高考英語真題分類匯編15社會生活、說理議論類

1.[2015?湖北卷】A

“Iseeyou'vegotabitofwateronyourcoat,“saidthemanatthepetrol

station."Isitrainingoutthere?”“No,it'sprettynice,“Ireplied,checking

mysleeve."Oh,right.Apony（馬駒）bitmeearlier.w

Asithappened,thebitewasvirtuallypainless:morethekindofsmallbiteyou

mightgetfromanaughtychild.Theponyresponsiblewasqueuingupforsomeicecream

inthecarparknearHaytor,andperhapsthoughtI'djumpedinaheadofhim.

ThereasonwhytheponiesherearenaughtyisthatHaytorisatourist-heavyarea

andtouristsareconstantlyfeedingtheponiesfoods,despitesighsaskingthemnot

to.Byfeedingtheponies,touristsincreasetheriskofthemgettinghitbyacar,

andmakethemhardertogatherduringthearea'sannualponydrift（遷移）.

Thepurposeofaponydriftistogatherthemupsotheirhealthcanbechecked,

thebabyonescanbestoopedfromfeedingontheirmother?smilk,andthosewho've

gonebeyondtheirlimitedareacanbereturnedtotheircorrectarea.Someofthem

arealsolatersold,inordertolimitthenumberofponiesaccordingtotherules

setbyNaturalEngland.

Threeweeksago,Iwitnessedasmallnear-disasterafewmilswestofhere.While

walking,Inoticedaponyrolloveronhisback."Hello!”Isaidtohim,assuming

hewasjustrollingforfun,buthewasverystilland,asIgotcloser,Isawhim

kickinghislegsintheairandbreathingheavily.Ibegantoproperlyworryabout

him.Fortunately,ImanagedtogetintouchwithaDartmoorJsLivestockProtection

officerandsendheraphoto.Theofficerimmediatelysentalocalfarmerouttocheck

onthepony.Theponyhadactuallybeentrappedbetweentworocks.Thefarmerfreed

him,andhebegantorunhappilyaroundagain.

Dartmoorhas1,000orsoponies,whoplayacriticalroleincreatingthediversity

ofspeciesinthisarea.Manypeopleareworkinghardtopreservetheseponies,and

tryingtocomeupwithplanstofindasustainable（可持續(xù)的）futureforoneof

Dartmoor?smostfinancially-troubledelements.

51.Whyaretouristsaskednottofeedtheponies?

A.Toprotectthetouristsfrombeingbitten

B.Tokeeptheponiesoffthepetrolstation

C.Toavoidputtingtheponiesindanger

D.Topreventtheponiesfromfighting

52.Oneofthepurposesoftheannualponydriftis

A.tofeedbabyponiesonmilk

B.tocontrolthenumberofponies

C.toexpandthehabitatforponies

D.toselltheponiesatagoodprice

53.Whatastheauthor'sfirstreactionwhenhesawaponyrollonitsback?

A.Hefreeditfromthetrap

B.Hecalledaprotectionofficer

C.Heworriedaboutitverymuch

D.Hethoughtofitasbeingnaughty

54.WhatdoestheauthorimplyaboutthepreservationofDartmoor?sponies?

A.Itlackspeople'sinvolvement.

B.Itcostsalargeamountofmoney

C.ItwillaffecttourisminDartmoor.

D.Ithascausedanimbalanceofspecies

【解析】

試題分析：這是一篇夾敘夾議文。本文記敘了作者在Haytor關(guān)于馬駒的所見所聞，目睹了馬駒的淘氣與脆

弱，了解了馬駒遷徙的原因以及保護馬駒面臨的困難。

51.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段尾句"Byfeedingtheponies,touristsincreasetheriskofthemgettinghitbyacar：

andmakethemhardertogatherduringthearea-sannualponydrift（遷移）.“可知不讓游客給馬駒喂食是為了避免

使馬駒處于危險中。故選C項。

52.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段內(nèi)容'Thepurposeofaponydriftisto...Someofthemarealsoinordertolimit

thenumberofponies…”可知馬駒遷移目的之一是為了控制馬駒的數(shù)蚩。故選B項。

53.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中的"…,assuminghewasjustrollingforfun,…”可知作者認(rèn)為小馬駒很淘氣,

