2023-2024學年山東省煙臺市高三上學期期中考試英語試題(解析版)

PAGEPAGE3山東省煙臺市2023-2024學年高三上學期期中考試英語試題第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)略第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AKidsWorldFunShortStoryContestCallingallyoungwritersfromaroundtheworld!It’stimetoreleaseyourcreativityandshareyourincrediblestorieswithus.KidsWorldFunpresentstheultimateShortStoryContest,opentoyoungpeopleofallages.TwoModesofEntry●FreeEntry:getthechancetowinacertificateandhaveyourstorypublishedonourwebsite.●EntryFeeof$10:getthechancetoreceiveacashprizeaswellasacertificateandhaveyourstorypublished.Paymentlinkswillbesentviaemailfortheseentries.AmazingPrizesAwaitFirstPrize:$100,certificateandpublication;SecondPrize:$75,certificateandpublication;ThirdPrize:$50,certificateandpublication.Highlycommentedstorieswillalsobepublishedfortheworldtoenjoy.ContestCategoriesandWordLimitsToensurefairness,wehavesetthreecategoriesforwriterstochoosefromandminimumandmaximumwordlimitsforeachcategory.CategoriesAgesWordLimitsMinimumMaximumSub-junior7-9300words1000wordsJunior10-12500words1000wordsSenior13-16700words1000wordsSubmissionGuidelines●Includeproofofagewithyourentry(scanortakeaphotoofyouridentitycard).Entrieswithoutproofofagewillbedisqualified.●Yourstorymustbeoriginalandunpublished.●Typeyourstoryout.Ourjudgeswillevaluateeachstorybasedoncontent,languageandwritingstyle.Theirdecisionwillbefinal.Formoreinformation,pleasecontactusatenquiry@.We’reheretoassistyoueverystepoftheway.Don’tmissthisincredibleopportunitytoshowcaseyourtalentandwinamazingprizes!EntertheKidsWorldFunShortStoryContesttoday!1.Whatmayafreeentrysecondprizewinnerget?A.Arewardof$10. B.Acertificateandpublication.C.Prizemoneyandhonors. D.$75,certificateandpublication.2.Whichofthefollowingmeetstheentryrequirements?A.Ahandwrittendraft. B.Asciencefictionof1500words.C.Anaward-winningessay. D.Aprintoutofa900-wordoriginalstory.3.Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?A.Topromoteareadingwebsite. B.Toappealforparticipation.C.Toexplainanapplicationprocess. D.Toteachkidswritingprinciples.【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一個將要舉辦的終極短篇小說大賽的具體事宜?！敬鸢浮?.D2.D3.B1．【解析】細節(jié)理解題。由文章第二個黑標題AmazingPrizesAwait下第二行“SecondPrize:$75,certificateandpublication(二等獎：75美元，證書及出版)”可知，二等獎得主可以得到75美元，證書及出版。故選D。2．【解析】細節(jié)理解題。由文章四個黑標題SubmissionGuidelines下第三行“Yourstorymustbeoriginalandunpublished.(你的故事必須是原創(chuàng)的和未發(fā)表的。)”可知，參賽作品不能是一篇獲獎文章。由文章四個黑標題SubmissionGuidelines下第四行“Typeyourstoryout.(把你的故事打出來。)”可知，參賽作品不能是手稿。由文章表格的最后一欄“Maximum”和“1000words(1000字)”可知，文章字數(shù)不超過1000。故選D。3．【解析】推理判斷題。由文章第一段中“Callingallyoungwritersfromaroundtheworld!It’stimetoreleaseyourcreativityandshareyourincrediblestorieswithus.(號召來自世界各地的年輕作家！是時候釋放你的創(chuàng)造力，和我們分享你不可思議的故事了。)”可知，文章主要是呼吁各地的年輕作家參與大賽。故選B。BForsharks,theMesoamericanReef,whichstretchesover600miles,isabusyhighway.Sharksuseittofindtheirwayanditprovidesthemwithfoodandhabitat.Butaswithon-landhighways,thissuperhighwaycanbedangerous.Overfishing,commercialdevelopmentandillegalpracticesareendangeringthespecies.