（江蘇專版）高考英語(yǔ)大二輪復(fù)習(xí) 考前沖刺卷（二）牛津譯林版-牛津版高三全冊(cè)英語(yǔ)試題

考前沖刺卷(二)第一部分聽(tīng)力(略)第二部分英語(yǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分35分)第一節(jié)單項(xiàng)填空(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)請(qǐng)認(rèn)真閱讀下面各題，從題中所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。1.Twoyearslater，Ihappenedtolearnthattheyhadsettledtheninaneighborhoodcloseto______Iwasliving.A.how B.whereC.which D.when答案B解析句意為：兩年后我碰巧聽(tīng)說(shuō)他們那時(shí)就已經(jīng)定居在離我住的地方很近的一個(gè)社區(qū)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處在此引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，且在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，故用where引導(dǎo)該賓語(yǔ)從句。2.—Iwastoldtobeherebeforeeight.—Oh，you.I’msorryforforgettingtotellyouthatwehavechangedtheplan.A.needn’t B.can’tC.mustn’t D.mightn’t答案A解析句意為：——我被告知要八點(diǎn)前到這里?！叮悴槐?八點(diǎn)前到這兒)的。很抱歉，我忘記告訴你我們改變了計(jì)劃。needn’t不需要，不必，符合語(yǔ)境。3.TheWallStreetJournalreportedthatUberTechnologiesInc.planstounmannedplanesusedforfooddeliveryby2021.A.recommend B.revealC.launch D.advocate答案C解析句意為：據(jù)《華爾街日?qǐng)?bào)》報(bào)道，優(yōu)步科技公司計(jì)劃在2021年前推出用于食品配送的無(wú)人駕駛飛機(jī)。launch(首次)上市，發(fā)行，符合語(yǔ)境。recommend推薦；reveal揭示，透露；advocate支持，擁護(hù)。故選C。4.Noartcanbeproperlyunderstoodapartfromthecultureofitisapart.A.whereB.thatC.whichD.what答案C解析5.TheviewerswerecompletelybyKitHarington’svividperformanceintheseriesGameofThrones.A.carriedon B.carriedoffC.carriedthrough D.carriedaway答案D解析句意為：觀眾們完全被基特·哈靈頓在《權(quán)利的游戲》系列劇中生動(dòng)的表演迷住了。be/getcarriedaway忘乎所以，變得很激動(dòng)，符合語(yǔ)境。carryon繼續(xù)；carryoff搶走，贏得；carrythrough把……進(jìn)行到底，完成，使某人渡過(guò)難關(guān)。故選D。6.—Jack，cometothereceptionoffice；somebodyisexpectingyouin.—A.Younameit! B.Onmyway!C.That’ssomething! D.Atyourservice!答案B解析句意為：——杰克，到接待室來(lái)，有人在等你?！揖腿?。onone’s/theway即將去(或來(lái))，就要去(或來(lái))，符合語(yǔ)境。younameit凡是你能說(shuō)得出的(應(yīng)有盡有)；that’ssomething太好了，太棒了；atyourservice為您效勞。故選B。7.TheChinaInternationalImportExpoisanewplatformforaccesstotheglobalgoodsandservicesmarketthatmorebusinessopportunitiestoenterprisesinallcountries.A.brought B.wouldhavebroughtC.hasbrought D.willbring答案D解析句意為：中國(guó)國(guó)際進(jìn)口博覽會(huì)是進(jìn)入全球商品和服務(wù)市場(chǎng)的新平臺(tái)，將為各國(guó)企業(yè)帶來(lái)更多商機(jī)。根據(jù)句意可知，此處表示發(fā)生在將來(lái)的動(dòng)作，應(yīng)用一般將來(lái)時(shí)。故選D。8.DavidHaigh，BrandFinanceCEO，saidtherisingvalueofChina’snationbrandswasa_____ofitsgloballeadershipanddeterminationtocreatebrandsratherthanjustproducts.A.consequence B.symbolC.characteristic D.framework答案A解析句意為：BrandFinance的首席執(zhí)行官DavidHaigh表示，中國(guó)民族品牌價(jià)值的提升是中國(guó)全球領(lǐng)導(dǎo)地位和創(chuàng)造品牌而不僅僅是產(chǎn)品的決心共同作用的結(jié)果。consequence結(jié)果，符合語(yǔ)境。symbol象征；characteristic特征，特點(diǎn)；framework結(jié)構(gòu)，機(jī)制。故選A。9.XiJinpingstressedthattheHongKong-Zhuhai-MacaoBridgeshouldbeofhighqualityandbemaintainedwell，thusitsroleinbuildingtheGuangdong-HongKong-MacaoGreaterBayArea.A.fulfilled B.fulfillingC.tofulfill D.havingfulfilled答案B解析句意為：習(xí)近平強(qiáng)調(diào)，港珠澳大橋既要高質(zhì)量地建設(shè)好，也要維護(hù)好，從而發(fā)揮其在粵港澳大灣區(qū)建設(shè)中的作用。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處需要用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。fulfill與其邏輯主語(yǔ)之間是主謂關(guān)系，且此處在句中作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)，表示“自然而然的結(jié)果”應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞。故選B。10.Idon’tseethepointofputtingupChristmasdecorationskidsarenotgoingtospendtheholidaywithus.A.once B.unlessC.though D.when答案D解析句意為：既然孩子們不打算和我們一起度過(guò)這個(gè)假期，我不明白懸掛圣誕裝飾品有什么意義。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處在此引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句，應(yīng)用when“既然，考慮到”。故選D。