滾著玩的。故選D項。

54.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中尾句"NIanypeopleareworkinghardtopreservetheseponies：andtryingto

comeupwithplanstofindasustainable（可持續(xù)的）futureforoneofDartmoor'smostfinancially-troubled

elements”可知保護馬駒是對Dartmoor來說是一筆很大的開銷。故選B項。

【考點定位】夾敘夾議文閱讀

【名師點睛】夾敘夾議文是近幾年高考經(jīng)常涉及的一類文體，文章一方面敘述事情，另一方

面又對事情加以評論，此類文章一般先提出論點，然后以事例說明論點，最后得出結(jié)論，或

者一邊敘述事情經(jīng)過，一邊對事情加以分析評論，文章最后一段用一句概括性的話點明主題，

將敘述和議論有機地結(jié)合起來，其中“敘”是“議”的基礎(chǔ)，“議”是“敘”的滲透和延伸。

考生要注意在通讀全文的基礎(chǔ)上弄清文章結(jié)構(gòu)，閱讀時重點要放在議論部分，因為該部分表

達了作者的觀點或看法，是文章的精贛。理解了作者的觀點和看法，也就把握了全文的主要

內(nèi)容。本文難度不大，通過作者與小馬的“親密接觸”介紹了英國達特穆爾荒原淘氣的矮種

馬，散發(fā)出濃濃的英倫風(fēng)。

2.[2015?湖北卷】C

Hilversumisamedium-sizedcitybetweenthemajorcitiesofAmsterdamandUtrecht

intheGooiareaofNorthHolland,theNetherlands.UnlikemostoftheNetherlands,

Hilversumisactuallyinahillyareawiththesoilmostlyconsistingofsand.Once

calledtheGardenofAmsterdam,itstillattractstravelerstocomeovertocycle

andwalkthroughthesurroundingforests.Theyvisititforarelaxingdayofffrom

theurbanmadness.ForDutchpeople,HiIversumisallabouttextile（紡織）andmedia

industries,andmodernarchitecture.

Inhistory,Hilversumwaslargelyanagriculturalarea.Dailylifewasmarked

byfarming,sheepraisingandwoolproduction.ArailwaylinktoAmsterdamin1874

attractedrichtradersfromAmsterdamtoHilversum.Theybuildthemselveslargevillas

（另U墅）inthewoodedsurroundingsofthetown.Oneofthefamiliesmovinginwasthe

Brenninkmeijers,currentlythewealthiestfamilyoftheNetherlands.Theymovedin

afterbigsuccessinthetextileindustryandaidedasubstantialtextileindustry

inHilversum.Butthetextileboomlastedonlyseveraldecades.Thelastfactoryclosed

inthe1960s.

Thechangetoamediaeconomystartedin1920,whentheNederlandse

SeintoestedllenFabriek（NSF）establishedaradiofactoryinHiversum.Mostradio

stationscalledinthelargevillasintheleafyareasofthetown.Televisiongave

anotherpushtothelocaleconomy.Hilversumbecamethemediacapitalofthe

Netherlands,andDutchtelevisonstarsmovedintotheleafyneighborhoodssurrounding

thetown.

Intheearly1900s,modernarchitctsW.M.DudokandJ.Duikerplacedhundreds

ofremarkablebuildingsinHilversum.Thesemodernarchitecturalmasterpieces（杰

作）aresomanythatHilversumalmostfeelslikeanopenairmuseum.Dudokaloneshaped

most20thcenturyHilversumandapproximately75buildingsin1928-1931.Ithaswide

internationalfameandisincludedinmanyarchitecturetextbooks.Thebuildinghas

aremarkableshapeandlookslikeacombinationof“blocks”.Actually,onemaystart

hisjourneyofmodernarchitecturebywalkingorbikingtheW.M.DudokArchitectural

RouteinHilversum.

