第三節(jié)-翻譯的過(guò)程

UnitThree翻譯的過(guò)程

（ProcessofTranslation）

:comprehension,expression,revision(P.12-15)Nida:1)analysisofthesourcetext(原語(yǔ)文本的分析)2）transferfromsourcelanguagetotargetlanguage(原語(yǔ)到目的語(yǔ)的轉(zhuǎn)換)3）restructuringinthetargetlanguage(目的語(yǔ)的重構(gòu))4）testingofthetranslatedtextwithpersonswhorepresenttheintendedaudience(譯文讀者代表對(duì)譯文的檢驗(yàn))Comprehension1、一詞多義現(xiàn)象(polysemy)SophisticatedmanSophisticatedcolumnistSophisticatedweaponSophisticatedelectronicdevice老于世故的人老練的專欄作家尖端武器高度精密的電子裝置clearwaterclearairclearskyclearheadclearviewclearconscienceclearunderstandingclearmeaningclearskin清澈的水清新的空氣晴朗的天空/碧空如洗清醒的頭腦一覽無(wú)余的風(fēng)景/明確的觀點(diǎn)問(wèn)心無(wú)愧透徹的理解清晰的思路潔凈的肌膚touchsbontheshouldertouchone'slipstothechild'sforeheadtouchglassestouchthehighpointinone'scareertouchsbtotheheart輕輕碰某人的肩膀輕輕吻小孩的前額碰杯達(dá)到職業(yè)的頂峰觸動(dòng)某人的心弦MoreExamples:P.30-32In-ClassPractice11.softpillow2.softmusic3.softcushion4.softwords5.softdrink6.softbreeze7.softlight8.softvoice9.softfire

軟枕輕柔的音樂(lè)靠墊和藹的話不含酒精的飲料和風(fēng)柔光低聲文火In-ClassPractice2AdrybookAdrypartyAdrycowdryfruitdryhumordrygoodsdryfacts枯燥的書無(wú)酒的聚會(huì)不產(chǎn)乳的母牛干果干幽默，尖刻的幽默（美）紡織品，（英）谷物未加渲染的事實(shí)

注意：Nocontext,notranslation.Youngmenarenotsuitable,becausetheyaretoodaring.......因?yàn)樗麄兲ё睺heymadeadaringrescueattemptduringthataccident.在那次事故中，他們進(jìn)行了英勇的救援嘗試。

Theoldcouplemadeapersistentefforttosearchfortheirdaughterlostintheearthquake.Shewasvexedbythepersistentringingofthephone.----Asluckwouldhaveit,noonewasinthebuildingwhentheexplosionoccured.----Asluckwouldhaveit,therewasrainonthedayofthepicnic.注意詞義的抽象化引申Everylifehasitsrosesandthorns.Samknowshecandependonhisfamily,rainorshine.Asaboy,hewasthedespairofallhisteachers.每個(gè)人的生活都有苦有甜。山姆知道，無(wú)論境況如何，他都可以依靠他的家庭。小時(shí)候，他是個(gè)使所有老師失望的孩子。2.一詞多性Hepushedhisspectacleshigheronthebridgeofhisnose.Theconstructionworkersthrewabridgeacrosstheriver.Noconcessioncanbridgethechasms(大分歧)betweenthetwogroups.Hebridgedtheawkwardsilencewithafunnyremark.無(wú)論何種讓步也無(wú)法彌合這兩個(gè)集團(tuán)間的裂縫。他說(shuō)了句笑話，打破了尷尬的冷場(chǎng)。3、辯明原文語(yǔ)法和邏輯關(guān)系Yousmellwine.Youcannotbetoocarefull.你要特別小心。Idon’tteachbecauseteachingiseasyforme.Themotordidnotstoprunningbecausethefuelwasfinished.-英漢歷史，文化，風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣大不相同，產(chǎn)生了與各自民族文化有關(guān)的習(xí)慣表達(dá)法和不同的邏輯思維Eg1.SheisasfairasHelen.-美若西施翻譯時(shí)可用意譯或直譯加注。4、CulturebackgroundEg2.Annawasthinandblack,averyumbrellaofawoman.安娜是個(gè)又瘦又黑的女人，簡(jiǎn)直像把雨傘。Eg3.Johncanbereliedon.Heeatsnofishandplaysthegame.在QueenofElizabeth時(shí)代,Christians為表示對(duì)政府忠誠(chéng),拒絕遵守反政府的羅馬天主教徒在Friday只吃魚的習(xí)俗.toeatnofish=loyal;toplaythegame=playfair為人可靠,既忠誠(chéng)又正直In-ClassPractice1."Youchicken!"hecried,lookingatTomwithcontempt.2.Thestork（鶴）visitedtheHowardJohnstonsyestery.key:1“你這個(gè)膽小鬼！”他輕蔑地看著湯姆嚷道。2.霍華德約翰斯頓家昨天添了個(gè)小孩。（在英語(yǔ)國(guó)家中，當(dāng)孩子向大人問(wèn)起自己是從哪兒來(lái)時(shí)，大人總是告訴他們，是鶴鳥(niǎo)把他們銜來(lái)的，因此，visitedbythestork就成為添小孩的代用語(yǔ)）準(zhǔn)確理解原文并不等于表達(dá)正確。（漢語(yǔ)修養(yǎng)）In-ClassPractice1.Aluxurianttanspeakshealthandglamour.2.Don’tcrossthebridgetillyougettoit.3.Healwayslivesaheadofhissalary.4.Hiswearinessandtheincreasingheatdeterminedhimtositdowninthefirstconvenientshade.5.Expression表達(dá)階段Aluxurianttanspeakshealthandglamour.豐潤(rùn)的棕色皮膚訴說(shuō)著健康和魅力。Don’tcrossthebridgetillyougettoit.不必?fù)?dān)心過(guò)早。（車到山前必有路）Healwayslivesaheadofhissalary.他的生活開(kāi)銷總是超過(guò)他的工資收入。Hiswearinessandtheincreasingheatdeterminedhimtositdowninthefirstconvenientshade.他疲憊不堪，天氣也越來(lái)越熱。于是他下了決心，一碰到舒適的陰涼處，就坐下來(lái)休息。6.revision校對(duì)對(duì)原文的內(nèi)容進(jìn)一步理解，