2023-2024學(xué)年山東省青島市李滄區(qū)高三上學(xué)期期中考試英語試題 （解析版）

青島市李滄區(qū)2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期期中考試英語試卷第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）略第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分375分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ABringingGoodsintotheUKYouareallowedtobringsomegoodsforpersonalusewithoutpayingtaxorduty.ArrivalsfromEUcountriesYoucanbringgoodsfromEUcountrieswithoutbeingchargedtaxordutyiftheyare:●transportedbyyourself;●agiftorforpersonaluse;●boughtwithtaxanddutyincludedYoucanbringalcoholandtobaccofromEUcountrieswithoutrestrictionbutaninquirymightberequireddependingontheamountofyourgoods.ArrivalsfromoutsidetheEUYouwillbefreeofdutyortaxoncertainamountsofgoodsbroughtfromoutsidetheEU,aslongastheyareforyourownuse.Anygoodsthatarebeyondyourallowanceshouldbedeclared.Alcohol&tobaccoallowanceTypeofgoodsCigarettesCigarsTobaccoBeerWine(notsparkingwine)SpiritsAlcoholicdrinksAmount20050250grams16litres4litres1litres2litres※Therearenoduty-freeallowancesfortobaccooralcoholifyou'reunder17.Allowanceforothergoods:Themaximumvalueofothergoodsyoucanbringis￡390.Anysingleitemthatisworthmorethantheallowancewillbechargeddutyortaxonitsfullvalue.Therateofdutyortaxonitemsabovetheallowanceis:●2.5%forgoodsworthupto￡630;●decidedbythetypeofgoodsworthabove￡630-checkbycallingtheVAT,CustomsandExciseHelpline.InsidetheUK;03002003700OutsidetheUK:+442920501261Workingtime:8amto6pm,MondaytoFriday,BannedandrestrictedgoodsGoodsbannedinclude:●illegaldrugs;●offensiveweapons;●endangeredanimalandplantspecies;●meatanddairyproductsfrommostnon-EUcountries.Foodandplantproductsrestrictedinclude;●productscontainingpestsanddiseases;●productsgrownoutsidetheEU;●productsnotforyourownuse.Wereservetherighttoseizethegoodswhichareonsuspicionofviolatingintellectualpropertyrights.1.WhichofthefollowingproductsfromoutsidetheEUhasthelargestduty-freeallowance?A.Beer. B.Wine(notsparklingwine). C.Spirits. D.Alcoholicdrinks.2.HowmuchtaxshallonecomingfromChinapayforaringboughtinAmericaworth￡500?A.￡2.75 B.￡12.5 C.￡110. D.￡130.3.Whichofthefollowingitemsshallbebannedorrestricted?A.AsetofRussiandolls. B.AbottleofFrenchwine.C.AbrickofAustraliancheese. D.ApackageofSpanishcigarettes.BEugeneNewmanParker,aleadingfigureinheliospheric(日球?qū)拥?physicsforthepasthalfcentury,passedawaypeacefullyathishomeinChicagoonMar.15.Hewas94.Hailed(譽為)asavisionaryinthefieldofheliophysics,ParkerrevolutionizedourunderstandingofthesunanditseffectsonEarthandotherbodieswithinthesolarsystem.NASAevenstatedthat“thefieldofheliophysicsexistsinlargepartbecauseofDr.EugeneParker.In2018,Parkerbecamethefirstlivingscientisttowitnessthelaunchofaspacecraftthatwasnamedinhishonor.Parkerisbestknownforhisgroundbreakingtheoryontheexistenceofaphenomenoncalled“solarwind”,acontinuousstreamofchargedparticlesthatflowoffthesun.Itcanbecomeviolent,causingspaceweatherthatimpactstheEarth.WhenParker’sresearchwaspublishedin1958,histheorywasinitiallymetwithskepticism(懷疑)andridiculebythescientificcommunity.Thegeneralviewatthetimewasthatthespacebetweenplanetswasanabsolutevacuum(真空),andwasthuscompletelyemptyofanymatter.But,therewerenoerrorsinhisstudyorhiscalculations,andthetheorywaslaterproventobecorrectin1962,whenaNASAspacecraftmissiontoVenusrevealedtheconstantpresenceofasupersonicwind—exactlyasParkerhadpredicted.ThatexperiencelikelyledtotheadviceParkeroftengaveyoungresearchers:“Ifyoudosomethingneworinnovative,expecttrouble.Butthinkcriticallyaboutitbecauseifyou’rewrong,youwanttobethefirstonetoknowthat.”Parkerneverco-authoredapaperwithhisstudents,thusurgingthemtobeindependent.Parkerwashumble,straightforward,andwise.HissonEricsaid,“MysisterJoyceandIdidn’tgetarealfeelforwhata‘bigdog’ourdadwasinthefield.”TheygotanevenbettersensewhenamonthafterParker’sdeath,theytraveledtoLund,Sweden,toacceptonhisbehalftheCrafoordPrizeinAstronomy.4.Whatcanwelearnfromthesecondparagraph?A.AspacecraftwasnamedinmemoryofParker.B.ThesunhaslesseffectsonEarththanexpected.C.Parkerdeservedcreditforhisgreatcontributions.D.NASAprovidednewinsightsintothelunareffect.5.WhydidpeopleviewParker’stheoryof“solarwind”skepticallyatfirst?A.Itwentagainstthepopularopinionatthattime.B.Somemistakeswerefoundinhiscalculations.C.ThepresenceofasupersonicwindwasprovenbyNASA.D.Matterwasbelievedtoexistinthespacebetweenplanets.6.WhatdidParkersuggestyoungresearchersdo?A.seekclosecooperation B.avoidhighexpectationsC.learnbytrialanderror D.competeagainstothers7.WhatwordscanbeusedtodescribeParkeraccordingtothepassage?A.straightforwardandgenerous B.responsibleandaccessibleC.intelligentyetconservative D.distinguishedyetmodestCFromrollinghillstomountainranges,viewsmakeanyroadtripmemorable,butforblindpassengersthisispartoftheexperiencetheymiss.MotorcompanyFordtriestochangethat.ItteamedupwithGTBRomaandAedoProject—todevelopatechnologythatwillgivethoseunfortunatepassengersawaytofeelnature’sbeautythroughtheircarwindows.Theprototype(原型)ofthesmartcarwindowhasadevicewithanoutside-facingcamera.Withjustapressofabutton,thesystemtakesapictureofthecurrentview.Thecolorfulpictureisthenturnedintoanimagewithdifferentshadesofgreythrough,LEDlights,whichvibrates(震動)differently.Asthefingerpassesoverdifferentregionsoftheimage,itsshakingmovementsprovidefeedbackthroughthesenseoftouchtothepersonusingit.ThesmartwindowalsocomeswithavoiceassistantthatusesAItoidentifythesceneandhelpthepassengersgetinformationonwhatthey’reseeing.“Astheprototypestartedtakingshape,werealizedweweregivingbirthtoacompletelynewlanguagethatwouldgiveblindpeopleanewchancetovisualizeandexperiencetraveling,”