59.HilversumisdifferentfrommostoftheNetherlandsinthat.

A.ithasalargepopulation

B.itiscutofffrombigcities

C.ithasmanybeautifulgardens

D.itisinahillyareawithsandysoil

60.WhatwasthegreatestcontributionoftheBrenninkmeijerstoHilversum?

A.BuildingarailwaylinktoAmsterdam

B.Helpingitstextileindustrytodevelop

C.Constructinglargevillasforthepoor

D.Assistingitsagriculturalindustry

61.ThebeginningofthemediaindustryinHilversumwasmarkedbytheestablishment

of.

A.aradiofactory

B.themedialcapital

C.aradiostation

D.aTVstation

62.WhatisknownaboutW.M.Dudok'sIlilversumTownHall?

A.Itconsistsofapproximately75buildings

B.Itlookslikeanopenairmuseuminthecity

C.Itisaclassicexampleinarchitecturetextbooks

D.Ithasshapedmostof20thcenturyllilvesum.

【解析】

試題分析：本文是一篇說明文。介紹了荷蘭Hilversum這一地區(qū)的地貌特征、工業(yè)發(fā)展和現(xiàn)

代建筑。

59.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)首段第二句"UnlikemostoftheNetherlands,Hilversumisactually

ahillyarea…”可知Hilversum不同于荷蘭其他地方之處在于它屬于沙土丘陵地帶。故選

D項。

60.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段倒數(shù)第三句"Theymovedinafterbigsuccessinthetextile

industryandaidedasubstantialtextileindustryinIIilversum,,可知Brennikmeijers

為Hilversum的紡織業(yè)做出了巨大的貢獻。故選B項。

61.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段首句“Thechangetoamediaeconomystartedin1920,???

establishedaradiofactoryinHilversum”可知Hilversum傳媒業(yè)興起的興起是以一家

無線電廠的建立為標(biāo)志的。故選A項。

62.C推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段倒數(shù)第三、四句"Hismasterpiece…Ithaswide

internationalfameandisincludedinmanyarchitecturetextbooks,,可知W.M.DudokJs

HilversumTownHall是建筑教科書中的一個典范。故選C項。

【考點定位】說明文閱讀

【名師點睛】說明文用平實的語言客觀地解釋或探討各種問題，如機器的制造過程、自然或

社會現(xiàn)象產(chǎn)生的原因、工程項目的規(guī)劃或問題的解決方案等，介紹自然科學(xué)、社會科學(xué)領(lǐng)域

的最新成果，社會經(jīng)濟發(fā)展過程中出現(xiàn)的新生事物等。本文雖短短幾段，卻囊括了荷蘭小鎮(zhèn)

Hilversum的前世今生，把一個不怎么出名的小城栩栩如生地呈現(xiàn)在中國讀者的眼前。

3.[2015?湖北卷】E

Sciencehasalotofuses.Itcanuncoverlawsofnature,curediseases,make

bombs,andhelpbridgestostandup.Indeedscienceissogoodatwhatitdoesthat

theresalwaysatemptation（誘惑）todragitintoproblemswhereitmaynotbehelpful.

DavidBrooks,authorofTheSocialAnimal:TheHiddenSourcesofLove,Character,and

Achievement,appearstobethelatestinalonglineofwriterswhohavefailedto

resistthetemptation.

Brooksgainedfameforseveralbooks.HislatestbookTheSocialAnimal,however,

ismoreambitiousandseriousthanhisearlierbooks.Itisanattempttodealwith

asetofweightytopics.Thebookfocusesonbigquestions:Whathassciencerevealed

abouthumannature?Whatarethesourcesofcharacter?Andwhyaresomepeoplehappy

andsuccessfulwhileothersaren,t?

Toanswerthesequestions,Brookssurveysawiderangeofdisciplines（學(xué)科）.

Consideringthis,youmightexpectthebooktobeadryrecitationoffacts.ButBrooks

hasstructuredhisbookinanunorthodox（非常規(guī)的），andperhapsunfortunate,way.

