2022“外研社國(guó)才杯”全國(guó)英語(yǔ)閱讀大賽樣題

2022“外研社?國(guó)才杯”全國(guó)英語(yǔ)閱讀大賽樣題

2022/05/1323:33:21

賽題分值說(shuō)明：

1.線上初賽：題型僅為客觀題,即ReadandKnow,ReadandReason,ReadandQuestion三

個(gè)模塊，共4()題，答題時(shí)間為110分鐘，滿分100分。第1-3題每題1分，第4-9題每題2

分，第10題5分，第11-30題每題3分，第31-40題每題2分。

2.省級(jí)決賽和全國(guó)決賽：題型包含客觀題和主觀題，即ReadandKnow,ReadandReason,

ReadandQuestion,ReadandCreate四個(gè)模塊，共41題,答題時(shí)間為150分鐘,滿分100

分。第1-3題每題1分，第4-9題每題2分，第10題5分，第11-30題每題1.5分，第31-40

題每題2分，第41題30分。

ReadandKnow模塊考查選手的閱讀廣度和基礎(chǔ)閱讀技能,ReadandReason模塊考查選手對(duì)

不同體裁和題材短篇文本的閱讀能力以及閱讀邏輯,ReadandQuestion模塊考查選手對(duì)跨語(yǔ)

篇較長(zhǎng)文本的綜合信息處理和判斷能力,ReadandCreate模塊考查選手基于閱讀理解的寫(xiě)作

輸出能力。

注：本樣題僅供了解大賽題型，文末附有參考答案。查看更多大賽真題，請(qǐng)見(jiàn)備賽數(shù)字課

程《閱讀大賽真題一2021》.

PartIReadandKnow

InPartI,youwillreadshorttextsofvariouskinds.Readtheinstructionscarefullyand

answerthequestions.(Suggestedcompletiontime:20minutes)

Questions1-3(Suggestedcompletiontime:3minutes)

Directions:Readthefollowingquotes.Matchthequoteswiththepeople.Pleasenotetherearetwo

extraoptionsyoudonotneed.

1.Givemealeverlongenoughandafulcrumon

whichtoplaceit,andIshallmovetheworld.A.JohnLocke

2.MoralityisnotthedoctrineofhowwemaymakeB.Archimedes

ourselveshappy,buthowwemaymakeCAristotle

ourselvesworthyofhappiness.D.ImmanuelKant

3.Youcan'tconnectthedotslookingforward;youE.SteveJobs

canonlyconnectthemlookingbackwards.So

youhavetotrustthatthedotswillsomehow

connectinyourfuture.

Question4(Suggestedcompletiontime:2minutes)

Directions:Readthetextandanswerthequestionaccordingtothetext.

Toensurethehighstandardsoffacilitiesweneedtobuildnewwards,laboratoriesand

consultingrooms.Inshort,weneedyourhelpnow.Completethecoupontodayandrestassured

thatyourdonationisgoingtothebestpossiblecause.

4.Whereisthepieceoftexttakenfrom?

A.anadvertisement

B.aninstructionbooklet

C.astory

D.anewspaper

Question5(Suggestedcompletiontime:2minutes)

Directions:Readthetextandanswerthequestionaccordingtothetext.

Fewcornersoftheworldremainuntaintedbyintrepidtourists,andtheirimpactisoften

devastating.Toofrequentlytheytrampleheedlesslyonfragileenvironments,displacingwildlife

andlocalpopulationsintheirinsatiablequestforunexploredlocations.

5.Whatisthebesttitleforthistext?

A.TheFutureofTourism

B.TheRoleofTourism

C.ThePriceofTourism

D.TheBenefitsofTourism

Question6(Suggestedcompletiontime:2minutes)

Directions:Readthetextandanswerthequestionaccordingtothetext.

eB^K

WithE-booksalesincreasingbymorethan300%forthesecondyear,publishersdelivering

newrevenuestreamsthroughE-bookApps,andacademicpublisherslonghavingderivedsome90%

oftheirrevenueonline,itisatravestytodescribeallthisasthepublishingworldbeing"indenial*'

aboutdigital.

