高二英語(yǔ)下冊(cè)Unit-2課件4

Unit2Whatishappiness?GrammarandusagePastandfuturetenses江陰高中

Brainstorming

Whocanmakethestorymoreinteresting?Thewind___hardyesterday.OurEnglishteacher____busy.She___atseveninthemorningbecauseshe___lastweek.Whileshewas____,herdaughter___.She___bylastweek…PasttensesThesimplepasttense一般過(guò)去時(shí)Thepastcontinuoustense過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)Thepastperfecttense過(guò)去完成時(shí)Thesimplepasttense1〕在確定的過(guò)去時(shí)間里所發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有：yesterday,lastweek,anhourago,theotherday,in1980等。Eg.IsawTominthestreetyesterday.IboughtthisTVsetinBeijinglastyear.2〕表示在過(guò)去一段時(shí)間內(nèi)，經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。Eg.WhenIwasachild,Ioftenplayedfootballinthestreet.Healwayswenttoworkbybus.Thesimplepasttense3〕用過(guò)去時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在，表示語(yǔ)氣委婉禮貌。(1.)動(dòng)詞want,hope,wonder,think,intend等。Eg.Didyouwantanythingelse?Iwonderedifyoucouldhelpme.(2.)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞could,would，Eg.Couldyoulendmeyourbike?Thesimplepasttense4〕用在條件句中表示與現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)事實(shí)不符的虛擬語(yǔ)氣。Eg.IfIwereabird,IwouldflytoBeijing.Ifhewereherenow,wecouldturntohimforhelp.Thesimplepasttense注意以下句型：◎Itistimesb.didsth.“時(shí)間已遲了；早該……了”，Eg.Itistimeyouwenttobed.◎would(had)rathersb.didsth.表示“寧愿某人做某事”，Eg.I'dratheryoucametomorrow.Thesimplepasttense1)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻或某一段時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。常與atthattime,thewholemorning,alldayyesterday,fromninetotenlastevening等連用。Eg.Whatwashedoingthistimeyesterday?In2001shewasstudyinginauniversity.ThepastcontinuoustenseThepastcontinuoustense2.〕過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的主要用法是描述一件事發(fā)生的背景；一個(gè)長(zhǎng)動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)候，另一個(gè)短動(dòng)作發(fā)生。Mybrotherfellwhilehewasridinghisbicycleandhurthimself.Itwasrainingwhentheyleftthestation.1〕過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻或者某一動(dòng)作之前完成的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)；句中常用by,before,until,when等詞引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。Bytheendoflastyearwehadbuiltfivenewhouses.Ihadlearnt5000wordsbeforeIenteredtheuniversity.Thepastperfecttense2〕過(guò)去完成時(shí)的動(dòng)詞還可以表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻之前發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或者狀態(tài)持續(xù)到過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間或者持續(xù)下去。Eg.Beforeheslept,hehadworkedfor12hours.HehadbeeninthiscollegeforfiveyearsbeforeIcamehere.Thepastperfecttense〔3〕在told,said,knew,heard,thought等動(dòng)詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句。Shesaid(that)shehadneverbeentoParis.〔4〕在過(guò)去不同時(shí)間發(fā)生的兩個(gè)動(dòng)作中，發(fā)生在先，用過(guò)去完成時(shí)；發(fā)生在后，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。Whenthepolicearrived,thethieveshadrunaway.

Thepastperfecttense〔5〕表示意向的動(dòng)詞，如hope,wish,expect,think,intend,mean,suppose等，用過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示"原本…，未能…"Wehadhopedthatyouwouldcome,butyoudidn't.〔6〕過(guò)去完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)before,by,until,when,after,once,assoonas。Bythetimehewastwelve,Edisonhadbegantomakealivingbyhimself.