FedericoRusso.-onedirectorofGTBRoma,said.“Whentheideawasatitsfirststage,welookedforsuppliersallaroundtheworldtomakeitcometolife.”Hebelievesthetechnologycanbeemployednotjustincars.“Itcouldbeintroducedintoschoolsandinstitutionsforblindpeopleasatoolthatcouldbeusedinmultipleways.”ThetechnologymayshowupinaFordautonomousvehicle.It’sknownthatthecompanyistestingtheirtechnologyandfuturebusinessmodelandstrugglingtofigureouthowanautonomousvehiclegivesdifferentpassengersthedetailsneededtogetfromonedestinationtoanother.It’sunclearwhenthistechnologywillbemadeavailable.However,theideaofbuildingsomethingforthelessadvancedisindeedakindandinfluentialaction.8.Howdoesthesmartcarwindowwork?A.Bysortingshakingmovements. B.Byrecordingtheviewwithacamera.C.Bytranslatingsceneryintovibrations. D.Bypresentingdifferentshadesofcolors.9.WhatcanweknowaboutthetechnologyaccordingtoFedericoRuss??A.Itwillhavewideapplication. B.Itwillbeusedinschoolsfirst.C.Itwillbetestedaroundtheworld. D.Itwillunderstanddifferentlanguages.10.WhatdifficultyisFordfacingcurrently?A.Howtoexploretheirfuturebusinessmodel.B.Howthetechnologyisappliedtoeverydaylife.C.Howtoproduceautonomouscarsinlargenumbers.D.Howanautonomousvehicleprovidesrouteinformation.11.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.AI-basedWindowAddsFuntoRoadTripsB.FordDevelopsaSystemfortheBlindtoDriveC.SmartWindowLetsBlindPassengersFeelViewsD.TechnologyMakesBlindPeople’sTripEnjoyableDImagineafuturewheresciencehascreatedyourtwin.Notaflesh-and-bloodtwin,butonethatrecreatesyourfleshandblood,yourbones,yourheart,yourbrain—yourwholebody,infact—asanextremelycomplicatedcomputermodel.Yourdoctorscanusethisdigitaltwintoworkouthowyouwillrespondtoaparticulardrugormedicalprocedure.Theycanevenlookfurtherintothefuture,creatinga“healthcast”,toforecastwhatdiseasesmighthappentoyouorhowyourlifestylewillaffectyourhealthasyouage.Itistheultimateinpersonalizedmedicine.ThisistheboldvisionsetoutinVirtualYou:HowbuildingyourdigitaltwinwillrevolutionizemedicineandchangeyourlifebyPeterCoveney,directoroftheCentreforComputationalScience,andRogerHighfield,sciencedirectoroftheScienceMuseumGroup,UK.Digitaltwinsarealreadyinwidespreaduseinindustriessuchascivilengineering.Butthesemodelsystemsaremuchsimplerthanthecomplexhumanbody.Imagineallthepartsthatcometogethertomakeyouwork:fromthe3billionlettersofyourgenome(基因組),thenumerousmolecules(分子)thatmakeupyourcells,thetrillionsofcellsbuildingyourtissuesandorgans,andtheenvironmenthavingitsinputtoo.Now,imaginetryingtocreateamodelofthisthatismadetoeachuniqueindividualandthatpredictsthechangesthatwilltakeplaceoveralifetime.Thisiseasiersaidthandone.Changesinthesystemsbiologistswanttodescribeareusuallydifferentfromwhatmathematiciansdescribeas“non-linear”(非線性的).Anothercomplicationis“emergence”:wherethewholeofasystemisgreaterthanthesumofitsparts.Thiscomplexitychallengesmathematicsandpushescomputingtothelimittoo.Butgettingtothenextlevel—awholehumanindividual—isgoingtorequireyetmoredataandarevolutionincomputingtechnologyfarbeyondwhatiscurrentlypossible.Whetherwewillgetthereisanopenquestion,butVirtualYoushowsuswhatscientistsfromdifferentfieldscanachievewhentheyallworktogether.12.Whatbelearnedaboutyourscience-madetwinaccordingtoParagraph1?A.Yourtwinlooksjustlikeyou.B.Yourtwinknowsyourthoughts.C.Yourtwinexistsonthecomputer.D.YourtwiniscreatedoutofyourDNA.13.Whyisitdifficulttobuildadigitaltwin?A.Humanbodyismorecomplicatedthanmodels.B.Digitaltwinsarenotwidelyusedinindustries.C.Scientistslackenoughdatainbuildingit.D.Mathematiciansandbiologistsholddifferentopinions.14.