（江蘇專用）高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí) Unit 1 Laughter is good for you練習(xí)（含解析）牛津譯林版選修6-牛津版高三選修6英語(yǔ)試題

選修六Unit1Laughterisgoodforyou檢測(cè)評(píng)價(jià)A卷Ⅰ.單項(xiàng)填空1．—Forgottensomething？Icankeepaneyeonyourkidsifyouwanttogoandgetit.—________Thankyouallthesame.A．It'sverykindofyou.B．Oh,howcarelessofme!C．Imightaswellgoandgetit.D．Well,Icandowithoutit.解析：選D句意：“忘東西了嗎？如果你想回去取的話，我可以照看你的孩子。”“哦，沒(méi)有也行。還是要謝謝你?！庇伞癟hankyouallthesame.”可知，答話者不需要回去取東西，故選D項(xiàng)。2．Maybeyoucouldbeaninventor—maybeevengoodenoughto________anideaforthenextiPhoneornewmedicineforcancer.A．putupwith B．keepupwithC．catchupwith D．comeupwith解析：選D句意：也許你會(huì)成為一名發(fā)明家，甚至可能會(huì)很優(yōu)秀能想出一個(gè)關(guān)于下一代iPhone或治療癌癥的新藥的主意。putupwith“容忍”；keepupwith“與……齊步前進(jìn)，跟上”；catchupwith“追上，趕上”；comeupwith“想出，提出(主意、計(jì)劃等)”。根據(jù)句意可知選D。3．________，Ihavetoputthestorybookawaytoconcentrateonmylessons.A．HoweveramusingitisB．HoweveritisamusingC．Nomatterhowit'samusingD．Nomatterhowamusingisit解析：選A考查狀語(yǔ)從句。however為副詞，修飾形容詞或副詞，所以however后跟amusing再接主語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞(從句要用陳述語(yǔ)序)。也可改為Nomatterhowamusingitis。4．Ihadastrongdesiretoreachinandplaywiththetoy,but________thankfullybytheshopwindow.A．a(chǎn)mheldback B．heldbackC．holdback D．washeldback解析：選D考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：我有一種強(qiáng)烈的欲望，想伸手進(jìn)去拿那個(gè)玩具玩，但幸虧我被商店櫥窗阻擋了。句子的主語(yǔ)I與holdback之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，需用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；再根據(jù)句中的had可知用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，故選D項(xiàng)。5．—Mum,Ihavefinishedmyhomework.CanIrelax?—Oh.Ifyou________nottodisturbme,youcanwatchTV.A．offer B．supportC．guarantee D．want解析：選C句意：“媽媽，我已經(jīng)完成了作業(yè)。我能放松一下嗎？”“如果你保證不打擾我，你可以看電視?！眊uarantee“保證”，符合句意。6．Ofalltheuniversitiesintheworld,thoseintheEUare________mostattractivebecausetheyhave________varietyofculturesandteachingmethods.A．the;the B．a(chǎn);theC．the;a D．a(chǎn);a解析：選C根據(jù)比較范圍“Ofalltheuniversitiesintheworld”可知，第一個(gè)空用定冠詞the，表示最高級(jí)；第二個(gè)空考查固定短語(yǔ)avarietyof“各種各樣的”。7．Hardworkisno________ofanexcellentschoolrecord.Youhavetoadoptaflexibleapproachtoyourlearning.A．guarantee B．connectionC．permission D．consequence解析：選A句意：努力并不能保證有一個(gè)好成績(jī)。你必須采用靈活的學(xué)習(xí)方法。guarantee“保證；擔(dān)?！?，符合句意。connection“連接；聯(lián)系”；permission“允許；批準(zhǔn)”；consequence“結(jié)果；成果”。8．It'snecessarytobepreparedforajobinterview.________theanswersreadywillbeofgreathelp.A．Tohavehad B．HavinghadC．Have D．Having解析：選D考查動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)。句意：為工作面試做好準(zhǔn)備很有必要。把回答的內(nèi)容準(zhǔn)備好會(huì)大有幫助。A、B兩項(xiàng)表示已完成的動(dòng)作，而句意只是強(qiáng)調(diào)一般性的動(dòng)作，因此排除A、B兩項(xiàng)；又因動(dòng)詞原形只構(gòu)成祈使句，不能作句子的主語(yǔ)，因此排除C項(xiàng)。9．—SomeEnglishidiomsaredifficulttounderstand.—Exactly,________youknowthemeaningofeachword.A．ifonly B．evenifC．a(chǎn)sif D．nowthat解析：選B根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，應(yīng)該是“即使你知道了每個(gè)詞的含義，一些英語(yǔ)習(xí)語(yǔ)還是很難理解的”。evenif/though“即使；盡管”，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。10．Although________aboutherfatness,thegirlshowedgreatconfidenceonthestage.A．