11.Overthepastfourdecadessincereformandopening-up，Chinasignificantachievementsinimprovingtheenvironmentandpromotinggreendevelopment.A.sees B.hasseenC.hadseen D.wouldsee答案B解析句意為：改革開(kāi)放四十年來(lái)，中國(guó)在改善環(huán)境，促進(jìn)綠色發(fā)展方面取得了重大成就。根據(jù)句中的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“Overthepastfourdecadessincereformandopening-up”可知，此處表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。故選B。12.theversionofHongKong’slackofsci-techpower，someuniversitiesherehavebeenknownforoutstandingachievementsinsci-techR&Dfordecades.A.Contraryto B.BasedonC.Regardlessof D.Ratherthan答案A解析句意為：與香港缺乏科技力量的說(shuō)法相反，這里的一些大學(xué)數(shù)十年來(lái)因在科技研發(fā)方面取得的突出成就而聞名。contraryto和……相反；basedon以……為根據(jù)；regardlessof不管，不顧；ratherthan而不是。故選A。13.Thatheincourtisanecessaryconditionforhisbeinginnocent.A.willappearB.appearedC.appearD.appears答案C解析句意為：他出庭是他無(wú)罪的先決條件。that引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句，和表示“要求”的形容詞necessary連用，從句用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用“should＋動(dòng)詞原形”，should可以省略。故選C。14.Branaghsaysthatitwashisintentiontomakewhatwasonlyimpliedintheplayinthefilm.A.explicit B.reasonableC.special D.acceptable答案A解析句意為：布萊納說(shuō)他的用意是將只在劇本中隱含的意思在電影中清晰明白地表現(xiàn)出來(lái)。explicit清楚明白的，直截了當(dāng)?shù)?，不隱晦的；reasonable合理的；special特別的；acceptable可接受的。故選A。15.—IamafraidtospeakEnglish.—Don’tworry.WhenmeetinganAmerican，tryafewwords—！A.getuphisnose B.pullhislegC.getyourhandsonit D.getyourfeetwet答案D解析句意為：——我不敢說(shuō)英語(yǔ)?！?jiǎng)e擔(dān)心。遇到美國(guó)人時(shí)，試著說(shuō)幾句話，嘗試一下！getupone’snose惹某人發(fā)怒；pullone’sleg開(kāi)某人的玩笑；getyourhandsonsth.獲取(得到)某物；getyourfeetwet初次涉足，開(kāi)始做(新鮮的事情)。故選D。第二節(jié)完形填空(共20小題；每小題1分，滿分20分)請(qǐng)認(rèn)真閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Asachild，Iwasalwaystoldto“eatmygreens”.Theseweretheunappealingvegetablesthatsatontheedgeofmyplate.Peas，andgreenbeans，alllookedandtasted16.Let’sfaceit，whenthereweresomanyotherdelicioustreatsto17，whyeatboringvegetables?Sincethenmytastebudshave18andI’malsofullyawareofthehealthbenefitsofeatingfreshvegetables.Butwestillneed19oftheamazinggoodnessthesegreensuperfoodsgiveus.IntheUK，acampaignhasbeen20forseveralyearstoencourageustoeatour“5ADay”—fiveportionsoffruitandvegetables.That’s21evidencehasshowntherearesignificanthealth22togettingatleastfive80gportionsofavarietyoffruitandvegetableseveryday.ButIstruggletotrytofitthesefiveportionsintomydaily23，partlybecauseIhaveasweet24andvegetablesare，well，tasteless.Researchershavebeen25howtomakeeatingvegetablesmore26.Theyanalysedthepsychologybehindourfood27andfoundthatmostofusare28bytaste.BradTurnwaldfromStanfordUniversitysaysthat“studiesshowthatpeople29tothinkofhealthieroptionsaslesstastyforsomereason.”InEurope，aprojectcalledVeggieEAThasalsobeentryingtofindwaystogetpeopleto30morevegetables.Projectleader，ProfessorHeatherHartwellbelievesin31encouragingpeopleintoeatingtherightthings.Oneideahasbeentoputa32ofatastylookingfruitonasupermarkettrolleyasa33aboutbuyingsomethingfromthefruitstore.Shesays，“Choiceisareally34thing.Butmakingvegetableslookattractivewillincreasetheirsales.”Certainly，eating“twistedcitrus-glazedcarrots”doessoundtempting，evenifitjust35likeacarrot，butifitmakesuseatmorevegetablesthenthatcanonlybeagoodthingforourhealth.語(yǔ)篇解讀本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了一項(xiàng)旨在提倡人們多吃青菜的研究，并介紹了一些商家用來(lái)吸引顧客購(gòu)買蔬菜的銷售技巧。16.A.delicious B.disgustingC.ripen D.sweet答案B解析由第一段中的“unappealingvegetables”“boringvegetables”可知，空處應(yīng)選B。disgusting令人厭惡的。故選B。17.A.buy B.prepareC.enjoy D.offer答案C解析有那么多美味的食品可以享受，為什么要吃這些令人討厭的蔬菜？故選C。18.A.developed B.appearedC.existed D.shrank答案A解析從那時(shí)起，我的味蕾發(fā)展(即改變)了，并且我也充分意識(shí)到吃新鮮蔬菜對(duì)健康的好處。