2021年浙江省高考英語【1月】（含解析版）

202年月浙江省普通高校招生學(xué)考科目考試英語試題及答案第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分0分）做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題紙上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有0秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡9.5.B.￡9.8.C.￡9.5.答案是C。.Whatdidthewomandoyesterday?A.Sheplayedfootball.B.Shewatchedagame.CSheworkedinthelab.2.Whatwilltheweatherbeliketomorrowevening?A.Cloudy.B.Rainy.C.Windy..WhatwillJackdothisweekend?A.Goonaschooltrip.B.Haveafamilypicnic.C.Prepareforanexam.4.Whydoesthemanmakethecall?A.Toarrangeameeting.B.Tocancelavisit.C.Toaskforassistance.5.Howdoesthemanfeelnow?A.Refreshed.B.Anxious.C.Sleepy.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Husbandandwife.B.Hostessandguest.C.Chefandcustomer.7.Whatisthemanmostlikelytohavefordinner?A.Frenchfries.B.Hamsandwiches.C.Fishandvegetables.聽第7段材料，回答第8至0題。8.WherewillGeorgegoafterthebusinesstrip?A.Milan.B.Rome.C.Florence.9.WhatisbannedinFlorence?A.Eatinginthestreet.B.Dressingupassoldiers.C.Singingonpublictransport.0.WhatdoesGeorgethinkofthenewrules?AThey'reeffective.B.They'retimely.C.They'rereasonable.聽第8段材料，回答第至題。.WhydoesMs.McDanieltalktoFrank?A.Hemissedaspeech.B.Hefailedtopassatest.C.Hewantedtodropaclass.2.HowwouldMs.McDaniel'sstudentsreactifaspeakermadeamistake?A.laughatthespeaker.B.Sympathizewiththespeaker.C.Persuadethespeakertotryagain..HowdoesMs.McDanielsound?A.Optimistic.B.Humorous.C.Encouraging.聽第9段材料，回答第4至6題。4.Whatmakesthemansurprised?A.Thenumberofjobapplicants.B.Theexperienceofemployees.C.Thecandidates'languageskills.5.Howmanycandidatesarethespeakersgoingtomeet?A.2.B.2.C.20.6.Whatdothespeakerstalkaboutattheendoftheconversation?A.Jobdescription.B.Interviewprocedure.C.Candidates'background.聽第0段材料，回答第7至20題。7.WhatdidGalloreceiveyesterday?A.Acallfromhersister.B.Abottlefromheraunt.C.Aletterfromastranger.8.Wheredidthefishermanfindthebottle?A.OnMonheganIsland.B.AtCumberland.C.InSpain.9.HowoldwasGallowhenshethrewoutthebottle?AFight.B.Eleven.C.Fourteen.20.Whereisthebottlenow?A.Intheocean.B.AtGallo'shome.C.Withthefisherman.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分5分）第一節(jié)（共0小題；每小題2.5分，滿分25分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和ID四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題紙上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AMorethan25yearsago,SarooBrierleylivedinrural（農(nóng)村）India.Oneday,heplayedwithhisbrotheralongtheraillineandfellasleep.Whenhewokeupandfoundhimselfalone,the4-year-olddecidedhisbrothermightbeonthetrainhesawinfrontofhim-sohegoton.Thattraintookhimathousandmilesacrossthecountrytoatotallystrangecity.Helivedonthestreets,andtheninanorphanage（孤兒院）.There,hewasadoptedbyanAustralianfamilyandflowntoTasmania.Ashewritesinhisnewbook,ALongWayHome,Brierleycouldn'thelpbutwonderabouthishometownbackinIndia.Herememberedlandmarks,butsincehedidn'tknowhistown'sname,findingasmallneighborhoodinavastcountryprovedtobeimpossible.Thenhefoundadigitalmappingprogram.Hespentyearssearchingforhishometownintheprogram'ssatellitepictures.In20,hecameacrosssomethingfamiliar.Hestudieditandrealizedhewaslookingatatown'scentralbusinessdistrictfromabird's-eyeview.Hethought,“Ontheright-handsideyoushouldseethethree-platformtrainstation”—andthereitwas."Andontheleft-handsideyoushouldseeabigfountain"-andthereitwas.Everythingjuststartedtomatch.Whenhestoodinfrontofthehousewherehegrewupasachild,hesawaladystandingintheentrance."There'ssomethingaboutme,"hethought—andittookhimafewsecondsbuthefinallyrememberedwhatsheusedtolooklike.InaninterviewBrierleysays,"MymotherlookedsomuchshorterthanIremembered.Butshecameforthandwalkedforward,andIwalkedforward,andmyfeelingsandtearsandthechemicalinmybrain,youknow,itwaslikeanuclearfusion（核聚變）.Ijustdidn'tknowwhattosay,becauseIneverthoughtseeingmymotherwouldeveretrue.AndhereIam,standinginfrontofher.”