“We’reseeingacontinueddeclineinsharkpopulations.Ourgoalistoturnthatround.”saysRachelGraham,founderofMarAlliance,anon-profitorganizationfocusedonconservingsharks.Bymonitoringsharks,MarAlliancecancollectimportantknowledgeonthespeciestohelpinformconservationandpushforpoliticalaction.Butratherthanactinginoppositiontothelocalfishingcommunity,MarAllianceenliststheirhelp.“Theyaretheoneswhoareontheseaeverysingleday,”saysGraham,“andthey’retheoneswhodecidethespecies’future.”MarAllianceemploysupto60fishermenacrossitsrange,mostlyonaprojectbasis,trainingthemtocollectdata,recordandreleasefish.Notonlydoesthisprovideanalternativeincometofishingcommunities,makingthemlessdependentonnaturalresources,butitalsoteachesthemaboutthebenefitsofahealthyoceanecosystemandhowtofishsustainably.Amongthem,IvanTorres,whousedtocatchsharkstoselllocallyasfood,haslearnedhowcriticalthey’retothewholeecosystem,sayinghe’dneverfishsharksanymore.Ifthisattitudechangecontinuestospreadthroughoutfishingcommunities,Grahamhashopeforthesharkpopulations.“Theprimarythreattosharksisunquestionablyoverfishing,”shesays,“Byreformingtheindustry,populationscanbounceback.”In2020,Belizeoutlawedtheuseofgillnets,largepanelsofnettingoftrappinglargesealife.Theban’simpactisalreadynoticeablewitharecorded10-foldincreaseinsharkpopulations.Butsuchregulationsneedtobecopiedalongthewholesuperhighwayforlong-lastingimpact,andcountriesneedtofindasustainablebalancebetweenfishersandthefished.“Weneedtofindawin-winstrategybetweenfisherlivelihoodsandsharksurvival,”Grahamemphasizes.“Ihopethatthrougheducationandprovidinganeconomicalternativeforfishingcommunities,MarAlliancewillhelpensuresafepassageforsharksalongthereef”.4.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribestheMesoamericanReefforsharks?A.Romanticbutmessy. B.Vitalbutinsecure.C.Adventurousbutbeautiful. D.Unfamiliarbutreliable.5.Whatdoestheunderlined“they”inparagraph4referto?A.MarAlliance. B.Thefishers.C.Monitoringauthorities. D.Thesharks.6.WhatcontributedtoIvan’sattitudeshiftapartfromeducation?A.Astricterfishingban. B.Theinsurancepayoutheearned.C.Anofferofextrawork. D.Thefishingcommunities’intervention.7.Whatismainlystressedinthelastparagraph?A.Solutiontooverfishing. B.DifficultiesfacingMarAlliance.C.Impactofexistingregulations. D.Featuresofinternationalcooperation.【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了致力于保護鯊魚的非營利組織“海洋聯(lián)盟”對保護鯊魚的保護措施?！敬鸢浮?.B5.B6.D7.A4．【解析】細節(jié)理解題。由文章第一段中“Sharksuseittofindtheirwayanditprovidesthemwithfoodandhabitat.(鯊魚用它來找路，它為它們提供食物和棲息地)”和第二段的“Butaswithon-landhighways,thissuperhighwaycanbedangerous.Overfishing,commercialdevelopmentandillegalpracticesareendangeringthespecies.(但與陸地高速公路一樣，這條超級高速公路也可能很危險。過度捕撈、商業(yè)開發(fā)和非法行為正在危及該物種)”可知，中美洲珊瑚礁對鯊魚來說很重要但又充滿危險。故選B。5．【解析】詞句猜測題。由文章第三段中“Butratherthanactinginoppositiontothelocalfishingcommunity,MarAllianceenliststheirhelp.(但是，“海洋聯(lián)盟”并沒有采取反對當?shù)貪O業(yè)社區(qū)的行動，而是尋求他們的幫助)”以及第四段中“theoneswhoareontheseaeverysingleday(他們每天都在海上)”可知，每天都在海上的人是漁夫們。由此可知，劃線詞They指的是漁夫們。故選B。6．【解析】推理判斷題。由文章第五段中“Notonlydoesthisprovideanalternativeincometofishingcommunities,makingthemlessdependentonnaturalresources,butitalsoteachesthemaboutthebenefitsofahealthyoceanecosystemandhowtofishsustainably.