teasing B．beingteasedC．teased D．tobeteased解析：選C句中邏輯主語(yǔ)she與tease之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)。故選C。11．Maryworkedhereasa________secretaryandendedupgettingafull-timejobinthecompany.A．pessimistic B．temporaryC．previous D．cautious解析：選B句意：瑪麗在這里做臨時(shí)秘書(shū)，最后得到了公司一份全職的工作。pessimistic“悲觀的”；temporary“臨時(shí)的”；previous“先前的，以前的”；cautious“謹(jǐn)慎的，小心翼翼的”。根據(jù)句意可知選B。12．(2019·江蘇常熟高三質(zhì)檢)Shehasagiftforcreatinganatmosphereforherstudents________allowsthemtocommunicatefreelywitheachother.A．which B．whereC．what D．who解析：選A句意：她具有給學(xué)生創(chuàng)造一種允許他們自由交流的氛圍的天賦。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，定語(yǔ)從句“________allowsthemtocommunicatefreelywitheachother”修飾先行詞atmosphere，將先行詞代入后為：theatmosphereallowsthemtocommunicatefreelywitheachother。由此可知先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)，而且指代物，所以需用關(guān)系代詞which，故選A項(xiàng)。13．(2020屆高三·無(wú)錫質(zhì)檢)—Personally,it'shisthrillforsuccessinthebeginningthatresultedinhisfinalfailure.—Youbet.Justasweallknow,________.A．Nopains,nogainsB．ReadinessisallC．PridegoesbeforeafallD．Everylittlemakesamickle解析：選C句意：“就個(gè)人而言，是他一開(kāi)始對(duì)成功的興奮導(dǎo)致了他的失敗?！薄罢f(shuō)得對(duì)。正如我們大家都知道的，驕兵必?cái)??！眓opains,nogains“沒(méi)有付出就沒(méi)有收獲”；readinessisall“有備無(wú)患”；pridegoesbeforeafall“驕兵必?cái)　?；everylittlemakesamickle“積少成多”。14．Theairport________nextyearwillhelppromotetourisminthisarea.A．beingcompleted B．tobecompletedC．completed D．havingbeencompleted解析：選B考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作定語(yǔ)。句意：明年將要竣工的機(jī)場(chǎng)將有助于促進(jìn)這個(gè)地區(qū)旅游業(yè)的發(fā)展。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處應(yīng)填非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，排除C項(xiàng)；由nextyear可知機(jī)場(chǎng)將要竣工而不是正在竣工，也不是已竣工，故選B項(xiàng)。15．Willyouseeto________thattheluggageisbroughtback?A．me B．yourselfC．it D．them解析：選C句意：你會(huì)確保把行李帶回來(lái)嗎？此處seeto后需接it作形式賓語(yǔ)，然后接賓語(yǔ)從句。Ⅱ.完形填空(2019·徐州高三模擬)Manuelagotupearlierandboughttwobagsofcatfood.Shebegangoingtothe__1__barbershoponthecorner,makingherweeklyvisittoseeHussein,theoldbarber.Husseinwasboth__2__anddelightedtoseeManuelaandthebagsoffood.Thetwohurriedovertothetinyfooddisheslinedupinthealley.Several__3__appearedsoon.Asthetwo__4__andmadetheirwaybackinsidetheshop,Hussein'ssmile__5__andheexplainedhewasaboutto__6__thebarbershop.Hehadbeentoldtoleavewithin7days.His__7__barbershopsimplycouldn'tpayenoughrentandthelandlordhadinvitedanotherroomer,onewhowouldn'tbe__8__animalsoutside.Manuela'seyesbeganto__9__asHusseinexpressedhis__10__aboutthehomelesscatshecaredfor.Butasfate(命運(yùn))wouldhaveit,therewassomethingbetter__11__forthebarberandhiscats.AsManuela'sFacebooksupportersreadher__12__aboutHussein,they,oneafteranother,__13__subscribingtohimandhiscats.Everydayforthenextweek,ManuelawenttoHusseinwiththe__14__.Andonthefourthday,somethingunbelievablehappenedwhenHusseinwasableto__15__astorefrontinanoldbuildingnearhisshop.Noelectricity,__16__therewaspotential.Manuelaandotherpeople__17__tohelppaintandclearrubbishwhileelectriciansmadeallthenecessary__18__.Inlessthantwoweeks,thebarberwasbackin__19__again.Throughthekindnessofstrangers,__20__，hisandhiscats'wholeworldwasbroughtback.