黑龍江省齊齊哈爾市2023-2024學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期1月期末英語試題（含答案解析）

高一英語試卷本試卷分第Ⅰ卷(選擇題)和第Ⅱ卷(非選擇題)兩部分。全卷共150分，考試時間120分鐘。考生作答時將答案答在答題卡上，在本試卷上答題無效。注意事項(xiàng)：1.答題前，考生先將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號碼填寫清楚，將條形碼準(zhǔn)確粘貼在條形碼區(qū)域內(nèi)。2.選擇題必須使用2B鉛筆填涂;非選擇題必須使用0.5毫米黑色字跡的簽字筆書寫，字體工整、筆跡清楚。3.請按照題號順序在各題目的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答，超出答題區(qū)域書寫的答案無效;在草稿紙、試題卷上答題無效。4.作圖題可先使用2B鉛筆填涂，然后用黑色字跡的簽字筆描黑。5.保持卡面清潔，不要折疊、不要弄破、弄皺，不準(zhǔn)使用涂改液、修正帶、刮紙刀。第Ⅰ卷單項(xiàng)選擇題(共95分)第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatisthewoman?A.Aprofessor.B.Astudent.C.Areporter.2.Howdidthemanfindhistrip?A.Boring.B.Tired.C.Good.3.Whattimeshouldthemancheckinattheairportatleast?A.At4:30a.m.B.At2:30p.m.C.At4:30p.m.4.Whatistheweatherlikenow?A.Cloudy.B.Sunny.C.Rainy.5.Whereareprobablythespeakers?A.Atschool.B.Ataparkinglot.C.Atarepairshop.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間，每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段對話，回答以下兩個小題。6.Whatdoesthewomanoftenhaveforlunch?A.Leftoverfromthenightbefore.B.Saladmadebyherself.C.Foodfromrestaurants.7.Whendoesthewomanwashtheingredients?A.Inthemorning.B.Atnoon.C.Intheevening.聽下面一段對話，回答以下三個小題。8.Howdidthemanbuyhistelevision?A.Hewenttoastore.B.HeboughtitontheInternet.C.Heordereditoverthetelephone.9.Whendidthemangethistelevision?A.OnMonday.B.OnWednesday.C.OnThursday.10.Whatdoesthewomanpromisetodofortheman?A.Sendhimaremotecontrol.B.ChangetheTVsetforhim.C.Helphimsetupthetelevision.聽下面一段對話，回答以下三個小題。11.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomandoatfirst?A.Seeafilm.B.Goforawalk.C.Turnontheairconditioner.12.Whatsportdoesthewomandoregularly?A.Climbing.B.Jogging.C.Swimming.13.WhatisthemangoingtodonextSaturday?A.Holdaparty.B.Cleanhishouse.C.Gotothebookstore.聽下面一段對話，回答以下三個小題。14.WhatdoesthewomanthinkofToday’sWorld?A.Itisboring.B.Itisuseful.C.Itisexpensive.15.HowmuchdotheEnglishbookandthenovel-costintotal?A.$14.B.$16.C.$30.16.Whoisthewoman?A.Astudent.B.Ateacher.C.Aresearcher.聽下面一段對話，回答以下四個小題。17.HowdoesJohngotoworkonrainydays?A.Bybus.B.Onfoot.C.Bycar.18.WhatdoesJohnusuallydoonweekends?A.Hebakessomething.B.Helearnscooking.C.Hebuyssweets.19.WhendoesCaroleatout?A.Whenshehasabusydayatwork.B.Whenshedoesn’tknowwhattoeat.C.Whenherhusbandistoobusytocook.20.WhatdoesCarolthinkoftherestaurants?A.Theyarepopular.B.Theyareselectable.C.Theyareexpensive.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、和D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AShowBizSummer2023Location:RosewoodCenterforFamilyartsImportantInformation:●Tuitionpaidonthefirstdayofclass.●Notuitionrefunds(退款)fornotattendingtheclass.●Pleaseaccompanystudentstothefirstdayofclass.●Registrationbeginsoneandhalfanhourbeforeclasstime.HowToRegister:●Mail:fillouttheformonthelastpage,blackinkonly.●Besuretolisttheclassandgroupthatyouwant&thedates.DramaDays—$175EnteringGrades:GroupA:1st-2ndGroupB:3rd-5thTime:July2-July6●Createthesituationsandscenes●SHOWTIME—invitefamilyandfriendstoyourFridayShowcase!●Bringasacklunchanddrinkeachday!HotComedies—$175EnteringGrade:5thTime:July23-July27●Tellajoke!Learnwhyoldjokescanbethebest!