(這不僅為漁業(yè)社區(qū)提供了另一種收入來源，使他們減少對自然資源的依賴，而且還教會他們了解健康的海洋生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的好處以及如何可持續(xù)地捕魚)”以及第六段中“Amongthem,IvanTorres,whousedtocatchsharkstoselllocallyasfood,haslearnedhowcriticalthey’retothewholeecosystem,sayinghe’dneverfishsharksanymore.(其中，伊萬·托雷斯曾經(jīng)捕撈鯊魚作為食物在當?shù)爻鍪郏呀?jīng)了解到鯊魚對整個生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的重要性，他說他再也不會捕撈鯊魚了)”可推知，漁業(yè)社區(qū)的干預促成了伊萬態(tài)度的轉(zhuǎn)變。故選D。7．【解析】推理判斷題。由文章最后一段“Butsuchregulationsneedtobecopiedalongthewholesuperhighwayforlong-lastingimpact,andcountriesneedtofindasustainablebalancebetweenfishersandthefished.“Weneedtofindawin-winstrategybetweenfisherlivelihoodsandsharksurvival,”Grahamemphasizes.“Ihopethatthrougheducationandprovidinganeconomicalternativeforfishingcommunities,MarAlliancewillhelpensuresafepassageforsharksalongthereef”.(但是，為了產(chǎn)生持久的影響，這些規(guī)定需要在整個高速公路上復制，各國需要在漁民和被捕撈者之間找到可持續(xù)的平衡?！拔覀冃枰跐O民生計和鯊魚生存之間找到一個雙贏的策略，”格雷厄姆強調(diào)說?！拔蚁Ｍㄟ^教育和為漁業(yè)社區(qū)提供經(jīng)濟選擇，海洋聯(lián)盟將幫助確保鯊魚沿著珊瑚礁的安全通道?！?”可推知，這些話強調(diào)了過度捕撈的解決方案，即需要在漁民生計和鯊魚生存之間找到一個雙贏的策略。故選A。CJimmyJiangenvisionsafuturewhereeveryhouseispoweredbyrenewableenergystoredinbatteries.JiangandhisteamattheUniversityofCincinnatihavedevelopedanewbatterythatcouldhavefar-reachingimplicationsforthelarge-scale(大規(guī)模)energystorageneededbywindandsolarfarms.“Batteriesstorerenewableenergyforwhenit’sneeded,notjustwhenit’sproduced.Thisiscrucialforgettingthemostoutofwindandsolarpower,”Jiangsaid.“Energygenerationandenergyconsumptionisalwaysmismatched.That’swhyit’simportanttohaveadevicethatcanstorethatenergytemporarilyandreleaseitwhenit’sneeded.”TheydescribedtheirnoveldesigninthejournalNatureCommunications.Traditionalcarbatteriescontainamixofsulfuricacidandwater.Whilethey’reinexpensiveandmadefromreadilyavailablematerials,theyhaveseveredrawbacksforindustrialorlarge-scaleuse.Theyhaveaverylowenergydensity(密度),whichisn’tsuitableforstoringsufficientpowerneededtopoweracity.Andtheyhavealowlevelforelectrochemicalstability,whichmeanstheycanblowup.Waterhasavoltage(電壓)limit.Oncethevoltageofsuchabatterygoesbeyondthestabilitywindowof1.5volts,thewatercandecomposeintohydrogenandoxygen,whichisexplosive.ButJiangandhisstudentshavedevelopedabatterywithoutwaterthatcangeneratenearly4voltsofpower.Jiang’snoveldesigndoessobyremovingfromabatterythemembrane,whichisahugecomponentofupfrontcostsandaccountsforasmuchas30%ofthecostofthebattery.Theyinventedanewtypeofenergystoragematerialthatimprovesperformanceatalowercost.“Membranesarealsoinefficient.Theycan’tseparatethepositiveandnegativesidescompletely,sothereisalwayscrossover,”hesaid.Thegrouphassubmittedtemporarypatentapplications.“Thereisstillalongwaytogo,butwe’readvancingtowardadramaticbatterytransformationinthenextdecade.I’mconfidentaboutthat.Thereisalotofintenseresearchgoingintopushingtheboundariesofbatteryperformance,”Jiangsaid.8.What’smainlytalkedaboutinparagraph3?A.Whybatteriesareessential. B.Howtostorerenewableenergy.C.Whygreenenergyisneeded. D.Howtoconservenaturalresources.9.What’stheproblemwithtraditionalcarbatteries?A.They’retoopricy. B.They’remadeofrarematerials.C.They’reslowtocharge. D.Theyhaveapotentialexplosionrisk.10.WhatcanwesayaboutJiang’snoveldesign?A.Itmayreshapethebatteryindustry. B.It’sinappropriateforlarge-scaleuse.C.Itmayhelpminimizepowerconsumption. D.It’ssubjecttomatureindustrystandards.11.WhatisJiang’sattitudetowardstheprospectofthebattery?A.Dismissive. B.Uncertain. C.Positive. D.Pessimistic.