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardstheideaofadigitaltwin?A.Optimistic.B.Uncertain.C.Unconcerned.D.Skeptical.15.Whatisthepurposeofthistext?A.Tostressthenecessityofdigitaltwins.B.Toshowtheeffectsofdigitaltwinsonfuturehealth.C.Toexplainthebuildingofdigitaltwinsinhealth.D.Tointroducenewtreatmentsfordiseasesinthefuture.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，選項中有兩項為多余選項。Ifyou’vestudiedbiology,you’veprobablylearnedaboutbloodtypes.Orperhapsyouhavelearnedsomethingaboutbloodtypesfromsocialmedia.16Theseletterscorrespondtotwoantigens(抗原),AandB.PeoplewithABbloodhavebothantigens,thosewithAorBhaveonlyone,andpeoplewithOhavenoantigensatall.17Ifyou’vehadabloodtransfusion(輸血),youareprobablyawarethatyourbloodtypedetermineswhichbloodyoucanreceive.Maybeyou’llthinkthatyoushouldplanyourmealsbasedonyourbloodtype.18ThislastconceptispopularinAsia,particularlyinSouthKorea.Someonewithtype-Abloodisthoughttobeconsideratebutshy.Peoplewithtype-Bbloodareknownforbeingcreativebutodd.Type-Oindividualsareconsideredtobesomeofthemostsociablepeople.Thosewithtype-ABaresensibleartists,butsometimescalculatingorunpredictable.SouthKoreaisoneplacewherethebloodtypepersonalitytheorycatcheson.Astudyreleasedin2017suggeststhatnearly60%SouthKoreansbelievethatbloodtypesserveasanindicatorofaperson’spersonality.19Butsuchtheorycanalsocausediscrimination.Intheabove-mentionedstudy,abouthalfoftherespondentssaidthattheylikepeoplewithtype-Obloodthebest.20Thegeneralbeliefwasthattype-OindividualshaveapersonalitythatbestfitsthecultureinSouthKorea,whileAB-typesdon’tsuitsuchaculturaloutlook.Asaresult,inrecentyears,manymediahavestoppedpromotingthetheory.A.Manyfactorscontributetoyourbloodtype.B.So,whatdoesbloodtypemeantoyoupersonally?C.Meanwhile,only6%ofthosesurveyedsaidtheylikeAB-types.D.Theyhavealargesocialcirclebutareveryeasytogetannoyed.E.Orperhapsyouthinkyourbloodtypeinfluencesyourpersonality.F.Eventhosethatdon’tagreewiththeconceptarefamiliarwiththeidea.G.Eitherway,you’llknowtherearefourmainbloodtypes:A,B,O,andAB.第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每小題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。EarlyonthemorningofOctober13,LaPierrewasheadingtotheChicagoMarathononthecity’sBlueLineL.The21wasfullofenergizedmarathoners.Beforelong,LaPierrenoticedamanmovingfrompassengertopassenger,askingforspare22.HisbehaviorstruckLaPierreas“reallyweird,”especiallythewayhestareddownanyonehefelthadn’t23himenough.AttheCumberlandstation,mostofthepassengerssuddenly24thecar.LaPierrerushedouttoseewhatwasgoingon,onlytohear25peopleshoutingthatthemanaskingformoneywas,infact,armedand26people.Asthearmedmanhoppedontothenexttraincar,LaPierrefollowedhim.“Icouldnot27knowingtherewere28childrenandpeoplejusttryingtogettoarace,”hesays.ThemanturnedandsawLaPierre,hisheaddown,bull-rushinghim.Althoughthemanwasfar29andyounger,LaPierrecrashedintohimandmanagedtopinhim30thecloseddoor.