6.Whatisthemainideaofthistext?

A.PublishersaremakingprofitsfromE-booksales.

B.Notallpublishersarethreatenedbydigitalstorms.

C.E-booksbecomeamainsourceofrevenueforpublishers.

D.Traditionalpublishingindustryisdyingout.

Question7(Suggestedcompletiontime:2minutes)

Directions:Readthetextandanswerthequestionaccordingtothetext.

Withourtravelagency,theholidayyoubookistheholidayyouget.Ifyouarriveandfind

we'vefailedtoliveuptoourpromises,letusknowwhattheproblemiswithinonedayofyour

arrival.We'llspend24hoursdoingeverythingpossibletosorttheproblemout.Intheunlikely

eventthatwecan'tresolveyourproblemandmakeyouhappywithin24hours,we'llflyyouhome

andgiveyourmoneyback.

7.Thetextcouldbestbedescribedas.

A.acommitment

B.anappeal

C.awarning

D.avow

Question8(Suggestedcompletiontime:2minutes)

Directions:Readthetextandanswerthequestionaccordingtothetext.

Thenewdigitalcamerasaregreatfunandveryeasytouse.Theyletyoureviewyour

picturesthemomentyoutakethem,soyoucanre-shootrightawayifyou'renotsatisfied.But

remember,adigitalcameraisjustacomputerXXXX.It'snotareplacementforyourordinary

camera.

8.WhatisthemeaningofthemissingwordXXXXinthetext?

A.”somethingthatispoorquality"

B.*'anitemthatisnotessential,somethingextra"

C."somethingexpensivebutgoodvalueformoney"

D."afashionwhichalwaysremainspopular1'

Question9(Suggestedcompletiontime:2minutes)

Directions:Readthetextandanswerthequestionaccordingtothetext.

Shehadgonealone,butthechildrenweretogotothestationtomeether.Andlovingthe

stationastheydid,itwasonlynaturalthattheyshouldbethereagoodhourbeforetherewasany

chanceofMother'strainarriving,evenifthetrainwerepunctual,whichwasmostunlikely.

9.Whatcanyousayabouttheirmother'strain?

A.Itwouldprobablybeearly.

B.Itwouldprobablybeontime.

C.Itwouldprobablybelate.

D.Ithadbeencancelled.

Question10(Suggestedcompletiontime:5minutes)

Directions:Thebarchartshowsthenumberandproportionofundernourishedpeopleinthe

developingregions,from1990-1992to2014-2016.Answerthequestionaccordingtothe

informationinthechart.

Numberandproportionofundernourishedpeople

inthedevelopingregions,from1990-1992to2014-2016

■Leftaxis:numberofundernourishedpeople

Rightaxis:proportionofundernourishedpeople

▲Rightaxis:2015target

Source:TheMillenniumDevelopmentGoals(MDG)Report2015

10.ChoosetheINCORRECTdescriptionaboutthechart.

A.Thelatestestimatessuggestthatnearlyoneinnineindividualsdonothaveenoughtoeat

between2014and2016.

B.Projectionsindicatethatthe2015MDGtargetisnearlyreached,with12.9percentof

undernourishedpopulation.

C.Thesituationnoticeablyimprovedduringtheyears1995-1999,butwentdowninthefirst

fiveyearsofthenewmillennium.

D.Theproportionofundernourishedpeopleinthedevelopingregionshasfallenbyalmosthalf

since1990.

PartIIReadandReason

InPartII,youwillreadshorttextsondifferentsubjects.Readtheinstructionscarefullyand

answerthequestionsbasedonlogicalinferenceandreasoning.(Suggestedcompletiontime:

55minutes)

Question11(Suggestedcompletiontime:4minutes)

Directions:Readthefollowingdefinitionofalogicalfallacy.Answerthequestionaccordingto

thedefinition.

PoisoningtheWell

Poisoningthewellisarhetoricaltechniqueandlogicalfallacywhereadverse

informationaboutatargetispreemptivelypresentedtoanaudience,withthe

intentionofdiscreditingorridiculingeverythingthatthetargetpersonisabout

tosay.Itusestheassociationofnegativeemotionstodistractasubjectfrom

actualevidenceinanargument.y

11.Whichofthefollowingprovidesatypicalexampleofpoisoningthewell?

