2024屆高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)講義Unit3FoodandCulture新人教版選擇性必修第二冊(cè)含答案

Unit3FoodandCultureScientistshavefoundthatpoorhealthhasacloseassociationwithsugarratherthanfattyfood.Thisistrueregardlessofhowhealthytherestofyourdietmightbe.High-caloriefood，whichisusuallyjunkfoodwithalargeamountofsugar，likedesserts，shouldbecutoutofyourdietifyouwanttokeephealthy.Beyondthis，you’resupposedtoconsumedifferentcategoriesoffoods，likefruitandvegetables，meat，beans，rice，anddairyproducts，sincetheyconsistofaquantityoffundamentalnutrients.Afterall，theidealdietisabalancedone.Finally，tohaveahealthyeatinghabit，you’dbetterchewslowlyandeatamodestamountoffoodeachtime.Overall，thereisnotricktohealthyeating.Youneedtobecarefulwithyourrecipeandyourhealthwillsomewhatgetimproved.1associationn.協(xié)會(huì)；關(guān)聯(lián)1.[北師必修③－9]Acloserlookatthereadingtests，showstheinterestingfactthatgirlsareoutperformingboysinreadingandthatthisisassociated（associate）withgirls’greaterenjoymentofreading.點(diǎn)撥（1）本句中兩個(gè)that均引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句，解釋說(shuō)明theinterestingfact的具體內(nèi)容?？涨暗膖his指的是第一個(gè)that引導(dǎo)的從句所說(shuō)的內(nèi)容。（2）注意本句中的outperforming。outperform為復(fù)合動(dòng)詞，表示"勝過(guò)，超過(guò)"。2021年全國(guó)乙閱讀D篇對(duì)該詞進(jìn)行了考查：...however，theparticipantsinthe70decibelsgroup—thoseexposedtoalevelofnoisesimilartobackgroundchatterinacoffeeshop—significantlyoutperformedtheothergroups.2.Weareworkinginassociation（associate）withanumberoflocalcompaniestoraisemoneyforthehomeless.3.Generallyspeaking，peopletendtoassociatefamousbrandswithgoodquality.4.下周六我們班將聯(lián)合其他班級(jí)組織一次中國(guó)文化展。 （活動(dòng)介紹）→①We’regoingtoorganizeanexhibitiononChineseculturenextSaturdayinassociationwithotherclasses.（association）→②We’regoingtoorganizeanexhibitionassociatedwithChineseculturenextSaturdaytogetherwithotherclasses.（associate）★inassociationwith與……合作；與……有關(guān)聯(lián)★associatevt.聯(lián)想；聯(lián)系associate...with...把……和……聯(lián)系在一起beassociatedwith和……有關(guān)2quantityn.數(shù)量；數(shù)額1.[譯林選必②－4]Whenpassengerdronesareflyingaboveourcitiesinlargequantities，theskywillgetmoreandmorecrowded.2.Untilnow，largequantitiesofmoneyhavebeenspent（spend）onbringingupthethreechildren.3.每天都有大量的食物被浪費(fèi)掉，這已引起了全社會(huì)的關(guān)注。Largequantitiesoffoodarebeingwasted/Alargequantityoffoodisbeingwastedeveryday，whichhascausedthewholesociety’sconcern.★inquantity/inlargequantities大量地★alargequantityof...大量的……（作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)同of后的名詞保持?jǐn)?shù)的一致）largequantitiesof...大量的……（作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)）3trickn.訣竅；計(jì)謀；把戲vt.欺騙；欺詐1.結(jié)合語(yǔ)境寫(xiě)出下列句子中畫(huà)線部分的詞性及含義①[外研選必①－1]WhilethedoctorconcentratesonexaminingLara’sankle，Igetherattentionbydoingamagictrick. n.把戲②[譯林必修①－3]WhenIfoundoutthatIwastrickedbyhim，Iwasreallyhurtandletgoofourfriendship. vt.欺騙③[外研必修②－1]Sometimestherearesomanyknivesandforksthatyoudarenotpickthemupincaseyougetitwrong.Thetrickistostartwiththeonesontheoutside. n.訣竅2.[外研選必①－1]Evennewspapers，radioandTVstationsplaytricksontheirreadersandaudiences.3.Thatmantrickedmeintolending（lend）him200dollars，andIhavelosttouchwithhimeversince.★playatrick/tricksonsb.捉弄某人★tricksb.outofsth.（＝cheatsb.outofsth.）騙取某人某物tricksb.intodoingsth.騙某人做某事4consistof由……組成（或構(gòu)成）1.