人教版七年級(jí)英語(yǔ)下冊(cè)B卷 Unit 10（B卷 能力提升）-【單元測(cè)試】（解析版）

班級(jí)姓名學(xué)號(hào)分?jǐn)?shù)Unit10I'dlikesomenoodles.單元測(cè)試（B卷·能力提升）（時(shí)間：60分鐘，滿分：100分）一、單項(xiàng)選擇(每小題1分，共15分)1．（2021·七年級(jí)單元測(cè)試）—Howdopeoplearound______worldcelebrate(慶祝)theirbirthdays?—Oh,________answerwouldbedifferentindifferentcountries.A．a(chǎn);a B．a(chǎn);the C．the;a D．the;the【答案】D【詳解】句意：——世界各地的人們?nèi)绾螒c祝他們的生日？——哦，不同國(guó)家的答案會(huì)不同?？疾楣谠~的用法。a一個(gè)，不定冠詞，表示泛指，用于輔音音素前；the這個(gè)，定冠詞，表示特指。aroundtheworld意為“世界各地”，是固定短語(yǔ)，所以第一空用the；第二空特指針對(duì)上面問(wèn)句的答案，所以用the。故選D。2．（2021·七年級(jí)單元測(cè)試）I’dlikesome_______with_______.A．tomatoessoup;chicken B．tomatosoup;chickenC．tomatosoups;chickens D．tomatoessoups;chickens【答案】B【詳解】句意：我想要一些西紅柿湯配雞肉?？疾槊~。tomatosoup意為“西紅柿湯”，是不可數(shù)名詞。chicken“雞肉”，是不可數(shù)名詞，故選B。3．（2021·八年級(jí)課時(shí)練習(xí)）Twoglassesoforangejuice________onthetable.A．a(chǎn)re B．is C．have D．has【答案】A【詳解】句意：桌子上有兩杯橙汁。考查動(dòng)詞和主謂一致。are是，be動(dòng)詞復(fù)數(shù)形式；is是，be動(dòng)詞單數(shù)形式；have有，動(dòng)詞原形；has有，動(dòng)詞三單；此處表達(dá)“某物在某處”，應(yīng)用be動(dòng)詞，排除C/D選項(xiàng)；句子主語(yǔ)是“Twoglassesoforangejuice”，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要與量詞glasses一致，be動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用are，故選A。4．（2021·全國(guó)·七年級(jí)專題練習(xí)）Now,peoplehavemorefreetime.SquareDancingisbecomingmoreandmore______.A．comfortable B．difficult C．different D．popular【答案】D【詳解】試題分析：句意：現(xiàn)在，人們有更多的空閑時(shí)間。廣場(chǎng)舞變得越來(lái)越受歡迎。A.comfortable舒服的；B.difficult困難的；C.different不同的；D.popular受歡迎的。結(jié)合句意，故選D。5．（2021·八年級(jí)單元測(cè)試）Thelongnoodlesareasymboloflonglife.Don’t_______.A．cutthemup B．cutitup C．cutupthem D．cutupit【答案】A【詳解】句意：長(zhǎng)長(zhǎng)的面條是長(zhǎng)壽的象征。不要把它們切斷。考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。cutup表示“切斷，切碎”。代詞要放在動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的中間，故排除C、D項(xiàng)。根據(jù)復(fù)數(shù)名詞“noodles”可知，其應(yīng)該用賓格them來(lái)指代。故排除B項(xiàng)。故選A。6．（2023·西藏拉薩·?？寄M預(yù)測(cè)）Thereare________onthedesk.A．threecupsofteas B．threecup C．threecupsoftea D．threeteas【答案】C【詳解】句意：桌子上有三杯茶。考查不可數(shù)名詞及其數(shù)的表達(dá)。tea“茶”，不可數(shù)名詞，可排除A/D選項(xiàng)；cup“杯子”，可數(shù)名詞，B選項(xiàng)表述錯(cuò)誤。故選C。7．（2022·全國(guó)·九年級(jí)專題練習(xí)）—Ibelieveyoulike________verymuchasyouhaveeatensomanyofthem.—Youareright.A．beef B．orange C．vegetables D．potato【答案】C【詳解】句意：——因?yàn)槟愠粤诉@么多，所以我認(rèn)為你非常喜歡蔬菜?！阏f(shuō)對(duì)了?？疾槊~的數(shù)。beef牛肉，不可數(shù)名詞；orange橙子，可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)；vegetables蔬菜，可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)；potato土豆，可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)。根據(jù)題干中“them”可知，指代的名詞是可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式，故選C。8．（2021·廣西百色·統(tǒng)考中考真題）UncleLihasafarm,therearesome_______onthefarm.A．chickenandsheep B．chickensandsheepsC．chickensandsheep D．chickenandsheeps【答案】C【詳解】句意：李叔叔有一個(gè)農(nóng)場(chǎng)，在農(nóng)場(chǎng)上有一些雞和羊。考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)的用法。根據(jù)“therearesome…onthefarm”可知，農(nóng)場(chǎng)上會(huì)有雞和羊。some后接不可數(shù)名詞或可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式，chicken雞，復(fù)數(shù)形式是chickens；sheep羊，復(fù)數(shù)形式是sheep，故選C。9．（2022·全國(guó)·八年級(jí)）—MustIwashmycloth？—Iamafraidyou________.Youshouldlearntodosomethingbyyourself.A．need B．haveto C．will D．can【答案】B【詳解】句意：——今天我必須洗我的衣服嗎？——恐怕你不得不這樣做，你應(yīng)該學(xué)會(huì)獨(dú)立做事情?？疾榍閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞。need需要；haveto不得不；will將會(huì)；can能夠。根據(jù)“MustIwashmycloth”以及“Youshouldlearntodosomethingbyyourself”可知，你不得不自己洗衣服，因此haveto符合題意。故選B。10．（2022秋·廣東深圳·八年級(jí)期中）Thereisn’t_________milkathomenow.Howaboutgoingtothesupermarkettoget________?A．a(chǎn)ny;any B．a(chǎn)ny;some C．some;some D．some;any【答案】B【詳解】句意：家里現(xiàn)在沒有牛奶。去超市買點(diǎn)怎么樣？考查代詞辨析。some一些，用于肯定句或者希望得到肯定回答的疑問(wèn)句；any任何，常用于否定句或疑問(wèn)句。第一空處于否定句中，用any；第二個(gè)空是希望得到肯定回答的疑問(wèn)句。