A.That'smystanceonfundingtheeducationsystem,andanyonewhodisagreeswithmehates

children.

B.Youaresoweird.Thatmeans——weareprettymuchsure——thatyourwholefamilyisweird,

too.

C.GodexistsbecausetheBiblesaysso.TheBibleisinspired.Therefore,weknowthatGod

exists.

D.Idon'tcarewhatyousay.Wedon'tneedanymorebookshelves.Aslongasthecarpetis

clean,wearefine.

Question12(Suggestedcompletiontime:4minutes)

Directions:Lookatthefollowingpictureandthenanswerthequestion.

1HAVENEVERSEENfOOD

tHMISNOtCIRCLtSHfiPED."IHAVENEVERSEENfOODtHfit

AllFOODIS1HEHEFOREDOESNOtHAVEStfifilWtEMES：

DEfINItEWCIRCLESHflPEir

12.Whichofthefollowinglogicalfallaciesdoesthepictureillustrate?

A.FalseDilemma:anargumentthatpresentsalimitedsetoftwopossiblecategoriesand

assumesthateverythinginthescopeofthediscussionmustbeanelementofthatset

B.GuiltbyAssociation:afallacyusedtodiscreditanargumentforproposinganideathatis

sharedbysomesociallydemonizedindividualorgroup

C.NoTrueScotsman:anargumentcomingupaftersomeonehasmadeageneralclaimabout

agroupofthingsandthenbeenpresentedwithevidencechallengingthatclaim

D.HastyGeneralization:afallacycommittedwhenoneformsaconclusionfromasamplethat

iseithertoosmallortoospecialtoberepresentative

Questions13-14Reasoning(Suggestedcompletiontime:10minutes)

13.Manypeoplereportthatexposuretocertainfoodsanddrinkssuchascheese,chocolate,and

redwine,isassociatedwiththeonsetofmigraineheadaches.Otherpeoplereportthatexposureto

certainsmells(especiallystrongperfumes)seemstotriggeramigraineheadache,andsomenote

thatexposuretobrightandflickeringlightscanbefollowedbyamigraine.Itwouldseemthata

personwithatendencytogetmigrainesshouldtrytofindoutwhichofthesesituationsis

associatedwiththeonsetoftheheadacheandthenavoidthisstimulus.

Allofthefollowing,iftrue,wouldmaketheaboverecommendationimpracticalexcept:

A.Thetimedelaybetweenthetriggerandtheonsetoftheheadachecanmakeitexceptionally

difficulttoidentifythetrigger.

B.Thepresenceofaknowntriggerdoesn*talwayscauseamigraine.

C.Inahighproportionofcasesthepatientsreportmultipletriggersfortheirheadaches.

D.Mostoftheknowntriggersarecommonandalmostunavoidablefeaturesofmodernlife.

14.Richard:Thenationalbudgetshouldprovidesignificantincreasesinalllevelsof

educationintheupcomingyear.

Natalie:That'snotfair.Areductionindefensespendinginpeacetimemaybringus

excessiverisks.Wecan'taffordit.

WhichofthefollowingisthebestinterpretationofNatalie'sargument?

A.Fundssavedfromdefensehavebeendivertedtoalllevelsofeducation.

B.Highlightingspendingoneducationdangerouslyimpactsonspendingonthemilitary.

C.Thesizeofthemilitarybudgetreflectsastate'sabilitytofundeducationalactivities.

D.Comparedwithmilitaryspending,investingineducationwillcreateafinancialcrisis.

Questions15-17(Suggestedcompletiontime:6minutes)

Directions:Readthetextaboutasciencediscovery.Answerthequestionsaccordingtothetext.

ManipulatingMemory

Memoryisnotoriouslymalleable.Ourrecollectionsfadeandtakeonnewmeanings;sometimes

werememberthingsthatneverevenhappened.But15.