故選A。19.A.talking B.informingC.reminding D.warning答案C解析我們?nèi)孕杼嵝延浀眠@些綠色的“超級(jí)食品”給我們帶來(lái)的驚人益處。talk談話；inform通知；remind提醒；warn警告。故選C。20.A.planningB.runningC.aimingD.intending答案B解析在英國(guó)，一項(xiàng)活動(dòng)已經(jīng)持續(xù)了好幾年。plan計(jì)劃；run持續(xù)，延續(xù)；aim旨在；intend打算。故選B。21.A.whyB.howC.whenD.because答案D解析這是因?yàn)橛凶C據(jù)表明，人們每天至少食用5份80g的水果和蔬菜會(huì)對(duì)健康有很大益處。why為什么；how如何；when當(dāng)……時(shí)；because因?yàn)?。故選D。22.A.needs B.issuesC.benefits D.risks答案C解析need需要；issue問(wèn)題；benefit益處；risk風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。句意參見(jiàn)上題解析。故選C。23.A.diet B.educationC.work D.exercise答案A解析但是我仍在努力把這五份食物融入我的日常飲食，部分原因是我愛(ài)吃甜食，而且覺(jué)得蔬菜很無(wú)味。dailydiet日常飲食。故選A。24.A.tendency B.toothC.preference D.appetite答案B解析句意參見(jiàn)上題解析。haveasweettooth愛(ài)吃甜食。tendency傾向，趨勢(shì)；preference偏愛(ài)；appetite食欲，胃口。故選B。25.A.showing B.discoveringC.reporting D.studying答案D解析研究人員一直在研究如何讓吃蔬菜更具吸引力，故選D。26.A.attractive B.appropriateC.beneficial D.independent答案A解析句意參見(jiàn)上題解析。attractive吸引人的，誘人的；appropriate合適的，恰當(dāng)?shù)模籦eneficial有益的；independent獨(dú)立的。27.A.wastes B.valuesC.choices D.judgments答案C解析他們分析了我們選擇食物時(shí)的心理，發(fā)現(xiàn)大部分人都是受味道的驅(qū)使。choice選擇。故選C。28.A.confused B.disturbedC.challenged D.motivated答案D解析句意參見(jiàn)上題解析。motivate使有動(dòng)力；激發(fā)；激勵(lì)。故選D。29.A.manageB.tendC.agreeD.decide答案B解析由語(yǔ)境可知，此處指“人們會(huì)傾向于認(rèn)為更健康的食物更難吃?！眛endtodo...傾向于做……。故選B。30.A.grow B.harvestC.store D.eat答案D解析在歐洲，一個(gè)名為VeggieEAT的項(xiàng)目一直在嘗試找出能讓人們多吃蔬菜的方式。故選D。下文的“eatingtherightthings”亦是提示。31.A.suddenly B.slowlyC.firmly D.seriously答案B解析該項(xiàng)目領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者希瑟·哈特韋爾教授贊成慢慢地鼓勵(lì)人們吃正確的食物。slowly緩慢地。故選B。32.A.picture B.lotC.variety D.number答案A解析由空后的“atastylookingfruitonasupermarkettrolley”可知，此處指一張看起來(lái)美味的水果的照片。picture圖片。故選A。33.A.sign B.concernC.hint D.clue答案C解析其中一個(gè)想法是，把看起來(lái)很美味的水果圖片放在超市的購(gòu)物車上，以此來(lái)暗示消費(fèi)者去水果區(qū)域購(gòu)買東西。hint暗示。故選C。34.A.complex B.easyC.quick D.casual答案A解析她說(shuō)：“選擇是一件非常復(fù)雜的事情。但是讓蔬菜看起來(lái)有吸引力會(huì)增加它們的銷量?！眂omplex復(fù)雜的。故選A。35.A.looks B.smellsC.feels D.tastes答案D解析第三部分閱讀理解(共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分)請(qǐng)認(rèn)真閱讀下列短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AWonderfulholidaycottagesacrossEngland，WalesandNorthernIrelandareavailable.Whenyouchooseyournextholidaycottage，thefollowingmaystrikeyoureyes.LargeholidaycottagesforspecialoccasionsWehaveover30cottagesforeightormorepeople.Thesearegreatforcelebrationswithfriendsandfamily.YoucouldheadtoDevonandstayinoneofthecounty’smostimportanthouses，ShuteBarton，wherewecanevenprovidedetailsofthelocalcookthatcancometothecottageandcookadeliciousmealtomakeyourstayevenmorespecial.OneofournewestcottagesisThoringtonHallinSuffolk，andit’sthelargestinourcollection.Ifyoufancysomethingalittlebitdifferent，youcanvisittheLighthouseKeeper’sCottage.DogfriendlycottagesinCornwallCornwallisagreatplacefordogwalkingwithmilesofcoastlineandbeacheswaitingtobeexploredandourdogfriendlyholidaycottagesareonthedoorsteponsomeoftheseplaces.WesharejustaselectionofourdogfriendlycottagesacrossCornwall.ClickheretoseethefullrangeofdogfriendlycottagesinCornwall.EasterbankholidaycottageWehavecottagesperfectforagatheringwithfamilyorfriendsifyou’relookingforsomepeacefultimeaway.YoucouldspendtheEasterbankholidayweekendinaholidaycottageonthebeautifulcoastaroundCornwallorPembrokeshire.SongbirdHideawayThiscosyheart-warmingcottageistheperfectromanticretreat，situatednearthehamletofPenrhosandclosetothetownofPwllheli，featuringappealingviewstowardsCardiganBay.Couplescanescapethebusynessoftheireverydaylifestyleandenjoythedelightsofthiscompactyetbeautifullypresentedaccommodation.eq\x(語(yǔ)篇解讀這是一篇應(yīng)用文，主要介紹了英國(guó)幾處風(fēng)格各異的度假村舍。)