高三英語開學(xué)摸底考（上海專用）（解析版）

高三英語開學(xué)摸底考試卷01（上海專用）英語ListeningSectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1．Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A．Atabookstore. B．Atthetrainstation. C．Inaclockshop. D．Onthestreet.【答案】B【原文】W:I’dliketobooktwotrainticketstoLondontomorrowmorning,aftertherushhour.M:Noproblem.Justgivemeaminute.Therearethreehereat9:00,10:00and11:00.2.Whatisthewomanlookingfor?A．100%cottonpantsindarkblue. B．Fashionablepantsinbrightcolours.C．Greypantsmadeofpurecotton. D．Somethingtomatchherbrownpants.【答案】C【原文】M:Wouldyouliketoseethosepantsinbrownandnavyblue?Thesetwocoloursarecominginthisseason.W:Well,actually,greyismyfavouritecolour,butIprefersomethingmadeofcotton,100%cottonImean.3．Whatisthemanprobablydoing?A．Practicingaspeechcontest. B．Listeningtosomeloudmusic.C．Preparingforanoralexamination. D．Talkingloudlyonthetelephone.【答案】B【原文】W:Hey,ifyoucan’tenjoytherockandrollatasensiblevolume,whynotuseearphones?I’mpreparingforthespeechcontest.M:Oh,sorry.Ididn’trealizeIwasbotheringyouallthistime.4．Whatdowelearnaboutthemanfromtheconversation?A．Heknowshisweaknesses. B．Heishighlyambitious.C．Hecan’tfacethesituation. D．Heisratherdisappointed.【答案】A【原文】W:Aren’tyoudisappointedthatyoudidn’tgetthepromotion?M:Maybealittle,butIknowIneedmoreexperiencebeforeI’mreadyforthatkindofresponsibility.5．WhatdoesthemanimplyaboutLarryandhisroommate?A．Theyarebothtoblame. B．Theyarebotheasytoplease.C．Theycanmanagetogetalong. D．Theywillmakepeaceintime.【答案】A【原文】W:CanyoubelievethewayLarrywastalkingtohisroommate?Nowondertheydon’tgetalong.M:Well,maybeLarrywasjustreactingtosomethinghisroommatesaid.Therearetwosidestoeverystoryyouknow.6．Whatdowelearnaboutthewomanfromtheconversation?A．Shewaslatefortheappointment.B．Sheoftenkeptotherpeoplewaiting.C．Sheranintothemanonherwayhere.D．Shecalledherfriendaboutthebook.【答案】A【原文】W:Ihopeyou’renottooupsetwithmeforthedelay.Ihadtostopbyafriend’shometopickupabookonmywayhere.M:Well,that’snotabigdeal.Butyoumightatleastphoneifyouknowyou’regoingtokeepsomeonewaiting.7．Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomandoing?A．Workinghard. B．Refusingthejoboffer.C．Expectinganotherchance. D．Findinganidealjob.【答案】C【原文】W:TheCostcoWholesaleturneddownmyapplication.Idon’tknowwhattodoifIcan’tfindanidealjob.M:Well,don’ttakeitsohard.Betteropportunitieswillcomealong.8．Whatdoesthewomanmean?A．Themovieisgoodexceptthebadending.B．Themoviewonanaward.C．Sheagreeswiththeman’scomments.D．Shedoesn’tlikethespecialeffects.【答案】A【原文】M:Ithinkthehorrormovieisfantasticandthespecialeffectsareamazing.W:Ifithadn’tbeenforitsterribleending,itwouldhavewonanaward.9．Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?A．Itisahotandsmoggyday.B．There’satrafficjamonBroadwayStreet.C．Themanisreadingthenewsonair.D．Avehicleispollutingtheairseriously.【答案】D【原文】W:Goodmorning!ThisistheGreenandEnvironmentalHotline.MayIhelpyou?M:Yes,I’dliketoreportasmokingvehiclerunningonBroadwayStreet.10．Whatdoesthewomanimply?A．Themanmayneedtore-evaluatehispriorities.B．Themanshoulddealwiththeurgentmattersfirst.C．Themanhasfailedtotakecareoftheurgentmatters.D．