新教材2023版高中英語課時作業(yè)7Unit11ConflictandCompromisePartCLesson2DealingwithConflict北師大版選擇性必修第四冊

課時作業(yè)(七)Unit11PartCLesson2DealingwithConflictⅠ.閱讀理解AForyears,thegiantsquid(大王烏賊)hadremainedamodernmystery.Livinginthedarkdepthsoftheocean,thecreatureisdifficultforscientiststoobservedirectly.Ithadalsomanagedtoavoidallattemptstofilmit.ThatchangedlastJuly:forthefirsttimeever,scientistswereabletocatchthegiantsquidonvideoinitsnaturalhabitat.Theywereamazedbywhattheysaw.ThescientistsfilmedthesquidintheNorthPacificOcean,southofTokyo,Japan.Theyfolloweditdowntoadepthof2，952feet.Theyshotmorethan23minutesofvideobeforethesquidswamoffintoevendarkerdepths,ThevideofootagewillbereleasedtothepubliclaterthismonthonTheDiscoveryChannel.TsunemiKubodera,azoologistatJapan'sNationalMuseumofNatureandScience,ledtheteamthatfilmedthesquid.Theteamwentintotheoceaninasmallsubmarinewithlightsinvisibletobothhumansandsquid.Sincegiantsquideatsmallersquid,thescientistsreleasedasmallsquidasbait(誘餌).Thenthescientistswaitedinthepitchblackforthegiantsquidtoapproach.Thecolorvideoshowsthecreaturefloatingvertically,eatingthebaitsquid.Thegiantsquidis9to10feetlongandismissingitstwolongesttentacles(觸須).Withthosetentacles,itcouldhavemeasuredupto26feetlong.Ithashugeblackeyes,thesizeofdinnerplates.“Itwasshiningandsobeautiful，”Kuboderasaid.Becausethedeepoceanissounfriendlytohumans,littleisknownaboutthegiantsquid.Scientistssaycatchingthemysteriouscreatureonvideoisanimportantsteptowardunderstandingit.Forcenturies,sailorshadreportedseeingahuge,ocean-dwellingbeast,thoughttobethegiantsquid.ThecreatureisalsobelievedtobethesubjectoftheNordicmythofthekraken,aseacreaturethatsupposedlyattackedshipsinScandinavianwatersoverthepastthousandsofyears.1．Whyisitdifficulttofilmthegiantsquid?A．Becauseitisillegaltofilmthegiantsquid.B．Becauseitistooexpensivetomakesuchafilm.C．Becausethegiantsquidlivesinthedarkdeepocean.D．Becausethegiantsquidisdangeroustohumans.2．Wecanlearnfromthefirstparagraphthatscientists________．A．firstsawthegiantsquidintheoceanB．discoveredanewseacreatureintheoceanC．havetheoceanbottomsecretlyrecordedonvideoD．havefirstcaughtthelegendarygiantsquidonvideo3．Accordingtothepassage,thegiantsquid'slongesttentaclescanbe________．A．16to17feetlongB．9to10feetlongC．morethan26feetlongD．a(chǎn)bout36feetlong4．Thescientistsreleasedasmallsquidintheoceanto________．A．increasethenumberofthegiantsquidB．trickthegiantsquidintocomingoutC．makeaneducationalfilmaboutitD．showconcernforthegiantsquidBWithclimatechangeandoverfishingthreateningouroceans,itisbecomingincreasinglyimportantforresearcherstocloselyobserveandcheckseaanimalsandplants.However,it'salmostimpossibletomakeitsincehumanpresencescarestheanimals.Now,thankstotherobot,akaSoFi,researchersmaybeabletosolvetheproblem.BuiltbyMIT'slaboratory，thesnow-whiteremote-controlledrobotsimulatesfish,completewithaflexibletailthatmovesfromsidetosideandtwo“fins(鰭)”．