24年英語中考非謂語動詞課件

非謂語動詞講解與練習(xí)2024中考復(fù)習(xí)

動詞不定式

一

基本形式

“to＋動詞原形”否定形式是在動詞不定式前加notto是構(gòu)成不定式的符號，本身無意義，有時可省略

有動詞的特點(diǎn)，可以有自己的賓語和狀語有時態(tài)和語態(tài)的變化，但沒有人稱與數(shù)的變化不能作謂語動詞不定式及其賓語和狀語構(gòu)成動詞不定式短語。todo1．作賓語(1)常用不定式作賓語的動詞或短語有want,begin/start,love,forget,remember,decide,agree,seem,wouldlike,plan,wish,promise,expect,offer,manage,prepare等。(2)跟在謂語動詞find,think等后作賓語的動詞不定式，常用it作形式賓語，而將真正的賓語放在賓語補(bǔ)足語后面。Doyouthinkiteasytofinishtheworkwithinoneday？你認(rèn)為在一天之內(nèi)完成這項工作容易嗎？2．作賓語補(bǔ)足語(1)常用不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語的動詞有ask,teach,tell,invite,allow,order,invite,warn,advise,expect,want,wish,encourage等。(2)在使役動詞make,let,have和感官動詞see,hear,watch,notice等的后面作賓語補(bǔ)足語時，不定式符號to要省略。help后的不定式可帶to也可不帶to。3．作目的狀語不定式作目的狀語可位于句首或句末，為了強(qiáng)調(diào)還可用inorderto。Mrs.WangwenttoShanghaitoseeherdaughter.王太太去上?？此畠?。Tofinishthetaskontime,heworkedlateeveryday.為了按時完成任務(wù)，他每天工作到很晚。4．“疑問詞＋動詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)疑問詞who,what,when,where,how,which等后接動詞不定式，在句中作主語、賓語、賓語補(bǔ)足語、表語等。Ihaveagreatideaabout

howtosolve

theproblem.我有一個如何解決這個問題的好主意。Theteacheristellingthestudentswhattodonext.老師正告訴學(xué)生們下一步做什么。Hedidn'tknowwheretogo(＝whereheshouldgo)．他不知道去哪里。動詞的－ing形式二既有動詞的性質(zhì)，也有名詞、形容詞的性質(zhì)可作主語、賓語、表語、定語、補(bǔ)足語或狀語doing1．動詞的－ing形式常用結(jié)構(gòu)(1)只能跟動詞的－ing形式的動詞和短語有avoid,consider,enjoy,feellike,finish,mind,practice,suggest,bebusy,begoodat,beinterestedin,can'thelp,giveup,putoff等。(2)have＋n.＋(in)doinghavefun(in)doing,havetrouble(in)

doing,haveahardtime(in)doing,haveproblems/difficulty(in)doing等。(3)todoing結(jié)構(gòu)中to是介詞be/getusedtodoing,lookforwardtodoing,payattentiontodoing,preferdoingtodoing等。2．有些動詞既可接不定式也可接動詞的－ing形式，但表達(dá)的意思不同動詞的－ed形式1．表被動、完成意義，在句中作定語、賓語補(bǔ)足語、狀語等Theboyworeapairoffadedjeans.那個男孩穿著一條褪色的牛仔褲。(作定語)Shefoundthevillagegreatlychanged.她發(fā)現(xiàn)這個村莊變化很大。(作賓語補(bǔ)足語)diddone2．動詞的－ing形式與動詞的－ed形式作定語的區(qū)別(1)動詞的－ing形式作定語與它所修飾的名詞存在邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。asleepingchild一個正在睡覺的孩子adevelopingcountry一個發(fā)展中國家boilingwater正在沸騰的水a(chǎn)surprisinglook一個令人吃驚的表情