語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文屬于記敘文。理發(fā)師Hussein因生意不太好，面臨不得不搬離的困境，他很憂慮，因?yàn)樗僖膊荒苷疹櫮切┝骼素埩?。Manuela在Facebook上發(fā)了一條有關(guān)Hussein的事情的帖子，結(jié)果得到了很多網(wǎng)友的捐款。于是，Hussein得以繼續(xù)他的理發(fā)生涯和照顧那些流浪貓。1．A.independent B．familiarC．expensive D．a(chǎn)ncient解析：選B本空后面的“makingherweeklyvisittoseeHussein”顯示，Manuela每周要去看望Hussein，說(shuō)明她對(duì)理發(fā)店很熟悉，故選B。independent“獨(dú)立的”，expensive“昂貴的”，ancient“古老的”，文章沒(méi)有相關(guān)信息，均不能入選。2．A.grateful B．patientC．careful D．a(chǎn)ttractive解析：選A本段第一句談到Manuela一大早就買(mǎi)了兩袋貓糧，下文談到Hussein在照顧流浪貓，所以當(dāng)Hussein看到Manuela帶來(lái)貓糧時(shí)，他當(dāng)然很感激(grateful)和高興。patient“耐心的”，careful“仔細(xì)的”，attractive“有吸引力的”，均與文章上下文內(nèi)容不匹配。3．A.neighbors B．barbersC．cats D．customers解析：選C第三段中的“Husseinexpressedhis________aboutthehomelesscatshecaredfor”顯示，Hussein在照顧流浪貓，且本句前的“thetinyfooddisheslinedupinthealley”顯示小巷里排列著很小的食盤(pán)，故他們一到那里，幾只貓很快就出現(xiàn)了，故選C。neighbor“鄰居”，barber“理發(fā)師”，customer“顧客”，文章沒(méi)有相關(guān)信息，均不能入選。4．A.spokeout B．backedoffC．setoff D．finishedoff解析：選D結(jié)合上文并根據(jù)本空后面的“madetheirwaybackinsidetheshop”可知，他們喂完了流浪貓，準(zhǔn)備回到理發(fā)店去，故選D。speakout“公開(kāi)說(shuō)出”，backoff“退縮”，setoff“出發(fā)”，均與上下文信息不符。5．A.faded B．frozeC．reappeared D．a(chǎn)ccumulated解析：選A第一段談到Hussein很高興；由空后的“heexplainedhewas...7days”可知，Hussein被告知7天之內(nèi)必須搬離理發(fā)店，他將失去(lose)這家理發(fā)店，因此他的微笑慢慢消失(faded)了，故選A。freeze“(因害怕等)不動(dòng)，驚呆”，reappear“再現(xiàn)”，accumulate“聚集”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。6．A.rebuild B．sellC．lose D．decorate解析：選C參見(jiàn)上題解析。rebuild“重建”，sell“賣(mài)”，decorate“裝飾”，均與上下文內(nèi)容不符。7．A.dull B．classicC．remote D．wide解析：選A本句中的“simplycouldn'tpayenoughrent”說(shuō)明，這家理發(fā)店的生意不好。dull屬于熟詞生義，在本句中意為“蕭條的，不景氣的”，故選A。classic“第一流的”，remote“偏僻的”，wide“寬闊的”，均與本句句意不能匹配。8．A.purchasing B．feedingC．sheltering D．collecting解析：選B由上文中Hussein在外面喂流浪貓可推知，這個(gè)新的租戶不愿意喂養(yǎng)(feeding)這些流浪貓，故選B。purchase“購(gòu)買(mǎi)”，shelter“保護(hù)，掩蔽”，collect“收集”，均與文章內(nèi)容不符。9．A.glare B．openC．shine D．flood解析：選D上文談到Manuela每周都買(mǎi)貓糧給那些流浪貓，因此當(dāng)她聽(tīng)說(shuō)Hussein不得不搬走，而這些流浪貓沒(méi)有人照顧時(shí)，她的眼睛含滿淚水。flood意為“(使)灌滿水，淹沒(méi)”，在此可理解為“眼中含滿淚水”，故選D。glare“怒目而視”，open“睜開(kāi)”，shine“放光”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。10．A.promises B．a(chǎn)dorationC．a(chǎn)nxiety D．comments解析：選C上文談到Hussein一直在照顧流浪貓，但以后不能再照顧它們了，所以他表達(dá)了對(duì)這些貓的擔(dān)心(anxiety)。promise“許諾”，adoration“熱愛(ài)”，comment“評(píng)論”，均與上下文內(nèi)容不符。11．A.instore B．bychanceC．onpurpose D．a(chǎn)tpresent解析：選A本空前面有“asfate(命運(yùn))wouldhaveit”，故本空選A，表示“即將發(fā)生”。bychance“碰巧”，onpurpose“故意”，atpresent“目前”，均與文章上下文意義不符。12．A.review B．letterC．post D．invitation解析：選C本空前面的“Manuela'sFacebooksupportersread”說(shuō)明，Manuela將這件事寫(xiě)成了帖子(post)發(fā)到了社交媒體Facebook上，故選C。review“評(píng)論”，letter“信”，invitation“請(qǐng)?zhí)?，均與本句句意不符。13．A.suggested B．rememberedC．reported D．began解析：選D上文談到Manuela的Facebook支持者讀到了她的帖子，下文談到在接下去的一周，Manuela每天都帶捐款(contributions)給Hussein，由此可知網(wǎng)友們一個(gè)接一個(gè)地開(kāi)始(began)定期給Hussein和他的貓捐款，故選D。suggest“建議”，remember“記住”，report“報(bào)道”，均與上下文內(nèi)容不符。14．A.congratulations B．decisionsC．a(chǎn)nnouncements D．contributions解析：選D參見(jiàn)上題解析。