故選B。11．（2023春·全國(guó)·九年級(jí)專題練習(xí)）Therearesome_______and_______inthefridge（冰箱）.A．tomatos;milk B．tomatos;milks C．tomatoes;milk D．tomatoes;milks【答案】C【詳解】句意：在冰箱里有一些西紅柿和牛奶?？疾槊~的數(shù)。根據(jù)“Thereare”可知，第一個(gè)空應(yīng)該填可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，tomato變復(fù)數(shù)需要在末尾加es，故排除A和B。又因milk“牛奶”為不可數(shù)名詞，故選C。12．（2022·重慶·一模）—YuanLongpingisagreatperson.It’shisdreamtohelpsolve(解決)thefoodproblemoftheworld.Ithinkhisdreamcan_______oneday.—You’reright.Let’slearnfromhim.A．cometrue B．blowout C．getup D．cutdown【答案】A【詳解】句意：——袁隆平是一個(gè)偉大的人。幫助解決世界糧食問(wèn)題是他的夢(mèng)想。我想他的夢(mèng)想總有一天會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)的。——你說(shuō)得對(duì)。讓我們向他學(xué)習(xí)。考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。cometrue實(shí)現(xiàn)；blowout吹滅；getup起床；cutdown砍倒。根據(jù)“Ithinkhisdreamcan”可知夢(mèng)想是用來(lái)被實(shí)現(xiàn)的。故選A。13．（2023春·全國(guó)·九年級(jí)專題練習(xí)）________theteachersintheirschoolisabout200andonefourthofthemare________teachers.A．Anumberof;women B．Anumberof;womanC．Thenumberof;women D．Thenumberof;woman【答案】C【詳解】句意：在他們學(xué)校老師的數(shù)量大約是200，且其中的四分之一是女老師?？疾槎陶Z(yǔ)和名詞復(fù)數(shù)。“thenumberof+名詞復(fù)數(shù)”意為“……的數(shù)量”，作主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式，“anumberof+名詞復(fù)數(shù)”意為“大量的”，作主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；根據(jù)句意及謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是單數(shù)is可知，第一空用thenumberof；又因?yàn)橐话闱闆r下名詞作定語(yǔ)修飾名詞時(shí)，第一個(gè)名詞要用單數(shù)，但是若man或者women作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，man和woman的單復(fù)數(shù)根據(jù)被修飾的名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)而定，根據(jù)第二空后的teachers可知，用復(fù)數(shù)，即womenteachers，故選C。14．（2020秋·九年級(jí)單元測(cè)試）Thefarmeris________thewool________thesheepwithapairofscissors.A．cutting;off B．cutting;down C．putting;off D．cutting;up【答案】A【詳解】句意：農(nóng)夫正在用剪刀把羊的羊毛剪下來(lái)。考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。cutting;off剪下；cutting;down砍伐；putting;off推遲；cutting;up切碎。根據(jù)“thewool”和“thesheep”可知，用剪刀把羊的羊毛剪下來(lái)，因此“cutting；off”符合句意。故選A。15．（2021·七年級(jí)單元測(cè)試）—________?—Yes,please.I’dlikesomebreadandacupofcoffee.A．MayIhaveyourorder B．WhatwouldyoulikeC．Whatdoyoulike D．Wouldyoulikesomecakes【答案】A【詳解】句意：——您要點(diǎn)菜嗎？——是的，請(qǐng)。我想要一些面包和一杯咖啡?？疾榍榫敖浑H。MayIhaveyourorder您要點(diǎn)餐嗎；Whatwouldyoulike你想要什么；Whatdoyoulike你喜歡什么；Wouldyoulikesomecakes你想要些蛋糕嗎。根據(jù)答語(yǔ)“Yes,please.I’dlikesomebreadandacupofcoffee.”可知，問(wèn)句詢問(wèn)“您要點(diǎn)餐嗎？”。故選A。二、完形填空(每小題1分，共10分)（2021·七年級(jí)單元測(cè)試）Canyoubake(烘烤)?IntheUnitedStates,____16____learntobakefromaveryyoungage.Theyhave“bakesales”atschool.Itisatraditional(傳統(tǒng)的)activity.Studentsbakesweetfoodathome.Thenthey____17____thematschool.Theschoolsmakemoney.Theymayusethe____18____topayfor(為……而付錢)fieldtrips,artandsportsactivities.However,nowtherearesome____19____ideasaboutbakesales.Twenty-fourstatesinthecountrydon’tletstudentssellorbuysweetsatschool.Arule____20____out.It____21____thatfoodatschoolmustbehealthy.Studentshavedifferentideas____22____bakesales,too.Heidi,ateenagerfromtheVirginIslands,isagainst(反對(duì))bakesales.Shesaystheyaren’tgoodforchildren.Forexample,schoolscansellwater.Schoolsshouldcaremoreaboutstudents’____23____.ButAnna,___24___bakesales.Theteenagegirlthinksit’smorefuntobuycupcakesthancarrotsticks.Studentscanmakebakedfoodhealthier.Theycanusenaturalingredients(天然配料).Also,bakingisa____25____wayforstudentstospendtimewiththeirfriendsandfamily.16．A．women B．teachers C．parents D．children17．A．eat B．enjoy C．take D．sell18．A．food B．time C．money D．work19．A．different B．important C．special D．interesting20．A．works B．comes C．goes D．gives21．A．writes B．tells C．says D．shows22．A．of B．a(chǎn)bout C．to D．for23．A．plans B．ideas C．health D．study24．A．likes B．needs C．wants D．has25．A．boring B．nice C．funny D．difficult【答案】16．D