“OnceIgotafewfeetfromhim,Iknewhewouldn’tbeabletoreactfastenoughto31me,”hetoldtheChicagoSun-Times.Thetwomenfoughtforthegun—andtheir32.Themantriedpushingpasthim,but33,LaPierregrabbedthegunandhandedittoapassenger.Thenthepolicepouredintothetrain,andLaPierreletthem34.Hehadamarathontorun.ThiswasnotthefirsttimeLaPierrehadjumpedintoa(n)35.Afewyearsback,hehelpedpreventadrugstorerobbery.“Ijusthappentobeattherightplaceattherightmoment,”hesays.21.A.coach B.plane C.train D.ship22.A.seat B.change C.food D.time23.A.thanked B.paid C.known D.given24.A.pulled B.fled C.boarded D.started25.A.encouraged B.disappointed C.panicked D.confused26.A.begging B.entertaining C.robbing D.dismissing27.A.walkaway B.breakin C.stepforward D.comealong28.A.careful B.brave C.innocent D.needy29.A.larger B.thinner C.wiser D.quieter30.A.off B.against C.beyond D.under31.A.shoot B.chase C.spot D.miss32.A.prizes B.funds C.lives D.rights33.A.naturally B.thankfully C.generally D.unfortunately34.A.standby B.backoff C.playalong D.takeover35.A.race B.fight C.argument D.situation第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀短文內(nèi)容，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Forpeopleinterestedinlearningmoreabouttheethnic(少數(shù)民族)Miaoculture,anidealplacetoexperienceitisanethnicMiaocommunity,calledQianhu,inGuizhouProvince.36haspreservedthedistinctiveculturaltraditionsoftheMiaoethnicgroupexhibitedintheformsofarchitecture,arts,anddailylifestyle.Thisworld’slargestMiaocommunityconsists37adozensmallersettlements38(spread)overrollingmountains.Singingis39essentialpartoflocallife.TheMiaopeoplebegintolearnhowtosingasearlyastheycanspeak.TheMiaopeoplearealsoknownformakingfineembroidery(刺繡).DifferentfromotherpartsofChina,thethemes40(express)inMiaoembroideryareshowy,41(imagine),andoftenbasedonfolklores(民俗).Meanwhile,Miaopeoplecan42(effortless)arrangecolorsinawaythatavoidsawkwardness.Thisisatrulynaturalgift.AnotherfineelementoftheMiaocultureiswearingsilverornaments(裝飾).Formostoftheirhistory,theMiaopeople43(have)nowrittenlanguage,sotheyhadtopreserveandpassontheirheritagethroughvisualelements,likecarvinghistoryonsilverornaments.Overtime,thiscrafthasevolvedintoavehicle44representstheMiaocultureandspirit.TheMiaosongs,embroidery,andsilverornamentsallconveytherich,profoundhistoryoftheMiaopeopleand45(symbol)thecontinuityoftheircultureandtraditions.第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（滿分15分）假定你是校學(xué)生會主席李華，外教Mike被評為本學(xué)期“最受歡迎教師”。請寫一份頒獎詞，內(nèi)容包括：1.回顧Mike的工作；2.簡述他獲獎的理由。注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；2.結(jié)束語已為你寫好，不計字數(shù)；3.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。Dearall,______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Nowlet’swelcomeourprincipaltopresentthisawardtoMike!