【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了姜和他的團隊研究的新電池的優(yōu)點和不足，以及發(fā)展前景?！敬鸢浮?.A9.D10.A11.C8．【解析】主旨大意題。由文章第三段中““Batteriesstorerenewableenergyforwhenit’sneeded,notjustwhenit’sproduced.Thisiscrucialforgettingthemostoutofwindandsolarpower,”Jiangsaid.“Energygenerationandenergyconsumptionisalwaysmismatched.That’swhyit’simportanttohaveadevicethatcanstorethatenergytemporarilyandreleaseitwhenit’sneeded.”(姜說：“電池在需要的時候儲存可再生能源，而不僅僅是在生產(chǎn)的時候。這對充分利用風能和太陽能至關重要?！薄澳茉瓷a(chǎn)和能源消耗總是不匹配的。這就是為什么擁有一個可以臨時存儲能量并在需要時釋放能量的設備很重要?！?”可知，本段主要談論了電池很重要，是必不可少的。故選A。9．【解析】細節(jié)理解題。由文章第五段中“Andtheyhavealowlevelforelectrochemicalstability,whichmeanstheycanblowup.(它們的電化學穩(wěn)定性很低，這意味著它們會爆炸。)”可知，傳統(tǒng)汽車電池有潛在的爆炸風險。故選D。10．【解析】推理判斷題。由文章第一段中“JimmyJiangenvisionsafuturewhereeveryhouseispoweredbyrenewableenergystoredinbatteries.(JimmyJiang設想了一個未來，每個房子都由儲存在電池中的可再生能源供電。)”，第二段“JiangandhisteamattheUniversityofCincinnatihavedevelopedanewbatterythatcouldhavefar-reachingimplicationsforthelarge-scale(大規(guī)模)energystorageneededbywindandsolarfarms.(姜和他在辛辛那提大學的團隊開發(fā)了一種新電池，這種電池可能對風能和太陽能發(fā)電場所需的大規(guī)模儲能產(chǎn)生深遠影響。)”和最后一段“Thereisstillalongwaytogo,butwe’readvancingtowardadramaticbatterytransformationinthenextdecade.(還有很長的路要走，但我們正在朝著未來十年電池的巨大轉(zhuǎn)型邁進。)”可知，姜的新穎的設計，可能會給電池行業(yè)帶來巨大變革，會重塑電池行業(yè)。故選A。11．【解析】推理判斷題。由文章最后一段中““Thereisstillalongwaytogo,butwe’readvancingtowardadramaticbatterytransformationinthenextdecade.I’mconfidentaboutthat.Thereisalotofintenseresearchgoingintopushingtheboundariesofbatteryperformance,”Jiangsaid.(“我們還有很長的路要走，但我們正朝著未來十年電池的巨大轉(zhuǎn)型邁進。我對此很有信心。有很多深入的研究正在推動電池性能的極限，”姜說。)”可知，姜對于這種電池的前景很有信心，他是積極樂觀的。故選C。DImaginebeinganOlympicracer.Beforesteppingontothetrack,youhavetodecidewhichpairofshoestowear:Onemadefromsustainablematerialsoratraditionallybuiltmodel?Ifyou’relikemostpeople,you’doptforthenon-sustainableversion.Consumerbehaviorresearchindicatessustainableproductsareoftenassumedtobeweaker,lessdurableandperformworsethannon-sustainableones.Butarethereinstancesinwhichsustainabilityisnotaliability?Toinvestigatethis,researchersconductedaseriesofstudies.Theytheorizedthatundersomecircumstances,sustainabilitymayprovideahaloeffect,meaningthatbeingperceivedassustainablealsoleadsconsumerstoassumeotherpositivecharacteristicsaboutthemaswell.Inthefirststudy,595participantswereaskedtomakejudgmentsaboutseveralhouseholdproductslikewashingpowder.Theresultssuggestone’svaluesdoplayarole:Peoplewithhigherenvironmentalvaluesviewedsustainableproductsasalsobeinghigher-performing,thuslendingsupportforthehaloeffecttheory.Thesecondexperimentlookedspecificallyattheeffectofmessaging,testingtoseewhetherfocusingthesustainabilityclaimsonthecompany,asopposedtotheproduct,wouldbemoreeffectiveindrivingparticipants’beliefinproductperformance.270participantswereasked.Theresultssuggestthatassociatingsustainabilitywiththecompanyhasamuchlargerimpactthanmessagingaboutproductsustainability.Study3soughttofurtherexpandthesemechanismsbyexaminingtheinfluenceofsocietalimpact.148participantswhosawvariousadvertisementsforproductseitherdescribedashavinga“sustainablebenefit”or“societalbenefit”weremorelikelytoseetheproductsasbeingofhigherperformanceiftheywerepresentedaspositivelyimpactingsociety,aboveandbeyondmerelybeingsustainable,supportingtheideathatthehaloeffectisdrivenbythebeliefofthecompanyasamoralagentengagedinsociallybeneficialbehavior.Contrarytopreviousthinking,thisresearchillustratesthatsustainabilityclaimscanproducepositivebeliefaboutproductperformanceintheaboveconditions.Likethetrackstar,consumersoftenfeelsustainabilityandperformanceexcludeeachother.Whenthebrand(品牌)presentsitjusttherightway,theredoesn’tneedtobeatrade-off.Thesecanbeoneandthesame.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“l(fā)iability”inparagraph2mean?A.Priority. B.Secret. C.Drag. D.Target.13.ProductsustainabilityproducesapositivehaloeffectwhensustainabilityclaimsA.highlighttheproduct B.areaimedtogenerateprofitsC.contrastwithconsumers’values D.aremadeaboutthecompanyitself14.Onwhatbasisdidtheresearchersreachthestudyoutcome?A.Previousexperience. B.Salesstatistics.C.Respondents’opinions. D.Socialphenomenon.15.Whichisthebesttitleforthetext?A.HowGreenProductsBenefitConsumersB.HowConsumersViewCompanyCultureC.HowSustainabilityClaimsImpactProductQualityD.HowPsychologyHelpstheBeliefinGreenProducts【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了可持續(xù)發(fā)展可能會產(chǎn)生光環(huán)效應，可持續(xù)發(fā)展也會導致消費者對他們產(chǎn)生其他積極的看法。【答案】12.C13.D14.C15.C12．【解析】詞句猜測題。由文章第一段中“Consumerbehaviorresearchindicatessustainableproductsareoftenassumedtobeweaker,lessdurableandperformworsethannon-sustainableones.(消費者行為研究表明，可持續(xù)產(chǎn)品通常被認為比不可持續(xù)產(chǎn)品更弱、更不耐用、性能更差。)”和第二段中“Toinvestigatethis,researchersconductedaseriesofstudies.Theytheorizedthatundersomecircumstances,sustainabilitymayprovideahaloeffect,meaningthatbeingperceivedassustainablealsoleadsconsumerstoassumeotherpositivecharacteristicsaboutthemaswell.(為了對此進行調(diào)查，研究人員進行了一系列研究。他們認為，在某些情況下，可持續(xù)性可能會產(chǎn)生光環(huán)效應，這意味著被視為可持續(xù)性也會導致消費者對其產(chǎn)生其他積極特征。)”可知，通常人們認為可持續(xù)產(chǎn)品比不可持續(xù)產(chǎn)品更弱、更不耐用、性能更差，因此消費者不喜歡購買，但是研究表明可持續(xù)性可能會產(chǎn)生光環(huán)效應，不會是構成消費者不買的阻力。A.Priority優(yōu)先事項；B.Secret秘密；C.Drag阻力；D.Target目標。故選C。13．【解析】細節(jié)理解題。由文章第三段“Inthefirststudy,595participantswereaskedtomakejudgmentsaboutseveralhouseholdproductslikewashingpowder.Theresultssuggestone’svaluesdoplayarole:Peoplewithhigherenvironmentalvaluesviewedsustainableproductsasalsobeinghigher-performing,thuslendingsupportforthehaloeffecttheory.(第二個實驗專門研究了信息傳遞的效果，測試了將可持續(xù)性聲明的重點放在公司而不是產(chǎn)品上，是否能更有效地推動參與者對產(chǎn)品性能的信心。270名參與者接受了調(diào)查。結(jié)果表明，將可持續(xù)性與公司聯(lián)系起來比傳遞產(chǎn)品可持續(xù)性的信息有更大的影響。)”可知，當對公司本身提出可持續(xù)性聲明時，產(chǎn)品可持續(xù)性會產(chǎn)生積極的光環(huán)效應。故選D。14．【解析】推理判斷題。由文章第三段中“Inthefirststudy,595participantswereaskedtomakejudgmentsaboutseveralhouseholdproductslikewashingpowder.(在第一項研究中，595名參與者被要求對洗衣粉等幾種家用產(chǎn)品做出判斷。)”和第四段中“270participantswereasked.(270名參與者接受了調(diào)查。)”可知，研究人員是根據(jù)受訪者的意見得出研究結(jié)果的。故選C。15．【解析】標題判斷題。由文章最后一段中“Contrarytopreviousthinking,thisresearchillustratesthatsustainabilityclaimscanproducepositivebeliefaboutproductperformanceintheaboveconditions.