17．D

18．C

19．A

20．B

21．C

22．B

23．C

24．A

25．B【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】在美國(guó)，學(xué)生烘烤甜食拿到學(xué)校賣，掙的錢會(huì)被用作郊游、藝術(shù)和體育活動(dòng)。但是現(xiàn)在一些州不再允許學(xué)生賣甜食，認(rèn)為這些烘烤的甜食不健康，對(duì)此不同的人有不同的意見?！驹斀狻?6．句意：在美國(guó)，孩子們從很小的時(shí)候就開始學(xué)習(xí)烘焙。women女人；teachers教師；parents父母；children孩子們；根據(jù)“fromaveryyoungage”和“…atschool”可知此處指“孩子們”。故選D。17．句意：然后他們?cè)趯W(xué)校賣。eat吃；enjoy欣賞；tak拿；sell賣；根據(jù)下文“Theschoolsmakemoney”可知，孩子們?cè)趯W(xué)校賣他們烘烤的甜食。故選D。18．句意：他們可以用這筆錢支付野外旅行、藝術(shù)和體育活動(dòng)的費(fèi)用。food食物；time時(shí)間；money錢；work工作；根據(jù)上文“Theschoolsmakemoney”可知，他們把賺的錢用作郊游、藝術(shù)和體育活動(dòng)。故選C。19．句意：然而，現(xiàn)在關(guān)于烘焙銷售有一些不同的想法。different不同的；important重要的；special特殊的；interesting有趣的；根據(jù)“Twenty-fourstatesinthecountrydon’tletstudentssellorbuysweetsatschool”可知，此處指“對(duì)于烘焙銷售有一些不同的意見”。故選A。20．句意：出臺(tái)了一條規(guī)則。worksout解決；comesout發(fā)行；goesout出去；givesout分發(fā)；根據(jù)“Arule”可知，此處指“出臺(tái)了一條規(guī)則”。故選B。21．句意：它說(shuō)學(xué)校的食物必須是健康的。writes寫；tells告訴；says說(shuō)；shows顯示；根據(jù)前文中“Arulecomesout”可知，此處是這項(xiàng)規(guī)定的解釋說(shuō)明。故選C。22．句意：學(xué)生們對(duì)烘焙銷售也有不同的想法。of……的；about關(guān)于；to去、到；for為、給；havedifferentideasaboutsth.“對(duì)某事有不同的看法”。故選B。23．句意：學(xué)校應(yīng)該更加關(guān)心學(xué)生的健康。plans計(jì)劃；ideas想法、主意；health健康；study學(xué)習(xí)；“Heidi,ateenagerfromtheVirginIslands,isagainstbakesales”Heidi認(rèn)為這些甜食對(duì)孩子們不好；可知，她認(rèn)為學(xué)校應(yīng)該更關(guān)心學(xué)生們的健康。故選C。24．句意：但是安娜喜歡烘焙銷售。likes喜歡；needs需要；wants想要；has有；上文“Heidi反對(duì)烘焙銷售”；根據(jù)But表句意轉(zhuǎn)折和下文“Theteenagegirlthinksit’smorefuntobuycupcakesthancarrotsticks”可知，她喜歡烘焙銷售。故選A。25．句意：此外，烘焙也是學(xué)生與朋友和家人共度時(shí)光的好方法。boring無(wú)聊的；nice美好的；funny有趣的；difficult困難的；根據(jù)“forstudentstospendtimewiththeirfriendsandfamily”可知，學(xué)生與朋友和家人一起烘焙的時(shí)光是美好的。故選B。三、閱讀單選(每小題2分，共40分)(一)（2022·遼寧撫順·統(tǒng)考中考真題）WelcometotheTraditionalGermanRestaurant!BreakfastSitandenjoyarelaxingstarttoyourday.Time:7:00a.m.—9:30a.m.Food:Freshbreadandfruit

Coldmeatsandcheese(奶酪)

CoffeeandeggsSpecial:Milkbefore8:00a.m.forfreeLunchEnjoyyourfamilytimehere.Time:11:00a.m.—2:00p.m.Food:Soupandsalad

Coldmeatsandcheese

Germansausages(香腸)Special:CakeswithfruitandicecreamforfreeDinnerTime:7:00p.m.—11:30p.m.Food:Asurprisinglightsnack(點(diǎn)心)Special:Aseconddinnerisservedafter10:00p.m.athalfprice.Formoreinformation,call225-679.26．Youcanenjoy________foodattherestaurant.A．Chinese B．Japanese C．German D．French27．Breakfastlastsfor________hoursaccordingtothepassage.A．2 B．2.5 C．3 D．3.528．Youcanhave________forbothbreakfastandlunch.A．soupandsalad B．freshbreadandfruitC．coffeeandsausages D．coldmeatsandcheese29．Thehalf-pricefoodisservedat________accordingtothepassage.A．8:00a.m. B．8:00p.m. C．11:00a.m. D．11:00p.m.30．Thelightsnackfordinneris________attherestaurant.A．surprising B．exciting C．relaxing D．interesting【答案】26．C

27．B

28．D

29．D

30．A【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一家傳統(tǒng)德國(guó)餐廳的介紹?！驹斀狻?6．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“WelcometotheTraditionalGermanRestaurant!”可知，這是一家傳統(tǒng)德國(guó)餐廳，所以是可以享受德國(guó)食物。故選C。27．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Breakfast“Time:7:00a.m.—9:30a.m.”可知，早餐時(shí)間從早上7點(diǎn)到早上9點(diǎn)30，一共是2.5個(gè)小時(shí)。故選B。28．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Breakfast“Food:Freshbreadandfruit；Coldmeatsandcheese(奶酪)；Coffeeandeggs”以及Lunch“Food:Soupandsalad；Coldmeatsandcheese；Germansausages(香腸)”可知，早餐和午餐都有冷肉和奶酪。故選D。29．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Dinner“Aseconddinnerisservedafter10:00p.m.athalfprice.”可知，晚上10點(diǎn)后以半價(jià)供應(yīng)第二頓晚餐。選項(xiàng)D“晚上11點(diǎn)”符合。故選D。30．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Dinner“Food:Asurprisinglightsnack”可知，餐廳的晚餐小吃令人驚喜。故選A。(二)（2022·吉林長(zhǎng)春·東北師大附中?？家荒＃㏄eopleoftenusetheirphonestotakepicturesoftheirmeals—especiallyfancy（華麗的）ones—toshareonline.ButClearPlate,aWeChatmini-program,encouragesyoutotakepicturesofyouremptyplatesafterameal.Theprogram’sAI（智能）“sees”thatyourplatesareemptyandgivesyoupoints.Youcanusethesepointstobuyyourselfgiftsorgiveawaythepointstobuymealsforchildreninpoorareas.TheprogramwasdevelopedbyLiuJichen,23,astudentatTsinghuaUniversity.Liucameupwiththeideain2017.“Technologyisagoodwaytocutdownfoodwaste,”saidLiu.Heputtogethera20-memberteamtoworkontheprogram.Toteachtheprogram’sAlhowtorecognize（辨別）emptyplates,theteamspenthalfayearcollecting100,000photosfromrestaurantsin10cities.TheteamalsostartedacampaigncalledClearYourPlateinChineseuniversitiesin2018.StudentscompeteagainsteachothertoseewhocangetthosemostpointsinClearPlate.Nowinitsthirdyear,theone-monthcampaignhasreached1,017schools.In2020,almost16millionpeopletookpartinit,cuttingdownfoodwasteby862tonsandcarbonemissions（排放）by3,337tons.Thankstohiswork,LiuwaschosenasoneoftheUnitedNations’2020ClassofYoungLeadersfortheSustainableDevelopmentGoals（可持續(xù)發(fā)展目標(biāo)）.“Wehopeoureffortscanencourageyoungpeopletocherish（珍惜）thefoodandsavethefood,”Liusaid.根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，選擇最佳答案。31．Peopleareencouragedtosharetheir________platesaftermealsintheprogramClearPlate.A．empty B．fancy C．full D．creative32．WhydidLindeveloptheprogram?A．Tomakepeopleenjoytheirlives. B．Todevelopscienceandtechnology.C．Tocutdownfoodwaste. D．Tocompletehishomeworkintheuniversity.33．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“campaign”mean?A．