Insteadofintroducingscientifictheories,hetellsastory,withinwhichhetries

tomakehispoints,perhapsinordertokeepthereaderJsattention.SoasHarold

andErica,theheroandheroineinhisstory,livethroughchildhood,wehearabout

thescienceofchilddevelopmentandastheybegintodatewehearaboutthetheory

ofsexualattraction.Brookscarriesthisthroughtothedeathofoneofhis

characters.

Onthewhole,Brooks,sstoryisacceptableifuninspired.Asonewouldexpect,

hiswritingismostlyclearand,tobefair,somechaptersstandoutabovetherest.

Ienjoyed,forinstance,thechapterinwhichHarolddiscovershowtothinkonhis

own.WhileHaroldandEricaarecertainlynotstrongormemorablecharacters,the

moreseriousproblemswithTheSocialAnimallieelsewhere.Theseproblemspartly

involveBrooks'sattempttotranslatehistaleintoscience.

67.Theauthormentionsthefunctionsofscienceatthebeginningofthepassage

to.

A.illustratewheresciencecanbeapplied

B.demonstratethevalueofBrooks'snewbook

C.remindthereaderoftheimportanceofscience

D.explainwhymanywritersusescienceintheirworks

68.Accordingtotheauthor,whichofthefollowingcouldbeastrengthofthebook?

A.Itsstrongbasis.

B.Itsconvincingpoints.

C.Itsclearwriting.

D.Itsmemorablecharacters.

69.Whatistheauthor'sgeneralattitudetowardsthebook?

A.Contradictory.

B.Supportive.

C.Cautious.

D.Critical.

70.Whatistheauthorlikelytowriteaboutafterthelastparagraph?

A.Problemswiththebook.

B.Brooks'slifeexperience.

C.Deathofthecharacters.

D.Brooks'stranslationskills.

【解析】

試題分析：本文是一篇議論文。文章先列舉出科學(xué)的許多功能，接著指出科學(xué)有巨大的誘惑

力，以致許多作家抵擋不住這種誘惑，在文學(xué)作品中運用到科學(xué)。并以Brooks的新書The

socialanimal為例，批判地分析這本書的優(yōu)勢和不足。

67.D寫作用意題。首段第一、二句首先列舉出科學(xué)的許多功能，接著指出科學(xué)有巨大的誘惑

力，以致許多作家抵擋不住這種誘惑，在文學(xué)作品中運用到科學(xué)。故選D項。

68.C推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“…，hiswritingismostlyclearand,tobefair,

somechaptersstandoutabovetherest.Ienjoyed,…”可知作者認(rèn)為寫作思路清晰是

這本書的一大優(yōu)勢。故選C項。

69.D觀點態(tài)度題。最后一段中的鏈接詞“while”之前是這本書的優(yōu)勢，其后作者指出了其不

足。因此作者對這部書持批判的態(tài)度。故選D項。

70.A篇章結(jié)構(gòu)題。文章最后一段中鏈接詞“while”后面部分開始談?wù)撨@本書存在的問題。

因此緊接著作者應(yīng)該還是在寫這本的不足。故選A項。

【考點定位】議論文閱讀

【名師點睛】議論說理類文章具有以下特點：1.一般按提出問題、分析問題、解決問題的方

法寫作。作者一般從日常生活中的熱點問題、社會上的重大問題、與讀者息息相關(guān)的問題入

手，即提出問題。然后，分析利弊，舉例說明，推理判斷，即分析問題。最后，闡述觀點，

提出辦法，即解決問題。2.以作者的觀點或情感為核心，對細(xì)節(jié)推理等方面進行考查。3.文

章的主題一般是生活中的熱點問題、重大問題或與生活息息相關(guān)的問題等。考生應(yīng)注意抓住

作者提出的觀點、給出的例證及最后得出的結(jié)論。同時，理清作為論據(jù)的諸多事例和理由之

間以及它們和觀點/結(jié)論之間的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系，把握文章的結(jié)構(gòu)。

4.[2015?北京卷】D

Technologicalchangeiseverywhereandaffectseveryaspectoflife,mostlyforthe

better.However,socialchangesarebroughtaboutbynewtechnologyareoftenmistaken

forachangeinattitudes.