.WhywasBrierleyseparatedfromhisfamilyabout25yearsago?A.Hegotonatrainbymistake.B.Hegotlostwhileplayinginthestreet.C.Hewastakenawaybyaforeigner.D.HewasadoptedbyanAustralianfamily.2.HowdidBrierleyfindhishometown?A.Byanalyzingoldpictures.B.BytravellingallaroundIndia.C.BystudyingdigitalmapsD.Byspreadinghisstoryviahisbook..WhatdoesBrierleymainlytalkaboutintheinterview?A.Hisloveforhismother.B.Hisreunionwithhismother.C.Hislongwaybackhome.D.Hismemoryofhishometown.【答案】.A2.C.B【解析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了布爾利小時(shí)候意外走失，長大后通過自己努力找回家人的故事。【題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“Whenhewokeupandfoundhimselfalone:the4-year-olddecidedhisbrothermightbeonthetrainhesawinfrontofhim-sohegoton.(當(dāng)他醒來發(fā)現(xiàn)自己一個(gè)人時(shí)：4歲的孩子判斷他哥哥可能在他前面看到的火車上，所以他上了車)”以及第二段中“Thattraintookhimathousandmilesacrossthecountrytoatotallystrangecity.(那列火車把他帶到了一個(gè)千里迢迢之外的陌生城市）”可知，布爾利在25年前和家人分開是因?yàn)樗`上了火車。故選A項(xiàng)。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。通過文章第四段“Thenhefoundadigitalmappingprogram.Hespentyearssearchingforhishometownintheprogram’ssatellitepictures.(然后他找到了一個(gè)數(shù)字地圖程序。他花了數(shù)年時(shí)間在該節(jié)目的衛(wèi)星圖片中尋找家鄉(xiāng))”以及“Everythingjuststartedtomatch.(一切都開始匹配了）”可知，布爾利是通過研究數(shù)字地圖找到家鄉(xiāng)的。故選C項(xiàng)?！绢}詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。通過文章最后一段“InaninterviewBrierleysays:“MymotherlookedsomuchshorterthanIremembered.Butshecameforthandwalkedforward,andIwalkedforward,andmyfeelingsandtearsandthechemicalinmybrain,youknow:itwaslikenuclearfusion（核聚變）.justdidn’tknowwhattosay:becauseIneverthoughtseeingmymotherwouldeveretrue.AndhereIam,standinginfrontofher.(在一次采訪中，布爾利說：“我媽媽看起來比我記憶中矮多了。但是她走了出來，朝我走來，我也向著她走去，我的感情、眼淚和大腦里的化學(xué)物質(zhì)，你知道的：就像發(fā)生了核聚變。只是不知道該說些什么：因?yàn)槲覐臎]想過見到我母親會(huì)成為現(xiàn)實(shí)。我就在這里，站在她面前。)”可知，作者在采訪中講述了他和母親的團(tuán)聚。故選B項(xiàng)。BAtthestartofthe20thcentury,anAmericanengineernamedJohnElfrethWatkinsmadepredictionsaboutlifetoday.Hispredictionsaboutslowingpopulationgrowth,mobilephonesandincreasingheightwereclosetothemark.Buthewaswronginoneprediction:thateverybodywouldwalk0milesaday.Today,inAustralia,mostchildrenonaveragefall2,000stepsshortofthephysicalactivitytheyneedtoavoidbeingoverweight.Intheearly970s,40percentofchildrenwalkedtoschool,whilein200,itwasaslowas5percent.Thedeclineisnotbecausewehaveallbeelazy.Familiesarepressedfortime,manywithbothparentsworkingtopayfortheirhouse,oftenworkinghoursnotoftheirchoosing,livingincar-dependentneighborhoodswithlimitedpublictransport.Theothersideofthecoinisequallyadeprivation:forhealthandwell-being,aswellaslostopportunities（機(jī)會(huì)）forchildrentogettoknowtheirlocalsurroundings.Andforparentstherearelostopportunitiestowalkandtalkwiththeiryoungscholarabouttheirday.Mostparentswillhaveeagerlyaskedtheirchildabouttheirday,onlytomeetwitha“good”,quicklyfollowedby"I'mhungry".Thisisalsomyexperienceasamother.Butsomewhereoverthedailywalkmoreaboutmyson'sdayesout.Ihearhimmakingsenseoffriendshipanditslimits.Thisistheunexpectedandrareparentalopportunitytohearmore.Manyprimaryschoolssupportwalkingschool-busroutes（路線）,withdaysofregular,parent-acpaniedwalks.Doingjustoneoftheseafewtimesaweekisbetterthannothing.Itcanbetoughtobeginandtakesalittleplanning-runningshoesbythefrontdoor,lunchesmadethenightbefore,umbrellasonrainydaysandhatsonhotones-butit'scertainlyworthtrying.4.WhydoestheauthormentionWatkins'predictionsinthefirstparagraph?A.Tomakeparisons. B.Tointroducethetopic.C.Tosupportherargument. D.Toprovideexamples.5.WhathascausedthedecreaseinAustralianchildren'sphysicalactivity?A.Plainlaziness. B.Healthproblems.C.Lackoftime. D.Securityconcerns.6.Whydoestheauthorfindwalkingwithhersonworthwhile?A.Shecangetrelaxedafterwork. B.Shecankeepphysicallyfit.C.Shecanhelpwithherson'sstudy. D.Shecanknowhersonbetter.【答案】4.B5.C6.D【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章通過否定沃特金斯的預(yù)言，進(jìn)而提出現(xiàn)在人們時(shí)間的緊缺和陪伴的重要性。【4題詳解】推理判斷題。通過文章第二段“Today:inAustralia:mostchildrenonaveragefall2:000stepsshortofthephysicalactivitytheyneedtoavoidbeingoverweight.Intheearly970s,40percentofchildrenwalkedtoschoolwhilein200,itwasaslowas5percent.(今天：在澳大利亞：大多數(shù)孩子平均比避免超重所需的體力活動(dòng)少了2000步。在上世紀(jì)70年代初，40%的孩子步行上學(xué)，而在200年，這一比例降至5%)”說明作者根據(jù)沃特金斯的預(yù)言做了相關(guān)調(diào)查，并且寫下了這篇文章。通讀全文得知作者在第一段提到沃特金斯的預(yù)言，是為了介紹文章主題。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。通過文章第三段中“Familiesarepressedfortime:manywithbothparentsworkingtopayfortheirhouse,oftenworkinghoursnotoftheirchoosing,livingincar-dependentneighborhoodswithlimitedpublictransport.(家庭時(shí)間緊迫：許多家庭的父母都在為房子買單而工作，工作時(shí)間往往不是他們自己選擇的，他們住在公共交通有限的依賴汽車的社區(qū))”可知，導(dǎo)致澳大利亞兒童體育活動(dòng)的減少的原因是時(shí)間不夠。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。通過文章倒數(shù)第二段中“Butsomewhereoverthedailywalkmoreaboutmyson’sdayesout.Ihearhimmakingsenseoffriendshipanditslimits.Thisistheunexpectedandrareparentalopportunitytohearmore.(但是，在每天散步的某個(gè)地方，更多關(guān)于我兒子日常的事情出現(xiàn)了。我聽到他在理解友誼及其局限性。這是一個(gè)意想不到的難得的機(jī)會(huì)，家長聽到更多)”說明作者覺得和兒子一起散步能讓她更了解她的兒子。故選D項(xiàng)。CResearcherssaytheyhavetranslatedthemeaningofgesturesthatwildchimpanzees(黑猩猩)usetomunicate.Theysaywildchimpsmunicate9specificmessagestooneanotherwitha"vocabulary"of66gestures.ThescientistsdiscoveredthisbyfollowingandfilminggroupsofchimpsinUganda,andexaminingmorethan5,000incidentsofthesemeaningfulexchanges.DrCatherineHobaiter,wholedtheresearch,saidthatthiswastheonlyformofintentionalmunicationtoberecordedintheanimalkingdom.Onlyhumansandchimps,shesaid,hadasystemofmunicationwheretheydeliberatelysentamessagetoanothergroupmember."That'swhat'ssoamazingaboutchimpgestures,"shesaid."They'retheonlythingthatlookslikehumanlanguageinthatrespect.”Althoughpreviousresearchhasshownthatapesandmonkeyscanunderstandplexinformationfromanotheranimal'scall,theanimalsdonotappeartousetheirvoicesintentionallytomunicatemessages.Thiswasasignificantdifferencebetweencallsandgestures,DrHobaitersaid.Chimpswillchecktoseeiftheyhavetheattentionoftheanimalwithwhichtheywishtomunicate.Inonecase,amotherpresentsherfoottohercryingbaby,signaling:"Climbonme."Theyoungsterimmediatelyjumpsontoitsmothersbackandtheytravelofftogether."Thebigmessagefromthisstudyisthatthereisanotherspecies(物種)outthere.thatismeaningfulinitsmunication,sothat'snotuniquetohumans,"saidDrHobaiter.DrSusanneShultz,anevolutionarybiologistfromtheUniversityofManchester,saidthestudywaspraiseworthyinseekingtoenrichourknowledgeoftheevolutionofhumanlanguage.But,sheadded,theresultswere"alittledisappointing"."Thevaguenessofthegesturemeaningssuggestseitherthatthechimpshavelittletomunicate,orwearestillmissingalotoftheinformationcontainedintheirgesturesandactions,"shesaid."Moreover,themeaningsseemtonotgobeyondwhatotheranimalconveywithnon-verbalmunication.So,itseemsthegulfremains."7.WhatdochimpsandhumanshaveinmonaccordingtoDrHobaiter?A.Memorizingspecificwords. B.Understandingplexinformation.C.Usingvoicestomunicate. D.municatingmessagesonpurpose.8.WhatdidDrShultzthinkofthestudy?A.Itwaswelldesignedbutpoorlyconducted.B.Itwasagoodtrybutthefindingswerelimited.C.Itwasinspiringbuttheevidencewasunreliable.D.Itwasafailurebutthemethodsdeservedpraise.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"gulf"inthelastparagraphmean?A.Difference. B.Conflict. C.Balance. D.Connection.0.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ChimpanzeebehaviourstudyachievedabreakthroughB.ChimpanzeesdevelopedspecificmunicationskillsC.Chimpanzees:thesmartestspeciesintheanimalkingdomD.Chimpanzeelanguage:municationgesturestranslated【答案】7.D8.B9.A0.D【解析】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了科學(xué)家們通過跟蹤和拍攝烏干達(dá)的黑猩猩群，翻譯出了黑猩猩用來交流的手勢含義?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Onlyhumansandchimps,shesaid,hadasystemofmunicationwheretheydeliberatelysentamessagetoanothergroupmember.（她說，只有人類和黑猩猩有一個(gè)交流系統(tǒng)，他們故意向其他成員發(fā)送信息）”可知，根據(jù)DrHobaiter，黑猩猩和人類的共同點(diǎn)在于故意傳遞信息，故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段中的“DrSusanneShultz,anevolutionarybiologistfromtheUniversityofManchester,saidthestudywaspraiseworthyinseekingtoenrichourknowledgeoftheevolutionofhumanlanguage.But,sheadded,theresultswere“alittledisappointing”（曼徹斯特大學(xué)的進(jìn)化生物學(xué)家蘇珊娜·舒爾茨博士說，這項(xiàng)研究是值得稱贊的，它試圖豐富我們對人類語言進(jìn)化的知識(shí)。但是，她補(bǔ)充說，結(jié)果“有點(diǎn)令人失望”）”可知，這項(xiàng)研究是一個(gè)好的嘗試，但是發(fā)現(xiàn)的結(jié)果是有限的。故選B?！?題詳解】詞義猜測題。首先根據(jù)第三段中的“They’retheonlythingthatlookslikehumanlanguageinthatrespect.（在這方面，它們是唯一看起來像人類語言的東西）”可知，黑猩猩的手勢交流很像我們?nèi)祟愓Z言的交流方式。但是根據(jù)最后一段中的“Moreover,themeaningsseemtonotgobeyondwhatotheranimalsconveywithnon-verbalmunications.（此外，這些含義似乎并不超越其他動(dòng)物通過非語言交流所傳達(dá)的信息）”可知，黑猩猩手勢的交流方式還是和我們語言的交流方式存在不同的，也就是“So,itseemsthegulfremains.（所以，看來差異依然存在）”，故gulf的意思是difference，故選A。【0題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段的“Researcherssaytheyhavetranslatedthemeaningofgesturesthatwildchimpanzeesusetomunicate.（研究人員表示，他們已經(jīng)翻譯出了野生黑猩猩用來交流的手勢的含義）”以及文章對這方面的討論可知，文章主要講科學(xué)家們對黑猩猩手勢的研究及一些成果，所以D項(xiàng)：黑猩猩語言：翻譯出來的交流手勢，這一題目涵蓋文章的內(nèi)容。故選D。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分0分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Yourunintothegrocerystoretopickuponebottleofwater.Yougetwhatyouneed,headtothefront,andchoosethelinethatlooksfastest.Youchosewrong.Peoplewhoyousweargotinotherlineslongafteryouarealreadycheckedoutandofftotheparkinglot.______Itturnsout,it'sjustmathworkingagainstyou;chancesare,theotherlinereallyisfaster.Grocerystorestrytohaveenoughemployeesatcheckouttogetalltheircustomersthroughwithminimumdelay.___2___Anysmallinterruption-apricecheck,achattycustomer-canhavedownstreameffects,holdingupanentireline.Iftherearethreelinesinthestore,delayswillhappenrandomlyatdifferentregisters.Thinkabouttheprobability:________Soit'snotjustinyourmind:Anotherlineprobablyismovingfaster.Researchershaveagoodwaytodealwiththisproblem.Makeallcustomersstandinonelong,snakingline-calledaserpentineline-andserveeachpersonatthefrontwiththenextavailableregister.