Whentherobotisunderthesea,amotorispumpingwaterintoapairofballoon-likeroomslocatedintherobot'stail.Theseroomsoperatesimilarlytothekeypartsinengines.Asoneroomexpands,thetailbendstooneside;whenthemotorpusheswatertotheotherchannel,thetailbendsintheotherdirection.Thustherobotgainstheabilitytomovetowhereitwantstogo.SoFisolvesmanyoftheissuesthathaveaffectedtheusefulness(有效性)ofpreviousrobots—sometypesofautonomousunderwatervehicles(AUVs).AUVstraditionallyoftenhavehadtobetiedtoaboatbecauseradiofrequencycommunicationsdonotworkwellunderwater.Soresearchersusesoundwaves.Thenewtechnologycantravelgreaterdistances,allowingdrivers,byusingacontroller，topilotSoFifromupto50feetaway.SoFicanmovearoundtheocean,unaffectedbyropes.AlsolimitingtraditionalAUVs'usefulnessistheriskofhittingsomething，likehardstones.Withtheoutsidemadeofrubber(橡膠)andplasticthatcankeepitsbuilt-inelectronicsdry,SoFicanefficientlyavoidhitting.Soasoftrobotismorelikelytosurviveapotentialcrisis.DuringtestdivesinRainbowReef,SoFiswamalongsidetheunsuspecting(無疑心的)oceanlifeatdepthsof50feetforupto40minutesatatime，obtaininghigh-qualityphotosandvideos.Moreimportantly,itwasabletodosowithoutcausinganydisturbance.Researcherssaysometimesthefishwouldswimalongsidethestrange-lookingrobotincuriosity,whileatothertimestheyappearedtocompletelyignoreitsexistence.“It'snotperfect,butwe'reimprovingit.Oureffortswillpayoff，”saysRobertKatzschmann.5．TherobotSoFiiscreatedto________．A．observeclimatechangeB．helptomonitorseacreaturesC．catchfishandobservethemD．preventoverfishinginoceans6．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“simulates”inParagraph2probablymean?A．Ismodeledafter. B．Isdesignedfor.C．Iscombinedwith. D．Isappliedto.7．What'sParagraph3mainlywrittentoshow?A．TheshapeofSoFi.B．TheapplicationofSoFi.C．ThestructureofSoFi'stail.D．ThetheoryofSoFi'smovement.8．What'sRobertKatzschmann'sattitudetowardsSoFi?A．Satisfied. B．Negative.C．Hopeful. D．Neutral.Ⅱ.完形填空Troylongedtobeaprofessionalbasketballplayer.Hehadlovedthe__1__eversincehewasasmallchild.Hewasalsoveryskilled.However,hehadonesmall__2__.Hewasveryshort.Althoughhisschoolcoachhadsuggestedthathewouldnever__3__itintheprofessionalleagues,he__4__togiveuphisdream.Troyhadseveral__5__triesatprofessionalclubs.ThenhewenttoaclubinLosAngelesand__6__thecoachforatry.Asusual，hewasrefused.“Butyouhaven'tevengivenmea(n)__7__，”saidTroy.“WhyshouldI？”askedthecoach.“BecauseonedayIamgoingtobethebestplayerintheworld__8__Iwillbeabletohelpyouout，”Troyrepliedseriously.Thecoachsmiledatthe__9__oftheanswer.“Alrightkid，”hesaid.Troytookpartinashortpracticematchandthecoachwas__10__athisskills.“You__11__havealotoftalent，”hesaid.Aftertwoshortyears，Troywasaregularforthe__12__andhadevenwontheawardastheteam'smostvaluableplayer.__13__withTroy'shelp,theteamwasn'twinningmanygamesandthecoachwassaidtobeclosetolosinghis__14__.BeforeagameagainsttheNewYorkteam，hecalledTroyintohisofficeforadiscussion.“IhaveheardthatifwelosetonightthenIwillbereplacedbyanothercoach，”hetoldTroy.“Ineedyoutocarrytheteamandwinthegame.Doyourememberyour__15__beforeIsignedyou？”Troynodded.Hewentontoplaythegameofhislifethatevening.Theteamwonthegameandwoneverygamethatwasleftthatseason.1．A.task B．classC．sport D．place2．A.doubt B．