Anexampleathandistheinvolvementofparentsinthelivesoftheirchildrenwho

areattendingcollege.Surveys（調(diào)查）onthistopicsuggeststhatparentstoday

continuetobe"very”or"somewhat”overly-protectiveevenaftertheirchildren

moveintocollegedormitories.Thesamesurveysalsoindicatethattherateofparental

involvementisgreatertodaythanitwasagenerationago.Thisisusuallyinterpreted

asasignthattoday'sparentsaretryingtomanagetheirchildren'slivespast

thepointwherethisbehaviorisappropriate.

However,greaterparentalinvolvementdoesnotnecessarilyindicatethatparentsare

failingtoletgooftheir“adult“children.

Inthecontext（背景）ofthisdiscussion,itseemsvaluabletofirstfindoutthe

causeofchangeinthecaseofparents'involvementwiththeirgrownchildren.If

parentsofearliergenerationshadwantedtobeintouchwiththeircollege-age

childrenfrequently,wouldthishavebeenpossible?Probablynot.Ontheotherhand,

doesthepossibilityoffrequentcommunicationtodaymeanthattheurgetodoso

wasn'tpresentagenerationago?Manystudiesshowthatolderparents-today?s

grandparents-wouldhavecalledtheirchildrenmoreoftenifthemeansandcostof

doingsohadnotbeenabarrier.

Furthermore,studiesshowthatfinancesarethemostfrequentsubjectofcommunication

betweenparentsandtheircollegechildren.Thefactthatcollegestudentsare

financiallydependentontheirparentsisnothingnew;norarerequestsformoremoney

tobesentfromhome.Thisphenomenonisneithergoodnorbad;itisafactofcollege

life,todayandinthepast.

Thankstotheadvancedtechnology,weliveinanageofbetteredcommunication.This

hasmanyimplicationswellbeyondtherolethatparentsseemtoplayinthelivesof

theirchildrenwhohaveleftforcollege.Butitisusefultobearinmindthat,all

suchchangescomefromthetechnologyandnotsomeimagineddesirebyparentstokeep

theirchildrenundertheirwings.

67.Thesurveysinformusof.

A.thedevelopmentoftechnology

B.thechangesofadultchildren,sbehavior

C.theparents'over-protectionoftheircollegechildren

D.themeansandexpensesofstudents'communication

68.Thewriterbelievesthat.

A.parentstodayaremoreprotectivethanthoseinthepast

B.thedisadvantagesofnewtechnologyoutweighitsadvantages

C.technologyexplainsgreaterparentalinvolvementwiththeirchildren

D.parents'changedattitudesleadtocollegechildren'sdelayedindependence

69.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?

A.TechnologyorAttitude

B.DependenceorIndependence

C.FamilyInfluenceorSocialChanges

D.CollegeManagementorCommunicationAdvancement

70.Whichofthefollowingshowsthedevelopmentofideasinthispassage?

I：IntroductionP；PointSp：Sub-point（次要點）

C：Conclusion

【解析】

試題分析：以父母對于上大學(xué)的成年子女過度保護的問題為例，提出了科技帶來的一些改變

容易被誤認(rèn)為態(tài)度的改變的論點.

67.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。答案在第二段第二句話，parentstodaycontinuestobe"very"or

