四川省南充市2023-2024學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期1月期末學(xué)業(yè)質(zhì)量監(jiān)測(cè)英語(yǔ)試題【含答案解析】

南充市2023-2024學(xué)年度上期高中一年級(jí)學(xué)業(yè)質(zhì)量監(jiān)測(cè)英語(yǔ)試題本試卷分為試題卷和答題卡兩部分,其中試題卷共12頁(yè),答題卡共2頁(yè)。滿分150分,考試時(shí)間120分鐘。注意事項(xiàng)：1.答題前,考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。2.選出每小題答案后,用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng),用橡皮擦干凈后,再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。不能答在本試卷上,否則無(wú)效。3.考試結(jié)束后將答題卡收回。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)回答聽力部分時(shí),先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后,你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將你的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng),并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話后,你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whatcoloristheman’shair?A.Dark.B.Brown.C.Light.2.Howdoesthewomangettheinformationathome?A.FromtheInternet.B.FromTV.C.Fromthenewspaper.3.Whywon’tthewomaneatanymorefood?A.Sheisill.B.Shehashadenough.C.Sheisonadiet.4.Whatdidthespeakersseelastnight?A.Awhitebird.B.Anoisybird.C.Asmallbird.5.Whattimewillthewomanleave?A.At1:00p.m.B.At2:30p.m.C.At4:20p.m.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前,你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題,每小題5秒鐘;聽完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料,回答第6、7題。6.Whatdothespeakersworkfor?A.Museum.B.Factory.C.Neighborhood.7.Whatisthemangoingtodo?A.Paintthewall.B.Emptytherubbishcan.C.Planttrees.聽第7段材料,回答第8、9題。8.What’stherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Bossandsecretary.B.Husbandandwife.C.Customerandseller.9.Whatdoesthemanaskthewomantodo?A.Bookahotel.B.Booktheflight.C.Plantgrapes.聽第8段材料,回答第10至12題。10.WhydoesthewomansuggestgoingEgyptbyship?A.It’smoreinteresting.B.It’smorecomfortable.C.It’scheaper.11.Whatdoweknowabouttheman’swife?A.Sheisnotingoodhealth.B.Sheisbusywithherwork.C.Shealwaysworriestoomuch.12.Whatwillthemanandhiswifeprobablydointheend?A.Stayathome.B.GotoEgypt.C.Gototheseaside.聽第9段材料,回答第13至16題。13.Wheredoesthisconversationtakeplace?A.Inaclassroom.B.Onaradioshow.C.OnaTVprogram14.Whendidthewomanstarttheprogram?A.Lastyear.B.Thisyear.C.Threeyearsago.15.Whatisthepurposeoftheprogram?A.Togivepoorpeoplejobs.B.Toraisemoneyforschools.C.Tohelpoldpeopleandkids.16.Howmanyvolunteersjoinedtheprogramlastyear?A.200.B.12.000C.12.200.聽第10段材料,回答第17至20題。17.WhoisJessica?ATheHelplineofficer.B.Theuniversitytourguide.CTheStudentUnionPresident.18.Whatwillthespeakerhandout?A.Guidebrochures.B.MapsC.Businesscards.19.WhataretheworkinghoursoftheofficeonSaturdays?A.9:00a.m.—4:00p.m.B.9:30a.m.—6:00p.m.C.10:00a.m.—4:00p.m.20.Whatshouldthevisitorsdoduringbusytime?A.WaitinalineB.Signtheirnamesonthelist.C.Walkaroundforawhile.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中選出最佳選項(xiàng),并在答題卡上將該選項(xiàng)涂黑。ARentaCarfromBudgetAustraliaToseeAustralia,you’vegottogetoutthere-it’snotgoingtocometoyou.Fortunately,BudgetAustraliaisheretohelpyoudojustthis,withplentyoflocationsrightacrossAustralia.Whetheryou’reheadingtoSydneyorPerth,DarwinorMelbourne,you’llfindBudgetcarrentallocationsnearby,Withlow-costrentalonawiderangeofcars—fromtheHyundaiAccentandKonaorsimilar,throughtotheSuzukiSwiftandKiaCeratoorsimilar—you’resuretodiscoverwhatyouneed.We’realsosuperflexible,withweekendcarrental,weeklycarrentalandone-waycarrentaloptions,aswellasawealthofotherchoicesdependingonyourindividualneeds.Therequirementtorentacar:21yearsofageandabove.Alldriversmustholdacurrent,fullandlegaldriver’slicense,thecopyofwhichmustbesenttothefaxnumber:+61293535058.Formoreinformation,pleasecall1800150278.ContactBudgetBooking:LocalNumber:0293539399FromOverseas:+61293539399HoursofOperation:Monday—Friday7:30A.M.