●WorkwithyourclasstoputonaComedyShowforfamilyandfriends!Acting—JustActing—$225EnteringGrades:GroupA:1st-2ndGroupB:3rd-4thTime:August4-August8●Startwiththecharacters:Whoareyou?BetheStarofyourDreams.●Workwithyourclasstocreatetheplot.SummerScenes—$225EnteringGrades:5th-6thTime:August11-August15●Doyouwanttobeanactor?●Improveyourskillswithinstructionsfromprofessionalactors&directors.1.Whichofthefollowingclassessuitsthosewholovefunnystories?A.DramaDays. B.Acting—JustActing.C.HotComedies. D.SummerScenes.2.IfyouwanttoattendShowBizSummer2023,youshouldknowthat______.A.tuitionmustbepaidbeforeJuly2B.there’llberefundsifyoumisstheclassC.registrationbeginshalfanhourbeforeclasstimeD.studentshadbetternotgoaloneonthefirstday3.Whereisthetextmostprobablytakenfrom?A.Abrochure. B.Aresearchpaper. C.Atextbook. D.Ahealthmagazine.【答案】1.C2.D3.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要是介紹了ShowBizSummer2019的課程時間和內(nèi)容安排?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章在第二種活動中提到“Tellajoke!Learnwhyoldjokescanbethebest!(講個笑話!了解為什么老笑話可能是最好的!)”以及“WorkwithyourclasstoputonaComedyShow(和你們班的同學(xué)一起表演喜劇)”可知，對funnystories感興趣可參加此項(xiàng)培訓(xùn)。故選C。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從文章中“importantinformation”部分“Pleaseaccompanystudentstothefirstdayofclass.(請陪同學(xué)生到第一天上課。)”可知，學(xué)生要求有人陪伴。故選D。【3題詳解】推理判斷題。本文在“HowToRegister”部分中提到“fillouttheformonthelastpage,blackinkonly(請用黑色墨水筆填寫最后一頁的表格)”，說明該文章是節(jié)選自一個宣傳冊子的部分內(nèi)容。故選A。BInthethirdgrade,ten-year-oldJanereadabookaboutpoaching(偷獵)theendangeredtigersandcuttingdownforestsatwill.ShetoldherfriendHoltaboutitandshereallywantedtohelpsavethetigers.Despitebeinginelementaryschool,thetwogirlshaveorganizedfundraisers(資金籌集).Duringtheirfirstyear,thegirlsraised$1,500tosavetigers.“Wewenttoazooandaskedifwecouldhelpanditbecamethishugefunthing.Weneverexpectedittogetsobig,”thegirlssaid.WhenJaneandHoltpitchedtheirideasinthezootoaskforfunds,theirtablewaspackedwithzooguestsallafternoon.Thisyear’sgoalis$2,500.WhatevertheyraisewillbematchedbytheZoologicalSocietyandallbedonated(捐贈)totheTigerProtectionFund.Ontopofhelpingtheanimal,thegirlswouldalsobeexcitedabouttheirnamestobeproudlypostedatthezoo’sentranceonasignwithotherdonors.“Ifwegetournamesonit,it’sgoingtofeellikebeingfamous,andit’sgoingtobelikeadreamcometrueforus,”Janesaid.Theysaidtheywereclosetotheirgoalandthezoocouldn’tbehappier.“Theirawarenessofwhat’shappeningtotigersandtheirwantingtoeducatepeopleonwhat’shappeningtotigersareunbelievable,”Kassner,ananimalexpert,said.“Threekindsoftigershavealreadydiedoutandtheremainingsixareallendangered.The‘TigerGirls’arebringingabigandpositiveeffectandwon’tbestoppinganytimesoon.”“I’msohappythatwe’vecomethisfar.Wecandothisnowthoughwe’reonlyfifthgradersandjustimaginewhatwecandointhefuture,”Holtsaid.4.WhatledJanetohavetheideaofsavingtigers?A.Thesupportofherschool. B.Herteacher’sencouragement.C.Thesuggestionfromherfriend. D.Herpersonalreadingexperience.