Themanshouldkeeptrackofeverythingusingato-dolist.【答案】A【原文】M:I’msotiredofalwaysfeelingsorushed.W:Maybetheproblemisthatyou’vemistakenwhat’surgentforwhat’simportant.SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillheartwopassagesandpassageorconversation,youwillbeaskedseveralquestionswillbereadtwice,butthequestionwillbespokenonlyonethefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichoyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage11．WhichoneisafeatureofmostdesertsinSaudiArabia?A．Richsoil. B．Enoughwater. C．Somecrops. D．Littleshade.12．WhywasAlUlahabitable?A．Becauseithadalotoftrees.B．Becauseitwasalwaysrainingthere.C．Becauseitwaslocatednearabigcity.D．Becauseithadawetlandwithwaterandrichsoils.13．Whatisthispassagemainlyabout?A．ThehistoryofSaudiArabia.B．TheclimatechangeinSaudiArabia.C．ThedevelopmentofcivilizationinAlUla.D．ThehuntingtechniquesofthefirstpeopleinAlUla.【答案】11．D12．D13．C【原文】Survivingwithoutwateristougherthansurvivingwithoutfood,andthisisabigchallengeinthedrydesertsofSaudiArabia.Thedesertsdon’thavemuchshade,andthesandsaren’tgreatforplantstogrow.Itmightseemunlikelyforfarms,cities,andcivilizationstodevelopthere,butthat’swhathappenedintheAlUlavalley.Eveninthedesert,therearespotswithwaterthatsupportlife.AlUlaisonesuchplaceinthevastdesertsofSaudiArabia.ThestoryofAlUlastartedmillionsofyearsagowhenawetterclimateshapedabigwatercatchment,likeagiantbowltocollectandstorewater.Mostofthewaterflowedundergroundandgottrapped.Overtime,morewaterwascollecteduntilitreachedthesurface,creatingawetland.Thiswetlandallowedplantstogrowandprovidedfoodformanylivingcreatures.AlUla’sfirstpeoplelivedlikehunter-gatherers,seekingshadeundergianttrees,huntinganimals,anddrinkingfromnaturalsprings.ButAlUlawasn’tjustaboutwater;italsohadrichsoils,perfectforgrowingcrops.Later,thisattractedsettlerswhobuiltacivilizationandgrewcropslikefruitsandwheat.Inthisway,AlUlabecameaplacewherepeoplesettled,developedagriculture,andthecivilizationthrivedandgrew.Questions14through17arebasedonthefollowingpassage.14．Howmuchdoesthewomanhavetopayforalongdistancecall?A．Afortune. B．Nothingatall. C．Twicethefortune. D．Alittle.15．Whatdoweknowabouttheman’sphonecardfromtheconversation?A．Thecompanywon’tacceptit. B．Itispartlybroken.C．Thedateonthecardisn’tcorrect. D．Itisinusetoday.16．Accordingtothewoman,howwillthemanusethephonecard?A．Answerthepassword,dialhisdad’snumberandthenumberonthecard.B．Dialthenumberonthecardandhisdad’s,theninputthepassword.C．Dialthenumberonthecard,answerthepassword,anddialhisdad’snumber.D．Dialhisdad’snumbertheninputthepasswordandthenumberonthecard.17．Whattimeisitherewhentheyaretalking?A．3:30p.m. B．3:30a.m. C．6:30p.m. D．6:30a.m.【答案】14．B15．D16．C17．