36.Wherecanyouenjoythedoor-to-doorservicebyalocalcook?A.ShuteBarton.B.ThoringtonHallinSuffolk.C.LighthouseKeeper’sCottage.D.Easterbankholidaycottage.答案A解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的第三句中的“...ShuteBarton，wherewecanevenprovidedetailsofthelocalcookthatcancometothecottageandcookadeliciousmealtomakeyourstayevenmorespecial.”可知，在ShuteBarton可以享受當(dāng)?shù)貜N師的上門(mén)服務(wù)。37.Howcanyoulearnmoreinformationfortheholidayswithyourpetdogs?A.Byfax. B.Byphone.C.Bypost. D.ByInternet.答案D解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的最后一句“ClickheretoseethefullrangeofdogfriendlycottagesinCornwall.”可知，人們可以通過(guò)上網(wǎng)獲取更多信息。B(2019·蘇州八校高三三模)WhilefamousforeignarchitectsareinvitedtoleadthedesignsoflandmarkbuildingsinChinasuchasthenewCCTVtowerandtheNationalCenterforthePerformingArts，manyexcellentChinesearchitectsaremakinggreateffortstotakethecenterstage.Theireffortshavebeenprovenfruitful.WangShu，a49-year-oldChinesearchitect，wonthe2012PritzkerArchitecturePrize—whichisoftenreferredtoastheNobelPrizeinarchitecture—onFebruary28.HeisthefirstChinesecitizentowinthisaward.WangservesasheadoftheArchitectureDepartmentattheChinaAcademyofArt(CAA).HisofficeislocatedattheXiangshancampus(校園)oftheuniversityinHangzhou，ZhejiangProvince.Manybuildingsonthecampusarehisoriginalcreations.ThestyleofthecampusisquitedifferentfromthatofmostChineseuniversities.Manyvisitorswereamazedbythecomplexarchitecturalspaceandabundantbuildingtypes.Thecurves(曲線)ofthebuildingsperfectlymatchtheriseandfallofhills，formingauniqueview.Wangcollectedmorethan7millionabandonedbricksofdifferentages.Heaskedtheworkerstousetraditionaltechniquestomakethebricksintowalls，roofsandcorridors.ThiscreationattractedalotofattentionthankstoitsmixtureofmodernandtraditionalChineseelements(元素).Wang’sworksshowadeepunderstandingofmodernarchitectureandagoodknowledgeoftraditions.Throughsuchabalance，hehadcreatedanewtypeofChinesearchitecture，saidTadaoAndo，thewinnerofthe1995PritzkerPrize.Wangbelievestraditionsshouldnotbesealedinglassboxesatmuseums.“Thatisonlyevidencethattraditionsonceexisted，”hesaid.“ManyChinesepeoplehaveamisunderstandingoftraditions.Theythinktraditionmeansoldthingsfromthepast.Infact，traditionalsoreferstothethingsthathavebeendevelopingandthatarestillbeingcreated，”hesaid.“Today，manyChinesepeoplearelearningWesternstylesandtheoriesratherthanfocusingonChinesetraditions.Manypeopletendtotalkabouttraditionswithoutknowingwhattheyreallyare，”saidWang.Thestudyoftraditionsshouldbecombinedwithpractice.Otherwise，therecreationoftraditionswouldbeartificialandempty，hesaid.語(yǔ)篇解讀本文是一篇記敘文，題材是人物報(bào)道。文章報(bào)道了2012年度建筑界的最高獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)——普利茲克獎(jiǎng)的獲得者王澍及其作品風(fēng)格。38.Wang’swinningoftheprizemeansthatChinesearchitectsare.A.followingthelatestworldtrendB.gettinginternationalrecognitionC.workingharderthaneverbeforeD.relyingonforeignarchitects答案B解析推理判斷題。第一段是文章的中心段，第二段講述了中國(guó)建筑設(shè)計(jì)師獲得了建筑界的諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)——普利茲克獎(jiǎng)，這個(gè)例子是用來(lái)說(shuō)明第一段后半句的：許多優(yōu)秀的中國(guó)建筑設(shè)計(jì)師正進(jìn)入世界建筑設(shè)計(jì)舞臺(tái)的中心。故選B。39.WhatmadeWang’sarchitecturaldesignasuccess?A.Themixtureofdifferentshapes.B.ThebalanceofEastandWest.C.Theuseofpopulartechniques.D.Theharmonyofoldandnew.答案D解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段第三句“ThiscreationattractedalotofattentionthankstoitsmixtureofmodernandtraditionalChineseelements(元素).”和第六段第二句中的“Throughsuchabalance，hehadcreatedanewtypeofChinesearchitecture...”可知，傳統(tǒng)與現(xiàn)代元素的和諧共存是王澍建筑設(shè)計(jì)成功的秘密。