volunteer. B．a(chǎn)bility. C．communication. D．a(chǎn)ctivity.34．Whatcanweknowfromthepassage?A．Wecangiveawaypointsintheprogramtoourfriendstobuymeals.B．Liu’steammadeeffortstoteachtheprogram’sAIhowtorecognizeemptyplates.C．In2018,1,017schoolstookpartintheClearYourPlatecampaign.D．LiuwastheyoungestleaderoftheUnitedNations.35．Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A．Howcanwebecomegoodleaders. B．Thewaystosavefood.C．Aprogramhelpsussavefood. D．Everyonecanbeaninventor.【答案】31．A

32．C

33．D

34．B

35．C【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文介紹了“光盤打卡”的創(chuàng)始人柳濟(jì)琛創(chuàng)辦小程序激勵(lì)大家采取行動(dòng)反對(duì)糧食浪費(fèi)的故事?！驹斀狻?1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“ButClearPlate,aWeChatmini-program,encouragesyoutotakepicturesofyouremptyplatesafterameal.Theprogram’sAI（智能）‘sees’thatyourplatesareemptyandgivesyoupoints.”可知，在“光盤打卡”微信小程序中，人們被鼓勵(lì)在飯后分享他們的空盤子。故選A。32．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“‘Technologyisagoodwaytocutdownfoodwaste,’saidLiu.”可知，劉的團(tuán)隊(duì)開發(fā)了該程序，以減少食物浪費(fèi)。故選C。33．詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)“TheteamalsostartedacampaigncalledClearYourPlateinChineseuniversitiesin2018.”可知，在大學(xué)里應(yīng)該是開展了“光盤打卡”這個(gè)活動(dòng)，所以劃線詞“campaign”與D選項(xiàng)activity“活動(dòng)”意思相近。故選D。34．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Heputtogethera20-memberteamtoworkontheprogram.Toteachtheprogram’sAlhowtorecognize（辨別）emptyplates,theteamspenthalfayearcollecting100,000photosfromrestaurantsin10cities.（他組建了一個(gè)20人的團(tuán)隊(duì)來(lái)完成這個(gè)項(xiàng)目。為了教該項(xiàng)目的人工智能如何識(shí)別空盤子，該團(tuán)隊(duì)花了半年時(shí)間從10個(gè)城市的餐館收集了10萬(wàn)張照片。）”可知，劉的團(tuán)隊(duì)努力去教這個(gè)程序的人工智能如何辨別空盤子。故選B。35．最佳標(biāo)題題。通讀全文可知，本文介紹了“光盤打卡”的創(chuàng)始人柳濟(jì)琛創(chuàng)辦小程序激勵(lì)大家采取行動(dòng)反對(duì)糧食浪費(fèi)的故事。故選C。(三)（2022·七年級(jí)單元測(cè)試）NewYear’sDayisatraditional(傳統(tǒng)的)festivalintheworld.Onthisday,peopleindifferentcountrieseatdifferentfood.IntheUSA,peopleeatherrings(鯡魚).Americanslikeherringsbecauseherringsalwaysswimfasttogetherinthewater.Theyarethesymbolofhappinessandrichnessforafamily.InSpain,familiesliketogettogether,listentomusicandplaygames.Andwhenitistwelveo’clockatnightandtheNewYearbegins,peoplewilleattwelvegrapes.Theythinkthegrapescanbringgoodluckinthenexttwelvemonths.Asweallknow,dumplingsarethebestfoodforChinese.Theymeantuanyuan.Andmanyfamiliesmakeoneortwodumplingswithcoins(硬幣)inside.Peoplewhoeatdumplingswithcoinswillgethappiness.DifferentpeopleeatdifferentfoodonNewYear’sDay,buttheyallwanthealthandhappiness.36．IntheUSA,herringsarethesymbolof________forafamily.A．happinessandrichness B．goodluckC．tuanyuan D．healthandhappiness37．WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A．Chineseputsomecoinsintheirdumplings.B．DifferentpeopleeatdifferentfoodonNewYear’sDay.C．AmericanseatherringswhentheNewYearbegins.D．TheSpanisheattwentygrapeswhentheNewYearbegins.38．WholikestoeatgrapesonNewYear’sDay?A．PeopleintheUSA． B．PeopleinSpain.C．PeopleinChina. D．PeopleinEngland.39．WhydoChineseliketoeatdumplingsonNewYear’sDay?A．BecausetheymeantuanyuaninChina.B．Becausetherearecoinsinthedumplings.C．Becauseitiseasytomakedumplings.D．Becausedumplingsmaybringthemhappiness.40．Thispassagemainlytellsus________onNewYear’sDay.A．differentpeople B．differentfood C．differentcountries D．differentcities【答案】36．A