“somewhat“overly-protectiveevenaftertheirchildrenmoveintocollege

dormitories”調(diào)查顯示現(xiàn)在的父母在孩子上大學(xué)之后仍然非?；蛘吣撤N程度上地過度保護

子女。故選C。

68.C觀點態(tài)度題。第三段作者提出調(diào)查的結(jié)果并不能理解為現(xiàn)在的家長對孩子不放手，接下

來的兩段作者論述了出現(xiàn)這種結(jié)果的真正原因是科技的發(fā)展使得交流手段更豐富，成本更低

廉。見第四段最后一句"Manystudiesshowthatolderparents—today*s

grandparents—wouldhavecalledtheirchildrenmoreoftenifthemeansandcostof

doingsohadnotbeenabarrier,最后一段更是再次強調(diào)了這種觀點。故選C。

69.A主旨大意題。由第一段第二句話得出。這種科技的改變?nèi)菀妆徽`認(rèn)為態(tài)度的改變。第2-5

段討論到底是科技還是態(tài)度的改變。第6段再次明確表示是科技的改變。故選A。

70.B文章結(jié)構(gòu)題。文章第一段是introduction,第二段是第一個論點，指出父母在子女生活

中參與度提高的現(xiàn)象。第三段是第二個論點（關(guān)鍵詞However）,指出通過調(diào)查并不能推斷出父

母未能對子女放手，分論點一是科技的進步導(dǎo)致父母對子女生活更多的參與，分論點二（關(guān)鍵

詞Furthermore）是子女經(jīng)濟不獨立導(dǎo)致父母對子女生活的過多參與。最后一段總結(jié)。故選B。

【考點定位】議論文類閱讀

【名師點睛】要想讀懂議論文、理解作者的寫作意圖，關(guān)鍵在于是否能夠把握議論文的三要

素。首先，論點是作者對所論述事件的基本看法和立場，找準(zhǔn)論點有助于把握文章的整體方

向和理解文章主題的深層內(nèi)涵；理清論據(jù)材料的內(nèi)容能夠幫助讀者更深層次地理解論點的含

義；論據(jù)是作者組織、運用論據(jù)的手法。

5.[2015?北京】D

FreedomandResponsibility

Freedom*schallengeintheDigitalAgeisaserioustopic.Wearefacingtoday

astrangenewworldandweareallwonderingwhatwearegoingtodowithit.

Some2,500yearsagoGreecediscoveredfreedom.Beforethattherewasnofreedom.

Thereweregreatcivilizations,splendidempires,butnofreedomanywhere.Egyptand

Babylonwerebothtyrannies,oneverypowerfulmanrulingoverhelplessmasses.

InGreece,inAthens（雅典），alittlecityinalittlecountry,therewereno

helplessmasses.AndAthenianswillinglyobeyedthewrittenlawswhichtheythemselves

passed,andtheunwritten,whichmustbeobeyediffreemenlivetogether.Theymust

showeachotherkindnessandpityandthemanyqualitieswithoutwhichlifewould

beverypainfulunlessonechosetolivealoneinthedesert.TheAtheniansnever

thoughtthatamanwasfreeifhecoulddowhathewanted.Amanwasfreeifhewas

self-controlled.Tomakeyourselfobeywhatyouapprovedwasfreedom.Theyweresaved

fromlookingattheirlivesastheirownprivateaffair.Eachonefeltresponsible

forthewelfareofAthens,notbecauseitwasforcedonhimfromtheoutside,but

becausethecitywashisprideandhissafety.Theessentialbeliefofthefirstfree

governmentintheworldwaslibertyforallmenwhocouldcontrolthemselvesandwould

takeresponsibilityforthestate.

Butdiscoveringfreedomisnotlikediscoveringcomputers.Itcannotbediscovered

onceforall.Ifpeopledonotprizeit,andworkforit,itwillgo.Constantwatch

isitsprice.Athenschanged.Itwasachangethattookplacewithoutbeingnoticed

thoughitwasoftheextremeimportance,aspiritualchangewhichaffectedthewhole

state.IthadbeentheAthenian'sprideandjoytogivetotheircity.Thatthey

couldgetmaterialbenefitsfromherneverenteredtheirminds.Therehadtobea

completechangeofattitudebeforetheycouldlookatthecityasanemployerwho

paidhercitizensfordoingherwork.Nowinsteadofmengivingtothestate,the

statewastogivetothem.Whatthepeoplewantedwasagovernmentwhichwouldprovide

acomfortablelifeforthem;andwiththisastheprimaryobject,ideasoffreedom

andself-relianceandresponsibilitywereneglectedtothepointofdisappearing.