—7:00PMSaturday—Sunday8:00A.M.—5:00P.MIt’salwaysbesttobookasearlyaspossible.InordertogetthebestfromBudget’slow-costcarrentaloptionsandtobenefitfromthebiggestrangeofchoicesoncarrentaldeals,makesureofyourbookingearly.1.WhatisanadvantageofBudgetAustralia?A.Itsatisfiesvariousneeds. B.Itoffersexpensivebrandcars.C.Ithostsanimpressivecarshow. D.IthasrentallocationsoutsideAustralia.2.WhichnumbershouldyoucalltobookacarwhenyouareinAmerica?A.1800150278 B.+61293535058 C.0293539399 D.+612935393993.Whatisthetext?A.Adiary. B.Anadvertisement. C.Anapplication. D.Areport.【答案】1.A2.D3.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一則廣告。主要介紹了澳大利亞Budget公司能滿足各種租車需求，以及租車要求、聯(lián)系方式和時(shí)間等?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章第二段講到“you’resuretodiscoverwhatyouneed.(您一定會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)您需要的東西)”以及本段最后半句“aswellasawealthofotherchoicesdependingonyourindividualneeds.(以及大量其他選擇，具體取決于您的個(gè)人需求。)”可知，澳大利亞Budget公司的優(yōu)勢(shì)是滿足了各種需求。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章ContactBudgetBooking部分講到“FromOverseas:+61293539399(海外電話:+61293539399)”可知，當(dāng)你在美國(guó)時(shí)，你應(yīng)該撥打+61293539399訂車。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。文章最后一段講到“It’salwaysbesttobookasearlyaspossible.InordertogetthebestfromBudget’slow-costcarrentaloptionsandtobenefitfromthebiggestrangeofchoicesoncarrentaldeals,makesureofyourbookingearly.(最好是盡早預(yù)訂。為了從Budget的低成本租車選項(xiàng)中獲得最佳效果，并從租車交易的最大選擇中受益，請(qǐng)確保盡早預(yù)訂。)”可知，本文是一則廣告。故選B。BBarbaraLakin,aformerfashiondesignerlivinginNewYork,spendshundredsofhourssewing(縫紉)unique,well-designeddressforoldBarbiesshebuysordonateddolls.Thelittlegirlswhoaregoingtogetthesedollsaremigrants(移民).MostofthemhavetraveledwiththeirfamilyformonthstogettotheUSborder,usuallyescapingfrompooreconomiesanddangeroussituationsathomeinCentralorSouthAmerica.“It’shardtoimaginewhatthesechildrenhavegonethrough.Ithinkforachildtohaveatoy,especiallyintheseconditions,isreallyimportant.It’ssomethingthatcapcomfortthem,somethingthattheycanholdclose.”Whiletoyswillnevertakeawaythehurttheyexperiencedorthehardshipstheystillface,Lakinsaidthedollsdomakeadifference.It’smorethanjustaBarbiedoll;atleastforamoment,theseyoungmigrantscanbesimplychildrenagain.“Ithinkthatisparticularlyimportanttothem,”Lakinsaid.“Igetalotoutofit,too.IpersonallyliketohandthemoutbecauseIlovebeingabletosay,Imadethisforyou.‘a(chǎn)ndthesmilesandthehappinesstheygiveme;it’smomentslikethatthatmakeitallworthwhile.”Lakinhasgivenawaynearly20Barbiessofarandhopespeoplewilldonatemore,especiallyblackandbrownBarbiesthatlookmorelikethegirlswhowillgetthem.“Iwanttogivethemdollsthatlookmorelikethem.”Similartothemessageseeninthewildlypopular“Barbie”movie,Lakinwantstomakesurethesedollsdon’tcreatestereotypes(固化印象)onthesegirlsbutinsteadremindthemoftheirworthandthepoweroftheirindividuality.4.WhatisthefeatureoftheBarbiesgivenbyLakin?A.Theyareintendedfornativegirls. B.Theyarepartlydonationsfromothers.C.Theyaredesignedbymigrants. D.Theyarelessattractiveinappearance.5.WhatdoesLakinthinkofgivingawaytheBarbies?A.Itunitesthemigrantgirls. B.Itiswellworthpraising.C.Itiswin-winbehavior. D.Itbringshermuchcomfort.6.