ThepastperfecttenseFuturetensesThesimplefuturetense一般將來(lái)時(shí)Thefuturecontinuoustense將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)Thefutureinthepast過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)Thefutureperfecttense將來(lái)完成時(shí)1)shall用于第一人稱，常被will所代替。will在陳述句中用于各人稱，在征求意見(jiàn)常用于第二人稱。Eg.WhichparagraphshallIreadfirst？Willyoubeathomeatseventhisevening?Thesimplefuturetense2)begoingto+不定式，表示將來(lái)。a.主語(yǔ)的意圖，即將做某事或打算做某事。Whatareyougoingtodotomorrow?b.方案，安排要發(fā)生的事。Theplayisgoingtobeproducednextmonth.c.有跡象要發(fā)生的事Lookatthedarkclouds;thereisgoingtobeastorm.Thesimplefuturetense3)be+不定式表將來(lái)，按方案或正式安排將發(fā)生的事。WearetodiscussthereportnextSaturday.4)beaboutto+不定式，意為馬上做某事。HeisabouttoleaveforBeijing.注意：beaboutto不能與tomorrow,nextweek等表示明確將來(lái)時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。Thesimplefuturetense☆begoingto/will的用法之比較：用于條件句時(shí)，begoingto表將來(lái)，will表意愿。例：Ifyouaregoingtomakeajourney,you'dbettergetreadyforitassoonaspossible.Nowifyouwilltakeoffyourclothes,wewillfitthenewclothesonyouinfrontofthemirror.Thesimplefuturetense☆beto和begoingto的用法之比較：beto表示客觀安排或受人指示而做某事。而begoingto那么表示主觀的打算或方案。Eg.Iamtoplayfootballtomorrowafternoon.(客觀安排)I'mgoingtoplayfootballtomorrowafternoon.(主觀安排)Thesimplefuturetense1.)表示在將來(lái)某一時(shí)刻或某段時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。如：

Eg.ThistimetomorrowIshallbeflyingtoGuangzhou.Whatwillyoubedoingateighttomorrowmorning?We'llbewatchingtelevisionallevening.

ThefuturecontinuoustenseThefuturecontinuoustense2)表示將來(lái)被客觀情況所決定的動(dòng)作或者按照安排將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。Eg.We'llbehavingteaafterdinnerasusual.Theleaveswillbefallingsoon.Weshallbehavingameetingtomorrowmorning.I’llbetakingmyholidayssoon.

注意：將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)不用于表示"意志"，不能說(shuō)I'llbehavingatalkwithher.〔3〕將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)常用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ):soon,tomorrow,thisevening，onSunday,bythistime，tomorrow,intwodays,tomorrowevening等。Bythistimetomorrow,I'llbelyingonthebeach.Thefuturecontinuoustense根本形式：would／should＋動(dòng)詞原形〔其中would用于各種人稱，should常用于第一人稱〕。Theyweresuretheywouldwinthefinalvictory．Hedidn'texpectthatweshould〔would〕allbethere．Thefutureinthepast過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)的一些其它表達(dá)形式：

1．was／were＋goingto＋動(dòng)詞原形

Hesaidhewasgoingtotry．2．was／were＋to＋動(dòng)詞原形

TheysaidtherailwaywastobeopenedtotrafficonMayDay．

Thefutureinthepast3．was／wereabout＋動(dòng)詞原形Wewereabouttogooutwhenitbegantorain．4．過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)〔一般多為動(dòng)作概念較強(qiáng)的動(dòng)詞，如go，come，leave，start，open，begin等〕也可用于表示將來(lái)。Ididn'tknowwhentheywerecomingagain．Thefutureinthepast用法注意點(diǎn)：

1．在時(shí)間和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，常用一般過(guò)去時(shí)來(lái)表示過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)。

Hesaidhewouldcometoseeyouwhenhehadtime．2．“would＋動(dòng)詞原形”可表示過(guò)去習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。不管什么人稱，都可用would。

Whenhewasachild,hewouldgetupearly．

Thefutureinthepast

將來(lái)完成時(shí)用來(lái)表示在將來(lái)某一時(shí)間以前已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作。與before+將來(lái)時(shí)間或by+將來(lái)時(shí)間連用，也可與before或bythetime引導(dǎo)的現(xiàn)在時(shí)的從句連用。例：

Bytheendofthisweek,Ishallhavefinishedthebook.Thechildrenwillhavegonetosleepbythetimewegethome.