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“pitched”inparagraph3mean?A.Investigated. B.Accepted. C.Publicized. D.Considered.6.WhatdoesKassnerthinkaboutthetwogirls?A.Theyhavemadeagreatdifference.B.Theysucceedinstoppingpeoplepoaching.C.Theyenablepeopletofocusonschooleducation.D.Theyrealizedthedreamofbecomingwell-known.7.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribethetwogirls?A.Proudandtraditional. B.Creativeandconfident.C.Seriousandhumorous. D.Courageousandcurious.【答案】4.D5.C6.A7.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了兩個女孩組織募捐活動幫助拯救老虎的故事?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Inthethirdgrade,ten-year-oldJanereadabookaboutpoaching(偷獵)theendangeredtigersandcuttingdownforestsatwill.ShetoldherfriendHoltaboutitandshereallywantedtohelpsavethetigers.”（三年級時，十歲的簡讀了一本關(guān)于偷獵瀕危老虎和隨意砍伐森林的書。她把這件事告訴了她的朋友霍爾特，她真的很想幫助拯救老虎。）可知，簡的個人閱讀經(jīng)歷讓她產(chǎn)生了拯救老虎的想法。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞句中“…toaskforfunds,theirtablewaspackedwithzooguestsallafternoon.”（……尋求資金時，她們的桌子上整個下午都擠滿了動物園的客人。）可知，此處為當(dāng)簡和霍爾特在動物園里提出她們的想法以尋求資金時，她們的桌子上整個下午都擠滿了動物園的客人。故可猜測劃線單詞pitched為“提出”的意思，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，C項(xiàng)Publicized“宣傳，提出”意思一致。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段““Theirawarenessofwhat’shappeningtotigersandtheirwantingtoeducatepeopleonwhat’shappeningtotigersareunbelievable,”Kassner,ananimalexpert,said.“Threekindsoftigershavealreadydiedoutandtheremainingsixareallendangered.The‘TigerGirls’arebringingabigandpositiveeffectandwon’tbestoppinganytimesoon.””（動物專家卡斯納說：“她們意識到老虎正在發(fā)生什么，她們想要教育人們老虎正在發(fā)生什么，這令人難以置信?！薄叭N老虎已經(jīng)滅絕，剩下的六種都瀕臨滅絕?！⑴ⅰ趲砭薮蠖e極的影響，而且短期內(nèi)不會停止。”）可推知，卡斯納認(rèn)為這兩個女孩帶來了很大的改變。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Despitebeinginelementaryschool,thetwogirlshaveorganizedfundraisers(資金籌集).Duringtheirfirstyear,thegirlsraised$1,500tosavetigers.“Wewenttoazooandaskedifwecouldhelpanditbecamethishugefunthing.”（盡管還在上小學(xué)，這兩個女孩已經(jīng)組織了募捐活動。在第一年，女孩們?yōu)檎壤匣⒒I集了1500美元。“我們?nèi)チ藙游飯@，問能不能幫忙，這變成了一件非常有趣的事情。）以及第四段“Ontopofhelpingtheanimal,thegirlswouldalsobeexcitedabouttheirnamestobeproudlypostedatthezoo’sentranceonasignwithotherdonors.“Ifwegetournamesonit,it’sgoingtofeellikebeingfamous,andit’sgoingtobelikeadreamcometrueforus,”Janesaid.”（除了幫助這只動物，女孩們也會為自己的名字和其他捐贈者一起自豪地貼在動物園門口的牌子上而感到興奮。簡說：“如果我們把自己的名字印在上面，那感覺就像出名了，對我們來說就像夢想成真了?！保┖妥詈笠欢巍啊癐’msohappythatwe’vecomethisfar.Wecandothisnowthoughwe’reonlyfifthgradersandjustimaginewhatwecandointhefuture,”Holtsaid.”（“我很高興我們走了這么遠(yuǎn)。雖然我們現(xiàn)在只是五年級學(xué)生，但我們可以做到這一點(diǎn)，想象一下我們將來可以做什么?！被魻柼卣f。）可推知，這兩個女孩是有創(chuàng)造力的，且十分自信的。故選B項(xiàng)。CCookingwithsteamisofgreatimportanceinChinesecuisine.It’soneofthebestwaystolocktheoriginalflavorsintheingredients.Vegetablesarehealthyandfulloffiber,andsteamingisaquickwaytocookthemwithoutusingmuchoil.Chinesecabbageisaperfectvegetabletosteam:tender,lessfibrousandmildlysweet.Thetendercabbagecanbesteameddirectlywithasimplesauceconsistingofgarlicpaste,soysauceandsugar.Rootvegetableslikesweetpotatoesarealsogreatforsteaming.Theycanbecutintothicksticksorslicesandthensteameduntilthecenterbecomessoft.Thinpiecesofcarrotscanbecoatedwithdryflourandthensteamed.Thisquickdishisusuallyservedwithgarlicpaste.Steamingfish,shrimpandcrabs,