___4___Thisiswhattheydoatmostbanksandfast-foodrestaurants.Withaserpentineline,alongdelayatoneregisterwon'tunfairlypunishthepeoplewholinedupbehindit.Instead,itwillslowdowneveryonealittlebitbutspeedupcheckoutoverall.____5____Ittakesmanyregisterstokeeponelinemovingquickly,andsomestorescan'taffordthespaceormanpower.Sowhereveryournextwaitmaybe:Goodluck.A.Whydoesthisalwaysseemtohappentoyou?B.Sowhydon'tmostplacesencourageserpentinelines?C.Someofthemayhavestoodinaqueueforalmostanhour.D.Thechancesofyourlinebeingthefastestareonlyoneinthree.E.Howhighistheprobabilitythatyouareinthefastestwaitingline?F.Withthreeregisters,thismethodismuchfasterthanthetraditionalapproach.G.Butsometimes,asonaSundayafternoon,thesystemgetsparticularlybusy.【答案】.A2.G.D4.F5.B【解析】本文是說明文。文章說明了雜貨店排隊(duì)方式以及研究人員提出的蛇形隊(duì)伍的新方式，并分析了各自的利弊。【題詳解】下文“Itturnsout,it'sjustmathworkingagainstyou;chancesare,theotherlinereallyisfaster.（原來，這只是你的數(shù)學(xué)問題；很可能，另一個(gè)隊(duì)伍真的更快。）”解釋了上文“Youchosewrong.(你選錯(cuò)了)”的原因，下文與空格處是因果關(guān)系，所以本空應(yīng)該是對前文選錯(cuò)提出疑惑，故選A項(xiàng)。【2題詳解】上文“Grocerystorestrytohaveenoughemployeesatcheckouttogetalltheircustomersthroughwithminimumdelay.（雜貨店盡量讓足夠的員工在結(jié)賬時(shí)讓所有的顧客以最小的延誤完成結(jié)賬。）”解釋了雜貨店之前的工作模式，下文“Anysmallinterruptionapricecheck,achattycustomer-canhavedownstreameffects,holdingupanentireline.（任何一個(gè)小小的中斷，一個(gè)價(jià)格檢查，一個(gè)喋喋不休的顧客，都會(huì)產(chǎn)生下游效應(yīng)，拖住整個(gè)生產(chǎn)線。）”描述了雜貨店的特殊情況，故本空應(yīng)該填出現(xiàn)特殊情況的原因，故選G項(xiàng)。【題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Iftherearethreelinesinthestore,delayswillhappenrandomlyatdifferentregisters.（如果雜貨店中有三列隊(duì)伍，延遲將在不同的隊(duì)伍中隨機(jī)發(fā)生。）”聯(lián)系下文“Soit'snotjustinyourmind:Anotherlineprobablyismovingfaster.（所以這不僅僅是在你的腦海里：另一條隊(duì)伍可能移動(dòng)得更快。）”可知本空說的是任何一個(gè)隊(duì)伍都有可能出現(xiàn)問題。你的隊(duì)伍跑得最快的幾率只有三分之一。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】根據(jù)“上文Researchershaveagoodwaytodealwiththisproblem.(我們得知研究人員有一個(gè)很好的方法來處理這個(gè)問題)”以及下文“Thisiswhattheydoatmostbanksandfast-foodrestaurants.Withaserpentineline,alongdelayatoneregisterwon'tunfairlypunishthepeoplewholinedupbehindit.Instead,itwillslowdowneveryonelittlebitbutspeedupcheckoutoverall.（這個(gè)大多數(shù)銀行和快餐店都是這樣做的。有了一條蜿蜒的隊(duì)伍，在一個(gè)登記處長時(shí)間拖延不會(huì)不公平地懲罰后面排隊(duì)的人。相反，它會(huì)減慢每個(gè)人一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)，但加快了整體結(jié)帳速度。）”說明這個(gè)新方案迅速有效，聯(lián)系上下文可知，空格中應(yīng)該是與舊的結(jié)賬方案作比較。故選F項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】結(jié)合下文“Ittakesmanyregisterstokeeponelinemovingquickly,andsomestorescan'taffordthespaceormanpower.（要保持一條生產(chǎn)線的快速運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)，需要很多的收銀機(jī)，而且有些商店負(fù)擔(dān)不起空間和人力。）”說明了一個(gè)原因，由此可知，空格處提出了一個(gè)問題；通過“Ittakesmanyregisterstokeeponelinemovingquickly.(保持一條生產(chǎn)線的快速運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn))”可知這里描述的是不鼓勵(lì)蛇形隊(duì)伍的原因。故選B項(xiàng)。第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)（共20小題；每小題.5分，滿分0分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題紙上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。