congratulation“祝賀”，decision“決定”，announcement“通告”，均與上下文內(nèi)容不符。15．A.return B．secureC．protect D．spot解析：選B本空前面談到了在第四天，令人難以置信的事情發(fā)生了，由于有網(wǎng)友們的捐款，Hussein得以找到一間門(mén)面，故選B。注意，這里的secure是熟詞生義，表示“(尤指經(jīng)過(guò)努力)獲得，取得”。return“歸還”，protect“保護(hù)”，spot“發(fā)現(xiàn)”，均與上下文內(nèi)容不符。16．A.when B．a(chǎn)ndC．but D．so解析：選C上文中的“astorefrontinanoldbuilding”和本空后的“therewaspotential”顯示，這個(gè)門(mén)面很老舊，沒(méi)有通電，但是(but)還是有潛力的，因此這里具有轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故選C。17．A.cameby B．cheeredupC．brokeaway D．droppedout解析：選A本空后面談到人們幫助Hussein粉刷門(mén)面，清理垃圾，說(shuō)明Manuela和其他人都過(guò)來(lái)(cameby)一起幫忙，故選A。cheerup“高興起來(lái)”，breakaway“離開(kāi)，逃脫”，dropout“退出”，均與上下文內(nèi)容不符。18．A.appointments B．connectionsC．a(chǎn)ssumptions D．budgets解析：選B上文談到這是一間很老舊的門(mén)面，沒(méi)有通電，所以這里指電工將所有必要的接頭(connections)弄好，故選B。19．A.comparison B．a(chǎn)dvanceC．company D．business解析：選D上文談到Hussein在人們的幫助下找到了新的門(mén)面，因此此處表示不到兩周時(shí)間，他再次恢復(fù)營(yíng)業(yè)(inbusiness)，符合上下文情節(jié)發(fā)展，故本空選D。incomparison“相比較”，inadvance“提前”，incompany“一起”，均與文章內(nèi)容不符。20．A.normally B．thankfullyC．naturally D．directly解析：選B上文談到Hussein和他的流浪貓遇到了困難，Manuela和她的支持者們熱心相助；再根據(jù)本空后提到的Hussein和他的流浪貓的天地又回來(lái)了，因此本空應(yīng)用thankfully，表示“幸虧，幸好”，故選B。normally“正常地”，naturally“自然地”，directly“直接地”，均與文章內(nèi)容不符。Ⅲ.任務(wù)型閱讀(2019·常州中學(xué)調(diào)研)AmongthenaturalcreaturesthatcanpresentathreattopeopleinruralareasofMexico,oneofthemostproductiveisthescorpion(蝎子).Theserelativesofspiderskilldozensofpeopleeachyearandinjurethousandsmore.However,scorpionshavebecomeapartofthelocalcultureandtradition.IntheDurangocitymainmarket,scorpionsareinevidenceateveryturn.Therearebooks,keychainsandlampsdecoratedwithdeadscorpions.TherearescorpionimagesonT-shirtsandhatsandthereareevencandiesshapedlikescorpions.Thewholeplaceseemstobefilledwiththecrawlingcreature.Inonecornerofthemarket，CheloGarciaevensellslivescorpions.Shesaysshehasexperiencedtwoscorpionstings(蟄)intherecentyearsandthatnothinghappened.Shesaysthatifapersonhasnosymptomsofpoisoningwith30minutesofthestinging，itislikelythatnothingbadwillresult.Shesayssomescorpionshavelittleornopoisonandsoluckplaysabigpart.ItishardtoexplainwhypeoplecometoMs.Garcia'sstoretobuyliveones,butshedoesagoodbusiness.Sheoftenreachesdownthroughthetopoftheglasscagetocatchoneofthescorpionstoshowhercustomers.Sheholdsthembythetail,wherethebarbedstinger(刺針)islocated,sothatsheissafefromattack.Inthecrowdedmarket,manypeoplepassbyMs.Garcia'sstoretolookatthecrawlingcreaturesandtorelatetheirownstoriesofencounterswiththescorpions.Oneoldwomansaysshenearlydiedwhenshewasagirlof18yearsoldandhasbeenafraidofscorpionseversince.Shesaidhertonguebecamenumbandherthroatbegantoswellshut,commonsymptomsofthescorpionpoison.ShesaysshesurvivedbecauseGodprotectedher.EveryyearinMexicoabout200,000peoplearestungbyscorpions.Thenumberofannualdeathswasnearly300,till2015,butapublichealthcampaignandthewidespreadavailabilityofanti-poisonhavecutthenumberofdeathstolessthan100ayear.ThestateofDurangoaloneaccountsfortenpercentofallthescorpionstingsinMexicoeachyear.Whilethescorpionmayberegardedasdisgustingandhorriblebymanypeople,ithasalsobecomeabitofalocalmascot(吉祥物)inDurango.Peoplethereseemproudofthefactthattheircityisknownasthe“scorpioncapital”.Scorpions:PartofLocalCultureinMexicoIntroductionWhile(1)________byscorpions,peopleinruralareasofMexicoviewthemasapartofthelocalcultureandtradition.Themainmarketofscorpions?Scorpionscanbeseenalmost(2)________，rangingfrombookstoT-shirtsandhats.?