Recently,however,scientistshavestartedtograspandtinkerwithmemory'sphysicalbasis.Last

year,inworkevocativeoffilmssuchasEternalSunshineoftheSpotlessMindandInception,

researchersdiscoveredwaystomanipulatespecificmemoriesinmiceusingoptogenetics,a

powerfultechniquethatcantriggernervecellsinanimals'brainsbyzappingthemwithbeamsof

laserlight.Inaseriesofexperiments,theyshowedthattheycoulddeleteexistingmemories

and"incept“falseones.

Thisyear,researcherswentevenfurther:switchingtheemotionalcontentofamemoryinmice

frombadtogoodandviceversa.Underthelaser,forexample,malemicethathadonceassociated

acertainroomwithbeingshockedweretrickedintoactingasthoughtheyhadoncemetfriendly

femalemicethereinstead.

Whetherthemiceintheseexperimentsactuallyexperiencedvividfalsememoriesorjustafuzzy

senseofpleasureorfearisunclear.Norisitclearwhetherthefindingsapplytothetricksof

memorysofamiliartopeople.Long-soughttherapeuticadvances,suchastreatmentsfor

post-traumaticstressdisorder,couldremainfaroff.Onethingiscertain,however:Once

consideredbeyondscientificdissection,memoryisfinallystartingtoyielditssecrets.

15.Whichofthefollowingbestfitsthenumberedspaceinthetext?

A.whatisreallyhappeninginourbrainasmemoriesareremodeledremainsmysterious

B.scientistsarecuriousaboutwhypeopleareoblivioustowhathavehappenedtothem

C.advancedtechnologyhashelpedscientistsdiscovertheworkingsofourbrain

D.somescientistsarguethatwhatweobserveabouthumanmemoryisnotwhatitreallyis

16.Theword"incept"isclosestinmeaningto.

A.operate

B.start

C.detect

D.occupy

17.Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthetext?

A.People'sfalsememoriesresultfromtheimpactofdifferentemotionprovokedbylater

experienceonthesamespot.

B.Thesuccessinresearchindicatesthatitwon'tbelongthatatherapyisworkedoutforpeople

disturbedbypainfulmemory.

C.Byzappingthebraincellsofmicewithlight,researchersareabletocreate,erase,oralter

theirmemories,goodorbad.

D.Manyfancyideasinsciencefictionsormoviesthatarebasedonthemactuallydrawgreatly

uponscientificachievement.

Questions18-19(Suggestedcompletiontime:4minutes)

Directions:Readthetextaboutcholera.DecidewhetherthestatementsareTrueorFalse

accordingtothetext.

AchildreceivestheoralcholeravaccineShanchol

Choleraiscausedbyabacterialinfectionoftheintestine.Approximatelyonein20people

infectedwithcholerahasaseriouscase,withsymptomsincludingseverediarrhea,vomiting,and

legcramps.Thesesymptomsquicklycausedehydrationandshock,andcanresultindeathwithin

hoursiftheinfectedpersondoesn'treceivetreatment.Choleraistypicallytransmittedby

contaminatedfoodorwater.Inareaswithpoortreatmentofsewageanddrinkingwater,thefeces

ofpeoplewithcholeracanenterthewatersupplyandspreadquickly,resultinginanepidemic.

Thecholerabacteriummayalsoliveintheenvironmentinsomecoastalwaters,soshellfisheaten

rawcanbeasourceofcholerainaffectedareas.

18.Choleraisknowntobealife-threateningdiseasewhicheasilycausesdeathofmostofthe

patients.

True()False()

19.Choleratypicallyoccursinareasneartheseaortheriverwherecontaminatedfoodisamajor

sourceofthedisease.

True()False()

Questions20-21(Suggestedcompletiontime:5minutes)

Directions:ReadtheabstractofaresearchpaperfromtheDeepMindwebsite.Decidewhetherthe

statementsareTrueorFalseaccordingtotheabstract.

CGoogleDeepMind

OURMUMQN

combin*Vwbelttecnniqs,fromm?ch?fwendsystemstobuildpovwdu)xeMpurpM*

alQOotfvn*

TeachingMachinestoReadandComprehend

Authors:K.M.Hermann,T.Kocisky,E.Grefenstette,L.Espeholt,W.Kay,M.Suleyman,P.