LastyearIdecidedtodosomevolunteerwork.Ibeganto____6____ontheInternetanddiscoveredVolunteerUSA.ThreemonthslaterI____7____myselfonaplanetoPhoenix,Arizona.Iwas____8____atthethoughtoflivingwithloadsofnewpeopleforthreemonths.However,withinfifteenminutesof____9____,myworrieshadgone.Everyonewasso____20____andlike-mindedthatitwasvery____2____tofeelathome.IwassenttotheCoronadoNationalForestformyfirst8-day____22____.Wehadto____2____everythingweneededandwalkthreemilestowhereweworked.Itmaynotseemlikea____24____waybutin5℃heatandwithaheavypack,mylegswereonfire.Myjobwasto____25____astairwayoutofrock.This____26____climbingupanddownthesideofamountaininhabited(棲息)bymountainlions,althoughIshouldsaytheywereonlyheard,never____27____.Threedayslater,abeautifulstairwaycameintobeing.The____28____ofknowingthatmy____29____willbeonthatmountainsideforyearstoeismassive.Butonthelastnightwewere____0____inathunderstorm.Iwokeupatmidnighttofindaswimmingpoolinmytent.Thetemperaturewascloseto________.Ihadtospendtherestofthenighttremblingintheonly____2____partofmytent.________,Isufferedalot.ButIknowwhateverIhavetofaceinmylifeIwasthereandI____4____.IthinkIammuch____5____forhavingtakenpartintheproject.6.A.calculate B.negotiate C.advertise D.research7.A.imagined B.introduced C.enjoyed D.found8.A.annoyed B.surprised C.scared D.excited9.A.arriving B.sleeping C.thinking D.walking20.A.confident B.friendly C.energetic D.curious2.A.funny B.good C.lucky D.easy22.A.tour B.project C.campaign D.course2.A.drop B.make C.carry D.buy24.A.nice B.safe C.long D.quick25.A.build B.test C.clean D.guard26.A.helped B.ended C.allowed D.meant27.A.hunted B.trained C.seen D.fed28.A.satisfaction B.ambition C.expectation D.intention29.A.work B.memory C.record D.story0.A.left B.caught C.attacked D.separated.A.boiling B.average C.normal D.freezing2.A.tidy B.dry C.new D.soft.A.Bytheway B.Regardlessofthat C.Needlesstosay D.Ineitherease4.A.survived B.resisted C.escaped D.recovered5.A.smarter B.stronger C.happier D.busier【答案】6.D7.D8.C9.A20.B2.D22.B2.C24.C25.A26.D27.C28.A29.A0.B.D2.B.C4.A5.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章講述了作者去年通過網(wǎng)上查詢信息得到去科羅拉多國家森林當(dāng)志愿者的機(jī)會(huì)，雖然期間作者經(jīng)歷了暴雨中帳篷漏水，為獅子上下山而搭建臺(tái)階的繁重工作等磨難，仍然感謝這個(gè)經(jīng)歷讓自己變得更堅(jiān)強(qiáng)。【6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我開始在網(wǎng)上查詢并且發(fā)現(xiàn)“美國志愿者”。A.calculate計(jì)算；B.negotiate協(xié)商；C.advertise登廣告；D.research研究。根據(jù)前文的“LastyearIdecidedtodosomevolunteerwork.”可知，作者在網(wǎng)上研究有哪些可以做志愿者的信息。故選D項(xiàng)。【7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：三個(gè)月后，我發(fā)現(xiàn)自己在飛往亞利桑那州鳳凰城的飛機(jī)上。A.imagined想象；B.introduced介紹；C.enjoyed喜歡；D.found發(fā)現(xiàn)。根據(jù)前文的“Ibeganto__ontheInternet…”可知，作者之前還在網(wǎng)上查閱，三個(gè)月后自己就動(dòng)身了。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：一想到我要和一群陌生人一起住三個(gè)月，我很害怕。A.annoyed煩惱的；B.surprised驚訝的；C.scared害怕的；D.excited興奮的。根據(jù)后面的“myworrieshadgone.”可知，我一開始很擔(dān)憂。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，到達(dá)5分鐘里我的擔(dān)憂就消失了。A.arriving到達(dá)；B.sleeping睡覺；C.thinking思考；D.walking行走。根據(jù)“feelathome”得知到達(dá)目的地不久，作者就不擔(dān)心了。故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：每個(gè)人都如此友好和志趣相投以至于很容易有賓至如家的感覺。A.confident自信的；B.friendly友好的；C.energetic活力的；D.curious好奇的。根據(jù)后文“andlike-minded”可推斷，作者感覺大家都很友好。故選B項(xiàng)。【2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：每個(gè)人都如此友好和志趣相投以至于很容易有賓至如家的感覺。A.funny搞笑的；B.good好的；C.lucky幸運(yùn)的；D.easy容易的。根據(jù)“thatlike-minded”和“feelathome”得知大家都很友好并且志趣相投，感覺到家的溫暖很容易。故選D項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我被派往科羅拉多國家森林開始頭8天的項(xiàng)目。A.tour游覽；B.project項(xiàng)目；C.campaign活動(dòng)；D.course課程。根據(jù)下文“forhavingtakenpartintheproject”可知，這是在說當(dāng)志愿者的項(xiàng)目，原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我們必須帶上需要的東西走到三英里外我們工作的地方。A.drop掉下；B.make制作；C.carry攜帶；D.buy購買。根據(jù)下文“withaheavypack”可知，作者他們要背負(fù)著必需品走。