(3)________scorpionsaresoldinGarcia'sstore,whohasbeenstungbyscorpionstwiceinrecentyears.?Garciaoftenshowsscorpionstohercustomersbyholdingtheirtails,becausethebarbedstingeris(4)________inthescorpion'stail.Thesituationofscorpions'stings?(5)________arethatifapersonfeelsnothingwrongwithin30minutesofthestinging,he/shewillsurvive.?Symptomsofthescorpionpoisonincludeanumbtongueanda(6)________throat.?Withmuchattentiontopublichealth,peoplenowhaveeasy(7)________toanti-poison,sothenumberofdeathshasdecreasedalot.People's(8)______towardsscorpions?Though(9)________asdisgustingandhorrible,thescorpionhasbecomeabitofalocalmascotinDurango.?Peopletheretake(10)________inthefactthattheircityisknownasthe“scorpioncapital”.答案：1.threatened2.everywhere3.Live4.located/situated5.Chances6.swollen7.access8.attitudes9．regarded/viewed/considered/seen10.pride檢測(cè)評(píng)價(jià)B卷閱讀理解AVisitorCode●ArrivewithnothingthatcanharmNewZealandIfyouarearrivingfromoverseas,bringnofood,animalorplantmaterialintothecountry.IfindoubtdeclareittoCustoms.●ProtectplantsandanimalsNeverallowdogsorotherpetstorunfreelyinareasofnestingbirds,otherwildlife,orwheresignposted.●GetridofrubbishAlwaysgetridofyourrubbishproperlyandrecyclewaste(e.g.glass,paper)wherepossible.●BeconsideratewithotherwasteIfusingaportabletoiletalwaysthrowawayyourtoiletwasteataproperwastestation.Inthebackcountry,buryyourtoiletwasteinashallowholeawayfromwaterways.●KeepNewZealand'swatercleanBecausesoapsandotherwastescanharmwaterways,becarefulyourwashingwaterdoesn'tpollutethesea,lakesandrivers.●TakecarewithfireAlwaysobservedistrictfirebans.Becarefulifyousmokeorhaveanoutdoorfireorbarbecue—makesureashesarecoldbeforeleaving.●CamporpicniccarefullyWhencampingorpicnicking,usefacilitiesprovided.●KeeptothetrackKeeptothetrack,whereoneexists,soyoulessenthechanceofdamagingfragileplants.●BeconsiderateWhendriving,minimizenoiseandobservenosmokingsigns.語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇應(yīng)用文——游客行為規(guī)范。文章主要介紹了去新西蘭應(yīng)該注意的事項(xiàng)。1．AccordingtotheCode,visitorsshouldact________.A．withcareandrespectB．withreliefandpleasureC．withcautionandcalmnessD．withattentionandobservation解析：選A推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章所列注意事項(xiàng)“來(lái)時(shí)不要帶任何對(duì)新西蘭有害的東西；保護(hù)動(dòng)植物；正確處理垃圾；對(duì)于其他廢物的處理要考慮周到；保持水的干凈；注意防火；宿營(yíng)或野餐時(shí)要小心；不偏離道路；要替他人著想”可知，游客舉止應(yīng)該小心謹(jǐn)慎而且要懂得尊重別人。故選A項(xiàng)。2．WhatareyouencouragedtodowhentravellinginNewZealand?A．Takeyourowncampingfacilities.B．Buryglassfarawayfromrivers.C．Followthetrackforthesakeofplants.D．Observesignstoapproachnestingbirds.解析：選C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由倒數(shù)第二個(gè)注意事項(xiàng)下的“Keeptothetrack,whereoneexists...”可知C項(xiàng)正確。