Blunsom

Published:NIPS2015

Abstract:Teachingmachinestoreadnaturallanguagedocumentsremainsanelusivechallenge.

Machinereadingsystemscanbetestedontheirabilitytoanswerquestionsposedonthecontents

ofdocumentsthattheyhaveseen,butuntilnowlargescaletrainingandtestdatasetshavebeen

missingforthistypeofevaluation.Inthisworkwedefineanewmethodologythatresolvesthis

bottleneckandprovideslargescalesupervisedreadingcomprehensiondata.Thisallowsusto

developaclassofattentionbaseddeepneuralnetworksthatlearntoreadrealdocumentsand

answercomplexquestionswithminimalpriorknowledgeoflanguagestructure.

20.Previousstudiesdidn'ltakeconstantefforttoevaluatethereadingabilityofartificial

intelligencemachines,whichwaswhythepresentresearchwasconducted.

True()False()

21.Oneimplicationoftheresearchisthatamethodologythathelpsgatherandhandlebigdatais

indispensabletoartificialintelligencerelatedstudies.

True()False()

Questions22-23(Suggestedcompletiontime:6minutes)

Directions:Readthetextaboutthe"Thinksmall'*advertisingcampaign.Answerthequestions

accordingtothetext.

ThinkSmall

Thinksmall.

C0UK1C2Y.DoeHEMrOUK

Ifyou'reinterestedinmarketingandadvertising,Volkswagen's"Thinksmall'*campaignforthe

BeetlewhenitwasfirstintroducedtoNorthAmericain1959loomslargeasoneofthegreatest

advertisingcampaignsofalltime.Itwasn'tjustarevolutioninautomotiveadvertising;itchanged

theentireindustry.

UntiltheBeetlehitthemarket,automotivemarketingcopywasfullofbluster,andtheimages

wereflightsoffancy,emphasizinglow,longlinesandafantasylifestyle.

Theclean,simplephotographyonawhitebackgroundthatemphasizedtheBeetle'scompact,

practicalformmayseemcommonplacethesedays,butitwasarevolutioninaworldwhere

Americansgrewupobsessedwithmusclecars,horsepower,andtiresmoke.Makingthecarsmall,

whentheconventionwastomakeitfillthepage,wasalsonovel.Thesimplisticapproachto

designandlayoutwastotallycontrarytotheadvertisingconventionsofthetime.

____22Thetextwasminimalistinbothlookandcontent,presentingthefactssimply

insteadoftryingtoweavetalltalesandfantasies;andinsteadofbluster,itusheredinanintelligent

senseofhumorthatmadereadersfeelliketheywereinonthejoke.Themessagewasoneofsmart

anti-luxury,andtookgentleaimatanindustryobsessedwithsuperficialityandstyling,ratherthan

thesubstanceunderneaththecarbodies.

Notonlydoes'Thinksmall"continuetoinspireVolkswagenadvertisingtothisday,itusheredin

acreativerevolutionintheadvertisingbusinessandchangedtheworldofmarketingforever.

'Thinksmall“showedthepowerofhumorandhonesty,anditsphotographicanddesign

principlesbroughtaboutamajorshiftinthelookandfeelofmarketingaroundtheworld.

22.Whichofthesentencesbelowbestfitsthenumberedspaceinthetext?

A.Whatdefinedtheadevenmorethanitsvisualstylewasthetoneofitscopy.

B.Thisadstartsoffdoingtheexactoppositeofwhatyouwouldexpectinacarad.

C.Thiswasanexerciseinminimalismandaveryaccuratereflectionontheproductitself.

D.Thecarwasn'tdepictedasanintegralpieceofthedailylivesofamiddleclassfamily.

23.Itcanbeinferredthattheadvertisingconventionsofthe1950swerereflectedinthefollowing

exceptthat.

A.Theadsinthe1950stypicallyshowedproudownersandpassengersevokinggreatjoyabout

newshinybigacquisitions.

B.Themarketingconceptthenfocusedonprovidingasmuchinformationaspossibletothe

readersuchasthewayit'screated.

C.Themarketingschemesassociatedtheadvertisedproductwithanideaorawayofliving

fromaverageconsumers*perspective.