2．動詞的－ing形式與動詞的－ed形式作定語的區(qū)別(2)動詞的－ed形式作定語與它所修飾的名詞在邏輯上有被動關(guān)系。thenovelwrittenbyMoYan莫言寫的那部小說asingersurroundedbyagroupoffans一位被粉絲包圍的歌手asnow－coveredcity一座被雪覆蓋的城市練一練一、用括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式填空1．Scienceismyfavoritesubject,soIhaveprepared________(join)theSTEAMClub.2．—Jake,wearetoldnot________(answer)thephonewhilecrossingthestreet.—Iamsorry.Iwon'tdoitagain.3．It'sreportedthatChinaplans________(send)astronautstothemoonbefore2030.4．Today,wemustcontinueworking________(keep)ourskiesblue,waterscleanandlandsclear.5．Manypeopleenjoy________(make)zongzibythemselvesattheDragonBoatFestival.6．Weshouldavoid________(make)anoiseinthelibrary.7．Mywatchdoesn'twork.Iwanttogetit________(repair)tomorrow.8．—I'mconsidering________(go)abroadforfurtherstudy,butIhaven'tdecidedyet.—You'dbetteraskyourEnglishteacherforsomeadvice.9．Mary'sfriendsarelookingforwardwithhopeto________(hear)fromher.10．—I'llhaveaten-dayholiday.ButIdon'tknowwhere________(go)．—HowaboutParis二、語法填空

MacauliesbythemouthoftheZhujiangRiver,only40mileswestofHongKong,withZhuhaiCityonthenorth.Soitiseasy1.________(reach).Ithasanareaofabout24squarekilometers,withapopulationof450，000.MostofthepopulationareChinese.

ThefirstforeignerstoreachMacaucamefromPortugal.MorethanfourhundredyearsagothePortugesecamehere2.________(do)businesswithChina.In1557,thegovernmentofGuangdongagreed3.________(let)Portugesetakethisplace.ThenthePortugesemadetheirhomeshere.Theybuiltchurches,schools,hospitalsandotherplaces.Slowlythecitygrew.Peoplefromallovertheworldcame4.________(live)andworkinMacau.

Today,manypeoplecometoMacau5.________(watch)dog－racingormotor－racing.TherearemanyoldbuildingsinMacau.Itisinteresting6.________(see)them.Whenyouaretired,therearesmallcoolgardens7.________(rest)in.Whenyouarehungry,therearegoodrestaurants8.________(eat)at.Nearbyaresomeislands.Theyareeasytogetto.Anditisalsonice9.________(visit)them.

SinceitsreturntoChina,Macauhastakenonanewlook.Itis10.________

(become)morebeautiful.ThereiscertainlyalotmoretoseeandtodoinMacau.CometoMacau.Macauwelcomesyou!一、1.tojoin

2.toanswer

3.tosend

4.tokeep5．making

6.making

7.repaired

8.going9．hearing

10.togo二、1.toreach

2.todo

3.tolet

4.tolive5．towatch

6.tosee

7.torest

8.toeat9．tovisit

10.becoming

1．Theboy__________(call)Bobisalwaysreadytohelpothers.2．Tokeep______________(protect)students'eyesight,ourschoolhastakenactioninrecentyears.3．—Mr.Mo,mysonissleeping.Wouldyoumind___________(turn)downyourradio—Sorry.I'lldoitatonce.4．Tomysurprise,myparentsagreed__________(go)totheconcertwithme.5．Allthechildrenarelookingforwardto___________(meet)thefamoussinger.6．IsawAlice___________(dance)whenIpassedherroom.7．Now,moreandmorepeoplechoosetowalkortakethepublictransportation____________(live)greenandbetter.8．Ifyouhavedifficulty___________(work)outtheproblem,youcanasktheteacherforhelp.9．—Doyouknowtherearemorethan5，000languages_______(speak)intheworld—Sorry,Ihavenoidea.10．—Whatdoyoumeanbysayingso—____________(make)thebossbelievewhatwesaid.LiSiqiistheownerofacube(魔方)storeinYunnan.Recently,using720cubes,hespenteighthours1.__________aportrait(肖像)ofWangYaping,oneofthethreeastronautsonShenzhouXⅢ.“Iwant2.____________myrespectforthethreeastronauts,especiallyWang,thefirstfemaleChineseastronauttoenterthespacestation，”HuangQiangsaid.Beforeleaving,Wangpromised3.____________starsforherdaughter.SonowWangis4.__________the“star－pickingmother”byChinesepeople.He