故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：可能看起來不遠(yuǎn)，但是在5度高溫下，背著沉重的物品，我的腿像是著了火。A.nice好的；B.safe安全的；C.long長的；D.quick快的。根據(jù)前文“walkthreemiles”可知，作者他們走的路程不遠(yuǎn)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我的工作是用巖石建一個(gè)階梯。A.build建造；B.test測試；C.clean清潔；D.guard保衛(wèi)。根據(jù)下文“climbingupanddownthesideofamountain.”可知，作者在獅子棲息地建一個(gè)階梯供獅子攀爬。故選A項(xiàng)。【26題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這意味著獅子能在山上棲息地通過階梯爬上爬下。A.helped幫助；B.ended結(jié)束；C.allowed允許；D.meant意味。根據(jù)“climbingupanddown”可知，臺(tái)階修好了意味著獅子可以爬上爬下。故選D項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然我應(yīng)該說他們只被聽說過，從沒被親眼見過。A.hunted捕獵；B.trained訓(xùn)練；C.seen看到；D.fed喂養(yǎng)。根據(jù)前文“althoughIshouldsaytheywereonlyheard”可知，作者以前沒有見過。故選C項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：知道我的作品將會(huì)在未來的幾年里出現(xiàn)在那片山坡上，我的滿足感是巨大的。A.satisfaction滿意；B.ambition雄心；C.expectation期待；D.intention意圖。根據(jù)上文的“abeautifulstairwaycameintobeing”可知，我修的臺(tái)階成型了，我很滿意。故選A項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：知道我的作品將會(huì)在未來的幾年里出現(xiàn)在那片山坡上，我的滿足感是巨大的。A.work工作，作品；B.memory回憶；C.record記錄；D.story故事。根據(jù)上文的“Myjobwasto”“abeautifulstairwaycameintobeing”可知，修臺(tái)階是我的工作。故選A項(xiàng)。【0題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但是在最后一晚，我們被困在雷雨中。A.left離開；B.caught捉?。籆.attacked襲擊；D.separated分離。根據(jù)下文“Iwokeupatmidnighttofindaswimmingpoolinmytent”可知，作者他們被困在雷雨中。故選B項(xiàng)?！绢}詳解】考查形容詞短語辨析。句意：溫度接近零度。A.boiling煮沸的的；B.average平均的；C.normal正常的；D.freezing冰凍的。根據(jù)下文“trembling”得知溫度很低。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我不得不后半夜在帳篷干的那一塊地方發(fā)抖。A.tidy干凈的；B.dry干的；C.new新的；D.soft軟的。根據(jù)上文的“thunderstorm”和后文的“partofmytent”可知，帳篷里進(jìn)了水，作者蜷縮在帳篷干的地方。故選B項(xiàng)?！绢}詳解】考查介詞短語詞義辨析。句意：不用說我受了很多苦。A.Bytheway順便問一下；B.Regardlessofthat盡管這樣；C.Needlesstosay不用說；D.Ineithercase在這兩種情況下。根據(jù)前文給獅子棲息地建造臺(tái)階和下雨天帳篷漏水可知，作者當(dāng)志愿者時(shí)受了很多苦。故選C項(xiàng)。【4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：但是我知道不論人生中面對什么，我都在這，我都活了下來。A.survived生存；B.resisted反抗；C.escaped逃離，抓牢；D.recovered恢復(fù)。根據(jù)上文“ButIknowwhateverIhavetofaceinmylifeIwasthere.”可知，作者認(rèn)為再多苦都可以堅(jiān)持下來，挺過去。故選A項(xiàng)。【5題詳解】考查形容詞比較級(jí)詞義辨析。句意：我認(rèn)為因?yàn)閰⒓舆@個(gè)項(xiàng)目我更強(qiáng)壯了。A.smarter更聰明的；B.stronger更強(qiáng)壯的；C.happier更快樂的；D.busier更忙碌的。根據(jù)前文“ButIknowwhateverIhavetofaceinmylifeIwasthere.可知作者感覺經(jīng)歷讓他更強(qiáng)壯。故選B項(xiàng)?！军c(diǎn)睛】第二節(jié)（共0小題；每小題.5分，滿分5分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（個(gè)單詞）或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。InastudyofyearsoftrendsinBodyMassIndex(體重指數(shù))across200countries,thescientistsfoundthatpeopleworldwidearegettingheavier____6____thatmostoftheriseisduetogainsinBMIinruralareas.BMIisaninternationallyrecognizedmeasurementtool____7____givesanindicationofwhethersomeoneisahealthyweight.Itiscalculatedbydividinga____8____(person)weightinkgbytheirheightinmeterssquared.andaBMIofbetween9and25____9____(consider)healthy.Thestudyfoundthatbetween985and207,averageruralBMIincreased____40____2.inwomenandmen.Incities,however,thegain____4____(be).inwomenand.6inmen.Theresearchersdescribed“strikingchanges”inthegeographyofBMI.Tn985，urbanmenandwomeninmorethanthreequartersofthecountries____42____(study)hadhigherBMIsthanmenandwomeninruralareas.But0yearslater,theBMIdifferencebetweenurbanandruralpeopleinmanycountrieshadnarrowed____4____(sharp).Thismaybeduetosomedisadvantagesforpeople____44____(live)inthecountryside,including____45____(low)levelsofineandeducation,highercostsofhealthyfoods,andfewersportsfacilities.