(與之前的想法相反，本研究表明，在上述條件下，可持續(xù)發(fā)展主張可以產(chǎn)生對產(chǎn)品性能的積極信念。)”可知，本文主要講述可持續(xù)性聲明如何影響產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量。故選C。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Yourneighborsareprobablythefirstlineofdefenseincaseofanyproblematicsituation.____16____Itgivesyouanassurancethatyouhavepeopleclosebylookingoutforyou.Hereareeasilyapplicabletipsoncreatingstrongerneighborrelationships.Thefirststepisintroducingyourselfwhenyoumovetoanewneighborhoodorwhenanewcomermovesin.Leavethemanoteundertheirdoortointroduceyourself.____17____Itdoesn’thavetocostyouafortuneandoptingforapottedplantorbakedbiscuitswilldo.Theseactionspresentexcellentopportunitiestoconnectwiththem.Berespectfulofyourneighbors.It’sinpoortastetohaveregularinsensitivepartiesatyourplacecausingdisturbances.Beforeyourparty,it’sgoodpracticetonotifyyourneighbors.Besides,avoidchattingthemupforhoursonend,whichmaybeinconvenient,especiallyifyoudon’tknowtheirschedules.____18____Whenyouborrowanything,returnitinduetime.Ifyouaccidentallybreaktheirthings,replacethemwithoutbeingaskedto.____19____Youcouldoffertobabysityourneighbors’kids,helpwithsnowremovalsorevenkeepaneyeontheirhomewhenthey’reaway.Suchactsofreachingouttoyourneighborsmakeforstrongerrelationships.AsEmmaSepp?l?putit,“socialconnectednessgeneratesapositivefeedbackloop(圈)ofsocial,emotionalandphysicalwell-being.”Itfeelssoeasytojuststayhomewithouthavingtoengagewithyourneighborsbutconnectingwiththemisworththeeffort.____20____A.Remembereverysmallgesturecounts.B.Acrisisisatestofcommunicationskills.C.Itcanactuallyboostyourmoodinthelongrun.D.Slippingitintheirmailboxfurthersolidifiesfriendship.E.It’sessentialtoensureyoumaintaindecentrelationshipswiththem.F.Alternatively,youcangivethemagiftwhilemakingyourselfknowntothem.G.Onlybyestablishinghealthyboundarieswillyouachievepeacefulcoexistence.【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了如何與鄰居搞好關系。【答案】16.E17.F18.G19.A20.C16．【解析】由上文“Yourneighborsareprobablythefirstlineofdefenseincaseofanyproblematicsituation.(萬一出現(xiàn)問題，你的鄰居可能是第一道防線。)”可知，下面要說跟“鄰里關系很重要”有關的話題。故E選項“It’sessentialtoensureyoumaintaindecentrelationshipswiththem.(確保你與他們保持良好的關系是至關重要的。)”能承接上文。E項中的“them”與空前的“Yourneighbors”相對應。故選E。17．【解析】由下文“Itdoesn’thavetocostyouafortuneandoptingforapottedplantorbakedbiscuitswilldo.(不用花很多錢，選擇盆栽或烤餅干就可以了。)”可知，上面要說“給人的禮物”有關的話題。故F選項“Alternatively,youcangivethemagiftwhilemakingyourselfknowntothem.(或者，你可以給他們一份禮物，同時讓他們知道你自己。)”能引起下文，符合題意。F項中的“agift”與空后的“It”相對應。故選F。18．【解析】由上文“Berespectfulofyourneighbors.It’sinpoortastetohaveregularinsensitivepartiesatyourplacecausingdisturbances.Beforeyourparty,it’sgoodpracticetonotifyyourneighbors.Besides,avoidchattingthemupforhoursonend,whichmaybeinconvenient,especiallyifyoudon’tknowtheirschedules.(尊重你的鄰居。經(jīng)常在你的住處舉行麻木不化的聚會，引起騷亂，是很沒品味的。在你的聚會之前，通知你的鄰居是一個好習慣。此外，避免連續(xù)幾個小時和他們聊天，這可能會很不方便，尤其是如果你不知道他們的日程安排。)”和后文“Whenyouborrowanything,returnitinduetime.Ifyouaccidentallybreaktheirthings,replacethemwithoutbeingaskedto.(當你借任何東西時，要及時歸還。如果你不小心弄壞了他們的東西，不要被要求更換。)”可知，這些都是和鄰居建立健康的邊界的好處。故G選項“Onlybyestablishinghealthyboundarieswillyouachievepeacefulcoexistence.(只有建立健康的邊界，你才能實現(xiàn)和平共處。)”能承上啟下，符合題意。故選G。19．