高中英語Agreement主謂一致的課件和習(xí)題必修4

Agreement主謂一致㈠就近一致原那么〔2點〕㈡語法一致原那么〔6點〕㈢個體一致原那么〔8點〕㈣意義一致原那么〔8點〕㈠就近一致就近一致㈡語法一致1.主語+with(togetherwith,alongwith,),aswellas,including,ratherthan,besides,except,but,inadditionto,otherthan,like,notect.結(jié)構(gòu)中，謂語與主語一致2.不定式，動名詞或從句作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)Eg:1.)Servingthepeopleismygreathappiness.2.)Whenwedeliverthegoodshasn‘tbeendecided.3.)Whenandwherewewillgohasn’tbeen

decided.*但當(dāng)what引導(dǎo)的句子做主語，假設(shè)后面是“be+名詞”的結(jié)構(gòu)時，謂語隨名詞變化。Eg:1.)Whatyoudidwasright.2.)Whatyouneedarethesedictionaries.3.定語從句中,“oneof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+定語從句”從句的謂語動詞復(fù)數(shù)。假設(shè)在oneof前有the,theonly,thevery修飾時，從句的謂語動詞那么用單數(shù)。Eg:1.)Sheisoneofthesewomenwho_____theviolinwell.2.)Sheistheoneofthesewomenwho______theviolinwell.playplays4.定語從句中主語是關(guān)系代詞who,that,which時，從句謂語動詞應(yīng)與先行詞保持一致。Eg:I,who____yourteacher,willteachyoueverythingIknow.5.在強調(diào)句中，如被強調(diào)的是句子的主語時，那么that/who后面的謂語動詞應(yīng)與被強調(diào)的主語一致eg:1.)ItisMikewhoalways_____metostudymathsafterclass.2.)ItwasIratherthantheythat_____punishedbytheboss.amhelpswas6.halfof…./therestof…../partof…/plentyof…/分?jǐn)?shù)〔%〕+of…..等作主語，謂語動詞隨of后的名詞而變化。㈢個體一致1.由and連接的并列主語如果指的是同一人、同一物或同一概念，謂語動詞用單數(shù)，這時and后面的名詞前沒有冠詞。

Eg.1.)Thewriterandteacherisheruncle.2.)Apoetandartistiscomingtodeliveraspeech.3.)Myclassmateandfriend____goingtopayavisittome.4.)Aforkandknifeisonthetable.5.)Warandpeaceisoftenpeople’stopic.isaknifeandfork一副刀叉;breadandbutter加黃油的面包;coffeeandmilk加牛奶的咖啡;whiskyandsoda