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesLakin?A.Patient. B.Determined. C.Grateful. D.Caring.7.Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A.Donateddollshelpbettermigrants’poorconditions.B.Barbiesplayagreatroleinimprovinggirls’self-worth.C.LakincomfortsmigrantgirlsbygivingspecialoldBarbies.D.Lakinsewswell-designedBarbiestoraisemoneyforblackgirls.【答案】4.B5.C6.D7.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。主要介紹了居住在紐約前時(shí)裝設(shè)計(jì)師芭芭拉·拉金花了數(shù)百個(gè)小時(shí)為她購(gòu)買或捐贈(zèng)的芭比娃娃縫制獨(dú)特、精心設(shè)計(jì)的連衣裙。她把這些芭比娃娃送給從中美洲或南美洲移民到美國(guó)的小女孩，給她們帶來很多安慰?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章第一段講到“BarbaraLakin,aformerfashiondesignerlivinginNewYork,spendshundredsofhourssewing(縫紉)unique,well-designeddressforoldBarbiesshebuysordonateddolls.(居住在紐約的前時(shí)裝設(shè)計(jì)師芭芭拉·拉金花了數(shù)百個(gè)小時(shí)為她購(gòu)買或捐贈(zèng)的芭比娃娃縫制獨(dú)特、精心設(shè)計(jì)的連衣裙。)”可知，拉金捐贈(zèng)的芭比娃娃部分來自其他人的捐贈(zèng)。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。文章第二段講到“Ithinkthatisparticularlyimportanttothem(我認(rèn)為這對(duì)他們特別重要)”以及第三段講到“Igetalotoutofit,too.(我也從中受益匪淺)”可知，拉金認(rèn)為贈(zèng)送芭比娃娃是雙贏的行為。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。文章第三段講到“IpersonallyliketohandthemoutbecauseIlovebeingabletosay,Imadethisforyou.(我個(gè)人喜歡捐贈(zèng)它們，因?yàn)槲蚁矚g說，這是我為你做的)”以及倒數(shù)第二段“Lakinhasgivenawaynearly20Barbiessofarandhopespeoplewilldonatemore,especiallyblackandbrownBarbiesthatlookmorelikethegirlswhowillgetthem.(到目前為止，拉金已經(jīng)送出了近20個(gè)芭比娃娃，并希望人們能捐贈(zèng)更多，尤其是黑色和棕色的芭比娃娃，它們看起來更像將得到它們的女孩。)”可知，拉金是樂于助人的、關(guān)心他人的。故選D?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。文章第一段講到“BarbaraLakin,aformerfashiondesignerlivinginNewYork,spendshundredsofhourssewing(縫紉)unique,well-designeddressforoldBarbiesshebuysordonateddolls.(居住在紐約的前時(shí)裝設(shè)計(jì)師芭芭拉·拉金花了數(shù)百個(gè)小時(shí)為她購(gòu)買或捐贈(zèng)的芭比娃娃縫制獨(dú)特、精心設(shè)計(jì)的連衣裙。)”以及第二段講到“Ithinkforachildtohaveatoy,especiallyintheseconditions,isreallyimportant.It’ssomethingthatcapcomfortthem,somethingthattheycanholdclose.(我認(rèn)為對(duì)于一個(gè)孩子來說，擁有一個(gè)玩具是非常重要的，尤其是在這種情況下。這是讓他們感到安慰的東西，是他們可以緊緊抓住的東西。)”以及全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要講了拉金通過贈(zèng)送特殊的舊芭比娃娃來安慰移民女孩的故事。故選C。CAnydogownercantellyouthatthere’snoloveliketheoneapupgivesyou.Dogslovehumans—anditturnsout,thatconnectioncanactuallyhelpustraindogrobots,too.InastudypublishedWednesdayinthejournalPLOSONE,researcherssurveyed153dogownersaboutthetypesofbehaviorstheyliketoseeintheirpups.Ownersrespondedwithavarietyofdifferenttypesofactionstheypreferred.Theresearchersidentifiedseventypesofbehaviorspeoplelovetoseeintheirdogs.Thesebehaviorscouldbeprogrammedintoroboticdogstohelpmakethemfriendlier,whichwouldbebeneficialinanumberofways.Therobot-pupscanhelpprovidethesamementalhealthbenefitsforpeopleasanactualdogwhileavoidingissueslikebeingbittenorhavingtotakethedogonannoyingwalkseverynowandagain.Infact,there’salreadysomeresearchthatsuggeststherobotpetsmighthelpenrichthelivesoftheelderlyanddementia(癡呆)patientsbygivingthemcompanionstosocializewith—improvingcognition(認(rèn)知)andevenphysicalhealthinsomecases.Butthere’sabigissueresearchersneedtoovercome:Itmightnotactuallybeethical(道德的)tomakerobot-pups.Afterall,isitrighttopotentiallymisleadanelderlypatientwithdementiaintothinkingthatthey’reinteractingwithadoginsteadofarobot?ThestudyevenquotesphilosopherRobertSparrowwhowroteabouttheissueofrobotcompanionstwodecadesago.“Foranindividualtobenefitsignificantlyfromownershipofarobotpet,theymustsystematicallycheatthemselvesabouttherealnatureoftheirrelationwiththeanimal,”Sparrowwrotein2002,“andthedesignandproductionoftheserobotsisunethicalinsomewayasitencouragesthistrick.”Butevenso,thepotentialforbenefitisstillthere—enrichingpeople’slife.Soonedayinthenearfuturewemightseerobot-pupsatthedogparkorwalkingonthesidewalkalongsidetheirowners.8.Whatdidtheresearchers’studyfocuson?A.Trainingandgettingonwithdogs. B.Dogs’behaviorspreferredbypeople.C.Differentbehaviorsamongdogs. D.People’sattitudestowardsdogs.9.WhyaredementiapatientsmentionedinParagraph3?A.Toshowthebenefitsofrobot-pupstopeople.B.Tostressthesignificanceofresearchingonrobot-pups.C.Toindicatethepopularityofrobot-pupsamongpatients.D.Toexplaintheimpactrobot-pupshaveonsolvingsocialissues.10.WhatisRobertSparrow’sbiggestconcernaboutarobotpet?A.Itsfunctionsarelimited. B.Itmaygoagainsthonesty.C.Itwillcosttoomuchmoney. D.Itmayhavequalityproblems.11.What’stheauthor’sattitudetothefutureofrobot-pets?A.Doubtful. B.Encouraged. C.Indifferent. D.Confident.【答案】8.B9.A10.B11.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了有研究在調(diào)查人們喜愛狗的行為，以幫助訓(xùn)練機(jī)器人寵物，同時(shí)有研究表明這些機(jī)器人寵物的確可以有益于人們的心理健康，此外文章也指出了設(shè)計(jì)和生產(chǎn)機(jī)器人寵物涉及到的倫理道德的問題?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“InastudypublishedWednesdayinthejournalPLOSONE,researcherssurveyed153dogownersaboutthetypesofbehaviorstheyliketoseeintheirpups.(在周三發(fā)表在《公共科學(xué)圖書館期刊》上的一項(xiàng)研究中，研究人員調(diào)查了153名狗主人，了解他們希望自己的狗狗表現(xiàn)出什么樣的行為)”可知，該項(xiàng)研究關(guān)注的是受到人們喜愛的狗的行為。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Therobot-pupscanhelpprovidethesamementalhealthbenefitsforpeopleasanactualdogwhileavoidingissueslikebeingbittenorhavingtotakethedogonannoyingwalkseverynowandagain.Infact,there’salreadysomeresearchthatsuggeststherobotpetsmighthelpenrichthelivesoftheelderlyanddementia(癡呆)patientsbygivingthemcompanionstosocializewith—improvingcognition(認(rèn)知)andevenphysicalhealthinsomecases.(這些機(jī)器狗狗可以為人們提供與真正的狗狗一樣的心理健康益處，同時(shí)避免被咬傷或不得不時(shí)不時(shí)地帶著狗狗散步等煩人的問題。事實(shí)上，已經(jīng)有一些研究表明，機(jī)器人寵物可以為老年人和癡呆癥患者提供社交伙伴，從而豐富他們的生活——在某些情況下，它們可以提高認(rèn)知能力，甚至身體健康)”可知，本段首先提到機(jī)器狗狗擁有的優(yōu)勢(shì)，有益于心理健康，以及避免一些問題，再舉出一項(xiàng)有關(guān)老年人和癡呆癥患者的研究，說明機(jī)器人寵物真的幫助到了他們。由此可知，提到癡呆癥患者是為了展示機(jī)器狗給人們帶來的好處。故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中““Foranindividualtobenefitsignificantlyfromownershipofarobotpet,theymustsystematicallycheatthemselvesabouttherealnatureoftheirrelationwiththeanimal,”Sparrowwrotein2002,“andthedesignandproductionoftheserobotsisunethicalinsomewayasitencouragesthistrick.”(Sparrow在2002年寫道：“如果一個(gè)人想從擁有機(jī)器人寵物中獲得巨大的好處，他們必須有系統(tǒng)地欺騙自己，讓自己不知道他們與動(dòng)物的真正關(guān)系。從某種程度上說，這些機(jī)器人的設(shè)計(jì)和生產(chǎn)是不道德的，因?yàn)樗膭?lì)了這種欺騙?！?”可知，Sparrow認(rèn)為人從機(jī)器人寵物身上獲得好處是建立在自我欺騙的基礎(chǔ)上的，設(shè)計(jì)和生產(chǎn)這些機(jī)器人實(shí)際上是鼓勵(lì)這種欺騙。由此可知，他對(duì)機(jī)器人寵物最大的擔(dān)憂是它可能違背了誠(chéng)實(shí)的原則。故選B項(xiàng)。【11題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Butevenso,thepotentialforbenefitisstillthere—enrichingpeople’slife.Soonedayinthenearfuturewemightseerobot-pupsatthedogparkorwalkingonthesidewalkalongsidetheirowners.