Athenswasmoreandmorelookedonasacooperativebusinesspossessedofgreatwealth

inwhichallcitizenshadarighttoshare.

Athensreachedthepointwhenthefreedomshereallywantedwasfreedomfrom

responsibility.Therecouldbeonlyoneresult.Ifmeninsistedonbeingfreefrom

theburdenofself-dependenceandresponsibilityforthecommongood,theywouldcease

tobefree.Responsibilityisthepriceeverymanmustpayforfreedom.Itistobe

hadonnootherterms.Athens,theAthensofAncientGreece,refusedresponsibility;

shereachedtheendoffreedomandwasnevertohaveitagain.

But,“theexcellentbecomesthepermanent,Aristotlesaid.Athenslostfreedom

forever,butfreedomwasnotlostforeverfortheworld.AgreatAmerican,James

Madison,referredto:uThecapacity（能力）ofmankindforself-government."Nodoubt

hehadnotanideathathewasspeakingGreek.Athenswasnotinthefarthestbackground

ofhismind,butoncemanhasagreatandgoodidea,itisnevercompletelylost.

TheDigitalAgecannotdestroyit.Somehowinthisorthatman'sthoughtsuchan

idealivesthoughunconsideredbytheworldofaction.Onecanneverbesurethat

itisnotonthepointofbreakingoutintoactiononlysurethatitwilldososometime.

65.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“tyrannies“inParagraph2referto?

A.Countrieswheretheirpeopleneedhelp.B.Powerfulstateswithhigher

civilization.

C.Splendidempireswherepeopleenjoyfreedom.D.Governmentsruledwith

absolutepower.

66.Peoplebelievinginfreedomarethosewho.

A.regardtheirlifeastheirownbusinessB.seekgainsastheirprimary

object

C.behavewithinthelawsandvaluesystemsD.treatotherswithkindnessand

pity

67.WhatchangeinattitudetookplaceinAthens?

A.TheAtheniansrefusedtotaketheirresponsibility.

B.TheAtheniansnolongertookprideinthecity.

C.TheAtheniansbenefitedspirituallyfromthegovernment.

D.TheAthenianslookedonthegovernmentasabusiness.

68.WhatdoesthesentenceaTherecouldbeonlyoneresult."inParagraph5mean?

A.Athenswouldcontinuetobefree.

B.Athenswouldceasetohavefreedom.

C.Freedomwouldcomefromresponsibility.

D.FreedomwouldstopAthensfromself-dependence.

69.WhydoestheauthorrefertoAristotleandMadison?

A.Theauthorishopefulaboutfreedom.

B.Theauthoriscautiousaboutself-government.

C.TheauthorisskepticalofGreekcivilization.

D.Theauthorisproudofman'scapacity.

70.Whatistheauthor,sunderstandingoffreedom?

A.Freedomcanbemorepopularinthedigitalage.

B.Freedommaycometoanendinthedigitalage.

C.Freedomshouldhavepriorityoverresponsibility.

D.Freedomneedstobeguaranteedbyresponsibility.

【解析】

試題分析：這是一篇歷史文化類說明文。文章講述了自由的起源、演變和它在古代文化下的

形態(tài)和缺陷，以及數(shù)字化世界給自由帶來的挑戰(zhàn)。

65.D詞義猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞所在句子后半句"oneverypowerfulmanrulingoverhelpless

masses”可知tyrannies是指擁有絕對統(tǒng)治權(quán)的政府。故選I）項。

66.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容可知，雅典人之所以能自由地生活在一起，是因為他們能

夠自愿在法律規(guī)定和價值體系下下從事一起活動。故選C項。

67.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段內(nèi)容可知，雅典人后來態(tài)度發(fā)生了改變，因為他們開始認(rèn)為政

府應(yīng)該為他們的勞動付費，給他們提供舒適的生活，而個人的自律和責(zé)任意識變得淡薄。故

選A項。

68.B句意理解題。根據(jù)第五段第三句"Ifmeninsistedonbeingfreefromtheburdenof

self-dependenceandresponsibilityforthecommongood,theywouldceasetobefree”