第二節(jié)（滿分25分）閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Ilookedaroundthecrowdedwaitingroomatthehospitalandsighed.Wouldthedoctorbeabletoseemyeight-year-oldsonnext?Icouldn’tstopshakingasthewoundinhisforeheadwasdeep.WewereatthehospitalbecauseanotherchildhadthrownarockatLukeduringthebreakashewasrunningaroundthecorner.Lukereceivedfourstitches(縫針).Ifoughtbacktheurgetocry.Forthenexttwodays,hiseyewasswollenshutandblackandblue.IfeltlikeI’dhadamininervousbreakdown.EverytimeItriedtosleeportendtodosomehousework,horriblethoughtscreptintomymind.Whatifhe’dlosthiseye?Whatifhe’dhadbraindamage?Hisdoctorassuredmehewasgoingtobefine,butthewhat-ifskeptcoming.Fearhadtakenover,andthenthefearturnedtoanger.Iwasangrywiththechildwho’dthrowntherock.Ijustcouldn’tshakeit.Whatwasshethinking?Sheshouldhaveknownbetter.Severaldayslater,Luke’steachercalledmethateveningtoseehowhewasfeeling,tellingmeKatiefeltterribleandheartbrokenoverwhathadhappened.IaskedtheteachertomakeKatieunderstandshecouldn’tdothatandremindherofthedangersofthrowingrocks.Theteacheragreed,whichmademefeelbetter.InoticedthatasLukestartedtohealphysically,Iwasn’tasangry.IthoughtaboutKatieandLuke.Iwantedtostandupformyson,protecthim,butIdidn’twanttomistreatKatiebecauseIlearnedfromtheteacherKatiereallywasanicekidandthatshewasjusttryingtoremovetherocksonootherchildrenwouldtriponit.Lastnight,Luke’steacherstoppedbyanddroppedoffaget-wellcardthatKatiehadmade.LuckandIreaditseveraltimes,andIcouldn’thelpbutfeelalittlechokedup.Itwasasincereapology.注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。IwantedthistobeateachablemomentforLuketolearnaboutforgiveness.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Thenextmorning,LukeandIwaitedforKatiewiththeletterattheschoolgate.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________參考答案：1.A2.B3.C【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章是一篇關(guān)于能夠帶入英國物品的說明，包括可以帶入的物品、要被征稅的物品和煙酒類產(chǎn)品的起征額度等信息。1.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Alcohol&tobaccoallowance表格中“Beer：16litres(啤酒：16升)”是所有商品中數(shù)額最大的，故“啤酒”這種來自歐盟以外的產(chǎn)品有最大的免稅額度。故選A。2.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Therateofdutyortaxonitemsabovetheallowanceis:●2.5%forgoodsworthupto￡630(超過免稅額的物品的稅率為：●630英鎊以下的商品價格為2.5%)”可知，一個來自中國的人在美國買一枚價值500英鎊的戒指要交稅500*2.5%=12.5英鎊。故選B。3.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Goodsbannedinclude:●meatanddairyproductsfrommostnon-EUcountries.(禁止的商品包括：來自大多數(shù)非歐盟國家的肉類和奶制品)”可知，澳大利亞奶酪磚會被禁止帶入。故選C。4.C5.A6.C7.D【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章介紹了日球物理學(xué)的領(lǐng)軍人物，尤金·紐曼·帕克的貢獻以及他對年輕人的影響。4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“ParkerrevolutionizedourunderstandingofthesunanditseffectsonEarthandotherbodieswithinthesolarsystem.(帕克徹底改變了我們對太陽及其對地球和太陽系內(nèi)其他天體的影響的認識。)”以及“NASAevenstatedthat“thefieldofheliophysicsexistsinlargepartbecauseofDr.EugeneParker.(美國宇航局甚至表示，“太陽物理學(xué)領(lǐng)域的存在在很大程度上要歸功于尤金·帕克博士。”)”可知，帕克對整個日球物理學(xué)領(lǐng)域做出了極大的貢獻，他是值得贊揚的。故選C。5.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“WhenParker’sresearchwaspublishedin1958,histheorywasinitiallymetwithskepticism(懷疑)andridiculebythescientificcommunity.