(但即便如此，潛在的好處仍然存在——豐富人們的生活。所以在不久的將來的某一天，我們可能會(huì)在狗公園里看到機(jī)器狗狗，或者在人行道上和它們的主人一起走)”可知，作者認(rèn)為機(jī)器人寵物的潛在好處不可否認(rèn)，將來我們有可能真的擁有它們。因此，作者對(duì)它們的未來是充滿信心的。故選D項(xiàng)。DCuldesac,whichdescribesitselfas“thefirstcar-freeneighborhoodintheUs”,admitteditsfirst36residentsinTempe,Arizona,US,earlierthisyear.The$170millionneighborhood,withitswhitebuildingsandnarrowwalkways,isexpectedtoholdaround1,000peoplewhenthefull760unitsarecompletedby2025.SimilarprojectsinCharlotte,NorthCarolina,andHouston,Texas,arealsounderway.Inacountryascar-dependentastheUS,Culdesacisnolackofforesight(遠(yuǎn)見).Althoughsomedenselypopulated(人口密集的)coastalUscitieslikeBostonandNewYorkCityarewalkableandhaveamplepublictransportationoptionsliketaxis,busesandlightrails,themajorityofAmericansareentirelydependentoncarstogetaround.Thisdependenceoncarsdoesn’tcomecheap,unfortunately.Ina2023study,theAmericanAutomobileAssociationsaidthatitcostsanaverageofabout89,000yuanperyeartoownandmaintainacarintheUS.So,whatisstoppingAmericansfromabandoningcarsandacceptingrelativelycheaperchoiceslikee-bikes?Inaword,unsaferoadsthatprioritizecarsoverpeople.Accordingtoa2018reportbyWHO,theUStrafficaccidentdeathrateisabout50percentmorethansimilarnationsinWesternEurope.Atthesametime,walkersandcyclistsintheUSareoftenblamedforbeinghitbydriversratherthantheotherwayaround.Still,there’shope.Bychoosinganewcar-freewayofliving,USprojectslikeCuldesaccanprovideanotherwayoflivingthat’sbothhealthierandmoreaffordableand,inturn,influenceotherstoliveabetterwayaswell.AsVanessa,aresidentofCuldesac,said,“Forsome,carsequalfreedom,butforme,it’slimitation,Freedomisbeingabletojustsimplywalkoutandaccessplaces.“12.WhatcanwelearnaboutCuldesacfromthetext?A.Itisexpectedtoholdonly1,000people, B.Itistheworld’slargestcar-freeneighborhood,C.Itwillbefinishedbytheendofthisyear. D.Itisthoughttobeforward-thinking.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword”ample“inParagraph2probablymean?A.Enough. B.Possible. C.Similar. D.Special.14.WhyareAmericansunwillingtogiveupcars,accordingtothetext?A.Maintainingacarischeap. B.E-bikesarenotwidelyavailable.C.Roadconditionsareunsafe. D.Driversarerespectedbyothers.15.Whatinfluencecancar-freeprojectslikeCuldesachaveonAmericansociety?A.Limitingfreedomofmovement. B.Makinglocalresidentsfeelsafer.C.Encouragingpeopletoexploretheircommunities. D.Promotingacheaperandhealthierwayofliving.【答案】12.D13.A14.C15.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說明文。Culdesac自稱為“美國(guó)第一個(gè)無(wú)車社區(qū)”，今年早些時(shí)候，該社區(qū)在美國(guó)亞利桑那州坦佩市接納了首批36名居民。類似的項(xiàng)目在北卡羅來納州的夏洛特和德克薩斯州的休斯頓也在進(jìn)行中。【12題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Inacountryascar-dependentastheUS,Culdesacisnolackofforesight(遠(yuǎn)見).(在美國(guó)這樣一個(gè)依賴汽車的國(guó)家，Culdesac并不缺乏遠(yuǎn)見)”可知，Culdesac被認(rèn)為是前瞻性的。故選D?！?3題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞后文“publictransportationoptionsliketaxis,busesandlightrails”可知，后文列舉了出租車、公共汽車和輕軌這些公共交通，說明美國(guó)沿海城市有足夠的公共交通選擇，故劃線詞意思是“足夠的”。故選A。【14題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“So,whatisstoppingAmericansfromabandoningcarsandacceptingrelativelycheaperchoiceslikee-bikes?Inaword,unsaferoadsthatprioritizecarsoverpeople.(那么，是什么阻止了美國(guó)人放棄汽車，轉(zhuǎn)而接受電動(dòng)自行車等相對(duì)便宜的選擇呢？總而言之，不安全的道路優(yōu)先考慮汽車而不是人)”可知，美國(guó)人不愿意放棄汽車是因?yàn)榈缆窢顩r不安全。