2023年12月六級真題第1套

大學(xué)英語六級考試2023年12月真題(第一套)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestoacademiesubject.”Youcanmakecomments,citeexamplesoruseyourpersonalexperiencestodeDirections:Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,youwillhearfourquestions.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheetIwithasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions1to4arebasedonB)ThereisnothingwrongwithhisdigestivesysteC)ThereissomeindicationofanissueD)Hedoesn'tknowhehaslongbeensufferingfrompoorheal2.A)Mistakingsymptomsofillnessforstress.C)BeingunawareofthestresstheyaB)ComplainingtheyarebeingoverworkeD)SufferingfromillnesswithoutrecognisB)Givehimanotherphysicalcheck-up.4.A)Itcallsforresponsiblemanagement.C)Itisremarkablypromising.B)Itprovestobequiteprofitable.D)Itisfullofcompetition.Questions5to8arebasedontB)ToseekmedicalhelpfB)Hesufferedfrompo8.A)Studyissuesofpublichealth.B)AlleviatetheobesityC)TopursuealesscD)TostayawayfromhishostileD)Hewasbackinthenews.D)TrainyoungbasketballpDirections:Inthissection,youwillheartwopassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearthreeorfourquestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.AfieryouhearaqueschoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheetIwithasinglelinethroughthecentre.B)WhileshewasdoingherdoctoralstudiesonAmeriC)AfterpublishingherfirstnovelBehin10.A)Thethemesofloveandloss.B)Thecodeofhumanbehaviour.D)Themannersoffashionablecircles.B)TheysuccessfullyimitatethemannersofcelebritiC)Theyoftengetrewardedinsteadofbeingpunished.C)ItisconducivetogeD)Itisnecessaryforlearnin13.A)Makebetterchoices.B)Followinnovativeideas.DC)Peopleusuallyworkflexiblehours.B)WorkersusebrainsmorethanmD)PeopleoftenworkinteaC)DecideonnewprioB)AnticipatesetbacksweDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreerecordingsoflecturesortalksfollowedbythreeorfourquestions.Therecordingswillbeplayedonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheetIwithasinglelineB)ItiswhatsharpensourappD)ItissomethingevC)ItusesexistingideasD)ItrepeatsprecedentonaregulaQuestions19to21areba19.A)DogsknowwhentheB)DogshavethecognitionfortellingrightfroC)DogshaveanaptitudefordevelopingD)DogsknowwhentheirhumancompanionscannolongerstaB)TheycaneasilytellwhatbacteriacD)TheyhaveanextremelypowerfulsensB)Itcanbenefitownersbothphysicallyandmentally.D)Itcanalertownerstotheseriousnessoftheirconditions.B)Restricttheabilityofcreativeartscoursestorecruitnewstudents.C)LookathowtoreformtechnicalandvocationaleducatD)Ensurecreativeartsstudentsg23.A)Seeminglyre24.A)Ahighproportionofthemhaven'ttriedtosavemoney.B)Mostofthemneverhopetobuyahouseortoretire.C)Fortypercentofthemearnlessthanf25,000ayD)Themajorityofthemhavefairlywell-payingjobs.25.A)Thecontextofabankbalance.Directions:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter:PleasemarkthecorrespondingletteachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.YoumaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebaThedesertisdeceiving.AtfirstgtakesplaceonMars.Thed Attheheartofthisvast,25,000-square-miledesertisMojaveNationaworkingtherewearthewide-brimmed(寬邊的)hatsthathavebecome.31withplaceslikeYosemite.Thepreserveisrichwithhistory,culture,biodiversityanyonewholovestheoutdoors.Foraphotothenetworkofunpaved“roads”,buttherewardsareplenty.Photographinghererequiresagood,34pairofshoesandalotofpreparation.Plentyofwater,sparetires,andafulltankofgasareneededtoexplorethisunitofthenationalparksystem,whichiLikealldeserts,though,ifyouarepatient,youwillgeologicalforces,muchofwhichremainstoday,giviDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.EachparagraphismarkedwithalettequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.A)OnthehillsofcentralKenya,almostlime-greenwiththesparkleofteabushesinthesunlight,farmersnowallaboutclimatechange.