2023全國(guó)醫(yī)學(xué)博士英語統(tǒng)一考試真題

未知驅(qū)動(dòng)探索，專注成就專業(yè)全國(guó)醫(yī)學(xué)博士英語統(tǒng)一考試真題題目一閱讀理解針對(duì)下面的問題，請(qǐng)閱讀以下材料：材料一Thefluvirus,alsoknownasinfluenza,isahighlycontagiousrespiratoryillness.Itspreadseasilyfrompersontopersonthroughtinydropletswhenaninfectedpersoncoughs,sneezes,ortalks.Themosteffectivewaytopreventthefluisbygettingafluvaccine.Thefluvaccineisdesignedtoprotectagainstthemostprevalentstrainsoffluvirusthatareexpectedtocirculateeachyear.Inadditiontogettingvaccinated,thereareotherpreventivemeasuresthatcanhelpreducetheriskofgettingtheflu.Theseincludewashinghandsfrequently,avoidingclosecontactwithsickindividuals,andcoveringthemouthandnosewhencoughingorsneezing.Ifapersondoesgettheflu,itisimportanttorest,stayhydrated,andseekmedicalattentionifsymptomsworsenorpersist.Thefluviruscancausearangeofsymptoms,includingfever,cough,sorethroat,bodyaches,fatigue,andnasalcongestion.Itcanalsoleadtoseriouscomplications,especiallyinyoungchildren,olderadults,andindividualswithweakenedimmunesystems.材料二AcupunctureisatraditionalChinesemedicaltreatmentthatinvolvesinsertingthinneedlesatspecificpointsonthebody.Itisbelievedtohelprestoretheflowofqi(energy)andpromotehealing.Acupuncturehasbeenusedforthousandsofyearstotreatvariousphysicalandmentalconditions,includingchronicpain,migraines,anxiety,andinfertility.TheWorldHealthOrganizationrecognizesacupunctureasavalidtreatmentforover100differentconditions,includingbutnotlimitedtoallergies,asthma,depression,andinsomnia.Inrecentyears,acupuncturehasgainedpopularityinWesterncountriesasacomplementarytherapyalongsideconventionalmedicine.Theeffectivenessofacupuncturestillremainsasubjectofdebateinthescientificcommunity.Somestudieshavefoundittobebeneficialforcertainconditions,whileothershavefoundnosignificantdifferencecomparedtoshamacupunctureorotherplacebotreatments.問題Whatisthemosteffectivewaytopreventtheflu?參考答案Themosteffectivewaytopreventthefluisbygettingafluvaccine.題目二詞匯與語法根據(jù)句子上下文或詞匯提示，在橫線上填入正確的單詞或詞組。Thepatientwasadvisedto________ahealthydietandexerciseregularlytoimprovehisoverallhealth.Thedoctorprescribeda________medicationtotreatthepatient’sallergysymptoms.Thenurseexplainedthe________ofthesurgicalproceduretothepatientbeforetheoperation.Medicalprofessionalsmustalwaysadheretostrict________guidelinestoensurepatientsafety.參考答案maintainantihistaminedetailsethical題目三長(zhǎng)篇閱讀請(qǐng)閱讀以下文章，并回答問題。文章Obesity,definedashavingabodymassindex(BMI)of30orhigher,hasbecomeamajorpublichealthconcernworldwide.Itisassociatedwithawiderangeofhealthproblems,includingheartdisease,type2diabetes,andcertaintypesofcancer.Theprevalenceofobesityhasbeensteadilyincreasingoverthepastfewdecades.AccordingtotheWorldHealthOrganization(WHO),morethan1.9billionadultsworldwidewereoverweightin2016,ofwhichover650millionwereobese.Inaddition,morethan340millionchildrenandadolescentsaged5-19wereoverweightorobesein2016.Therearemultiplefactorsthatcontributetothedevelopmentofobesity.Theseincludegeneticpredisposition,unhealthyeatinghabits,lackofphysicalactivity,andenvironmentalfactors.Intoday’smodernsociety,theabundanceofhigh-calorie,processedfoodsandsedentarylifestyleshavecontributedtotherisingratesofobesity.Theconsequencesofobesityarefar-reaching.Itnotonlyaffectsanindividual’sphysicalhealthbutalsohassignificantpsychologicalandsocialimpacts.Obeseindividualsaremorelikelytoexperiencedepression,lowself-esteem,anddiscriminationbasedontheirweight.Inaddition,theeconomicburdenofobesityissubstantial,withincreasedhealthcarecostsandlostproductivity.Effortstoaddresstheobesityepidemichavefocusedonacombinationofpreventionandtreatmentstrategies.Promotinghealthyeatinghabits,increasingphysicalactivity,andcreatingsupportiveenvironmentsarekeycomponentsofprevention.Forthosewhoarealreadyobese,interventionssuchasdietandexerciseprograms,medications,andbariatricsurgerycanhelpachieveweightlossandimproveoverallhealth.問題Whatisthedefinitionofobesity?AccordingtotheWorldHealthOrganization(WHO),howmanyadultsworldwidewereoverweightin2016?Whataresomefactorsthatcontributetothedevelopmentofobesity?Besidesphysicalhealth,whataresomeotherimpactsofobesity?Whataresomestrategiestoaddresstheobesityepidemic?參考答案Obesityisdefinedashavingabodymassindex(BMI)of30orhigher.AccordingtotheWorldHealthOrganization(WHO),over1.9billionadultsworldwidewereoverweightin2016.Somefactorsthatcontributetothedevelopmentofobesityincludegeneticpredisposition,unhealthyeatinghabits,lackofphysicalactivity,andenvironmentalfactors.Besidesphysicalhealth,obesitycanalsohavesig