A【原文】M:It’smyfather’sbirthdaytomorrow.Ireallywanttogivehimaring.Canyouhelpmemakealongdistancecall?W:Sure,Icallmyparentstwiceaweek!M:Thatmustcostyouafortune,right?W:Youarewayoff!Icallthemcollect,soIpaynothing.However,itcoststhemafortune,buttheylovemesoitisworthit.M:Cool,canIcallmydadcollect?W:There’snocollectcallingtothatzoneyet.Youwillneedtobuyacallingcard.M:IwasgiventhisphonecardatorientationwhenIfirstarrived,butneverusedit.Isitstillactive?Willthecompanyacceptit?W:Theywillacceptanycardexcepttheonesthatareoutofdate.Whatisthedateonyourcard?M:ThecardisoutofdateonDecember7th.W:Youarelucky!Todayisthelastdaytheywillacceptthecard.M:So,howdoIuseit?W:First,justdialthenumberonthecard,thenwaitfortheoperatortoaskforthepasswordonthecard.Afterthat,dialyourdad’snumber.M:Thisisapieceofcake.Iwillcallthemnow.W:Wait,whattimezonearetheyin?M:Theyare12hoursahead.W:Thatwouldmakeitthreethirtyinthemorningthere.M:That’sright.Itiseasytoforgettheyareinadifferenttimezone.W:Seeyoulater.IamofftohelpJerrypracticehisdriving.M:SayhitoJerryforme!W:Iwilldo.Questions18through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.18．Whatisthetalkmainlyabout?A．Aneweducationaltheory.B．Aninnovativetryatteaching.C．Adiligentuniversitystudent.D．Aserioussubjectinauniversity.19．WhatdidRosenthal’slessonsfeature?A．Serioussubjectstowriteabout.B．Fiercecompetitionamongstudents.C．Happyandcooperativelearning.D．Varioustopicsforstudentstovotefor.20．HowdidMaggie’sattitudetowardRosenthal’slessonschange?A．Suspiciousatfirstbutpositivelater.B．Welcomeatfirstbutuncertainlater.C．Disapprovingatfirstbutshockedlater.D．Excitedatfirstbutdisappointedlater.【答案】18．B19．C20．A【原文】

Maggie,abiologyandchemistrystudentatJohnCarrollUniversity,neverthoughtthatonedayshewouldbeinaclassroomwhereanEnglishteacheraskedhertoplayaboardgameinordertolearnaboutclimatechange.

DebraRosenthalistheEnglishprofessor.Atfirst,MaggiesaidshewasuncertainaboutRosenthal’sboardgameidea.However,Rosenthalthoughtherstudentswouldgainagreaterunderstandingabouthowtheirownideasandexperiencesaffectclimatechange.Aftertestingthegameswithsomeadults,shegotpermissiontobuysixcopiesofagamecalledSolutions.Thegoalistopickcardsandthenaddthemtothegameboardinawaythathelpsreduceglobaltemperatures.Studentsdonotcompeteagainsteachother.Theyworktogethertochoosethebestplanofaction.Thegameisdifferentfromotherboardgameswherethegoalistowin.Rosenthalsaidshehopedthegameswouldgivestudentsachancetotalkaboutclimatechangeinanewway.Duringmostclasses,studentsreadmaterialandthendiscusstheirideas.Studentslaughed,disagreedandhadtocallforvotesasawaytodecidehowtomoveforwardinthegame.Maggiesaiditwasa“waytohavefun...whilealsolearningaboutsuchaserioussubject.”II.GrammarandVocabulary（每題1分；共20分）SectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.RationalPeopleThinkattheMarginDecisionsinlifearerarelyblackandwhitebutusuallyinvolveshadesofgray.Atdinnertime,thedecisionyoufaceisnotbetweenfastingandeatinglikeapig,butwhethertotakethatextraspoonfulofmashedpotatoes.21examsrollaround,yourdecisionisnotbetweenblowingthemoffandstudying24hoursaday,butwhethertospendanextrahourreviewingyournotes22watchingTV.Economistsusetheterm“marginalchanges”todescribeminoradjustmentstoan23(exist)planofaction.Inmanysituations,peoplemakethebestdecisionsbythinkingatthemargin.Marginmeans“edge,”somarginalchangesareadjustmentsaroundtheedgesof24youaredoing.Suppose,forinstance,thatyouaskafriendforadviceabouthowmanyyearstostayinschool.IfhecomparesforyouthelifestyleofapersonwithaPh.D．