故選D。40.WhatshouldwedoaboutChinesetraditionsaccordingtoWang?A.Spreadthemtotheworld.B.Preservethematmuseums.C.Teachtheminuniversities.D.Recreatetheminpractice.答案D解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段第一句“Thestudyoftraditionsshouldbecombinedwithpractice.”和第二句中的“therecreationoftraditions”可知，王澍認(rèn)為應(yīng)在實(shí)踐中對(duì)傳統(tǒng)進(jìn)行再創(chuàng)造。故選D。CThevastgrasslandsoftheHighPlainsinthecentralUnitedStatesweresettledbyfarmersandranchers(牧場(chǎng)主)inthe1880s.Thisregionhasadryclimate，andfor50yearsafteritssettlement，itsupportedalow-intensityagriculturaleconomyofcattleranchingandwheatfarming.Intheearlytwentiethcentury，however，itwasdiscoveredthatmuchoftheareawasunderlainbyahugeaquifer(地下蓄水層).ThisaquiferwasnamedtheOgallalaAquiferaftertheOgallalaSiouxIndians，whooncelivedintheregion.TheOgallalaAquiferisasandstoneformationthatunderliessome583,000squarekilometersoflandextendingfromnorthwesternTexastosouthernSouthDakota.WaterfromrainsandmeltingsnowshasbeenaccumulatingintheOgallalaforthepast30,000years.EstimatesindicatethattheaquifercontainsenoughwatertofillLakeHuron，butunfortunately，underthesemiarid(雨量很少的)climaticconditionsthatpresentlyexistintheregion，ratesofadditiontotheaquiferareminimal，amountingtoabouthalfacentimeterayear.ThefirstwellsweredrilledintotheOgallalaAquiferduringthedroughtyearsoftheearly1930s.Sincethen，OgallalawaterhasenabledtheHighPlainsregiontosupplysignificantamountsofcotton，wheat，andcorngrownintheUnitedStates.Thisdevelopmentofalimitedgroundwaterresourcewithanalmostnegligiblenaturalrechargerate—thatis，virtuallynonaturalwatersourcetorestorethewatersupply—hascausedwatertablesintheregiontofallgreatly.Inthe1930s，wellsencounteredplentifulwateratadepthofabout15meters；currently，theymustbedugtodepthsof45to60metersormore.Insomeplaces，thewatertableisdecliningatarateofameterayear，necessitatingtheuseofever-more-powerfulpumps.Itisestimatedthatatcurrentwithdrawalrates，muchoftheaquiferwillrundrywithin40years.Thereactionoffarmerstotheunavoidabledepletion(用盡)ofOgallalawatervaries.Manyhavebeenattemptingtoconservewaterbyirrigatinglessfrequentlyorbyswitchingtocropsthatrequirelesswater.Others，however，believethatitisbesttousethewaterwhileitisstilleconomicallyprofitabletodoso.Themotivationofthefarmerswhowishtoconservewaterisreducedbytheirknowledgethatmanyoftheirneighborsareprofitingbyusinggreatamountsofwater.Inthefaceofthewatersupplycrisis，anumberofgrandplanshavebeendevelopedtotransportvastquantitiesofwaterfromtheMississippi，theMissouri，ortheArkansasrivers.Unfortunately，thecostofwaterobtainedthroughanyoftheseplanswouldincreasepumpingcostsatleasttenfold(十倍地)，makingthecostofirrigatedagriculturalproductsfromtheregionuncompetitiveonthenationalandinternationalmarkets.語(yǔ)篇解讀奧加拉拉蓄水層使得美國(guó)大平原一度成為農(nóng)業(yè)興盛之地，然而如今由于不加節(jié)制地利用其水資源，該蓄水層面臨枯竭的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。41.WhatcanbelearnedabouttheHighPlains?A.Itsfirstsettlerswerefarmersandranchers.B.Itsclimateischaracterizedbyhightemperatures.C.Itseconomyhasbeentransformedsincethe1930s.D.ItsaquiferwasdiscoveredbyOgallalaSiouxIndians.答案C解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“itsupportedalow-intensityagriculturaleconomyofcattleranchingandwheatfarming”及第三段中的“OgallalawaterhasenabledtheHighPlainsregiontosupplysignificantamountsofcotton，wheat，andcorngrownintheUnitedStates”可知，20世紀(jì)30年代之前，即奧加拉拉蓄水層未被發(fā)現(xiàn)并利用前，大平原地區(qū)由于氣候干旱，僅保有以畜牧業(yè)和小麥種植為主的低密度農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)，利用奧加拉拉蓄水層進(jìn)行農(nóng)業(yè)灌溉后，該地區(qū)農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展興盛。