37．D

38．B

39．A

40．B【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要介紹了世界各地新年的食物?！驹斀狻?6．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Theyarethesymbolofhappinessandrichnessforafamily.”可知，它們是一個(gè)家庭幸福和富裕的象征。故選A。37．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Andwhenitistwelveo’clockatnightandtheNewYearbegins,peoplewilleattwelvegrapes.”可知，當(dāng)晚上十二點(diǎn)的時(shí)候，新年開始了，人們會(huì)吃十二顆葡萄。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，D選項(xiàng)描述的是人們會(huì)吃二十個(gè)葡萄，與文章內(nèi)容不符。故選D。38．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“InSpain,familiesliketogettogether,listentomusicandplaygames.Andwhenitistwelveo’clockatnightandtheNewYearbegins,peoplewilleattwelvegrapes.”可知，西班牙慶祝新年的方式是在晚上十二點(diǎn)的時(shí)候，會(huì)吃十二顆葡萄。故選B。39．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Theymeantuanyuan.”可知，中國(guó)人喜歡吃餃子，是因?yàn)樗鼈円馕吨鴪F(tuán)圓。故選A。40．主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，文章第一段引出不同國(guó)家新年食物的話題，第二段描述了美國(guó)新年食物——鯡魚；第三段描述了西班牙新年食物——葡萄；第四段描述了中國(guó)新年食物——餃子；最后一段做總結(jié)。可見本文主要講述了不同國(guó)家的新年食物。故選B。(四)（2021·河北邯鄲·統(tǒng)考一模）Whenyouvisitarestaurant,youmayseesomepeopleeatingontheirown.Inthepast,thesepeoplemightfeelembarrassed(尷尬的)abouteatingalone,becausethismightshowthattheyhadnofriendsordislikedmakingfriendswithothers.However,that’schanging.AccordingtoanewsurveyofaUS-basedcompany,theadulteatssixmealsaloneeachweekand387mealseachyearonaverage.Thatmeanseatingaloneisanewfashion.InChina,eatingaloneisalsogrowinginpopularity.“Eatingalonecanallowpeopletoenjoydinnerinaprivatespacefreely,”ChinaDailyreported.Itistruethatwhenpeoplechoosetoeatwithotherpeople,theymustbeaffectedbythedinerswhoaccompany(陪伴)them.Ifthedinerssharesimilarhabits,theyareluckyandcanenjoyasatisfyingmeal.Ifnot,theymustdealwiththeembarrassingexperienceofbadtablemanners,andboringconversations.Soeatingalonecanhelppeoplegetawayfrombaddinnerdates,embarrassinggroupsandboringconversationsandletthemenjoytheexclusiveexperience.WangKerui,afreshmanfromBeijingNormalUniversity,isagoodexample.“Eatingalonedoesn’tmeanI’mlonely.Instead,itcanhelpmeenjoy‘me-time’andthinkaboutthechallengesIhavemetinmystudies,”shetoldTEENS.Eatingalonealsoshowsthatyoungpeoplepaymoreattentiontorealizingtheirdreamsandlookingforahigherqualityoflife.Now,manyyoungpeoplewithfixedincomes(固定收入)arebeginningtore-examinetheirrolesinsociety.ZhaoLianxue,28,amediaworker,sayssheenjoysherlifealone.Withoutthetaskofcookingforafamily,Zhaoofteneatsaloneinrestaurants.Inhersparetime,shecanreadher