【答案】6.and7.that/which8.person’s9.isconsidered40.by4.was42.Studied4.sharply44.living45.lower【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了如今世界各地的人體重越來越超標(biāo)，主要是由于農(nóng)村地區(qū)的體重指數(shù)（BMI）增加了，并分析了其中的原因?！?題詳解】考查連詞。句意：在一項(xiàng)對200個(gè)國家年體重指數(shù)趨勢的研究中，科學(xué)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)，世界各地的人們體重越來越重，而這主要是由于農(nóng)村地區(qū)體重指數(shù)的增加。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，thatpeopleworldwidearegettingheavier和thatmostoftheriseisduetogainsinBMIinruralareas.都是found引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，是并列關(guān)系，故填and?！?題詳解】考查定語從句關(guān)系代詞。句意：BMI是一種國際公認(rèn)的測量工具，它可以顯示一個(gè)人的體重是否健康。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，tool是先行詞，且在從句中做主語，故填that/which?！?題詳解】考查名詞所有格。句意：它的計(jì)算方法是用一個(gè)人的體重(公斤)除以身高(米)的平方，BMI在9到25之間被認(rèn)為是健康的。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，person是修飾weight的，用person的名詞所有格person’s。故填person’s?！?題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞被動(dòng)語態(tài)。句意：它的計(jì)算方法是用一個(gè)人的體重(公斤)除以身高(米)的平方，BMI在9到25之間被認(rèn)為是健康的。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，句子缺少謂語，主語（aBMI）是單數(shù)，時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，且主語和consider是表被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故填isconsidered?！?0題詳解】考查介詞。句意：研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，985年至207年間，農(nóng)村女性和男性的平均BMI增加了2.。increaseby表示“增加了”；increaseto表示“增加到”。根據(jù)正常的成人BMI數(shù)值（8.5-2.9）可知，increaseby符合語境，故填by。【4題詳解】考查主謂一致和動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：然而，在城市中，女性增加了.，男性增加了.6。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，句子缺少謂語，主語（gain）是單數(shù)，時(shí)態(tài)是一般過去時(shí)，故填was?！?2題詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：985年，在被研究的國家中，超過四分之三的城市男性和女性的BMIs高于農(nóng)村地區(qū)的男性和女性。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，句子的謂語是had，所以study用非謂語形式，它的邏輯主語是countries，表被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故填studied?！?題詳解】考查副詞。句意：但0年后，許多國家城市和農(nóng)村人口的BMI差異大幅縮小。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，sharp是要修飾動(dòng)詞narrow，用sharp的副詞形式sharply。故填sharply?！?4題詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：這可能是由于生活在農(nóng)村的人有一些不利條件，包括較低的收入和教育水平，較高的健康食品成本，以及較少的體育設(shè)施。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，句子已有謂語動(dòng)詞maybe，故live用非謂語形式，它的邏輯主語是people，表主動(dòng)關(guān)系，做定語，用現(xiàn)在分詞形式，故填living?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞比較級(jí)。句意：這可能是由于生活在農(nóng)村的人有一些不利條件，包括較低的收入和教育水平，較高的健康食品成本，以及較少的體育設(shè)施。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，including說明的是一些不利條件，且后面有higher和fewer，是并列關(guān)系，所以low也應(yīng)該用比較級(jí)形式，故填lower。第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)應(yīng)用文寫作（滿分5分）46.假定你是李華，下周有新西蘭學(xué)生訪問你校，你將作為學(xué)生代表致歡迎辭。請為此寫一篇發(fā)言稿，內(nèi)容包括：.表示歡迎；2.介紹活動(dòng)安排；.表達(dá)祝愿。注意：.詞數(shù)80左右；2.可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫?！敬鸢浮緿istinguishedguests:Onbehalfofourschool,Iwouldliketoconveymysincereweleforyourvisiting.Atfirst,itisofsignificancetofullyunderstandtheschool.Asscheduled,allofyouwillvisitthemuseum,whichcontainsthesplendidhistoryofourschool.Furthermore,ourclassesareworthyofbeingattended,becauseyoucanappreciatethedifferencesbetweenChineseandwesternteachingmethods.Afterthat,itisatcanteenthatyoucanhaveaspeciallunchwithourstudents.Asmentionedabove,Iextremelyexpectyouring.Mayyouhaveanunforgettab