludes

asmallminoritywhobelieveineuthanasiaforanyonewhorationally

decidestotakehisownlife.

Thatrightisunlikelytogetlegalrecognitionanytimeinthe

nearfuture.EvenintheNetherlands,theproposalsnowbeforeParliament

wouldrestricteuthanasiatoasmallnumberofcasesandwouldsurround

eventhosewithelaboratesafeguards.

注釋

lethal[adj.]致死的,致命的prosecute[v.]起訴,控訴

mantle[n.]蓋,罩;保護simmering[adj.]沸騰的,熱烈的

第31題:

AccordingtoParagraph1,whichofthefollowingisnottrue?

A.”Active“euthanasiaisregardedasacrimebyDutchlaw.

B.Thedoctorwhocarriedouteuthanasiawillbecharged.

C.Anunqualifieddoctorcarryingouteuthanasiawillbeaccused.

D.”Active”euthanasiaexecutiveswillbesentencedto12years

13

imprisonment.

參考答案:B

答案解析:

這是一篇有關(guān)安樂死的文章。作者從正反兩方面反映了人們對安樂死的觀點。反

對實施安樂死術(shù)的人認(rèn)為必須尊重生命的神圣原則,而主張實施安樂死的人則認(rèn)

為每個人都有權(quán)利“體面地死去”。醞釀已久的安樂死術(shù)問題在歐洲進行了激烈

的公開辯論。B這是一道細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第一段表達的意思,實行安樂死在荷蘭

法律上是有罪的,但實際情況是,稱職的執(zhí)行“積極”安樂死術(shù)的醫(yī)生是不會受

到起訴的。故A、C、D表達的內(nèi)容確,選擇B。

第32題:

Euthanasiaisoftencalled“mercykilling”,whichimpliesthat.

A.peopleshouldshowsympathyforaterminallyillpatient

B.somedoctorsmurderpatientsshieldingthemselvesfrommercy

C.humanetreatmenttodyingpatientsshouldberequired

D.thedyingpatientsaresufferingfromthepainandtheydon'twant

toliveon

參考答案:C

答案解析:

C這是一道推斷題。根據(jù)第二段所表達的意思,“憐憫致死術(shù)”的主張者認(rèn)為應(yīng)

高舉人道對待病人的大旗,使病人無痛苦,體面地離開世界。A、B項則從“mercy

killing"的表面含義來理解,故錯誤。D在文中沒有提及,不能確定為正確答

案。

第33題:

Mostadvocatesofvoluntaryeuthanasiaholdtheopinionthat.

A.onlyterminallyillpatientscanhaveeuthanasia

B.ifanyonewhorationallydecidestoendhislife,hecanhave

euthanasia

C.peopleshouldrespectforlife

D.nomatterwhatpunishmenttheyget,they,11carryouteuthanasia

topatients

參考答案:A

答案解析:

A這是一道細(xì)節(jié)題。文中第四段說明了多數(shù)安樂死術(shù)倡導(dǎo)者主張,死亡權(quán)應(yīng)只給

那些晚期不治之癥患者,故A符合其含義。B項只表達了主張安樂死的人中少數(shù)

派的觀點,不能代表全體。C項表達了反對安樂死的人的觀點。D項則未在

patients前加以限定,屬明顯錯誤。

第34題:

Theauthor'sattitudestowardseuthanasiais.

14

A.positive

B.negative

C.objective

D.uncertain

參考答案:C

答案解析:

C這是一道綜合推斷題。在全文中,作者只是非??陀^地介紹了安樂死術(shù)的情況

及其支持者和反對者的觀點。沒有滲入個人感情,故C正確。

第35題:

InParagraph2,“boiledovernmeans.

A.burst(into)

B.makethewaterhotenoughtoboil

C.causegreatanger

D.fightoneanother

參考答案:A

答案解析:

A此為一道詞匯猜測詞。根據(jù)原句"Thelongsimmeringeuthanasiaissuehas

latelyboiledoverintoasometimesfiercepublicdebate,??.“判斷出

boiledover為“爆發(fā)了”之意。B項則使理解停留在詞匯表面,未能深挖內(nèi)涵。

C、D項則偏離主題。

Ourbasicneedsaresimple,butouradditionalindividualwantsare

oftenverycomplex.Commoditiesofdifferentkindssatisfyourwantsin

differentways.Abanana,abottleofmedicineandatextbooksatisfyvery

differentwants.Thebananacannotsatisfythesamewantsasthetextbook.

Thischaracteristicofsatisfyingawantisknownineconomics

asits“utility”.Utility,however,shouldnotbeconfusedwithusefulness.