to25ofagradeschooldropout,youmightcomplainthatthiscomparisonisnothelpfulforyourdecision.Youhavesomeeducationalreadyandmostlikely26(decide)whethertospendanextrayearortwoinschool.27(make)thisdecision,youneedtoknowtheadditionalbenefitsthatanextrayearinschoolwouldoffer(highersalariesthroughoutlifeandthesheerjoyoflearning),28(combine)withtheadditionalcoststhatyouwouldpay(tuitionandtheforgonesalarieswhileyouareinschool).Bycomparingthesemarginalbenefitsandmarginalcosts,youcanevaluatewhethertheextrayearisworthwhileandmakethebestdecision29isinyourinterest.As30(show)inthisexample,individualsandfirmscanmakebetterdecisionsbythinkingatthemargin.Arationaldecision-makertakesanactionifandonlyifthemarginalbenefitoftheactionexceedsthemarginalcost.【答案】21．When22．insteadof/ratherthan23．existing24．what25．that26．a(chǎn)redeciding27．Tomake28．combined29．that30．isshown/shown【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇說明文，介紹了邊際思維在我們生活中的重要性、運用及好處。21．考查狀語從句連詞。句意：當(dāng)考試來臨的時候，你要做的決定不是放棄考試還是24小時學(xué)習(xí)，而是是否多花一個小時復(fù)習(xí)筆記而不是看電視。分析句子可知，空處缺少從屬連詞，引導(dǎo)狀語從句，結(jié)合句意，表示“當(dāng)考試來臨時”，用when引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句。故填When。22．考查短語。句意：當(dāng)考試來臨的時候，你要做的決定不是放棄考試還是24小時學(xué)習(xí)，而是是否多花一個小時復(fù)習(xí)筆記而不是看電視。根據(jù)reviewingyournotes及watchingTV可知，空前空后為并列結(jié)構(gòu)，且表示“而不是”，可以填寫insteadof或者ratherthan。故填insteadof/ratherthan。23．考查形容詞。句意：經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家使用術(shù)語“邊際變化”來描述對現(xiàn)有行動計劃的微小調(diào)整。分析句子可知，空處缺少定語修飾plan，表示“現(xiàn)存的”，用對應(yīng)的形容詞existing。故填existing。24．考查賓語從句連接詞。句意：邊際是“邊緣”的意思，所以邊際變化是圍繞你所做事情的邊緣進(jìn)行的調(diào)整。分析句子可知，of為介詞，其后句子是賓語從句，從句部分缺少doing的賓語，用連接代詞what引導(dǎo)賓語從句。故填what。25．考查代詞。句意：如果他幫你比較一個有博士學(xué)位的人的生活方式和一個小學(xué)輟學(xué)的人的生活方式，你可能會抱怨這種比較對你的決定沒有幫助。根據(jù)句意可知，比較的是博士和小學(xué)輟學(xué)人的生活方式，在同一個句子中進(jìn)行比較，用that/those指代句子的主語，lifestyle為單數(shù)，用that。故填that。26．考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：你已經(jīng)接受了一些教育，很可能正在決定是否在學(xué)校多讀一兩年。根據(jù)Youhavesomeeducationalready可知，語境表示正在決定是否繼續(xù)讀書，用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時bedoing，主語為you，be動詞用are。故填aredeciding。27．考查非謂語動詞。句意：為了做出這個決定，你需要知道多上一年學(xué)能帶來的額外好處（一生中更高的薪水和純粹的學(xué)習(xí)樂趣），以及你要支付的額外成本（學(xué)費和在校期間放棄的工資）。根據(jù)語境可知，空處表示目的，用動詞不定式tomake表示目的。故填Tomake。28．考查非謂語動詞。句意：為了做出這個決定，你需要知道多上一年學(xué)能帶來的額外好處（一生中更高的薪水和純粹的學(xué)習(xí)樂趣），以及你要支付的額外成本（學(xué)費和在校期間放棄的工資）。分析本句可知，空處要用非謂語動詞，結(jié)合with，空處表示“與……結(jié)合”，用過去分詞。故填combined。29．考查定語從句關(guān)系詞。句意：通過比較這些邊際收益和邊際成本，你可以評估額外一年是否值得，并做出符合你利益的最佳決定。分析句子可知，空處缺少關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)定語從句，先行詞為decision，由thebest修飾，此處用關(guān)系代詞that引導(dǎo)從句，作主語。故填that。30．考查動詞時態(tài)和語態(tài)及省略。句意：正如這個例子所示，個人和公司可以通過考慮邊際來做出更好的決策。As引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，從句缺少謂語，表示“被展示”，用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)，asisshown意思為：正如所示，此處is可以省略。故填isshown/shown。SectionBDirections:ineachblankwithathebox.Eachcanbeonlyonce.NotethatisoneyouA．liveB．a(chǎn)daptedC．perspectiveD．