problemC．dream D．reason3．A.change B．learnC．hear D．make4．A.tried B．regrettedC．refused D．feared5．A.unsuccessful B．meaningfulC．unfair D．careless6．A.found B．a(chǎn)skedC．forced D．considered7．A.choice B．instructionC．suggestion D．chance8．A.and B．butC．if D．a(chǎn)s9．A.influence B．confidenceC．interest D．shortness10．A.annoyed B．disappointedC．puzzled D．surprised11．A.certainly B．usuallyC．finally D．possibly12．A.program B．partyC．club D．school13．A.Again B．AlmostC．Even D．Only14．A.money B．jobC．team D．patience15．A.promise B．purposeC．a(chǎn)dvice D．Secret課時作業(yè)(七)Ⅰ.閱讀理解A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇科普類說明文。大王烏賊生活在深海，人們很難有機會看到它，長期以來人們對它知之甚少。最近科學(xué)家在深海拍攝到了這種神秘的生物，有望揭開其神秘的面紗。1．答案與解析：C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Livinginthedarkdepthsoftheocean,thecreatureisdifficultforscientiststoobservedirectly.”可知，因為大王烏賊生活在大洋深處，所以人們很難拍攝到它。2．答案與解析：D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段內(nèi)容可知，科學(xué)家在北太平洋下到深度為2952英尺的地方第一次拍攝了一段23分鐘長的有關(guān)大王烏賊的視頻。因此D項正確。3．答案與解析：A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容可知，這只大王烏賊有9到10英尺長，算上它的觸須可達(dá)到26英尺長，由此可得出，這只大王烏賊最長的觸須有16到17英尺長。4．答案與解析：B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Sincegiantsquideatsmallersquid,thescientistsreleasedasmallsquidasbait.”可知，科學(xué)家在大洋里放一條小烏賊的目的是將大王烏賊引誘出來。B【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一個名叫SoFi的機器人，它能夠幫助研究人員密切觀察海洋動植物，并介紹了SoFi的工作原理及優(yōu)點。5．答案與解析：B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“itisbecomingincreasinglyimportantforresearcherstocloselyobserveandcheckseaanimalsandplants.”和“Now,thankstotherobot,akaSoFi,researchersmaybeabletosolvetheproblem.”可知，SoFi能夠幫助研究人員解決這個問題，也就是說，SoFi能夠幫助研究人員監(jiān)測海洋生物，故選B。6．答案與解析：A詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞后面的“completewithaflexibletailthatmovesfromsidetosideandtwo‘fins(鰭)’”可知，它有一個靈活的尾巴能從一邊移到另一邊，還有兩個鰭。由此可以推斷出SoFi是模仿魚類的外形設(shè)計的，故選A。7．答案與解析：D主旨大意題。根據(jù)本段中“Thustherobotgainstheabilitytomovetowhereitwantstogo.”可知，本段介紹的是機器人是如何獲得這種運動的能力的，即機器人SoFi的運動理論，故選D。8．答案與解析：C推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中“It'snotperfect,butwe'reimprovingit.Oureffortswillpayoff，”saysRobertKatzschmann.可知，RobertKatzschmann認(rèn)為雖然機器人SoFi現(xiàn)在不是完美的，但他們會進(jìn)行改進(jìn)。而且他認(rèn)為他們的努力會得到回報，也就是說，RobertKatzschmann對機器人SoFi的態(tài)度是充滿希望的，故選C。Ⅱ.完形填空【語篇解讀】本文是記敘文。雖然Troy沒有身高優(yōu)勢，但是他從沒放棄追逐自己的職業(yè)籃球運動員的夢想。最后，功夫不負(fù)有心人，Troy不僅成為球隊中的最有價值球員，而且還帶領(lǐng)自己的球隊不斷走向成功。1．答案與解析：C考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他從小就熱愛這項運動。根據(jù)上一句中的“beaprofessionalbasketballplayer”可知，Troy熱愛籃球這項“運動”，故選C。2．答案與解析：B考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，他有一個小麻煩。根據(jù)下一句“Hewasveryshort.”可知，這是Troy的“麻煩”，故選B。3．答案與解析：D考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管他的學(xué)校教練曾暗示他永遠(yuǎn)不會在職業(yè)聯(lián)賽中取得成功，但他拒絕放棄自己的夢想。根據(jù)語境可知，Troy的教練認(rèn)為他永遠(yuǎn)不可能進(jìn)籃球職業(yè)聯(lián)盟，故選D。4．答案與解析：C考查動詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)下文Troy在職業(yè)俱樂部的嘗試可知，他“拒絕”放棄自己的籃球夢想，故選C。5．答案與解析：A考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：T