Thefutureperfecttense注意：使用這種時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)，多會(huì)涉及兩個(gè)動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，一個(gè)在前，一個(gè)在后；表達(dá)前面的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，動(dòng)詞要用將來(lái)完成時(shí)；表達(dá)后面的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，動(dòng)詞要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。Wewillhavecompletedtheworkbeforeyoucome.Wewillhaveplayedballwhenyoucome.〔或whenyoucome,wewillhaveplayedball.〕Hesaysthathewillhavegraduatedfromauniversitybeforeyoureturnhome.ThefutureperfecttenseBytheendofthismonth,wesurely____asatisfactorysolutiontotheproblem.A.havefound B.willbefoundC.willhavefound D.arefindingTheconference____afullweekbythetimeitends.A.musthavelasted

B.willhavelastedC.wouldlast

D.haslasted

Thefutureperfecttense1.—Look!Howwonderfulmycaris!Oh,Jack.Whatareyouthinkingabout?Don’tyoulikeit?—I’msorryI______anyremarkaboutitintime.Icertainlythinkit’ssmart.A.wasn’tmaking

B.don’tmake

C.won’tmake

D.didn’tmake2.TofindthestreetwhereIlivedinmychildhoodisnoeasytaskbecausethecity______sorapidlyalltheseyears.A.ischanging

B.haschanged

C.willhavechanged

D.willchange3.He______quitewell,buthehasn’thadtimetoswimsincethissummer.A.willswim

B.haveswum

C.swam

D.swims4.Jimmysaidthathewouldcometopickmeup,buthe____bynow.A.hasn’tturnedup

B.doesn’tturnup

C.won’tturnup

D.hadn’tturnedup5.I’mterriblysorryforbeinglate,butI_____thewrongbus.A.catch

B.hadcaught

C.caught

D.catching6.Thetruth,sir,isthattheoldman_______acrosstheroadwhenmycarhithim.A.wastowalk

B.hadbeenwalking

C.walked

D.waswalking7.Ireallydon’tthinkRosewillbeupset,butIwillgoandseeherincaseshe_____.A.is

B.does

C.willbe

D.hasbeen8.Thecomputersmadebyourcompanysellbest,butseveralyearsagonoonecouldhaveimaginedtheroleinthemarketsthatthey_________.A.wereplaying

B.weretoplay

C.hadplayed

D.played9.—Kateisinhospital.—Oh,really?I_______.________visither.A.didn’tknow;I’llgoand

B.don’tknow;I’llgoandC.don’tknow;I’mgoingto

D.didn’tknow;I’mgoingto10.—Where_______theguidebook?Ican’tseeitanywhere.—I_______itrighthere,butnowit’sgone.A.didyouput;haveput

B.hadyouput;haveputC.haveyouput;put

D.wereyouputting;put11.—Doyouliveinthiscity?—No,we______itforholidays.A.justvisit

B.justvisited

C.arejustvisiting

D.havevisited12.—Howistheoldmannow?—Sorry,he______thoughtheydidalltheycouldtosavehim.A.wasdead

B.haddied

C.hasbeendead

D.died13.Thelakewillbefurtherpollutedunlesssomemeasures______.A.willbetaken

B.aretaken

C.weretaken

D.hadbeentaken14.I’mafraiditwillbetwomonths______.A.whenIcomeback

B.whenI’llcomeback

C.beforeIcomeback

D.beforeI’llcomeback15.Theworkers_____busilywhenthebosscametolookforsomethinghe______intheoffice.A.hadworked,hadleft

B.wereworking;hadleftC.working;hadleft

D.hadworked;left16.Thenotice______“Nosmoking”.