maximizeE.costumesF.injectG.creditedH.directorialI.publicityJ.prospectK.integratedYoungChineseoperadirectorbroadenstraditionalartform“Chineseoperaartislikeahugesponge,constantlyabsorbing,transforming,mergingandflourishing,”saystraditionalChineseoperadirectorLiZhuoqun,whois31withcreatingamarketfortraditionaloperashowsinsmalltheatersacrossChina.Performedin2013,LiZhuoqun’sfirst32work“DeathDoUsPart”isastory33fromthe14th-centuryChineseclassicnovel“WaterMargin”.Li,agraduateoftheNationalAcademyofChineseTheaterArts,saysthatperformingthisclassicpiecefortoday’saudienceisanexperimentandachallenge.“Wedecidedtoshortenthedivorcescenethatlastedfourorfivedaysinorderto34theeffectofourvocalsanddramaticperformances.Wealsoinvitedmoderndancerstoworkwithus.We35theperformancemethodsoftraditionaloperawiththerhythmofmodemdance.”Lidefinesherteamas“small,deep,refinedandbroad”.Sheexplained,“‘Small’initssize,volumeand36.‘Deep’referstoourperformanceandthedepthofthescript.‘Refined’referstotheproductionofthe37makeup,props,soundandlight.‘Broad’referstoits38andoperation.”“Wetargetallagesandawideraudience.”ToLi,traditionaloperais“theartofregret”duetotheuniquecharmof39performances.Sheaimstoallowtheaudiencetoenjoyeveryminuteoftheshowanddrawmorepeopletothetheater.Lisaid,“Wehopetofindapossibilityforsmalltheateroperatomakeabreakthroughintermsofthemarketandtargetaudience.Withthedevelopmentofaesthetics(審美)andsociety,ourgenerationneedsto40awiderandmorevariedartisticvocabularyintotraditionalopera.Yetitshouldstilldeveloponthebasisofmaintainingthecharacteristicsoftraditionalopera.”【答案】31．G32．H33．B34．D35．K36．C37．E38．I39．A40．F【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了中國戲曲青年導(dǎo)演拓寬了傳統(tǒng)藝術(shù)形式。31．考查動詞。句意：“中國戲曲藝術(shù)就像一塊巨大的海綿，不斷地吸收、改造、融合和繁榮，”中國傳統(tǒng)戲曲導(dǎo)演李卓群說，他被認(rèn)為為中國各地的小劇場創(chuàng)造了傳統(tǒng)戲曲表演市場。根據(jù)句意可知，此處表示“被認(rèn)為”，credited符合句意，與空前is構(gòu)成一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)。故選G。32．考查形容詞。句意：2013年，李卓群導(dǎo)演的第一部作品《至死不渝》上映，故事改編自14世紀(jì)中國經(jīng)典小說《水滸傳》。根據(jù)句意可知，此處表示“導(dǎo)演的”，directorial符合句意，修飾名詞work，作定語。故選H。33．考查非謂語動詞。句意：2013年，李卓群導(dǎo)演的第一部作品《至死不渝》上映，故事改編自14世紀(jì)中國經(jīng)典小說《水滸傳》。根據(jù)句意可知，此處表示“改編”，adapted符合句意，屬于過去分詞，作后置定語。故選B。34．考查動詞。句意：為了最大限度地發(fā)揮我們的聲音和戲劇效果，我們決定縮短4、5天的離婚場面。根據(jù)句意可知，此處表示“使增加到最大限度”，maximize符合句意，固定搭配inordertodosth.，空處使用動詞原形。故選D。35．考查動詞。句意：我們將傳統(tǒng)戲曲的表演方法與現(xiàn)代舞的節(jié)奏相結(jié)合。根據(jù)句意可知，此處表示“（使）合并，成為一體”，integrated符合句意，此處是一般過去時。故選K。36．考查名詞。句意：“小”是指它的大小、體積和視角。根據(jù)句意可知，此處表示“視角”，perspective符合句意。故選C。37．考查名詞。句意：“精致”指的是服裝、化妝、道具、聲光的制作。根據(jù)句意可知，此處表示“服裝”，costumes符合句意。故選E。38．考查名詞。句意：“廣”指的是宣傳和經(jīng)營。根據(jù)句意可知，此處表示“宣傳”，publicity符合句意。故選I。39．考查形容詞。句意：對李來說，由于現(xiàn)場表演的獨特魅力，傳統(tǒng)戲曲是“遺憾的藝術(shù)”。根據(jù)句意可知，此處表示“現(xiàn)場的”，live符合句意，修飾名詞performances，作定語。故選A。40．考查動詞。句意：隨著審美和社會的發(fā)展，我們這代人需要為傳統(tǒng)戲曲注入更廣泛、更豐富的藝術(shù)詞匯。根據(jù)句意可知，此處表示“注入”，inject符合句意，固定搭配needtodo，空處使用動詞原形。故選F。III.ReadingComprehension(共45分。