B(2019·無(wú)錫高三一模)Fantasyliteratureisfantasyinwrittenform.Historicallyspeaking,themajorityoffantasyworkshavebeenliterature.Sincethe1950s,however,agrowingpartofthefantasygenre(流派)hastakentheformofvideogames,music,painting,andthelike.Itisdifficulttodefinetheprecise“beginning”offantasyliterature,asstoriesinvolvingmagicandterriblemonstershaveexistedsincetimeimmemorial.Onthewhole,thegenre,asadistincttype,begantobecomevisibleintheVictoriantimes,intheworksofwriterssuchasWilliamMorris,LordDunsanyandGeorgeMacdonald.SomecommentatorsdeclaredthattheSouthAfrican-born,Englishprofessorofphilology,J．R.R.Tolkien,wasinfluentialtothemass-popularizationofthefantasygenre,withhishugelysuccessfulpublications—TheHobbit,andTheLordoftheRings.Tolkienhimself,though,waslargelyinformedbyanancientbodyofAnglo-Saxonmyths—particularlyBeowulf—butitwasafterhisworkthatthegenrebegantoreceivethename，“fantasy”.J．R.R.Tolkien'sclosefriendC．S.Lewis,authoroftheTheChroniclesofNarnia,alsoanEnglishprofessorinterestedinsimilarthemes,wasalsoconnectedwithpopularizingthecommercialsuccessofthefantasygenre.Outstanding,authorsinthegenrewhoundertookpopularfantasyworksafterTolkien'sTheLordoftheRingsphenomenonofthe1950sand1960sappearedquickly.Inrecentyears,therateoffemale-to-maleauthorsinatypically-stockedbookstorehasskyrocketed,withfemaleauthorssurpassingthevolumeofthemaleones.Fantasyhasbeenfamousfromotherformsofliteraturebyitsstyle.Thefantasyworldrequires,likeanygenre,appropriatelanguage,andthatlanguagecanvary.Invariousformsoffairytalefantasy,eventhevillain's(壞人)languagewouldbeinappropriateifvulgar(粗俗的).FamousfantasyauthorRaymondE.Feistconsideredhisgenretobeonewhere“ordinarypeople”wereplacedinextraordinarysituations,andwritingaboutwhatwouldhappen.eq\x(語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。介紹了與幻想小說(shuō)相關(guān)的作家、作品以及其起源和流行。)3．Howmanyfantasywritersarementionedinthispassage?A．Five. B．Six.C．Seven. D．Eight.解析：選B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第一段最后一句提到WilliamMorris,LordDunsany和GeorgeMacdonald；第二段第一句提到J.R.R.Tolkien，最后一句提到C.S.Lewis；最后一段最后一句提到RaymondE．Feist，一共提到六位，故選B。4．Theunderlinedword“skyrocketed”inthethirdparagraphmeans“________”.A．riserapidlyandsuddenlyB．droprapidlyandsuddenlyC．riseslowlyandsteadilyD．dropslowlyandsteadily解析：選A詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫(huà)線詞后的“withfemaleauthorssurpassingthevolumeofthemaleones”中的surpass一詞可知，女性作家的比例飆升。5．Thispassageismainlyabout________.A．thebackgroundoffantasyliteratureB．somefamousworksaboutfantasyliteratureC．theoriginanditspopularityoffantasyliteratureD．someoutstandingauthorsoffantasyliterature解析：選C主旨大意題。閱讀整篇文章可知，本文主要介紹了幻想小說(shuō)的起源及其流行。CNeurologistshavecreatedahands-free,thought-controlledmusicalinstrument,whichthey'verecentlydescribedinareportinFrontiersinHumanNeuroscience.Researchershopethatthisnewinstrumentwillhelpcurepatientswithmotordisabilitiessuchasthosefromstrokes,spinalcordinjuries,amputation,oramyotrophiclateralsclerosis(ALS)．“TheEncephalophoneisaninventionthatyoucontrolwithyourthoughts,withoutmovement，”explainsThomasDeuel,aneurologistandthefirstauthorofthereport.“Iamamusicianandneurologist,andI'veseenmanypatientswhoplayedmusicpriortotheirstrokesorothermotordisabilities,whocannolongerplayaninstrumentorsing，”saysDeuel.