【解析】由后文“Youcouldoffertobabysityourneighbors’kids,helpwithsnowremovalsorevenkeepaneyeontheirhomewhenthey’reaway.Suchactsofreachingouttoyourneighborsmakeforstrongerrelationships.(你可以幫忙照看鄰居的孩子，幫他們掃雪，甚至在他們不在的時候幫他們照看一下房子。這種向鄰居伸出援手的行為可以建立更牢固的關系。)”可知，這些善意的舉動有助于搞好鄰里關系。故A選項“Remembereverysmallgesturecounts.(記住，每一個小舉動都很重要。)”能引起下文，符合題意。故選A。20．【解析】由上文“AsEmmaSepp?l?putit,“socialconnectednessgeneratesapositivefeedbackloop(圈)ofsocial,emotionalandphysicalwell-being.”Itfeelssoeasytojuststayhomewithouthavingtoengagewithyourneighborsbutconnectingwiththemisworththeeffort.(正如艾瑪Sepp?l?所說，“社會聯(lián)系產(chǎn)生了社會、情感和身體健康的積極反饋循環(huán)?！贝粼诩依锔杏X很容易，不需要和鄰居聯(lián)系，但和他們聯(lián)系是值得的。)”可知，和鄰居相處的好，會產(chǎn)生社會、情感和身體健康的積極反饋循環(huán)。故C選項“Itcanactuallyboostyourmoodinthelongrun.(從長遠來看，它實際上可以提升你的情緒。)”能承承接上文，符合題意。C項中的“boostyourmood”與空前的“apositivefeedback”相對應。故選C。第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。WhitedressedupasCaptainAmericafortheannualAnti-Bullying(反霸凌)SuperheroDay.Butwhenspotting____21____oneafternoon,hecouldn’t____22____anysuperpowers.Itwasrushhour.Whitewas____23____homewhenhenoticedapickupontheoppositesideofthetwo-waystreet.Itwashardto____24____,foritwascrashingintothecurb(馬路牙子)beforecourse-correcting,onlytohititagain.Asthecardrewcloser,Whitegotagoodlookatthe____25____:Thedriverappearedtobeasleep.Hehadto____26____thatvehicle.____27____,WhitemadeaU-turn,facinginthesamedirectionasthepickup,buttherewerefourcars____28____them.Whitepressedhishorn,hopingthecarsinfrontwouldmoveaside.Theydidn’t.Trapped,Whitepulledhiscarover.He____29____upthesidewalk,cutintotheroadandranaroundtothedriver’sside.White____30____theframe(框)oftheopenwindow,hislegsmovinginstepwiththepickup,andwithamighty____31____,jumpedin.DeAngelis,themanbehindthe____32____,hadunexpectedlyfaceddangerouslylowbloodsugar,andjustcometo.Hewas____33____bytheoddsightofastrangerlyingacrosshisstomach.Whiteimmediatelybroughtthepickuptoastop.DeAngeliswasrushedtoahospital,whereitwasdeterminedthathadhisbloodsugargonelower,hislifecouldhavebeenendangered.White____34____asuperhero,buthisquickthinkinganddaring____35____madehimareal-lifehero.21.A.barrier B.unfairness C.violence D.trouble22.A.givewayto B.fallbackon C.getaround D.forgetabout23.A.cycling B.running C.driving D.walking24.A.locate B.miss C.search D.contact25.A.outcome B.tendency C.process D.problem26.A.stop B.move C.report D.disable27.A.Mistakenly B.Sincerely C.Decidedly D.Hesitantly28.A.following B.separating C.threatening D.approaching29.A.waved B.escaped C.wandered D.raced30.A.struck B.measured C.grabbed D.broke31.A.bug B.lift C.blow D.kick32.A.scene B.pickup C.wheel D.seat33.A.shocked B.ashamed C.discouraged D.amused34.A.protected B.encounteredC.created D.played35.A.rescue B.visit C.guidance D.comment【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了懷特救人的過程?！敬鸢浮?1.D22.B23.C24.B25.D26.A27.C28.B29.D30.C31.B32.C33.A34.D35.A21．【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但有一天下午，當他發(fā)現(xiàn)有麻煩時，他不能求助于任何超能力。A.barrier屏障；B.unfairness不公平；C.violence暴力；D.trouble麻煩。根據(jù)后文的“Thedriverappearedtobeasleep.Hehadtothatvehicle.”可知，那位司機情況危險，有麻煩，懷特想去幫助他。故選D項。22．【解析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：但有一天下午，當他發(fā)現(xiàn)有麻煩時，他不能求助于任何超能力。