(當(dāng)帕克的研究成果于1958年發(fā)表時，他的理論最初遭到了科學(xué)界的質(zhì)疑和嘲笑。)”以及“Thegeneralviewatthetimewasthatthespacebetweenplanetswasanabsolutevacuum(真空),andwasthuscompletelyemptyofanymatter.(當(dāng)時的普遍觀點是，行星之間的空間是絕對真空的，因此完全沒有任何物質(zhì)。)”可知，人們起初對帕克的“太陽風(fēng)”理論持懷疑態(tài)度，因為它違背了當(dāng)時的流行觀點。故選A。6.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“ThatexperiencelikelyledtotheadviceParkeroftengaveyoungresearchers:“Ifyoudosomethingneworinnovative,expecttrouble.Butthinkcriticallyaboutitbecauseifyou’rewrong,youwanttobethefirstonetoknowthat.”(這段經(jīng)歷可能導(dǎo)致了帕克經(jīng)常給年輕研究人員的建議：“如果你做了一些新的或創(chuàng)新的事情，預(yù)計會有麻煩。但要批判性地思考，因為如果你錯了，你想成為第一個知道這一點的人。”)”可知，帕克給年輕人的建議是從錯誤和嘗試中學(xué)習(xí)。故選C。7.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Hailed(譽為)asavisionaryinthefieldofheliophysics,ParkerrevolutionizedourunderstandingofthesunanditseffectsonEarthandotherbodieswithinthesolarsystem.(被譽為作為太陽物理學(xué)領(lǐng)域的夢想家，帕克徹底改變了我們對太陽及其對地球和太陽系內(nèi)其他天體影響的理解。)”以及根據(jù)最后一段中“Parkerwashumble,straightforward,andwise.(帕克謙遜、直率、睿智。)”可知，帕克是杰出但謙遜的。故選D。8.C9.A10.D11.C【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。福特公司聯(lián)合GTBRoma和AedoProject研發(fā)了一款智能車窗，幫助盲人感受旅途中的風(fēng)景，帶給盲人全新的旅行體驗。8.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Theprototype(原型)ofthesmartcarwindowhasadevicewithanoutside-facingcamera.Withjustapressofabutton,thesystemtakesapictureofthecurrentview.Thecolorfulpictureisthenturnedintoanimagewithdifferentshadesofgreythrough,LEDlights,whichvibrates(震動)differently.Asthefingerpassesoverdifferentregionsoftheimage,itsshakingmovementsprovidefeedbackthroughthesenseoftouchtothepersonusingit.(智能車窗的原型有一個面向外部的攝像頭。只需按下一個按鈕，系統(tǒng)就會拍下當(dāng)前視圖的照片。然后通過不同震動的LED燈將彩色圖像轉(zhuǎn)換成不同灰度的圖像。當(dāng)手指經(jīng)過圖像的不同區(qū)域時，它的抖動動作通過觸覺向使用它的人提供反饋)”可知，智能車窗通過將風(fēng)景轉(zhuǎn)化為振動，它的抖動動作通過觸覺向使用它的人提供反饋。故選C項。9.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的“Hebelievesthetechnologycanbeemployednotjustincars.“Itcouldbeintroducedintoschoolsandinstitutionsforblindpeopleasatoolthatcouldbeusedinmultipleways.”(他認為，這項技術(shù)不僅可以應(yīng)用于汽車?！八梢宰鳛橐环N工具引入學(xué)校和盲人機構(gòu)，可以以多種方式使用?！?”可知，F(xiàn)edericoRusso認為，這項技術(shù)不僅可以應(yīng)用于汽車，還可以作為一種多用途的工具引入盲人學(xué)校和為盲人服務(wù)的機構(gòu)。由此可推知，F(xiàn)edericoRusso認為這項技術(shù)有廣泛的應(yīng)用價值。故選A。10.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“It’sknownthatthecompanyistestingtheirtechnologyandfuturebusinessmodelandstrugglingtofigureouthowanautonomousvehiclegivesdifferentpassengersthedetailsneededtogetfromonedestinationtoanother.It’sunclearwhenthistechnologywillbemadeavailable.(眾所周知，該公司正在測試他們的技術(shù)和未來的商業(yè)模式，并努力弄清楚自動駕駛汽車如何為不同的乘客提供從一個目的地到另一個目的地所需的細節(jié)。目前還不清楚這項技術(shù)何時能投入使用)”可知，福特目前面臨的困難是如何為不同的乘客提供從一個目的地到另一個目的地所需的細節(jié)，也就是自動駕駛汽車如何提供路線信息。故選D項。11.主旨大意題。閱讀全文尤其是第一段內(nèi)容可知，本文主要介紹了福特公司聯(lián)合GTBRoma和AedoProject研發(fā)了一款智能車窗，這種智能車窗使盲人有可能感受到旅途中的風(fēng)景，故D項“SmartWindowLetsBlindPassengersFeelViews(智能窗戶讓乘客感受美景)”作標題最為恰當(dāng)。故選D項。