42.WhatisunlikelytohappenduetotheheavyuseoftheOgallalaAquifer?A.Wellshavetobedugtomuchgreaterdepths.B.Therechargerateoftheaquiferisdecreasing.C.Watertablesintheregionarebecominglower.D.Morepowerfulpumpsareneededtodrawwater.答案B解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段可知，由于幾乎沒(méi)有自然水資源進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充，大量開(kāi)發(fā)奧加拉拉蓄水層的水資源導(dǎo)致地下水位下降，人們必須打更深的井，使用更大功率的水泵才能汲取出水。B項(xiàng)“對(duì)蓄水層的補(bǔ)充率不斷下降”并非大規(guī)模開(kāi)發(fā)利用奧加拉拉蓄水層的結(jié)果。43.Whichofthefollowingpresentsadifficultyforthefarmerstryingtoconservewater?A.Irrigatinglessfrequentlyleadstocropfailure.B.Farmersusingalotofwateraremakinghigherprofits.C.Cropsneedinglittlewaterhaven’tbeendevelopedyet.D.Fewfarmersbelievetheaquiferwilleventuallyrundry.答案B解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中的“Themotivationofthefarmerswhowishtoconservewaterisreducedbytheirknowledgethatmanyoftheirneighborsareprofitingbyusinggreatamountsofwater.”可知，一些農(nóng)民本有意節(jié)水，然而，當(dāng)看到別的農(nóng)民依靠種植耗水農(nóng)作物而大量盈利后，他們節(jié)水的積極性受到了打擊。44.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthegrandplansmentionedinthelastparagraph?A.Unrealistic. B.Advanced.C.Cost-effective. D.Eco-harmful.答案A解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Unfortunately，thecostofwater...increasepumpingcostsatleasttenfold...uncompetitiveonthenationalandinternationalmarkets.”可知，作者認(rèn)為，通過(guò)任何一種計(jì)劃獲得水資源都會(huì)使得抽水成本提高至少十倍，進(jìn)而導(dǎo)致這一地區(qū)的農(nóng)產(chǎn)品成本上升，失去競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力。故可推知，作者認(rèn)為這些供水計(jì)劃不切實(shí)際。DFromtimetotime，lifecanbeunbelievablydifficult.Wearefacedwithchallengesandeventsthatcanseemoverwhelming(勢(shì)不可擋的)，life-destroyingtothepointwhereitmaybehardtodecidewhethertokeepgoing.Butyoualwayshaveachoice.JessicaHeslopsharesherpowerful，inspiringjourneyfromtheworsttimesinherlifetothenewlifeshehascreatedforherself：IworkedinafinancejobthatIhatedandIlivedinaconcretejunglecitywithlittlegreencolor.Ioccupiedmytimewithmeaninglessrelationshipsandspentlargequantitiesofmoneyonsomethingworthless.Iwassearchingforhappinessandhadnoideawheretofindit.ThenIfellillwithChronicFatigueSyndrome(慢性疲勞綜合征)andbecameactuallydifficulttogetupfrombed.Ihadtoquitmyjobandthenwasleftwithnoincome.Ilivedwithmyboyfriendofthenonly3monthswhofinanciallysupportedmeandourrelationshipwasputundergreatpressure.Ieventuallyregainedmyphysicalhealth，butnotlongafterthatIgotacallfrommyfamilyathometosaythatmyfather’scancerhadfiercelyprogressedandthathehadbeenadmittedtohospital.IleftthecityandIwenthometobewithhim.Hediedsixmonthslater.Myfatherwasacompleteinspirationtome.Hewasalwayssostrongthat，foraminuteafterhedrewhislastbreath，Ihonestlythoughthewouldcomebacktolife.Icouldn’tbelieveIwouldneveragainbeagainsthisbigwarmchestandfeelsafenomatterwhat.Thedeepsorrowthatfollowedwasstrongforallofus5childrenandourmother，butwehadeachother.Butmyeldestsisteratthattimecomplainedofabadback.Itgotsobadafter2monthsthatshetoowasadmittedtohospital.Theydiscoveredthatshehadhighlyadvancedcancerinherbonesandthattherewasnothingthattheycoulddo.Shediedonemonthlater.Icouldneverputintowordsthelossofmysisterinmylife.Shewasawalking，talkingangelandmyfavouritepersoninthewholeworld.Ifsomeonecouldhaveaskedmetheworstthingthatcouldeverhappen，itwouldhavebeenlosingher.ShewasmysoulmateandIneverthoughtIwouldjourneythislifetimewithouther.Theshockandextremeheartbreakbroughtmetomyknees.Thepainwassogreatandmyworldjustlookeddesolate.Ihadnorealhome，nomoney，nojob，andnofriendsthatcared.Notonepersonhadevensentmeasympathycardformyloss.ImadeanattemptofmyownlifeandIendedupinhospital.Irememberlyinginthehospitalbed，lookingupattheceilingandseeingmysister’sbeautifulface.Shestayedwithmeallnightlong.IrealizedduringthatnightthatIhadachoice.IcouldchoosetoendmylifeorIcouldchoosetoliveit.Ilookedinmysister’seyesandImadeadecisionnottogowithherjustyet.Iwouldstayandcompletemyjourneyhere.IalsomadethedecisionthatIwouldn’tjustliveanylife.IwouldlivethelifethatIabsolutelyloveandnothingless.Atthatmoment，theideawassoclearthatitwaslikealightshininginadarkroomforthefirsttime.Asiftheearth’splateshadchangedundermyfeetandeverythingsuddenlylookedrealforthefirsttime.