“Therainyseasonisnoldtorainitdoesn't,theniplanet.ForAfricansitsconsequenceswillbeparticularlybitter:whereasotherregionswereabletogrowrichbyburningcoalandoil,Africawillpaymuchofthehumanpricewithouthavingenjoyedthebenefits.“Africaonlyrepresents2%ofglobalgreenhouse-gasemissionsbutitisthecontinesufferthemostfromclimateimpacts,”saysMafaldaDuarte,whorunstheWorldBank's$8bnClimateInvestmentFunds.B)Althoughtherearehugeuncertaintiesastothepreciseimpactsofclimatechange,enoughisglobalwarmingrepresentsoneofthemainthreatstoAfrica'sprosperity.Partswarmingmuchmorequicklythantheaverage:temperaturesinsouthernAfricahaveintheglobalrateoverthepast50years.Eveniftheworldweretocutemissionsenoughtokebelow1.5°℃,heat-waveswouldintFarmingwouldalsobehithard.About40%ofthelandnowusedtogrowmaize(玉米)wouldnolongerbesuitableforit.Overall,itisestimatedthatmaizeyieldC)Africaisparticularlyvulnerable,inpartbecauseitisalreadystrugglingtofeeditselfanincreaseyieldsandproductivityifitistoputfoodontheplatesofafaclimatechange.TheUN'sFoodandwouldhavetorisebyabout70%overitslevelof2009tomeetdemandfromanumbersandappetite.Muchofthisnewd$50bn-worthoffoodacapitalgoodssuggestsithasroom·2023年12月六級真題(第一套)·4D)Findingoutwhyisnothard.Mostfarmsaretiny,ploughedbyhandandrAfrica'speoplemaketheirdecades,thisismainlyfarm.Andalthoughoutputperworkerhasimprovedbymorisstillfarbehindthe2.5timesimprovementinAsiahectare,afifththeleveliE)ThelowproductivityofAfricanfarmersisreflectedinnationaleconomicstatistics-dessomuchlabour,farminggeneratesjust15%ofGDP.“Theycan'tevenfeedtheirBlanke,avice-presidentoftheAfricanDevelopmentBankinchargeofagriculture.“Farmproductivityhasn'timprovedinmanypartsofAfricafor100years.”F)Onereasonisthatinthefirstfewdintheglobalpriceofcocoa.YetoverthepasttwodecadesorsogovernmenagainatfarmingasawayofprovidingMuchofthefocushasbeenoresultscanbeimpressive.Improvedvarietiesofsorghum(高梁),forlargerthantheusualvariety.Infrastructureisfarmersincreasetheirpotatoharvestfromabout8tonnespG)Bettertechniqueshelp,too.SmallManyoftheirneighboursdonoH)OnewayofspreadingknowledgeistolinkfarmstobigbuyersoftheirhAcrosstheregionithasdoublwhorunsitsAfricabusinI)Anevenmoreimportantchangeisthemovefromtraditionalfarmingprofitablybringtechnologyandinvestmeengineeringwhenhewantedtoearnalittlemone(about$200)toplanttomatoes.Everythingwentwrondesignedhisownforhalftheprice.SoonneighbouringfarmersstartedplacingorderswithhiJ)Illuminum'ssuccessshowsuchalargeshareofAfrica'spopulation5·2023年12月六級真題(第一套)·productivitycanlifttheincomesofmillionsofpeoplonlysofar,especiallyinthefaceofclimatechangeandpopulationprK)“Ifwereallywanttoliftpeopleoutofpovertywehavetofinanceprojectsthatwillgetthemanincomeofatjumpswillneedbetterjobsinfactoriesandcities.36.ItissaidthatagriculturalproductivityinmanyAf37.BuildingconnectionsbetweenfarmsandmajorpurchasersoftheirproducecanpromoteAfricanfarmers'useofadvancedfarmingtechniques.38.PartsofAfricaaregettingwarmermuchfasttwicetheglobalwarmingrateoverth39.ImprovedfarmingpracticeshaveenabledKenyanfarmerstoincreasefarmpro40.Africaisespeciallysusceptibletotheeincreasingpopulationevenwithoutclim41.TheuseoffertiliserandimprovedseedscanhelpAfrica'ssmallfarmers43.Everyoneintheworldwillhavetobeartheconsequencesofclimatechange,especiallyAfricans.44.ImprovementinfarmoutputperworkerinAfricafallsfarshortoftowingtothewarmingclimateandagrowingpopDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingleOneofthegreatsuccessesoftheRepublicanPartyinrecentdecadesistherelentlesspropagationofasimpleTheformuladoesn'twork,butthathasnotaffecteditspopularity.AndwhilethecultoftaxcutsDemocraticpoliticianshavetendedtocampaDemocratsdotalkaboutencouragingeconomicgrowth,theyoThisisnotjustapoliticanationneedsabetterstoryaboutthedriversofeconomicgrowth.Thepainfullessonsofrecentdecadespoinpromisingcandidate:higherwages.RaisingthewagesofAmericanworkersoughttobethepriorityofeconomicpolicymakers.We'dalbetteroffpayinglessattentiontoquarterlyupdatesonthegrowthofthenation'sgrossdomesticproduct(GDP)andfocusinginsteadonthegrowthofSetaside,forthemoment,thefamiliarargumentforhigherwages:fairmePerhapsthemostfamousillustrationofthebenefitThesamelogicstillholds:ConsumptiondrivestheAmericaneconocompensationlevelsreflecttheunerringjudgmentofmarketforces.Theconventionalwisdomheldthatproductivitylens,effortstonegotiatehigherwageswerecounterproductive.Minimum-wagelawswouldraiseunemploymentbecausetherewasonlysomuchmoneyinthewagepool,andifsomepeoplegotmore,otherswouldgeItwasinthecontextofthisworldviewthatitbecamepopulartoarguethattaxcutswoulddriveprosperRichpeoplewouldinvest,productivitywouldincrease,wageswouldrise.Intherealworld,thingsaremorecomplicated.Wageandworkers,andemployershavebeenwinning.OneclearpieceofevidenceisproductivitygrowthandwagegrowthsiAfocusonwagegrowthwouldprovideanantidote(矯正方法)totheattractivesimplicityofthebeliefinthemagicalpoweroftaxcuts.46.WhydoestheformulaoftaxcutsremainpopularthoughineffectiA)Itscritics'voicehasnotbeeB)ThereseemtobenootheroptionsavailC)Thecultoftaxcutshasbeenrelentlesslypropagatedbyallpolicymakers.D)Thereappearstobeamisunderstandingoftheformulaamongthepublic.47.WhatdoestheauthorthinkisamoreeffectiveA)Aidingpeopleleftbehindbyeconomicgrowth.C)IncreasingtB)Prioritizingthegrowthofthenation'sGDP.D)Introducing48.Whatisthelogicunderlyingtheauthor'sviewpoint?A)Thegrowthofworkers'paychecksultimatelybooststheB)PayingapremiumtomaintainareliableworkforceattractsmorecustomerD)Familiarargumentsforhigherwages49.Whatisthebasisforhigherwagesaccordingtotheconventionalwisdom?A)Fairnessindistribution.C)ThepriorityofeconB)Increaseinproductivity.D)Theunerringjudgmentofmarketforces.50.WhatdowelearnaboutthingsinthA)PeoplehavefailedtoseeacorrespondingincreaseB)PeoplehavebeendisheartenedbythewideninggapbetweenC)PeoplehavewitnessedatugofwarbetweenRepublicansandDemocratsovertaxcuts.D)PeoplehaveseenthelinkdisappearinQuestions51to55areinfluencingthedirectionthatafieldtakes.You'dhope,then,thatjournalswoulddoeveryestablishadiverseeditorialboard,reflectingavarUnfortunatelyanewstudyinNatureNthemajorityofeditorsintoppsychologyandneurosciencejournalsituationthatmaybeamplifyingexistinggenderinequalitiesinthefieldandinfluenMenwerefoundtoaccountfor60%oftheeditorsofpsychologyjournals.Thereweresignificanmalethanfemaleeditorsateachlevelofseniority,andmenmadeupthemajorityofeditorofthejourmals.Crucially,theproportionoffemaleeditorswassignificantlylowerthantheoverallproportionofwomenpsychologyresearcThedifferenceswereevenstarkerintheneurosciencejournalsthemajorityofeditorialpositionsin88%ofjournals.Inthiscase,theproportionoffemaleeditorswasnotsignificantlylowerthantheproportionoffemaleresearchersworkinginenduringgenderdisparitiesinthefieldmBasedontheirresults,theteamconcludesthat"theideas,valuesandareoverrepresentedintheeditorialpositionsofthemostrecognizeneuroscicncc.”Genderinequalityinsciencebecausehistoricallysciencewasmale-dominated:it'sarguedthatastimeroles,thefieldwillbecomemoreequal.Yetthisstudyshowedthateventtendedtobehelddisproportionatelybymen,despitethefactthatthereareactuallymorefemalethanmalejuniorpsychologyfacultyThisimpliesthatalackofinstance,whichcanresultinfewerpublicationsandgrants—thekdecidingwhotoappoint.Ratherthansimplyblamingtheinequalityofeditorialboardsontradition,wactivelybreakingdowntheseexistingbarAlackofdiversityamongjournaleditorsalsolikelycontributestopsychology'sWEIRDproblem.IfjournalrelevanttoWestern,malepopulations,w51.WhatwouldweexpectaneditorialboardofanacademicjournaltoexhibitinviewofitsimpoA)Insight.B)Expertise.D52.WhatdowelearnfromthefindingsofanewstudyinNatureNeurA)Themajorityoftoppsychologyandneurosciencejournalsreflectavarietyofvoices,experiencesandB)Theeditorialboardsofm