A.istold

B.reads

C.tells

D.isread17.Theoldman_____twodaysafterhehadbeensenttohospital.

A.diedB.woulddieC.haddiedD.hasdied

18.OldMcDonaldgaveupsmokingforawhile,butsoon______tohisoldways.

A.returnedB.returnsC.wasreturningD.hadreturned

19.I_____myson_____adoctor,buthewasn’tgoodenoughatscience.

A.hoped;wouldbecome B.hadhoped;wouldbecome

C.hadhoped;willbecome D.hope;willbecome

20.I_____totakeagoodholidaythisyear,butIwasn’tabletogetaway.

A.hopeB.havehoped C.hadhopedD.hoped

21.Helen_____herkeyintheofficesoshehadtowaituntilherhusband_____home.A.hasleft;comes B.left;hadcomeC.hadleft;came D.hadleft;wouldcome

22.Hesteppedintotheoffice,_____downandbegantofillintheforms.A.sittingB.tosit C.satD.havingit23.Shesaidshewouldtelephonebutwe_____fromhersofar.A.haven’theardB.didn’thear C.hadn’theardD.won’thear24.WhenIgottothecinema,thefilm____fortenminutes.A.hasbegunB.hadbegun C.hadbeenonD.was25.I’llgowithyouassoonasI____myhomework.A.willfinishB.finish C.amfinishingD.finished26.Ifit_____tomorrow,Iwon’tgotothecinema.A.willrainB.rains C.israiningD.rained27.Sheisgoingtobeanursewhenshe_____up.A.isgoingtogrowB.grows C.growingD.grew28.“這本書我已經(jīng)買了三個(gè)月了?！眞hichiswrong？A.Ihavehadthisbookforthreemonths.B.Ihaveboughtthisbookforthreemonths.C.Iboughtthisbookthreemonthsago.D.ItisthreemonthssinceIboughtthisbook.29.—Comein,Peter,Iwanttoshowyousomething.—Oh,howniceofyou!I_____you_____tobringmeagift.A.neverthink;aregoing B.neverthought;weregoingC.didn’tthink;weregoing D.had’tthought;weregoing30.WhenIwasatcollegeI_____threeforeignlanguages,butI_____allexceptforafewwordsofeach.A.spoke;hadforgotten B.spoke;haveforgottenC.hadspoken;hadforgotten D.hadspoken;haveforgotten31.Thepolicefoundthatthehouse_____andalotofthings____.A.hasbrokeninto;hasbeenstolenB.hadbrokeninto;hadbeenstolenC.hasbeenbrokeninto;stolenD.hadbeenbrokeninto;stolen32.Thevolleyballmatchwillbeputoffifit____.A.willrainB.rains C.rainedD.israining33.Mary_____adresswhenshecutherfinger.A.madeB.ismaking C.wasmakingD.makes34.Thestudents_____busilywhenMissBrownwenttogetabookshe_____intheoffice.A.hadwritten;left B.werewriting;hasleftC.hadwritten;hadleft D.werewriting;hadleft35.—Haveyoumovedintothenewhouse?—Noyet,therooms_____,A.arebeingpainted B.arepaintingC.arepainted D.arebeingpainting36.—Wehaven’theardfromJaneforalongtime.—Whatdoyousuppose____toher?A.washappening B.tohappenC.hashappened D.havinghappened37.—Doyouknowourtownatall?—No,thisisthefirsttimeI_____here.A.wasB.havebeen C.cameD.amcoming38.—Wecouldhavewalkedtothestation.Itwassonear.—Yes,Ataxi_____atallnecessary.A.wasn’tB.hadn’tbeen C.wouldn’tbeD.won’tbe39.Ifcitynoises_____fromincreasing,peopl