D.Themarketingpracticemayattachimportancetoasenseofhumorbroughtbytheuseof

exaggeratedlanguage.

Questions24-25(Suggestedcompletiontime:4minutes)

Directions:Readthefollowingsixremarksconcerningthecrowd.Fourofthemaretakenfrom

GustaveLeBon'sbook,TheCrowd:AStudyofthePopularMind.Choosethetworemarksthat

mayNOTbetakenfromthebook.

24-25._______

TheCrowd

A.Incrowdsitisstupidityandnotmotherwitthatisaccumulated.

B.Crowdsmostenvythelonelymanwhowalksconfidentlyasifheiswalkingwiththegreat

crowds!

C.Acrowdisnotmerelyimpulsiveandmobile.Likeasavage,itisnotpreparedtoadmitthat

anythingcancomebetweenitsdesireandtherealizationofitsdesire.

D.Iwalkedwiththem,ascrowdshavethateffectonme,Iwanttodowhattheydo,tojourney

towardssomepointofrevelation,whichofcoursenevercomes.

E.Crowds,beingincapablebothofreflectionandofreasoning,aredevoidofthenotionof

improbability;anditistobenotedthatinageneralwayitisthemostimprobablethingsthatare

themoststriking.

F....theindividualformingpartofacrowdacquires,solelyfromnumericalconsiderations,a

sentimentofinvinciblepowerwhichallowshimtoyieldtoinstinctswhich,hadhebeenalone,he

wouldperforcehavekeptunderrestraint.

Questions26-28(Suggestedcompletiontime:5minutes)

Directions:Readthetextaboutafly.Answerthequestionsaccordingtothetext.

TheFly

Atthatmomentthebossnoticedthataflyhadfallenintohisbroadinkpot,andwastryingfeebly

butdesperatelytoclamberoutagain."Help!Help!"saidthosestrugglinglegs.Butthesidesofthe

inkpotwerewetandslippery;itfellbackagainandbegantoswim.Thebosstookupapen,picked

theflyoutoftheink,andshookitontoapieceofblotting-paper.Forafractionofaseconditlay

stillonthedarkpatchthatoozedroundit.Thenthefrontlegswaved,tookhold,and,pullingits

small,soddenbodyup,itbegantheimmensetaskofcleaningtheinkfromitswings.Overand

under,overandunder,wentalegalongawing,asthestonegoesoverandunderthescythe.Then

therewasapause,whilethefly,seemingtostandonthetipsofitstoes,triedtoexpandfirstone

wingandthentheother.Itsucceededatlast,and,sittingdown,itbegan,likeaminutecat,toclean

itsface.Nowonecouldimaginethatthelittlefrontlegsrubbedagainsteachotherlightly,

joyfully.27

26.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothetext?

A.Thebosssavedtheflyoutofhisbroadinkpot.

B.Theflywastrappedbythethickinkonitswings.

C.Thepassagedescribeshowaflysurvivedanaccident.

D.Thepassageshowshowaflyconqueredachallenge.

27.Whichofthefollowingstatementcanbestfitinthenumberedspace?

A.Thehorribledangerwasover;ithadescaped;itwasreadyforlifeagain.

B.Thebosswasrelievednow,reassuredthattheflyhadbeenoutofdanger.

C.Butthefrontlegswaved,caughthold,and,moreslowlythistime,thetaskrestarted.

D.Butsuchagrindingfeelingofwretchednessseizedhimthathefeltpositivelyfrightened.

28.Thetoneofthetextcanbedescribedasacomplexmixtureofanythingbut.

A.sympathetic

B.humorous

C.cheerful

D.depressing

Questions29-30(Suggestedcompletiontime:7minutes)

Directions:ReadthetextaboutChacoCulture.Answerthequestionsaccordingtothetext.

The"ChacoCulture",asmodern-dayarchaeologistscallit,flourishedbetweenroughlythe9th

and13thcenturiesA.D.andwascenteredatChacoCanyoninwhatisnowNewMexico.