41-45每題1分；56-70每題2分)SectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA.B.CandD.FillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontextClaraDalywasseatedonanAlaskaAirlinesflightfromBostontoLosAngeleswhenaflightattendant(服務(wù)員)askedanurgentquestionovertheloudspeaker:“DoesanyoneonboardknowAmericanSignLanguage?”Clarapressedthecallbutton.Theflightattendant41andexplainedthesituation.“Wehaveapassengerontheplanewho’s42anddeaf”,shesaid.Thepassengerseemedtowantsomething,buthewastravelingaloneandtheflightattendantscouldn’t43whatheneeded.ClarahadbeenstudyingASLforthepastyearandwasabletofingerspellontheman’shand.Soshe44herseatbelt,walkedtowardthefrontoftheplane,and45bytheseatofthepassenger.TimCookGentlytakinghishand,shewrote:“Howareyou?AreyouOK?”Timaskedforsomewater.Whenitarrived,Clarareturnedtoherseat.ShecameagainabitlaterbecauseTimwantedtoknowthetime.Claragothimtoknowthatitwasnearly10a.m.Onherthird46,shestoppedandstayedforawhile.“Wow,thisiscool”Clarasaidtotheflightattendant.Infact,hedidn’tneedanything.Hewasjust47andwantedtotalk.”Soforthenexthour,theywereboth48,chattingwitheachother.Shetalkedaboutherfamilyandher49forthefuture(shewantstobeapolitician).TimtoldClarahowhehad50becomeblindovertimeand51storiesofhisdaysasatravelingsalesman.“Clarawas52,”theflightattendanttoldNewYorkTimesduringanonline53.“YoucouldseeTimwasveryexcitedtohavesomeonehecould54with,andClarawaslikea(an)55,appearinginneed,unexpectedly.”Cook’sreaction:“BesttripI’veeverhad.”41．A．a(chǎn)pproached B．spanned C．demonstrated D．delivered42．A．damp B．lame C．sick D．blind43．A．distinguish B．mention C．motivate D．comprehend44．A．left B．tied C．unfastened D．broke45．A．stoodup B．bentover C．laydown D．turnedover46．A．journey B．chat C．letter D．visit47．A．terrified B．pleasant C．lonely D．delighted48．A．displayed B．regretful C．relaxed D．lucky49．A．courses B．schedules C．contradictions D．issues50．A．generally B．immediately C．increasingly D．gradually51．A．shared B．forgot C．repeated D．complained52．A．tense B．a(chǎn)shamed C．selfish D．caring53．A．interview B．job C．lesson D．opportunity54．A．live B．work C．communicate D．start55．A．a(chǎn)ttendant B．a(chǎn)ngel C．hostess D．dancer【答案】41．A42．D43．D44．C45．B46．D47．C48．C49．B50．D51．A52．D53．A54．C55．B【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了航班上的熱心乘客Clara學(xué)過手語，幫助航班上的聾啞人Tim解決了所需，并陪他聊天度過漫長的飛行時間的故事。41．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：空乘走近并解釋了情況。A.approached靠近，走近；B.spanned持續(xù)，橫跨；C.demonstrated證明；D.delivered遞送。根據(jù)前文“whenaflightattendant(服務(wù)員)askedanurgentquestionovertheloudspeaker:“DoesanyoneonboardknowAmericanSignLanguage?”Clarapressedthecallbutton.”可知，空乘詢問是否有人懂手語，Clara按下了按鈕，因此空乘向她走近，并解釋了情況，故選A。42．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她說道：“飛機(jī)上有個聾啞人”。A.damp潮濕的；B.lame瘸的，跛的；C.sick生病的；D.blind瞎的。根據(jù)后文的詞義復(fù)現(xiàn)“TimtoldClarahowhehad10becomeblindovertime”可知，Tim告訴Clara他是如何失明的，故此處指這位乘客是既是盲人又是聾子，故選D。43．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這位乘客似乎想要什么東西，但是他獨自前行，空乘無法理解他需要什么。A.distinguish區(qū)別，區(qū)分；B.mention提到，提及；C.motivate激勵，刺激；D.comprehend理解，懂得。根據(jù)前文““Wehaveapassengerontheplanewho’s2anddeaf”,shesaid.”可知，飛機(jī)上的這位乘客既是盲人又是聾子，故空乘無法理解他所需要的東西，故選D。44．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：因此她解開安全帶，向飛機(jī)前排走去，并在這位乘客的座位旁俯下身來。