中考英語專題復(fù)習(xí)培訓(xùn)課件語法篇

匯報(bào)人：XX2024-02-04中考英語專題復(fù)習(xí)培訓(xùn)課件語法篇目錄BasicknowledgereviewUsageofNounsandArticlesAnalysisofVerbTenseandVoiceThecomparativesuperlativeapplicationofobjectivesandadvertisements目錄Summaryofpreliminaryphrasesandconnectionsusage01BasicknowledgereviewNounsNounsarewordsthatrepresentpeople,places,things,orideasTheycanfunctionasthesubjectorobjectofaverbandcanbemodifiedbyobjectivesVerbsVerbsarewordsthatexpressactionsorstatesofbeingTheyareessentialforformingcompletesensesandcanbemodifiedbyadvisorsAdjectivesandAdvantageousAdjectivesmodifynouns,whileadvertisementsmodifyverbs,advertisements,orotheradvertisementsTheyprovideadditionalinformationaboutthenounsorverbstheydescribePartofspeechandpresencecomponentsPositionsshowtherelationshipbetweennounsorpronounsandotherwordsinasentenceConnectionsareusedtoconnectwords,phrases,orclausesPositionsandjunctionsSentencesaremadeupofdifferentcomponents,includingthesubject,predicate,object,completion,andadvisoryUnderstandingthesecomponentshelpsinanalyzingandconstructingsensesSentenceComponentsPartofspeechandpresencecomponentsSenseSensereferstothetimewhenanactionorstateoccursEnglishhasthreemaintensions:present,past,andfutureEachtensehasdifferentformsandusesVoiceVoicereferstotherelationshipbetweenthesubjectandtheverbEnglishhastwovoices:activeandpassiveTheactivevoiceemphasizesthedoeroftheaction,whilethepassivevoiceemphasizestheactionitselfSenseandvoiceMoodMoodreferstothewayaverbisusedtoexpressthespeaker'sattitudetowardswhatisbeingsaidEnglishhasthreemoods:indicative,intangible,andsubconjunctiveSubjunctionMoodThesubjunctionMoodisusedtoexpresswishes,possibilities,suggestions,andconditionsthatarecontemporarytofactItisoftenusedwithcertificateverbsandincertificatestructuresMoodandsubcriticalmoodInfinitiesInfinitiesareverbsthatfunctionasnouns,objections,oradvisorsTheyareformedbyadding"to"beforethebaseformoftheverbGerundsGerundsareverbsthatfunctionasnounsTheyareformedbyadding"-ing"tothebaseformoftheverbandcanbeusedasthesubjectorobjectofasenseArticlesArticlesareverbsthatfunctionasobjectivesorverbsTheyhavetwoforms:presentparticle(-ing)andpastparticle(-edor-en)ParticlescanbeusedtomodifynounsortoformcompoundverbsNonfineverbsInEnglish,thesubjectandverbmustagreeinnumberThismeansthatasingularsubjectrequiresasingularverb,whileapluralsubjectrequiresapluralverbSubordinateclaimsaredependentclaimsthatprovideadditionalinformationaboutthemainclaimsTheyareintroducedbysubcoordinatingconnectionssuchas"because,""if,""when,"etcWhenasubordinateclauseisusedasthesubjectofasense,theverbshouldagreewiththesubjectofthesubordinateclauseratethanthemainclauseForexample,"Whathesaysisimportant"(not"Whathesaysisimportant")SubjectVerbAgreementSubordinateClaimsConsistencyinSubordinateClaimsThesubgradeclauseisconsistentwiththesubjectverb02UsageofNounsandArticlesNumberofnounsandchangesinpassivecaseUnderstandingtheconceptofnounnumberssingularandpluralformsofnouns,aswellasuncountablenounsMasteringtherules…adding'or'totheendofanoun,orusingtheproposition'of'toindicateapositivesessionRecognizingexceptionstotherulesnounsthatdonotfollowregularutilizationpatterns,suchasthoseendingin-o,-s,-x,or-zApplyingnounnumber…understandinghowtheserulesareusedinsensesandparagraphsGraspthebasicrulesforusingarticles:"a"and"an"forsingularnouns,"the"forspecificorpreviouslymentionednounsUnderstandingexceptionstotherules:whentousearticleswithuncountablenouns,abstractnouns,andpropernounsRecognizingspecialcircles:whentoomitarticlesindiscourseorexpressions,suchasintitles,headings,orwhenreferringtogeneralconceptsApplyingarticleusagerulesinwritingandspeaking:ensuringcorrectandnaturalsoundusageinavarietyofcontextsRulesandspecialcirclesfortheuseofarticlesSelectionofguidewordsfornounclausesUnderstandingthefunctionofguidewordshowtheyintroducenonclausesandconnectthemtothemainclauseIdentifyingcommonguidewordswordslike"that,""which,""who,""who,""who,""who,""who,""what,""whatever,"andothers."SelectingtheappropriateguidewordchoosingtherightwordbasedonthemeaningandstructureofthenounclausePracticingtheuseo…writingandspeakingintentionswithnoclaimsusingthecorrectguidewordsDistinguishingandmemorizingeasilyfusednounsRecognizingcommonfusednounpairsunderstandingwhichnounsareoftenfusedandwhyLearningstrategies…usingmnemonicdevices,creatingassociations,orreferringtodictionariesandThesaurusesPracticingwithexamplesensesreadingandwritingsensesthatcontainfusednounstoimproverecognitionandunderstandingReviewingandrevisingknowledgeRegularlyrevisingfusednonpairstomaintainaclearunderstandingoftheirdifferences03AnalysisofVerbTenseandVoiceDescribeactionsorstatesthatarehappeningnow,orthatarecontinuousorrepeatedPresenttensePasttenseFuturetenseDescribesactionsorstatesthathavealreadyhappenedbeforenowDescribeactionsorstatesthatwillhappeninthefuture030201Comparisonofpresenttense,pasttense,andfuturetensePassivevoicecomposition"be+pastparticle",indicatingthatthesubjectistherecipientoftheactionApplicationscenariosUsedwhentheperformeroftheactionisunknownorunimportant;Whenthefocusisontheactionitselfratherthantheperformer;OrwhenthepassiveformsoundsmoreobjectiveorformalPassivevoicecompositionandapplicationscenariosInfiniteverbsassubjectsorobjectsTheInfiniteformoftheverb(to+verb)canfunctionasthesubjectorobjectofasense,expressingaspecificactionorstateGerundassubjectsorobjectsThegerundformoftheverb(-ingform)canalsofunctionasthesubjectorobjectofapresence,expressingacontinuousorbiologicalactionorstateInfiniteverbsandgerundassubjectsorobjectsModalverbssuchas"may,""right,""could,""should,"and"would"canbeusedtoexpressspecificationorpossibilityModalverbsindicatingspecificationModalverbssuchas"shouldhave,""couldhave,"and"wouldhave"canbeusedtoexpressvirtualsituationsorthematicconditionsModalverbsindicatingvirtualityModalverbsindicatespecificationandvirtuality04ThecomparativesuperlativeapplicationofobjectivesandadvertisementsThecomparativestructureofobjectivesandadvertisementsintheiroriginalformsomeobjectionsandadvertisementshaveirregularcomparativeandsuperiorformsthatdonotfollowthegeneralrules,suchas"good/letter/best"and"bad/word/best"Irregularobjectionsandadvertisementsgenerallyadd"-er"or"-est"toformthecomparativeandsuperlativeformsSinglesyllableadvertisementsandadvertisementsuse"more"or"most"beforetheobjectiveoradvisortoformthecomparativeandsuperiorformsMultisymmetricobjectivesandadvisorsVariationindegree01thecomparativeandsuperiorformscanexpressdifferentdegreesofcomparison,suchas"Taller"vs."Tallest"or"morebeautiful"vs."mostbeautiful"Variationinstructure02someofthecomparativeandsuperiorformsmayhavedifferentstructures,suchas"further"vs."farthest"or"moreimportant"vs."mostimportant"Variationinusage03thecomparativeandsuperiorformsmaybeusedindifferentcontextsandwithdifferentpositionsoradvertisements,allas"betterthan"or"atleastasgoodas"ComparativeandsuperlativevariationpatternsUseofadvisorsadvisorscanbeusedtomodifycomparativeorsuperioradvisorsoradvisors,suchas"manytalkers"or"evenmorebeautiful"Useofpositionspositionscanbeusedwithcomparativeorsuperiorobjectionsoradvertisementstoexpressrelationships,suchas"tellerthan"or"themostbeautifulofall"UseofnegativestructuresNegativestructurescanbeusedwithcomparativeorsuperiorobjectivesoradvertisementstoexpressrecruitment,suchas"nottellerthan"or"notthemostbeautiful"ModifycomparativeorsuperiorvocabularyIncorrectuseof"-er"and"-est":studentsoftenmistakenlyadd"-er"and"-est"tomultisyllabableobjectivesandfollowersIncorrectuseof"more"and"most":studentsmayfusetheusageof"more"and"most"withirregularobjectivesandfollowersIncorrectsettlementofproposals:studentsmayuseincorrectproposalswithcomparativeorsuperiorobjectionsoradvertisements,allasus