故選C?！?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Bychoosinganewcar-freewayofliving,USprojectslikeCuldesaccanprovideanotherwayoflivingthat’sbothhealthierandmoreaffordableand,inturn,influenceotherstoliveabetterwayaswell.(通過選擇一種新的無(wú)車生活方式，像Culdesac這樣的美國(guó)項(xiàng)目可以提供另一種更健康、更實(shí)惠的生活方式，進(jìn)而影響其他人也以更好的方式生活)”可知，像Culdesac這樣的無(wú)車項(xiàng)目會(huì)讓美國(guó)社會(huì)提倡更便宜、更健康的生活方式。故選D。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Welovealltypesofhugs,fromtheone-armedhugtofullbearhugs.OpenupyourheartandyourarmsonJanuary21forNationalHuggingDay!Asyoumightguess,thisdayisayearlyevent.______16______HerearesomefactsaboutthebigdayNationalHuggingDaywascreatedin1986byKevinZaborney.ZabomeychoseJanuary21becauseitwasthetimebetweenthewinterholidayseasonandthenewyear’sbirthday,whichhenoticedwasatimepeopletendedtofeelinlowspirits.HealsofeltthatAmericansweretooembarrassedtoshowloveinpublic._____17_____However,heneveractuallythoughtitwouldbecomepopular._______18_______Itmeans“tocomfort”intheOldNorselanguage,firstappearingabout450yearsago.However,thehistoryofhuggingitselfisabitmoreuncertain,Whatisknownisthatitisonlyveryrecently(withinthepast50years)thatwehaveseenafullacceptanceofhugginginpublic,separatingitfromotherdistinguisheddisplaysoflovesuchaskissing.Thewidespreadadoptionofhuggingovertherecentyearshasbeendebatedforsomereasons.______19______Nowadays,wedon’teventhinkaboutthefactthathugginginpublicwasconsideredimproper._____20_____Wealsodothattosaygoodbye,tocongratulatesomeone,tocomfortsomeone,ortoshowsupport.Weusuallyhugbeforesportsteamsbegintheirmatch,andhugtoshowageneralsignofaffectionbetweencloserelationships.A.It’snotpracticedenoughthesedays!B.WehugtogreetfriendsandfamilyC.“Hug”isbelievedtocomefrom”hugga“D.Ahugisoneofthemostnaturalgestures,E.Oneisthatsomeoncethoughtitwasn’tsoformalFHehopedNationalHuggingDaywouldchangethat.G.Itencouragesustoexpressloveinthesimplestway.【答案】16.G17.F18.C19.E20.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了擁抱的相關(guān)知識(shí)以及創(chuàng)立全國(guó)擁抱日的背景知識(shí)?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Welovealltypesofhugs,fromtheone-armedhugtofullbearhugs.OpenupyourheartandyourarmsonJanuary21forNationalHuggingDay!Asyoumightguess,thisdayisayearlyevent.(我們喜歡各種形式的擁抱，從單臂擁抱到完全的熊抱。在1月21日的全國(guó)擁抱日，敞開你的心扉和雙臂吧！你可能猜到了，這一天是一年一度的活動(dòng))”可知，上文提到了全國(guó)擁抱日，本句為本段最后一句，故承接上文說明節(jié)日目的。故G選項(xiàng)“它鼓勵(lì)我們用最簡(jiǎn)單的方式表達(dá)愛”符合語(yǔ)境，故選G。【17題詳解】根據(jù)上文“HerearesomefactsaboutthebigdayNationalHuggingDaywascreatedin1986byKevinZaborney.ZabomeychoseJanuary21becauseitwasthetimebetweenthewinterholidayseasonandthenewyear’sbirthday,whichhenoticedwasatimepeopletendedtofeelinlowspirits.HealsofeltthatAmericansweretooembarrassedtoshowloveinpublic.(1986年，KevinZaborney創(chuàng)立了“全國(guó)擁抱日”。Zaborney選擇1月21日是因?yàn)檫@一天是冬季假期和新年生日之間的時(shí)間，他注意到這一天人們往往情緒低落。他還覺得美國(guó)人太羞于在公共場(chǎng)合示愛)”可知，上文說明了KevinZaborney覺得美國(guó)人太羞于在公共場(chǎng)合示愛，故本句承接上文，說明他對(duì)此采取的措施是想通過全國(guó)擁抱日來改變這一點(diǎn)。故F選項(xiàng)“他希望全國(guó)擁抱日能改變這一點(diǎn)”符合語(yǔ)境，故選F。【18題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Itmeans“tocomfort”intheOldNorselanguage,firstappearingabout450yearsago.However,thehistoryofhuggingitselfisabitmoreuncertain,Whatisknownisthatitisonlyveryrecently(withinthepast50years)thatwehaveseenafullacceptanceofhugginginpublic,separatingitfromotherdistinguisheddisplaysoflovesuchaskissing.