語(yǔ)篇解讀JessicaHeslop的生活和工作一直不順心，甚至可以說(shuō)糟糕至極。之后，兩位親人的相繼離世險(xiǎn)些將她的精神擊垮。最終，她鼓起勇氣為自己的生活做出了選擇。45.Whatdoesthefirstparagraphexpress?A.HowdifficultJessica’slifewas.B.Everyonehasachoiceinhislife.C.WhatJessicalearnedfromlife.D.Weshouldbebravetofaceourlife.答案C解析46.WhatlifedidJessicaHeslopliveinthecity?A.Busyandrelaxing. B.Costlyandfree.C.Poorandlonely. D.Dullandboring.答案D解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。JessicaHeslop在第二段中把自己的城市生活描述為“withlittlegreencolor”，綠色代表著生機(jī)，缺少綠色就是缺少生機(jī)。再結(jié)合該段中“meaningless...worthless”可知，Jessica的城市生活是枯燥乏味的。47.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisCORRECTaccordingtothepassage?A.TherelationshipbetweenJessicaandherboyfriendwastense.B.JessicaHesloplivedwithherboyfriendforabovethreemonths.C.JessicaHeslopsufferedfromakindofdiseasewhichwasincurable.D.Afterrecoveringfromthedisease，Jessicacouldn’tfindajobanymore.答案A解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第三句中的“ourrelationshipwasputundergreatpressure”可知，Jessica和她男友之間的關(guān)系緊張。故選A。48.WhatwastheheaviestblowtoJessicaHeslop?A.Losingherjob. B.Thelossofherfather.C.Hereldestsister’sdeath. D.Herowndisease.答案C解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第七段最后一句“Ifsomeonecouldhaveaskedmetheworstthingthatcouldeverhappen，itwouldhavebeenlosingher.”可知，大姐的去世是對(duì)Jessica最大的打擊。故選C。49.What’sthemeaningoftheunderlinedword“desolate”？A.Small. B.Deserted.C.Ugly. D.Imperfect.答案B解析詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)desolate后的兩個(gè)句子可知，Jessica認(rèn)為她沒(méi)有真正意義上的家，沒(méi)有錢(qián)，沒(méi)有工作，也沒(méi)有關(guān)心她的朋友。沒(méi)有一個(gè)人因她失去親人而寄給她慰問(wèn)卡。因此，她覺(jué)得自己仿佛被拋棄了。deserted被拋棄的。故選B。50.What’sthebesttitleofthispassage?A.TurningBadThingsintoGoodOnesB.NeverGiveUpYourHopeC.TheImportanceofChoiceD.LivingtheLifeYouLove答案D解析標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)全文可知，Jessica經(jīng)歷了人生種種磨難后做出的最終決定是“IwouldlivethelifethatIabsolutelyloveandnothingless.”即：我要完全以自己想要的方式生活。該句也起到對(duì)全文點(diǎn)題的作用，故選項(xiàng)D為正確答案。第四部分任務(wù)型閱讀(共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分)請(qǐng)認(rèn)真閱讀下面短文，并根據(jù)所讀內(nèi)容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一個(gè)最恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。注意：每個(gè)空格只填一個(gè)單詞。(2019·南京高三三模)Onthesurface，onewouldbehard-pressedtofindmanysimilaritiesbetweenGermanchancellorAngelaMerkel，BangladeshiprimeministerSheikhHasina，andLiberianpresidentEllenJohnsonSirleaf—exceptforthefactthattheyareallfemaleleadersofnations.Merkel，forexample，spentmorethanadecadeasachemistbeforegoingintopolitics，whileHasina，thedaughterofBangladesh’sfirstpresident，servedasherfather’spoliticalassistantwhileatcollege，andJohnsonSirleafworkedatmultiplefinancialinstitutionsbeforerunningforvicepresident.Istheresomethingdeeperthantheyshare?TheresearcherSusanR.MadsenofUtahValleyUniversityinterviewedwomeninsomecountriesabouttheirpathstoleadership.Shewassurprisedbythesimilaritiesamongthewomenwhentheyspokeabouthowtheybecameleaders.