[人教選必②－3]Forexample，America’smostpopularChinesedishisGeneralTso’schicken，whichconsists（consist）offriedchickencoveredinasweetsauce，flavouredwithhotredpeppers.點(diǎn)撥本題中，所填詞在which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中作謂語(yǔ)，其數(shù)應(yīng)與先行詞GeneralTso’schicken（一道菜名）保持一致，故填單數(shù)consists。2.Thebeautyofairtravelconsistsinitsspeedandease.3.養(yǎng)育孩子不僅有歡樂(lè)，還有焦慮和沮喪。Raisingachildconsistsofnotonlyhappiness，butalsoanxietyanddepression.點(diǎn)撥（1）本題除了可以填consistsof外，還可以填ismadeupof，iscomposedof，iscomprisedof。（2）使用表示"由……組成（或構(gòu)成）"的幾個(gè)短語(yǔ)時(shí)應(yīng)注意：consistof沒(méi)有進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，這是它與其他幾個(gè)短語(yǔ)的主要區(qū)別。consistingof作狀語(yǔ)或后置定語(yǔ)時(shí)，可替換為madeupof/composedof/comprisedof?！锉硎?由……組成（或構(gòu)成）"的短語(yǔ)還有：bemadeupof，becomposedof，becomprisedof?！颿onsistin在于，存在于（＝liein）5regardlessof不管；不顧1.Theplanforanewofficebuildingwentaheadregardlessoflocalopposition.2.生活中不僅有陽(yáng)光，還有風(fēng)雨。但無(wú)論發(fā)生什么，我們都要保持積極的態(tài)度。（讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)之主旨升華）Lifeconsistsofnotonlysunshinebutalsostorms.Butweshouldbeoptimisticregardlessofwhathappens.（consist；regardless）3.盡管雨下得很大，我們?nèi)匀粵Q定按計(jì)劃舉行食品文化節(jié)。 （通知）→①Regardlessoftheheavyrain/Regardlessofthefactthatitrainsheavily，westilldecidetoholdtheFoodCultureFestivalasscheduled.（regardlessof）→②Despitetheheavyrain/Despitethefactthatitrainsheavily，westilldecidetoholdtheFoodCultureFestivalasscheduled.（despite）點(diǎn)撥despite和inspiteof后不可以直接跟從句。若接從句，常在其后加thefactthat，即despite/inspiteofthefactthat?！飏egardlessof后既可跟名詞、動(dòng)名詞，也可跟whether，what，how引導(dǎo)的從句?！飏egardlessof＝despite＝inspiteof6形容詞（短語(yǔ)）作狀語(yǔ)1.Surprised（surprise），Tonystoodupandacceptedtheprize.點(diǎn)撥通過(guò)本題比較形容詞作狀語(yǔ)與副詞作狀語(yǔ)的區(qū)別：☆Surprised，Tonystoodupandacceptedtheprize.（Surprised描述Tony的狀態(tài)，即Tony自己感到驚訝）☆Surprisingly，Tonystoodupandacceptedtheprize.（Surprisingly修飾整個(gè)句子，即"Tony站起來(lái)去領(lǐng)獎(jiǎng)"這件事讓人很意外）2.我聚精會(huì)神地讀書(shū)，都沒(méi)注意到已經(jīng)半夜了。Absorbedinreading，Ididn’tnoticethatitwasalreadymidnight.（absorbed）3.既興奮又感動(dòng)，他們淚流滿面。 （讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)之情緒描寫(xiě)）Excitedandmoved，theywereintears.4.BecauseIwasunabletoaffordthetime，Ihadtogiveuptheplan.→Unabletoaffordthetime，Ihadtogiveuptheplan.（句式升級(jí)）形容詞（短語(yǔ)）作狀語(yǔ)：★說(shuō)明謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生時(shí)，主語(yǔ)所處的狀態(tài)；表示行為方式、伴隨狀況、原因、時(shí)間或條件等?！镉行┯蓜?dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞轉(zhuǎn)化而來(lái)的形容詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，表示狀態(tài)而非被動(dòng)，這樣的詞有l(wèi)ost，occupied，absorbed，involved等。7倍數(shù)表達(dá)法1.[北師選必①－3]Theyfoundthathumanactivityiscausingspeciestodieout1，000timesfaster（fast）thannormal.2.Thenumberofthestudentsinourschoolisfourtimeswhatitwastenyearsago.3.我的家鄉(xiāng)過(guò)去十年變化特別大，人們的收入是之前的好幾倍?！貵reatchangeshavetakenplaceinmyhometowninthepasttenyears.People’sincomeisseveraltimeshigherthanbefore.（倍數(shù)＋adj.比較級(jí)＋than）→②Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinmyhometowninthepasttenyears.People’sincomeisseveraltimesashighasbefore.（倍數(shù)＋as＋adj.原級(jí)＋as）→③Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinmyhometowninthepasttenyears.People’sincomeisseveraltimeswhatit