“Ithoughtitwouldbegreattouseabrain-computerinstrumenttoenablepatientstoplaymusicagainwithoutrequiringmovement.”TheEncephalophonecollectsbrainsignalsthroughacapthattransformsspecificsignalsintomusicalnotes.Theinventioniscoupledwithasynthesizer(音響合成器),allowingtheusertocreatemusicusingawidevarietyofinstrumentalsounds.Dr.DeueloriginallydevelopedtheEncephalophoneinhisownindependentlaboratory.Inthefirstreport,theydescribetheirdevelopmentoftheinstrument,aswellastheirinitialstudyshowingevidenceofhoweasilytheinstrumentmightbeused.Itshowedthatatrialgroupof15healthyadultswereabletousetheinstrumenttocorrectlyrecreatemusicaltones,withnopriortraining.“Wefirstsoughttoprovethatnovices—subjectswhohadnotrainingintheEncephalophonewhatsoever—couldcontrolthedevicewithaccuracythatwasbetterthanrandom，”saysDeuel.“Thesefirstsubjectsdidquitewell,wayabovechanceprobabilityontheirveryfirsttry.”TheEncephalophonecanbecontrolledviatwoindependenttypesofbrainsignals:eitherthoseassociatedwiththevisualcortex(皮質(zhì)),i.e.closingone'seyes,orthoseassociatedwiththinkingaboutmovement.Controlbythinkingaboutmovementmaybethemostusefulfordisabledpatients,andDeuelplanstocontinueresearchingthisapplication.Butfornow,thiscurrentstudyshowsthat,atleastforthissmallgroupofnoviceusers,controlbyclosingeyesismoreaccuratethancontrolbyimaginingmovements.IncooperationwiththeCenterforDigitalArtsandExperimentalMedia(DXARTS),DeuelisbuildinguponsuchresearchtomaketheEncephalophonemoremusicallyversatile(有多種用途的),aswellaseasiertouse.Deuelandhiscooperatorsarealreadyworkingwithmorepeopletoseehowmuchuserscanimprovewithtraining.DeuelalsoplanstobeginclinicaltrialsoftheEncephalophonelaterthisyeartoseewhetheritmaybeusefulorenjoyablefordisabledpatients.“ThereisgreatpotentialfortheEncephalophonetoimprovetherecoveryofstrokepatientsandthosewithmotordisabilities，”Deuelsays.語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。神經(jīng)學(xué)家創(chuàng)造出一種用思想而不需要用手即可控制的樂(lè)器，這為失去相關(guān)運(yùn)動(dòng)能力的殘疾人帶來(lái)了福音。6．WhatistheEncephalophone?A．Asignalcollector.B．Amedicaldevice.C．Amusicalinstrument.D．Asoundsynthesizer.解析：選C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Neurologistshavecreatedahands-free,thought-controlledmusicalinstrument”及第五段中的“Dr.DeueloriginallydevelopedtheEncephalophone...oftheinstrument”可知，Encephalophone是一種樂(lè)器。故選C。7．WhatdoestheauthorsayabouttheEncephalophone?A．Ithasbeenputintowideuse.B．Itishandyanddisabled-friendly.C．Itcanimproveusers'tasteinmusic.D.It'smoreeasilycontrolledbyimagination.解析：選B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中的“atrialgroupof15healthyadultswereabletousetheinstrumenttocorrectlyrecreatemusicaltones,withnopriortraining”可知，以前沒(méi)有受過(guò)訓(xùn)練的健康成年人能夠使用這個(gè)樂(lè)器來(lái)正確地再現(xiàn)音調(diào)，這說(shuō)明這個(gè)樂(lè)器是易于使用的。再根據(jù)第一段中的“Researchershopethatthisnewinstrumentwillhelpcurepatientswithmotordisabilities”以及第七段中的“Controlbythinkingaboutmovementmaybethemostusefulfordisabledpatients”可知，這個(gè)樂(lè)器對(duì)殘疾人來(lái)說(shuō)是有用的。故選B。8．What'sDeuel'sattitudetowardtheEncephalophone?A．Concerned. B．Cautious.C．Hopeful. D．Doubtful.