A.left離開；B.tied系；C.unfastened解開，松開；D.broke打破，打碎。根據(jù)空后“walkedtowardthefrontoftheplane,”可知，她向飛機(jī)的前排走過，故此處指解開安全帶，故選C。45．考查動詞短語詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.stoodup站起來；B.bentover俯下身；C.laydown躺下；D.turnedover轉(zhuǎn)過身。根據(jù)空后“bytheseatofthepassenger”可知，她是在這位乘客座位旁俯下身來詢問他，故選B。46．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在她第三次去的時候，他在那里逗留并待了一會兒。A.journey旅行；B.chat聊天；C.letter信；D.visit到訪，詢問。根據(jù)前文“ShecameagainabitlaterbecauseTimwantedtoknowthetime.Claragothimtoknowthatitwasnearly10a.m.”可知，之前Clara因為Tim想要喝水和詢問時間去了兩次，故此次是第三次到訪，第三次詢問，故選D。47．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他只是有點孤獨，想要與人聊天。A.terrified害怕的；B.pleasant愉快的；C.lonely孤獨的；D.delighted高興的。根據(jù)空后“wantedtotalk”可知，他想要與人聊天，故他是孤獨的，故選C。48．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：因此，接下來的四個小時，他們都很放松，相互聊天。A.displayed被展示的；B.regretful后悔的；C.relaxed放松的；D.lucky幸運的。根據(jù)后文“Shetalkedaboutherfamilyandher9forthefuture(shewantstobeapolitician).TimtoldClarahowhehad10becomeblindovertimeand11storiesofhisdaysasatravelingsalesman.”可知，他們相互介紹自己的故事、家人和遭遇，故此處指他們輕松地聊著天，故選C。49．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她談?wù)撈鹚募胰艘约拔磥淼囊?guī)劃，她想要成為一名政客。A.courses道路，總方向；B.schedules日程安排；C.contradictions矛盾；D.issues問題。根據(jù)空后“forthefuture(shewantstobeapolitician)”可知，她未來想要成為一名政客，故此處指她談起她未來的的規(guī)劃，故選B。50．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：Tim告訴Clara他是如何隨著時間的推移而漸漸地失明的，并分享了他作為旅行推銷員的故事。A.generally一般地；B.immediately立刻，馬上；C.increasingly越來越；D.gradually漸漸地，逐漸地。根據(jù)空后“becomeblindovertime”可知，隨著時間的推移而失明，故此處指漸漸地失明，故選D。51．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.shared分享；B.forgot忘記；C.repeated重復(fù)；D.complained抱怨。根據(jù)空后“storiesofhisdaysasatravelingsalesman”可知，此處指分享他作為旅行推銷員的故事，故選A。52．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在一次網(wǎng)上的采訪中，Clara告訴《紐約時報》：“Clara是很有愛心的”。A.tense緊張的；B.ashamed羞愧的；C.selfish自私的；D.caring有愛心的。根據(jù)前文“Soforthenexthour,theywereboth8,chattingwitheachother.”可知，Clara陪盲人Tim在飛機(jī)上聊天，以排解Tim的孤獨可知，Clara是一個有愛心的人。故選D。53．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.interview采訪；B.job工作；C.lesson課程；D.opportunity機(jī)會。根據(jù)前文“theflightattendanttoldNewYorkTimes”可知，空乘向《紐約時報》講述這件事，故是在一次網(wǎng)上采訪中，故選A。54．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：你可以看到，有人和Tim聊天，Tim和激動，Clara就像一個天使，在需要她的時候出現(xiàn)了。A.live生活；B.work工作；C.communicate交流，聊天；D.start啟動。根據(jù)前文“Soforthenexthour,theywereboth8,chattingwitheachother.”可知，Clara陪盲人Tim在飛機(jī)上聊天，以排解Tim的孤獨可知，故Tim很激動，因為有人陪他聊天，故選C。55．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：你可以看到，有人和Tim聊天，Tim和激動，Clara就像一個天使，在需要她的時候出現(xiàn)了。A.attendant乘務(wù)員；B.angel天使；C.hostess主持人；D.dancer舞蹈者。根據(jù)空后“appearinginneed”可知，在最需要她的時候出現(xiàn)了，故她就像天使一樣，故填B。