“Everysingleoneofthemtalkedaboutfindingtheirvoicesandtheirconfidenceatdinner-tableconversationswiththeirfamilies.Theirparentstalkedaboutpolitics，aboutwhatwashappeninginthecommunity，andwhenthewomenhadsomethingtosay，theirparentsdidn’tstopthem，”Madsensaid.Aspartofaseriesofinterviewsonwomenandleadership，Ispoketothreewomenfromdifferentcountrieswhohaveeachbecomeleadersintheirrespectivefields：AgnesIgoyeofUganda，whoworkswithhergovernmenttocounterhumantrafficking；IkramBenSaid，thefounderofTunisianwomen’srightsorganizationAswatNissa；andSaireeChahalofIndia，whostartedadigitalplatformthathelpswomengetbackintotheworkforce.Allthreeofmyintervieweespointedtothefamilyenvironmenttheyhadbeenraisedin—particularlyafatherfigurewhotaughtandempoweredthewomeninthefamilytolearn，askquestions，andformtheirownopinions.Also，mothersbrokeconventionbydisplayingleadershipwithinthefamily.Igoye，forexample，creditedherfatherwithhavingtheforesighttosendhisdaughterstoschooldespiteoppositionfromothersintheirvillage.Hermotherwentbacktoschoolasanadulttoimprovehercareerasateacher，whichIgoyedescribedasbeingabiginfluenceonher.SimilarlyBenSaidtalkedabouthowherfatherencouragedpoliticaldebateamongthefamilywhenshewasgrowingup，evenwhenheropinionscontradictedhis.Meanwhile，Chahalsaidthateveninheryoungerdays，herparentswentagainstthegeneralconventionofexpectingtheirdaughterstoaimonlyforagoodhusband.AnotherconclusionfromMadsen’sworkisthatwomen’sleadershipdevelopmentdoesn’tlooklikemen’s.“Mentendtofollowamorestraightpathtobecomingaleader.Women’spathsaremuchemergent.Theytendtonotnecessarilylookaheadandthink，‘Iwanttobeontop.’Womenwouldpointtoanumberofexperiences—motherhood，orworkingwithanon-profit，orsittingonaboard，asshapingtheirpathtobecomingleaders，”shesaid.Actually，womenleaderstendtobeheldtohigherstandardsthantheirmalecounterparts.IgoyehasfeltthisinUganda.“Womenwhotakeupleadershippositionsinmycountryhavetobetough，it’snoteasyatall，”shesaid.“Youarealwaysawarethatyouarerepresentingallwomen.Youhavetoworkextrahardtodeliver，toperform，becauseifyoudosomethingwrong，theywillsay，‘Ah，yousee，women！’”Therefore，merelyhavingwomenleaderscanchangetheopportunitiesavailableforgenerationsofwomeninacountry.Whatleadershiplookslikeintheircountry，howmuchofavoicethewomenleadersarehaving，influenceswhatleadershipisandwhatitmeanstoitswomen.Whatdowomenleadershaveincommon?IntroductionThesefemaleleaderscomefromdifferentculturalandpoliticalbackgrounds，butdotheyshareany51.？FindingsofMadsen’sresearch?Intheirearlyyears，thesefemaleleaderswereenabledtoexpressthemselves52._______anddeveloptheirconfidenceatdinnertable.?Theygotmorechancestobe53.topolitics.?Differentfrommen，women’spreviousexperienceshelpthemworktheirwaytothe54.oftheircareerladder.Findingsoftheauthor’sresearch?Allthesefemaleleaders55.theirsuccesstotheirfamilyenvironment.

Unlikeotherchildreninhervillage，Igoyereceived56.withhersisters.

BenSaidwasencouragedtodebateamongthefamilyevenwhenheropinionswent57.herfather’s.

Despitethegeneralconventionof58.well，Chahalwasbroughtupotherwise.?Womenleadershavetowork59.thanmencounterpartstoliveuptopeople’sexpectations.ConclusionFemaleleadership60.alottoanationanditswomenaswell.語(yǔ)篇解讀這是一篇說(shuō)明文。研究人員采訪了一些國(guó)家的女性，詢問(wèn)她們通往領(lǐng)導(dǎo)崗位的道路。這些女性在談到她們?nèi)绾纬蔀轭I(lǐng)導(dǎo)者時(shí)都有一些相似之處。他們都將成功歸功于自己所生長(zhǎng)的家庭環(huán)境。同時(shí)結(jié)合了Igoye，Ben和Chahal三位女性的自身經(jīng)歷得出結(jié)論：女性領(lǐng)袖對(duì)于國(guó)家和其他女性而言意義重大。51.答案similarity/similarities解析根據(jù)第一段第一句可知，這些女性領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人來(lái)自不同的文化和政治背景，但她們有什么相似點(diǎn)嗎？故填similarity/similarities。52.答案freely/casually解析根據(jù)第二段中的“...findingtheirvoicesandconfidenceatdinner-tableconversationswiththeirfamilies.”可知，她們可以在飯桌上自由地表達(dá)自己的觀點(diǎn)。故填freely/casually。53.答案exposed解析根據(jù)第二段最后一句“Theirparentstalkedaboutpolitics，aboutwhatwashappen