favoritebooks,gosightseeingorshopping.It’snothardtoseethateatingaloneformanyyoungpeopledoesn’tmeantheyfeellonely.Itismoreaboutfreedomandindependence(獨(dú)立).41．Whydidpeoplefeelembarrassedwheneatingaloneinthepast?A．Theydidn’tlikemakingfriends. B．Theydidn’tcookfortheirfamily.C．Theydidn’twanttobeaffectedbyothers. D．Otherswouldthinktheyhadnofriends.42．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“exclusive”mean?A．Lonely. B．Noisy. C．Personal. D．Fresh.43．Ifapersonwantstoavoidembarrassinggroups,hecan________.A．findsomeonetohelphim B．choosetoeatalone C．joinindifferentactivities D．learntobeindependent44．WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A．Anadulteatssixmealsaloneeachmonthand387mealseachyearonaverage.B．Whenwehavedinnerwithothers,wecan’thaveasatisfyingmeal.C．ZhaoLianxuehascolorfulactivitiesinhersparetime.D．Thericheryoungpeopleare,themoreindependenttheyare.45．Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A．LiveaFreeLife B．LearntoBeIndependent C．LearnaboutTableMannrs D．EnjoyEatingAlone【答案】41．D

42．C

43．B

44．C

45．D【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這篇短文主要講述了關(guān)于單獨(dú)吃飯也越來(lái)越受歡迎，獨(dú)自吃飯也表明年輕人更加注重實(shí)現(xiàn)夢(mèng)想，追求更高的生活質(zhì)量?！驹斀狻?1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中“Inthepast,thesepeoplemightfeelembarrassed(尷尬的)abouteatingalone,becausethismightshowthattheyhadnofriendsordislikedmakingfriendswithothers.”可知，別人會(huì)認(rèn)為他們沒有朋友。故選D。42．詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)上文“Soeatingalonecanhelppeoplegetawayfrombaddinnerdates,embarrassinggroupsandboringconversations”可知，獨(dú)自用餐可以幫助人們擺脫糟糕的晚餐約會(huì)、尷尬的團(tuán)體和無(wú)聊的談話，讓他們享受獨(dú)有的體驗(yàn)，exclusive的意思是“個(gè)人的，獨(dú)自的”，故選C。43．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中“Soeatingalonecanhelppeoplegetawayfrombaddinnerdates,embarrassinggroupsandboringconversationsandletthemenjoytheexclusiveexperience.”可知，如果一個(gè)人想避免尷尬的群體，他可以選擇獨(dú)自吃飯，故選B。44．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文中“Inhersparetime,shecanreadherfavoritebooks,gosightseeingorshopping.It’snothardtoseethateatingaloneformanyyoungpeopledoesn’tmeantheyfeellonely.Itismoreaboutfreedomandindependence(獨(dú)立).”可知，趙連雪在業(yè)余時(shí)間有豐富多彩的活動(dòng)。故選C。45．標(biāo)題歸納題。通讀整篇短文可知，這篇短文主要講述了關(guān)于單獨(dú)吃飯也越來(lái)越受歡迎。故選D。四、閱讀回答問(wèn)題(每小題2分，共10分)（2022秋·湖南長(zhǎng)沙·八年級(jí)期末）閱讀下面的短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答問(wèn)題。DoyouknowwhatdishisthemostpopularinthecoldwinterinChina?Hotpot(火鍋)ismanyChinesepeople’sfavorite.Nomatterinthenorthorinthesouth,peoplealllikehotpotverymuchandeveryplacehasitslocalspecials.Forexample,peopleinSichuanlikehotdishinit.However,Guangdonghotpotisfamousforitsfreshness.Usually,thereisametalhotpotinthemiddleoftable.Whenthesoupinthepotiskeptsimmering(慢煮),dishesareputintothepot.Beef,mutton,fishandvegetablesarethemaindishes.Itisverypopularinwinterbecauseitcankeepthedisheswarmallthetime.DuringtheSpringFestival,friendsandfamilymembershaveaspecialmeal—hotpot.Also,theychat(聊天)happily.Itisagoodwaytorelax.ThereisalsohotpotinEngland,butwhatarethedifferences?HotpotisNOThotpot.ChinahashotpotintwowordsbutEnglishhotpotiswritteninoneword.ThemaindishesofEnglishhotpotaresimple.Theyaremeat,potatoesandonions.Peopleputitintheoven(烤箱)alldayinaheavypotonalowheat.Itiseasytocook.Chinesehotpottastesdelicious,andEnglishhotpottastesfine.Whichdoyoulike,hotpotorhotpot?46．IshotpotmanyChinesepeople’sfavorite?_________________________________________________________________________47．WholikesfreshdishesinhotpotinChina?_________________________________________________________________________48．Whyisthehotpotpopularinwinter?_________________________________________________________________________49．HowdopeoplerelaxthemselvesduringtheSpringFestival?_________________________________________________________________________50．WhatarethemaindishesofEnglishhotpot?_________________________________________________________________________【答案】Yes(,itis).