Forexample,asubmarinemayormaynotbeusefulintimeofpeace,but

itsatisfiesawant.Manynationswantsubmarines.Economistssaythat

utilitydetermines“therelationshipbetweenaconsumerandacommodity”.

Utilityvariesbetweendifferentpeopleandbetweendifferent

nations.Avegetariandoesnotwantmeat,butmayratetheutilityof

bananasveryhighly,whileameat-eatermayprefersteak.①[A

mountain-republiclikeSwitzerlandhaslittleinterestinsubmarines,

whilemaritimesnationsratethemhighly.]

Inmosteconomicsystems,thepricesofthemajorityofgoods

andservicesdonotchangeovershortperiodsoftime.Insomesystems

itisofcoursepossibleforanindividualtobargainoverprices,because

theyarenotfixedinadvance.Ingeneralterms,however,theindividual

cannotchangethepricesofthecommoditieshewants.Whenplanninghis

expenditure,hemustthereforeacceptthesefixedprices.Hemustalso

15

paythissamefixedpricenomatterhowmanyunitshebuys.Aconsumer

willgoonbuyingbananasforaslongashecontinuestobesatisfied.

Ifhebuysmore,heshowsthathissatisfactionisstillgreaterthanhis

dislikeoflosingmoney.Witheachsuccessivepurchase,however,his

satisfactioncompensateslessforthelossofmoney.

Apointintimecomeswhenthefinancialsacrificeisgreater

thanthesatisfactionofeatingbananas.Theconsumerwillthereforestop

buyingbananasatthecurrentprice.Thebananasareunchanged;theyare

nobetterorworsethanbefore.Theirmarginalutilitytotheconsumer

has,however,changed.Ifthepricehadbeenhigher,hemighthavebought

fewerbananas;ifthepricehadbeenlower,hemighthaveboughtmore.

Itisclearfromthisargumentthatthenatureofacommodity

remainsthesame,butitsutilitychanges.②[Thischangeindicatesthat

aspecialrelationshipexistsbetweengoodsandservicesontheonehand,

andaconsumerandhismoneyontheotherhand.]Theconsumer'sdesire

foracommoditytendstodiminishashebuysmoreunitsofthatcommodity.

EconomistscallthistendencytheLawofDiminishingMarginalUtility.

注釋

marginalutility[n.]邊際效應(yīng)

第36題:

Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?

A.EconomicSystems

B.UtilityandPrices

C.ComplexIndividualDemands

D.UtilityandtheNatureofaCommodity

參考答案:B

答案解析:

我們的基本要求是簡單的,可是我們額外的個人需求往往是極為復(fù)雜的。各種不

同的商品以不同的方式滿足我們的需求。這種滿足需求的屬性在經(jīng)濟學(xué)中被稱為

“效用”。效用不等于有用性。效用在不同的人之間與不同的國家之間是不相同

的。效用與價格之間既有聯(lián)系又有區(qū)別。B這是一道綜合判斷題。作者主要寫

了效用的定義及與價格之間的關(guān)系,故B項正確,D項錯誤。A項波及范圍太廣

泛,“utilityandpricesv只是其中一方面。C則表示復(fù)雜的個體需求,是

“utilityandprices”中的一部分。

第37題:

Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?

A.Usefulnesscan,tbeexpressedbyutility.

B.Asubmarine,whichmaynotbeusefulinpeacetimebutusefulduring

16

thewartime.

C.Asubmarinemaynotbeusefulbutitmeetspeople'sneeds.

D.Alltheabovementioned.

參考答案:D

答案解析:

D這是一道細(xì)節(jié)題。文中第二段提到,不應(yīng)該把效用和有用性混為一談。例如,

一般潛水艇在和平時期可能有用也可能沒有用,但它滿足一種需求,很多國家需

要水艇。選項中A、B、C皆符合上述內(nèi)容,故全都正確。

第38題:

Underwhatcircumstancewilltheconsumernotgoonbuyingbananas?

A.Theconsumerisnotsatisfiedwiththebananas.

B.Theconsumerloseshismoney.

C.Thepriceofbananasgetshigher

D.Thefinancialsacrificeis,greaterthanthesatisfactionofeating

bananas.

參考答案:D

答案解析:

D這是一道細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)作者在文中第六、七段表達的意思、,一個消費者買香蕉,

只要他還是滿意的,他就會一直買下去。如果他繼續(xù)買香蕉,那就表明他滿意的

心情仍大于他舍不得在金錢上受損失的心情。然而當(dāng)金錢

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