(它在古斯堪的納維亞語(yǔ)中的意思是“安慰”，大約450年前首次出現(xiàn)。然而，擁抱本身的歷史有點(diǎn)不確定。我們所知道的是，直到最近（在過去的50年里），我們才看到擁抱在公共場(chǎng)合被完全接受，把它與其他著名的愛的表現(xiàn)方式（如接吻）分開)”可知，本段主要在說明hug一詞的起源。故C選項(xiàng)“‘Hug’被認(rèn)為來自‘hugga’”符合語(yǔ)境，故選C。【19題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Thewidespreadadoptionofhuggingovertherecentyearshasbeendebatedforsomereasons.(近年來，由于一些原因，擁抱的廣泛采用一直存在爭(zhēng)議)”可知，上文提到了擁抱的廣泛采用一直存在爭(zhēng)議，本句為本段最后一句，故說明存在爭(zhēng)議的原因。故E選項(xiàng)“一個(gè)原因是有些人曾經(jīng)認(rèn)為它不那么正式”符合語(yǔ)境，故選E?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Nowadays,wedon’teventhinkaboutthefactthathugginginpublicwasconsideredimproper.(如今，我們甚至不會(huì)想到在公共場(chǎng)合擁抱被認(rèn)為是不合適的)”以及后文“Wealsodothattosaygoodbye,tocongratulatesomeone,tocomfortsomeone,ortoshowsupport.Weusuallyhugbeforesportsteamsbegintheirmatch,andhugtoshowageneralsignofaffectionbetweencloserelationships.(我們也這樣做，說再見，祝賀某人，安慰某人，或表示支持。我們通常在運(yùn)動(dòng)隊(duì)比賽開始前擁抱，在親密的關(guān)系中，擁抱通常是表達(dá)感情的一種方式)”可知，后文提到了在親密的關(guān)系中，擁抱通常是表達(dá)感情的一種方式，故本句說明擁抱在親密關(guān)系中的具體體現(xiàn)。故B選項(xiàng)“我們擁抱朋友和家人”符合語(yǔ)境，故選B。第三部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共15小題：每小題1分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng),并在答題上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Inseventhgrade,mymumsuggestedIjointhegolfleague.___21___thefactthatIhadbeentakinggolflessonssinceIcouldwalk,Ihadneverplayedarealmatchofgolf.Andshe___22___metojoinaleague?Iwassureshehadlosther___23___.Butasalways,mymum___24___intheend.Iplayedonthemiddle-schoolgolfteaminseventhgrade…andeighth.Whenthesummerbeforehighschoolcame,Iwas___25___toplayonthehigh-schoolteam.Atatimewhenmostteenagerstrytospendthesmallesttimepossiblewiththeir___26___,Iwasgrowingcloserthanevertomine.ThatsummerI___27___almosteverySundaymorningonthegolfcoursewithmydad,andtoomanyafternoonstherewithmymum.Thisincredible___28___withmyparentscontinuedduringmyhigh-schoolyears.MumandIthoughtitwasbecauseofthehourswespenttogetheronthe___29___course.Wetalkedaboutthingsinthemiddleofaroundofgolfthatwe____30____wouldathome,wheresheisMumandIamanannoyingteenager.Onthegolfcourse,wearejusttwopeoplewho____31____golf.Golfinghas____32____apartofmeoverthepastyears.Inthesummermyfriendsknowtheplacetofindmeisonthegolfcourse.Golfhas____33____meandmademeintothepersonIamtoday.AndIhavetoadmitthatallofitis____34____mymummakingmejointhatmiddle-schoolgolfleague.Infact,shewas____35____—asusual.21.A.Without B.Considering C.Besides D.Despite22.A.allowed B.chose C.wanted D.reminded23.A.belief B.mind C.patience D.confidence24.A.won B.agreed C.changed D.finished25.A.afraid B.unwilling C.careful D.eager26.A.parents B.teachers C.friends D.classmates27.A.wasted B.missed C.spent D.counted28.A.memory B.relationship C.conversation D.adventure29.A.basketball B.badminton C.golf D.football30.A.once B.never C.still D.always31.A.love B.watch C.trust D.remember32.A.left B.reflected C.removed D.become33.A.freed B.saved C.influenced D.protected34.A.accordingto B.thanksto C.insteadof D.exceptfor35.A.right B.brave C.lucky D.successful【答案】21.D22.C23.B24.A25.D26.A27.C28.B29.C30.B31.A32.D33.C34.B35.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者在媽媽的提議下，加入了初中的高爾夫球隊(duì)，喜歡上高爾夫球，也因此常和父母在球場(chǎng)上打球，保持著親密的關(guān)系，后來高爾夫球成為作者生活的一部分，影響著他，塑造了如今的他。【21題詳解】考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管我從會(huì)走路的時(shí)候就開始上高爾夫球課，但我從來沒有打過一場(chǎng)真正的高爾夫球比賽。