SectionB Directions:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)Photosynthesis(光合作用)isauniqueskillofgreenplants—theyturnwaterandcarbondioxideintooxygenandfoodviasunlight.AgroupofChinesescientists,however,“copied”theprocessonanimals.Tounderstandthenewbreakthrough,itisimportanttoknowhowphotosynthesisworks.Plantstakeincarbondioxideandwaterfromtheairandsoil.Withintheplantcell,thewaterisoxidized.Thistransformsthewaterintooxygenandthecarbondioxideintoglucose(葡萄糖).Theplantthenreleasestheoxygenbackintotheairandstoresenergywithintheglucosemolecules.Inthestudy,theresearchersfromZhejiangUniversitydevelopedanindependentandcontrollablephotosyntheticsystem,accordingtothestudypublishedinNatureinearlyDecember,2022.Theyseparatedthylakoids(類囊體),apartofthecellwherelightreactionstakeplaceinplants,fromyoungspinachleaves.Thescientiststhenwrappedthethylakoidswiththecoverofanimalcells,whichmadetheimplantedthylakoidsmoreacceptabletoforeignbodies.Themiceusedinthestudyweresufferingfromarthritis,meaningcellsintheircartilagehaddegeneratedandcouldnotberepairedbythemselves.Withthethylakoidsimplantedintothemiceandexposedtolight,themicerecovered.Theirmetabolismreturnedtonormal.Inarthritis,thepatientsusuallyhaveenergylosssincefewerenergy-carryingmoleculesaregenerated.Theimplant,however,cancorrecttheimbalancebystoringmoreenergyviaphotosynthesis.Theresearchersalsoclaimedthattheirtestswouldhavemedicalusage.Itcanbeusedaspartofthesolutionfordegenerativediseasesbecausethenaturalphotosynthesissystemmayrepaircells.Itmayalsodelaytheagingprocessincells.Thestudyshowed“anexcitingachievementthatopensuppossibilitiesofmetabolismengineering,”commentedoneofthepaper’sreviewersFranciscoCejudofromtheUniversityofSevilleinSpain,reportedXinhua.56．Whatismainlymentionedintheparagraph2?A．Thetheorybehindtheexperiment. B．Thebackgroundoftheexperiment.C．Theproceduresoftheexperiment. D．Theeffectsoftheexperiment.57．Accordingtothepassage,whatisthefollowinginformationtrue?A．AgroupofChinesescientistscopiedthephotosynthesisofanimalsonplants.B．Theplaceinwhichtheplantstoresenergyisthylakoids.C．Thethylakoidswrappedbyanimalcellsmakeitselfacceptedwitheasebyforeignbodies.D．Thistherapyhasbeenusedaspartofthesolutionfordegenerativediseases.58．Whatistheattitudeofacommentatortowardstheexistingstudiesaboutthestudy?A．Cautious. B．Approving. C．Doubtful. D．Uncertain.59．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A．EffectivePhotosynthesis.B．BreakthroughsmadebyagroupofChinesescientists.C．ChinesescientistswhocopiedPhotosynthesisonanimals.D．ChinesescientistscopiedPhotosynthesisonanimals.【答案】56．A57．C58．B59．D【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。本文講述了一個中國科學(xué)團(tuán)隊在動物身上“復(fù)制”了植物所特有的光合作用的全過程。56．主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“AgroupofChinesescientists,however,”copied”theprocessonanimals.(然而，一群中國科學(xué)家在動物身上“復(fù)制”了這一過程。)”及第二段“Tounderstandthenewbreakthrough,itisimportanttoknowhowphotosynthesisworksPlantstakeincarbondioxideandwaterfromtheairandsoil.Withintheplantcell,thewaterisoxidized.Thistransformsthewaterintooxygenandthecarbondioxideintoglucose(葡萄糖).Theplantthenreleasestheoxygenbackintotheairandstoresenergywithintheglucosemolecules.Inthestudy,theresearchersfromZhejiangUniversitydevelopedanindependentandcontrollablephotosyntheticsystem,accordingtothestudypublishedinNatureinearlyDecember,2022.(為了理解這一新的突破，了解光合作用是如何工作的是很重要的。植物從空氣和土壤中吸收二氧化碳和水。在植物細(xì)胞內(nèi)，水被氧化。這個過程將水轉(zhuǎn)