12.C13.A14.A15.C【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了健康領(lǐng)域的數(shù)字雙胞胎模型，包括其概念、發(fā)揮的作用、建模的難點和未來的發(fā)展趨勢。12.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Notaflesh-and-bloodtwin,butonethatrecreatesyourfleshandblood,yourbones,yourheart,yourbrain—yourwholebody,infact—asanextremelycomplicatedcomputermodel.（不是血肉之軀的雙胞胎，而是將你的血肉之軀、骨骼、心臟、大腦——實際上是你的整個身體——復(fù)制成一個極其復(fù)雜的計算機模型。）”可知，你的科學(xué)雙胞胎存在于電腦中。故選C項。13.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Changesinthesystemsbiologistswanttodescribeareusuallydifferentfromwhatmathematiciansdescribeas“non-linear”(非線性的).Anothercomplicationis“emergence”:wherethewholeofasystemisgreaterthanthesumofitsparts.Thiscomplexitychallengesmathematicsandpushescomputingtothelimittoo.（生物學(xué)家想要描述的系統(tǒng)變化通常不同于數(shù)學(xué)家所描述的“非線性”。另一個復(fù)雜的問題是“涌現(xiàn)”：一個系統(tǒng)的整體大于其各部分的總和。這種復(fù)雜性對數(shù)學(xué)提出了挑戰(zhàn)，也將計算推向了極限。）”可知，建立數(shù)字雙胞胎的困難在于人體遠比模型復(fù)雜，其中的系統(tǒng)變化和涌現(xiàn)問題非常難以解決。故選A項。14.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Butgettingtothenextlevel—awholehumanindividual—isgoingtorequireyetmoredataandarevolutionincomputingtechnologyfarbeyondwhatiscurrentlypossible.Whetherwewillgetthereisanopenquestion,butVirtualYoushowsuswhatscientistsfromdifferentfieldscanachievewhentheyallworktogether.（但要達到下一個階段——一個完整的人類個體——將需要更多的數(shù)據(jù)和一場遠遠超出目前可能的計算技術(shù)革命。我們是否能實現(xiàn)這一目標是一個懸而未決的問題，但《虛擬的你》向我們展示了來自不同領(lǐng)域的科學(xué)家在共同努力時所能取得的成就。）”可知，作者認為雖然能否創(chuàng)造一個完整的人類個體仍然未知，但是《虛擬的你》這本書已經(jīng)展示了科學(xué)家們在共同努力方面的成就。由此推知，作者對數(shù)字雙胞胎的想法是積極樂觀的。故選A項。15.推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，文章為讀者介紹了健康領(lǐng)域的數(shù)字雙胞胎模型，包括其概念、發(fā)揮的作用、建模的難點和未來的發(fā)展趨勢。因此，文章的目的在于解釋健康領(lǐng)域數(shù)字雙胞胎的構(gòu)建。故選C項。16.G17.B18.E19.F20.C【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了血型的基本信息，包括ABO血型系統(tǒng)的基本知識，以及一些可能與血型相關(guān)的個性理論。雖然這些個性理論在一些地方很流行，但是也可能導(dǎo)致歧視，因為某些血型對應(yīng)的個性特點被認為適應(yīng)不同的文化習(xí)俗。在韓國，這種血型個性理論有很大的影響力，但近年來這種理論受到了一些非議和批評。16.前文“Orperhapsyouhavelearnedsomethingaboutbloodtypesfromsocialmedia.(或許，也許你已經(jīng)從社交媒體上了解了一些有關(guān)血型的知識。)”中的關(guān)鍵詞“bloodtypes”與G項“Eitherway,you’llknowtherearefourmainbloodtypes:A,B,O,andAB.(無論哪種方式，你都會知道有四種主要的血型：A，B，O和AB。)”中“fourmainbloodtypes”為關(guān)鍵詞重復(fù)出現(xiàn)，且上下文一致，故選G項。17.下文“Ifyou’vehadabloodtransfusion(輸血),youareprobablyawarethatyourbloodtypedetermineswhichbloodyoucanreceive.Maybeyou’llthinkthatyoushouldplanyourmealsbasedonyourbloodtype.(如果你輸過血，你可能知道你的血型決定了你可以接受哪種血液。也許你會認為你應(yīng)該根據(jù)自己的血型來計劃你的膳食)”可知血型對人意義非凡，與B項“So,whatdoesbloodtypemeantoyoupersonally?(那么，血型對你個人意味著什么？)”上下文一致，承上啟下，故選B項。18.根據(jù)下文“ThislastconceptispopularinAsia,particularlyinSouthKorea.Someonewithtype-Abloodisthoughttobeconsideratebutshy.Peoplewithtype-Bbloodareknownforbeingcreativebutodd.Type-Oindividualsareconsideredtobesomeofthemostsociablepeople.Thosewithtype-ABaresensibleartists,butsometimescalculatingorunpredictable.(最后一個概念在亞洲很流行，尤其是在韓國。有A型血統(tǒng)的人被認為是體貼但害羞的。B型血的人以富有創(chuàng)造力但古怪而聞名。O型人被認為是一些最善于交際的人。AB型人是明智的藝術(shù)家，但有時是計算或不可預(yù)測的。)”可知關(guān)鍵詞concept要與本空有所呼應(yīng)，