ThepeopleoftheChacoCulturebuiltimmensestructuresthatattimesencompassedmorethan

500rooms.Theyalsoparticipatedinlong-distancetradethatbroughtcacao,macaws(atypeof

parrot),turquoiseandcoppertoChacoCanyon.

29,researchershavetorelyontheartifactsandstructurestheyleftbehind,as

wellasoralaccountsthathavebeenpassedonthroughgenerations,toreconstructwhattheirlives

werelike.

ArchaeologistsgenerallyagreethatChacoCanyonwasthecenterofChacoCulture.Todaythe

canyonisanationalparkandaUNESCOWorldHeritageSite.TheNationalParkService

estimatesthatthereareabout4,000archaeologicalsitesinthepark,includingmorethanadozen

immensestructuresthatarchaeologistssometimescall''GreatHouses'*.Archaeologicalresearch

hasrevealedmanydiscoveries,includingasystemofroadsthatconnectedmanyChacoCulture

sites,andevidenceofastronomicalalignmentsthatindicatethatsomeChacoCulturestructures

wereorientedtowardthesolsticesunandlunarstandstills.

“TherehasbeenmorearchaeologicalresearchconductedinChacoandonthesubjectofChaco

thanonanyotherprehistoricdistrictinNorthAmerica,“saysaNationalParkServicestatement

postedonChacoCultureNationalHistoricalPark'swebsite.

"Today,twentyPuebloangroupsinNewMexico,aswellastheHopiinArizona,claimChaco

astheirancestralhomelandandaretiedtothisplacethroughoraltraditionsandclanlineages.A

numberofNavajoclansarealsoaffiliatedwithChacoansitesthroughtheirtraditionalstories/'the

NationalParkServicestatementsays.

Despitethefactthattherehasbeenanimmenseamountofarchaeologicalresearchcarriedout

atChacoCanyon,andatotherChacoCulturesitesintheAmericanSouthwest,modern-day

archaeologistsdisagreeoverwhatthepeopleoftheChacoCulturewerelike.

SomearchaeologiststhinkthatthepeopleoftheChacoCulturewerenotpoliticallyunited,

whilesomethinktheycontrolledanempirecenteredonChacoCanyon.nWhatwasChaco?

Opinionsvarywidely,perhapswildly.Interpretationsrangefromavalleyofpeacefulfarming

villagestothemonumentalcapitalofanempire/1wroteStephenLekson,aprofessoratthe

UniversityofColoradoBoulder,inanarticlepublishedinthebookTheArchitectureofChaco

Canyon,NewMexico(UniversityofUtahPress,2007).

LeksonnotedthattherearedifferentinterpretationsamongarchaeologistsastowhattheGreat

Houseswere.Somearchaeologistsbelievethattheywerevillagesinhabitedbythousandsof

people,whileothersthinkthattheywereeliteresidencesthathousedasmallnumberofresidents.

29.Whichofthefollowingbestfitsinthenumberedspaceinthetext?

A.ThepeopleoftheChacoCulturedidnotuseawritingsystemandassuch

B.Whilearchaeologistsarenotcertainwhatcausedthisdramaticpopulationbump

C.Whenthinkingaboutarchaeologicalsites,wetendtothinkofthemasdeadsilent

D.SinceChaco'snationalmonumentstatusmaynotprotectitfromdevelopmentpressures

30.Whichofthefollowingstatementscanweknowfromthetext?

A.ThepeopleoftheChacocultureweregoodatforeigntrade.

B."GreatHouses'1werebuiltfromapproximatelythe9thto13thcenturyA.D.

C.MostdescendantsofancientChacopeopleliveinNewMexiconow.

D.ArchaeologistsholddifferentideasabouthowthepeopleoftheChacoCulturelived.

PartIIIReadandQuestion

InPartIII,youwillreadpassagesonthesamesubject.Youwillberequiredtoidentifythe

writer'spositionandevaluatetheeffectivenessofthewriter'sarguments.(Suggested

completiontime:35minutes)

Questions31-40(Suggestedcompletiontime:35minutes)

Directions:Readthreepassagesaboutfashion.Answerthequestionsaccordingtothepassages.

PassageA

It'snotthateasytoanswerthequestion,"whatis