解析：選C觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“ThereisgreatpotentialfortheEncephalophonetoimprovetherecoveryofstrokepatientsandthosewithmotordisabilities”可知，Deuel認(rèn)為Encephalophone在促進(jìn)患中風(fēng)的人以及那些患有運(yùn)動(dòng)神經(jīng)障礙的人的恢復(fù)上有很大的潛力，也就是說(shuō)他對(duì)Encephalophone是充滿希望的。故選C。9．Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A．CreatingmusicbythoughtaloneB．WaysofusingmusicinmedicineC．TheunpredictablepowerofmusicD．Breakthroughintreatingmotordisabilities解析：選A標(biāo)題歸納題?？v觀全文可知，本文主要介紹了神經(jīng)學(xué)家創(chuàng)造出的一種可以用思想控制的樂(lè)器，這為失去相關(guān)運(yùn)動(dòng)能力的殘疾人帶來(lái)了福音。故A項(xiàng)作本文標(biāo)題最佳。D(2019·鎮(zhèn)江質(zhì)檢)Inpartsoftheworld,separatingnaturalhabitats(棲息地)fromhigh-yieldingfarmland(耕地)couldbeamoreeffectivewaytoconservewildspeciesthantryingtogrowcropsandconservenatureonthesameland,accordingtoanewstudy.Thestudy,byresearchersattheUniversityofCambridgeandtheRoyalSocietyfortheProtectionofBirds,collectedinformationonmorethan600speciesinsouthwestGhanaandnorthernIndia,twopartsoftheworldwheredemandforagriculturallandisputtingevermorepressureonwildspecies.Theresearchersmeasuredcropproductionaswellastheabundanceofbirdsandtreesinforestsandinvarioustypesoffarmland.“Farmlandwithsomeretainednaturalvegetation(植被)hadmorespeciesofbirdsandtreesthanhigh-yieldingmonocultures(單一栽培)ofoilpalm,riceorwheatbutproducedfarlessfoodenergyandprofitperhectare，”saidtheleadauthorDr.BenPhalanfromtheUniversityofCambridge.“Aswellasrequiringmorelandtoproducethesameamountoffood,the‘wildlife-friendly’farmlandwasnotaswildlife-friendlyasitfirstappeared.Comparedwithforest,itfailedtoprovidegoodhabitatforthemajorityofbirdandtreespeciesineitherregion.”Theresearchersdiscoveredthat,undercurrentandfuturefooddemand,mostspecieswouldhavelargertotalpopulationsiffarmingwasrestrictedtothesmallestarea.Thiswastruenotjustforrarespeciesbutforcommonspeciesaswell.Thisstrategy,called“l(fā)andsparing”，useshigheryieldsonexistingfarmlandtosparelandfornature(incontrastwith“l(fā)andsharing”，whichaimstoconservewildspeciesandgrowcropsonthesameland).Becausehigh-yieldfarmingproducedmorefoodfromlessland,itcouldbeusedaspartofastrategytoprotectlargertracts(地帶)ofnaturalhabitatssuchasforest.“Itwouldbenicetothinkthatwecouldconservespeciesandproducelotsoffood,allonthesameland，”saidDr.MalvikaOnialfromtheUniversityofCambridge.“ButourdatafromGhanaandIndiashowthat'snotthebestoptionformostspecies.Toproduceagivenamountoffood,itwouldbebetterforbiodiversitytofarmasproductivelyaspossible,ifthatallowsmorenaturalhabitatstobeprotectedorrestored.”“Itiscriticaltonotethatincreasingcropyieldswouldnotworkinisolation，”saidProfessorAndrewBalmfordfromtheUniversityofCambridge.“Suchincreasesneedtobecombinedwithactivemeasuressuchasusingnationalparksandcommunityreservestoprotectnaturalhabitatsfromconversion(轉(zhuǎn)變)tofarmland.Conservationpolicy-makersshouldexplorenewwaystolinkprotectionofnaturalhabitatswitheffortstoincreasefoodyieldsperunitareainsustainableways.Foodretailerscouldperhapsmakethelinkageafeatureofenvironmentallyfriendlyfoodproducts.”Theresearcherspointedout,however,thatalthoughtheirfindingsinGhanaandIndiaareremarkablyconsistent,theymaynotholdtrueevery