汽水saltandwater

鹽水a(chǎn)needleandthread針線;ahorseandcart四輪馬車;awatchandchain表鏈;acoatandtie;warandpeace戰(zhàn)爭與和平;truthandhonesty;medicalhelpandcureaimandend目的2.and連接的兩個或多個主語前如有each,every,no,manya(許多〕等修飾時，謂語用單數(shù)。Eg.1.)Everytreeand(every)floweristobecutdown.2.)Nosoundandnovoiceisheard.3.)Manyaboyandgirlhasmadethesamemistake.4.)Inourcountryeachboyand(each)girlhasrighttoreceiveeducation.3.表示時間，金錢，距離，重量等復(fù)數(shù)名詞表示單位數(shù)量作主語時，被看作整體時謂語用單數(shù)。eg:Sixtyyearsisalongtime.Tendollarsisenoughforhim.Threethousandmilesisalongdistance.Fiftykilogramsisnottoolongtobecarried.*如強調(diào)具體數(shù)目，那么用復(fù)數(shù)。Onehundredcentsmakeadollar.Morethanfiftyyearshavepassedsincetheygotmarried.4.“manya+單數(shù)名詞/morethanone+單數(shù)名詞/oneandahalf+單數(shù)名詞”作主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)eg:1.)manyaforeignerhasbeentotheGreatWall.2.)Morethanonestudenthasturnedupatthemeeting.3.)Oneandahalfbananawaseatenbytheboy.5.由some,any,every,no構(gòu)成的不定代詞,謂語動詞用單數(shù)6.eachof…/eitherof…./oneof…謂語動詞用單數(shù).noneof…/neitherof…可單可復(fù)，根據(jù)說話人的意思決定；*但代表不可數(shù)名詞時，用單數(shù)eg:1.)Noneofusare/isperfect.2.)Neitherofthemknow/knowstheanswer.3.)Noneofthisworriesme./Noneofthismoneyismine.*neither作形容詞時與單數(shù)名詞連用，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。Neitherstatementwastrue.7.主語是書名，劇名，報紙名，國名等復(fù)數(shù)形式的名詞，仍為個體，謂語用單數(shù)TheUnitedStatesisadevelopedcountry.8.帶引號的詞語作主語，謂語單數(shù)“I”istheninthletteroftheEnglishalphabet.㈣意義一致1.集合名詞family,class,team,group,crowd,audience,company,army,enemy,government,population…作主語，假設(shè)強調(diào)整體，謂語動詞用單數(shù)假設(shè)強調(diào)個體，謂語動詞那么用復(fù)數(shù)eg:書p52.集合名詞cattle,clothes,people,thepolice表示復(fù)數(shù)意義謂語動詞永遠(yuǎn)復(fù)數(shù).people民族〔可數(shù)名詞，peoples)3.主語是單復(fù)數(shù)同形的名詞deer,sheep,fish魚,series系列,species物種,means手段,works工廠,aircraft飛行器,ect.時，視其表達(dá)的意義而判斷謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。Eg:1.)Anewmeanshasbeenused.2.)Manymeanshavenotcomeintoeffect.4.以-s結(jié)尾的一些詞theOlympicGames,manners,remains,earnings,belongings,goods,surroundings,winnings,leavings,ect.表示復(fù)數(shù)意義，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)5.physics,politics,mathematics等一些以“-ics”結(jié)尾的詞，指學(xué)科時屬單數(shù)，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。eg.1.)Physicsisnotdifficulttolearn.2.)Mathematicsisasubjectstudiedinnearlyeveryschool.注：假設(shè)指某學(xué)科能力，成績，應(yīng)用等或非學(xué)科含義時被看作復(fù)數(shù)，謂語常用復(fù)數(shù)。Mymathematicsareweek.Whatareyourpolitics政治信仰/見解?6.成雙成對出現(xiàn)的復(fù)數(shù)名詞如glasses,shoes,trousers,pants,gloves,socks,slippers,scissors等作主語時，謂語通常用復(fù)數(shù)，*但如果前有a/thepairof,a/thesuitof等詞語修飾時，謂語動詞與pair,suit等一致，用單數(shù)。Eg.1)Mytrousersareverynice.2)Apairofshoesisunderthebed.7.主語是疑問代詞who,what,which,不定代詞all,more,most,any,none等以及名詞half,part,therest等既可表示復(fù)數(shù)意義又可表示單數(shù)意義，其謂語視它們所代指的名詞而定。

Eg:1.)Whichismorevaluable,healthorwealth?2.)Whichareprettier,theseorthose?3.)wehadsomepaper,buttherestwasputback.*the+adj.表示一類抽象概念時，謂語也單數(shù)Thenewissuretoreplacetheold.Thecomplicateisdifficulttounderstand.8.

“the+形容詞”做主語時，表示一類人或物時，謂語動詞為復(fù)數(shù)；表示具體一個個體時，謂語動詞為單數(shù)。Eg.1)Theyoungarebetteratlearningnewthings.2)Theyoungismyuncle.歷年高考題90題21Alibrarywithfivethousandbooks____tothenationasagift.A.isofferedB.hasofferedC.areofferedD.haveoffered2.89題27NotonlyIbutalsoJaneandMary____tiredofhavingoneexaminationafteranother.A.isB.areC.amD.be3.87題15Allbutone____herejustnow.A.isB.wasC.hasbeenD.were答案

Multiplechoice:1.Onthewall______twolargeportraits.A.hangsB.hangC.hangedD.hanging(C85)2.“Newsofvictories_____pouringinasourarmyadvances,”thecompanycommandersaid.A.keepB.keepsC.keptD.havekept(C85)3.There_____alotofmilkinthebottle.A.areB.isC.wereD.has(C86)4.Zhang’sfamily____ratherbig,withtwelvepeopleinall.A.isB.areC.beingD.was(C85)5.NobodybutJane____thesecret.A.knowB.knowsC.haveknownD.isknown(C86)

Multiplechoice:6.Allbutone_____herejustnow.A.isB.wasC.hasbeenD.were(C87NO.45)7.Alibrarywithfivethousandbooks____tothenationasagift.A.isofferedB.hasofferedC.areofferedD.haveoffered