47．PeopleinGuangdong.

48.Becauseitcankeepthedisheswarmallthetime.

49．Byhaveaspecialmeal—hotpotandchattinghappily.

50．Theyaremeat,potatoesandonions.【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要講述了在中國(guó)寒冷的冬天里最受人歡迎的菜——火鍋?！驹斀狻?6．根據(jù)“Hotpot(火鍋)ismanyChinesepeople’sfavorite.”可知火鍋是許多中國(guó)人的最愛。故填Yes(,itis).47．根據(jù)“However,Guangdonghotpotisfamousforitsfreshness.”可知廣東火鍋以新鮮著稱。故填PeopleinGuangdong.48．根據(jù)“Itisverypopularinwinterbecauseitcankeepthedisheswarmallthetime.”可知火鍋在冬天很受歡迎，因?yàn)樗梢宰尣艘恢北３譄岷?。故填Becauseitcankeepthedisheswarmallthetime.49．根據(jù)“DuringtheSpringFestival,friendsandfamilymembershaveaspecialmeal—hotpot.Also,theychat(聊天)happily.Itisagoodwaytorelax.”可知人們?cè)诖汗?jié)通過(guò)吃一頓特別的飯——火鍋和愉快的聊天。故填Byhaveaspecialmeal—hotpotandchattinghappily.50．根據(jù)“ThemaindishesofEnglishhotpotaresimple.Theyaremeat,potatoesandonions.”可知英國(guó)火鍋的主菜很簡(jiǎn)單。它們是肉、土豆和洋蔥。故填Theyaremeat,potatoesandonions.五、閱讀還原6選5(每小題2分，共10分)（2022秋·廣東深圳·八年級(jí)統(tǒng)考期末）以下是一篇文章，請(qǐng)閱讀全文，并從下列的六個(gè)句子中選擇五個(gè)還原到原文中，使原文的意思完整、連貫。OneofthefavouritefoodsintheUnitedStatesisthehamburger,akindofflatroundbreadwithfine-cutbeefinbetween.____51____.Atfastfoodrestaurants,peopleordertheirfood,waitafewminutestogetitoverthecounter,andcarryittotheirtablesthemselves.____52____Atsomefast-foodrestaurants,peoplecanordertheirfood,payforitandpickitupwithoutleavingtheircars.___53___MostoftherestaurantssellhamburgersorotherpopularfoodsamongAmericans.Inaddition,therearemanyfast-foodrestaurantsthatserveChinesefood,Indianfood,seafoodandicecream.Theideaofafast-foodrestaurantissopopularthatnearlyeverykindoffoodcanbefoundinone.___54___First,theyarenotformalrestaurants.Peoplewearanytypeofdresswhentheygotoafast-foodplace.Second,theyarefast.Peoplewhoarebusydonotwanttospendtimepreparingtheirfoodorwaitingwhilesomeoneelsepreparesit.____55____Finally,mostfoodinafast-foodrestaurantisnotexpensive.Therefore,peoplecanofteneatatafastfoodrestaurantwithoutspendingtoomuchmoney,whiletheymaynotbeabletogotomoreexpensiverestaurantsveryoften.A．TherearemanykindsoffastfoodrestaurantsintheUnitedStates.B．FastfoodrestaurantsarepopularbecausetheyshowtheAmericanwayoflife.C．Thefavouriteplacetobuyahamburgerisafastfoodrestaurant.D．Peoplealsotaketheirfoodoutoftherestaurantandeatitintheircarsorintheirhomes.E．Fastfoodisnotveryexpensiveforpeopletobuy.F．Infastfoodrestaurantsthefoodisusuallyreadybeforethecustomerevenordersit.【答案】51．C

52．D

53．A

54．B

55．F【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要介紹了快餐受歡迎的原因?！驹斀狻?1．根據(jù)“Atfastfoodrestaurants,peopleordertheirfood,waitafewminutestogetitoverthecounter,andcarryi