A.givewayto讓位于；B.fallbackon求助于；C.getaround繞過；D.forgetabout忘掉。根據(jù)后文的“anysuperpowers”可知，懷特在現(xiàn)實生活不能求助于超能力。故選B項。23．【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：懷特正開車回家，這時候注意到在雙行道的對面有一輛小貨車。A.cycling騎自行車；B.running運行；C.driving驅(qū)動；D.walking行走。根據(jù)后文的“Trapped,Whitepulledhiscarover.”可知，懷特停下自己的車，故他是開車回家的。故選C項。24．【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這很難看不見，因為它在調(diào)整路線之前撞到了路邊，結(jié)果再次撞上了它。A.locate定位；B.miss未看見；C.search搜索；D.contact聯(lián)系。根據(jù)前文的“whenhenoticedapickupontheoppositesideofthetwo-waystreet.”和后文“foritwascrashingintothecurb(馬路牙子)beforecourse-correcting,onlytohititagain.”可知，這輛車兩次撞到路邊，很難不去注意它。故選B項。25．【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當汽車越來越近時，懷特很清楚地看到了問題：司機似乎睡著了。A.outcome結(jié)果；B.tendency傾向；C.process過程；D.problem問題。根據(jù)下文的“Thedriverappearedtobeasleep.”可知，那輛車出現(xiàn)了問題，司機似乎睡著了。故選D項。26．【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他不得不攔停那輛車。A.stop停止；B.move移動；C.report報告；D.disable使殘廢。根據(jù)前文的“Thedriverappearedtobeasleep.”可知，司機似乎睡著了，所以他必須去攔停那輛車。故選A項。27．【解析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：懷特果斷地掉頭，面對皮卡車的同一個方向，但有四輛車把他們隔開了。A.Mistakenly錯誤；B.Sincerely真誠的；C.Decidedly果斷地；D.Hesitantly猶豫不決。根據(jù)前文的“Thedriverappearedtobeasleep.Hehadtothatvehicle.”可知，那位司機情況危險，懷特果斷決定去幫助他。故選C項。28．【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：懷特果斷地掉頭，面向皮卡車的同一個方向，但有四輛車把他們隔開了。A.following跟隨；B.separating分離；C.threatening威脅；D..approaching接近。根據(jù)下文的“hopingthecarsinfrontwouldmoveaside”可知，懷特按了按喇叭，希望前面的汽車能靠邊站，故可推測懷特的車和那輛車之間有車把他們分開了。故選B項。29．【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他快速跑上人行道，沖進馬路，繞到駕駛座旁邊。A.waved揮手；B.escaped逃逸；C.wandered偏離(正道)；D.raced疾走；全速行進。根據(jù)前文“Whitepulledhiscarover”和后文的“

cutintotheroadandranaroundtothedriver’sside”可知，懷特停下車，下車跑上人行道，跑向事故車輛的駕駛座旁邊。故選D項。30．【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：懷特抓住開著的窗框，他的腿與他的抓取步調(diào)一致，有力地抬起，跳了進去。A.struck擊中；B.measured測量；C.grabbed抓?。籇.broke打破。根據(jù)后文的“theframe(框)oftheopenwindow”和“jumpedin”可知，懷特抓住了開著的窗框，抬腿跳進車里。故選C項。31．【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：懷特抓住開著的窗框，他的腿與他的抓取步調(diào)一致，有力地抬起，跳了進去。A.bug錯誤；B.lift升力；C.blow吹；D.kick踢。根據(jù)后文的“jumpedin”可知，有力地抬起腿。故選B項。32．【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：迪安吉利斯，開車的男人，出乎意料地面臨著危險的低血糖，才醒過來。A.scene場景；B.pickup皮卡貨車；C.wheel車輪；D.seat座位。根據(jù)前文內(nèi)容和下文的“Hewasbytheoddsightofastrangerlyingacrosshisstomach.”可知，這個人是開車的司機，behindthewheel“在駕駛中”。故選C項。33．【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：看到一個陌生人橫跨在他的肚子上，他嚇了一跳。A.shocked震驚；B.ashamed羞愧的；C.discouraged氣餒的；D.amused好笑的。根據(jù)后文的“bytheoddsightofastrangerlyingacrosshisstomach”可知，看到這個場景，他嚇了一跳。故選A項。34．【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：懷特扮演的是超級英雄，但他敏捷的思維和大膽的救援使他成為了現(xiàn)實生活中的英雄。A.protected保護；B.encountered遇到；C.created創(chuàng)造；D.played扮演。根據(jù)前文的“WhitedressedupasCaptainAmericafortheannualAnti-Bullying(反霸凌)SuperheroDay.”可知，懷特扮演的是超級英雄。故選D項。35．【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：懷特扮演的是超級英雄，但他敏捷的思維和大膽的救援使他成為了現(xiàn)實生活中的英雄。A.rescue搶救；B.visit訪問；C.guidance指導；D.comment議論。根據(jù)前文的“Whitetheframe(框)oftheopenwindow,hislegsmovinginstepwiththepickup,andwithamighty,jumpedin.”可知，此