可知唯一的結(jié)果就是雅典人不再享有自由。故選B項。

69.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段第二句"Athenslostfreedomforever,butfreedomwasnot

lostforeverfortheworld.”及“Athenswasnotinthefarthestbackgroundofhis

mind,butoncemanhasagreatandgoodidea,itisnevercompletelylost.TheDigital

Agecannotdestroyit.”可知作者并沒有因此而失去信心,相反對自由充滿了希望。故選A

項。

70.D觀點態(tài)度題。作者通過雅典人對自由態(tài)度變化的對比，得出自由需要責(zé)任的保證這一結(jié)

論，故選D項。

【考點定位】歷史文化類說明文閱讀

【名師點睛】英語閱讀屬于跨文化交際活動,除語言因素外，它還受到中西文化差異的影響。

考生既要扎實書本知識，也要廣泛閱讀，不斷提高自己的知識廣度，有意識地多了解文化背

景知識，多關(guān)注社會熱點，這樣才能做到游刃有余。

6.[2015?廣東】B

When1wasnineyearsold,Ilovedtogofishingwithmydad.Buttheonlything

thatwasn,tveryfunaboutitwasthathecouldcatchmanyfishwhileIcouldn,t

catchanything.Iusuallygotprettyupsetandkeptaskinghimwhy.Healwaysanswered,

“Son,ifyouwanttocatchafish,youhavetothinklikeafish”,Irememberbeing

evenmoreupsetthenbecause,'Tmnotafish!”Ididn'tknowhowtothinklike

afish.Besides,Ireasoned,howcouldwhatIthinkinfluencewhatafishdoes?

AsIgotalittleolderIbegantounderstandwhatmydadreallymeant.So,I

readsomebooksonfish.AndIevenjoinedthelocalfishingclubandstartedattending

themonthlymeetings.Ilearnedthatafishisacold-bloodedanimalandtherefore

isverysensitivetowatertemperature.Thatiswhyfishprefershallowwatertodeep

waterbecausetheformeriswarmer.Besides,waterisusuallywarmerindirectsunlight

thanintheshade.Yet,fishdon'thaveanyeyelids（眼皮）andthesunhutstheir

eyes***ThemoreIunderstoodfish,themoreIbecameeffectiveatfindingandcatching

them..

WhenIgrewupandenteredthebusinessworld,Irememberhearingmyfirstboss

say,“Weallneedtothinklikesalespeople."Butitdidn'tcompletelymakesense.

Mydadneveroncesaid,“Ifyouwanttocatchafishyouneedtothinklikea

fisherman."Whathesaidwas,“Youneedtothinklikeafish."Yearslater,with

greateffortstopromotelong-termservicestopeoplemucholderandricherthanme,

Igraduallylearnedwhatweallneedistothinkmorelikecustomers.Itisnotan

easyjob.Iwi11showyouhowinthefollowingchapters.

31.Whywastheauthorupsetinfishingtripswhenhewasnine?

A.Hecouldnotcatchafish.

B.Hisfatherwasnotpatientwithhim.

C.Uisfatherdidnotteachhimfishing.

D.Hecouldnotinfluenceafishashisfatherdid.

32.Whatdidtheauthor?sfatherreallymean?

A.Toreadaboutfish.

B.Tolearnfishingbyoneself.

C.Tounderstandwhatfishthink.

D.Tostudyfishinginmanyways.

33.Accordingtotheauthor,fisharemostlikelytobefound.

A.indeepwateronsunnydays

B.indeepwateroncloudydays

C.inshallowwaterundersunlight

D.inshallowwaterunderwatersidetrees.

34.Afterenteringthebusinessworld,theauthorfound.

A.iteasytothinklikeacustomer

B.hisfather'sfishingadviceinspiring

C.hisfirstboss'ssalesideasreasonable

D.itdifficulttosellservicestopoorpeople

35.Thispassagemostlikelycomesfrom.

A.afishingguide

B.apopularsalesbook

C.anovelonchildhood

D.amillionaire'sbiography

【解析】