A.Without沒有；B.Considering考慮到；C.Besides除……之外；D.Despite盡管。根據(jù)下文“thefactthatIhadbeentakinggolflessonssinceIcouldwalk,Ihadneverplayedarealmatchofgolf”可知，前后是讓步的關(guān)系，Despite“盡管”符合語(yǔ)境，表示盡管作者從小就開始上高爾夫球課，但是他從未打過真正的高爾夫球比賽。故選D?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她想讓我加入社團(tuán)？A.allowed允許；B.chose選擇；C.wanted想要；D.reminded提醒。根據(jù)上文“mymumsuggestedIjointhegolfleague”可知，作者的媽媽想讓作者參加社團(tuán)。故選C?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我肯定她失去了理智。A.belief信念；B.mind心智；C.patience耐心；D.confidence信心。根據(jù)上文“Ihadneverplayedarealmatchofgolf”可知，作者從未打過真正的高爾夫球比賽，因此他會(huì)覺得媽媽的提議很不合理，覺得她失去了理智，固定短語(yǔ)loseone’smind表示“失去理智，瘋了”。故選B?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但一如既往，我媽媽最后贏了。A.won獲勝；B.agreed同意；C.changed改變；D.finished完成。根據(jù)下文“Iplayedonthemiddle-schoolgolfteaminseventhgrade…andeighth.”可知，作者后來的確加入了中學(xué)的高爾夫球隊(duì)，因此在作者是否參加高爾夫球隊(duì)這件事上，媽媽贏了。故選A?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：高中前的那個(gè)夏天，我渴望加入高中的球隊(duì)。A.afraid害怕的；B.unwilling不愿意的；C.careful小心的；D.eager渴望的。根據(jù)下文“ThatsummerI___7___almosteverySundaymorningonthegolfcoursewithmydad,andtoomanyafternoonstherewithmymum.”可知，作者那個(gè)夏天經(jīng)常在高爾夫球場(chǎng)度過，是在練習(xí)自己的球技，想要有所提升，由此推知，他渴望加入高中的球隊(duì)，固定短語(yǔ)beeagertodosth.表示“渴望做某事”。故選D?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在大多數(shù)青少年都盡量少花時(shí)間和父母在一起的時(shí)候，我卻比以往任何時(shí)候都更接近我的父母。A.parents父母；B.teachers教師；C.friends朋友；D.classmates同學(xué)。根據(jù)下文“ThatsummerI___7___almosteverySundaymorningonthegolfcoursewithmydad,andtoomanyafternoonstherewithmymum.”可知，作者常和父母待在一起，因此此處指大多數(shù)青少年都盡量少花時(shí)間和父母在一起，從而形成對(duì)比。故選A?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：那個(gè)夏天，我?guī)缀趺總€(gè)星期天上午都和爸爸待在高爾夫球場(chǎng)，很多個(gè)下午又和媽媽待在那里。A.wasted浪費(fèi)；B.missed錯(cuò)過；C.spent花費(fèi)；D.counted計(jì)算。根據(jù)上文“Iwasgrowingcloserthanevertomine”可知，作者和父母和親近，因此是花時(shí)間和爸爸待在高爾夫球場(chǎng)。故選C?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我和父母的這種不可思議的關(guān)系在高中時(shí)期也保持著。A.memory記憶；B.relationship關(guān)系；C.conversation對(duì)話；D.adventure冒險(xiǎn)。根據(jù)上文“Iwasgrowingcloserthanevertomine”可推知，此處指作者和父母之間的親密關(guān)系。故選B?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：媽媽和我認(rèn)為這是因?yàn)槲覀円黄鹪诟郀柗蚯驁?chǎng)上度過的時(shí)光。A.basketball籃球；B.badminton羽毛球；C.golf高爾夫球；D.football足球。根據(jù)上文“ThatsummerI___7___almosteverySundaymorningonthegolfcoursewithmydad,andtoomanyafternoonstherewithmymum.”可知，作者和父母在高爾夫球場(chǎng)上度過了一段時(shí)光。故選C?！?0題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我們?cè)诖蚋郀柗蚯虻臅r(shí)候聊了一些我們?cè)诩依飶膩聿粫?huì)聊的事情，在家里她是媽媽，我是一個(gè)煩人的少年。A.once曾經(jīng)；B.never從不；C.still仍然；D.always總是。根據(jù)下文“athome,wheresheisMumandIamanannoyingteenager”可知，在家里作者和媽媽之間是有距離的，作者會(huì)讓人厭煩，因此是聊了在家里從來不會(huì)聊的事情。故選B?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在高爾夫球場(chǎng)上，我們只是兩個(gè)喜愛高爾夫球的人。A.love喜愛；B.watch觀看；C.trust信任；D.remember記住。根據(jù)上文“ThatsummerI___7___almosteverySundaymorningonthegolfcoursewithmydad,andtoomanyafternoonstherewithmymum.”可知，作者和媽媽會(huì)一起在高爾夫球場(chǎng)待很久，因此兩人都很喜愛高爾夫球。故選A。【32題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在過去幾年里，打高爾夫球已經(jīng)成為我生活的一部分。A.left離開；B.reflected反射；C.removed移開；D.become成為。根據(jù)下文“Inthesummermyfriendsknowtheplacetofindmeisonthegolfcourse.”可知，夏天的時(shí)候，作者總是在高爾夫球場(chǎng)上，因此打高爾夫球成為了他生活的一部分。故選D?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：高爾夫