isallaboutpreservingtheoriginaltaste,sofreshnessistheabsoluteNo.1rulewhenweshopforseafoodtobesteamed.Forfinefoodfromariver,lakeorsea,theymustbefreshlycaughtthedayyoubuythem.Frozenfishisseldomsteameddirectly,becausetherecanbeastrongerfishysmellandtaste.Withalltheinternalorgansandscalesremovedandbloodcleaned,thefishispackedwithslicesofgingerandscallions(蔥)thatcanreducethefishiness.It’sthenplacedinasteamerthathasbeenpreheatedtoboil,andcookedfor8to10minutesdependingonthesizeofthefish.Thefinalstepistoplacescallionsontopofthesteamedfish.Then,inasmallpot,heatupsomeoilandpouritacrossthebodyofthefishtohelptheflavorrelease.Next,drizzle(澆)acouplespoonsofseasonedsoysauceforseafoodaroundtheplateandserve.Wheneatingthefish,it’sbesttodipitinthesauceforthesweettaste.8.Whatistheadvantageofsteamingaccordingtothepassage?A.Lowcost. B.Sweettaste. C.Shiningappearance. D.Originalflavor.9.WhichofthefollowingisNOTcorrectaccordingtothepassage?A.Chinesecabbageissuitableforsteaming.B.SteamingisoftenoneofquickwaystocookvegetablesinChina.C.Gingerandscallionscanincreasethefishiness.D.Freshfishisbetterthanfrozenfishinsteaming.10.Whatistherightorderofmakingsteamedfishaccordingtothepassage?①Cleanthefish.②Steamthefish.③Drizzlesomesauce.④Poursomehotoilontothefish.⑤Packthefishwithsomegingerandscallions.A.①②③④⑤ B.①④⑤②③ C.①⑤④③② D.①⑤②④③11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Cookingmealswithsteam. B.Cookingseafoodinanewway.C.Advantagesofcookingwithsteam. D.Tipsforcookingsomedeliciousdishes.【答案】8.D9.C10.D11.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了中國保持原汁原味的烹飪方式——蒸。【8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“CookingwithsteamisofgreatimportanceinChinesecuisine.It’soneofthebestwaystolocktheoriginalflavorsintheingredients.”（用蒸的方式烹飪在中國烹飪中非常重要。這是在配料中保持原有風(fēng)味的最佳方法之一。）可知，根據(jù)短文可知，蒸的好處是保持原有風(fēng)味。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Withalltheinternalorgansandscalesremovedandbloodcleaned,thefishispackedwithslicesofgingerandscallions(蔥)thatcanreducethefishiness.”（魚內(nèi)臟、鱗片全部去除，血水洗凈后，加入姜片和蔥片，可以減少魚腥味。）可知，姜片和蔥片可以減少魚腥味，C項(xiàng)“姜、蔥可以增加腥味?！笔清e誤的，故選C?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Withalltheinternalorgansandscalesremovedandbloodcleaned,thefishispackedwithslicesofgingerandscallionsthatcanneutralizethefishiness.It'sthenplacedinasteamerthathasbeenpreheatedtoboil,andcookedfor8to10minutesdependingonthesizeofthefish.Thefinalstepistoplacescallionsontopofthesteamedfish.Then,inasmallpot,heatupsomeoilandpouritacrossthebodyofthefishtohelptheflavorrelease.Next,drizzle(澆)acouplespoonsofseasonedsoysauceforseafoodaroundtheplateandserve.Wheneatingthefish,it'sbesttodipitinthesauceforthesweettaste.”（在去除所有內(nèi)臟和鱗片并清除血液后，魚中裝滿可以中和魚腥味的姜片和蔥片。然后將其放入蒸籠中，蒸籠預(yù)熱至沸騰，根據(jù)魚的大小烹調(diào)8至10分鐘。最后一步是把蔥放在蒸魚上面。然后，在一個小鍋里，加熱一些油，把它倒在魚身上，幫助釋放味道。接下來是在盤子周圍澆上幾勺海鮮調(diào)味醬油，即可食用。吃魚時，最好把它蘸在醬汁里，以嘗到甜味。）可知，正確的順序是①“把魚洗干凈”——⑤“在魚里放些姜和蔥”——②“蒸魚”——④“在魚上倒些熱油”——③“淋些醬汁”，故選D?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“CookingwithsteamisofgreatimportanceinChinesecuisine.It'soneofthebestwaystolocktheoriginalflavorsintheingredients.”（用蒸的方式烹飪在中國烹飪中非常重要。這是在配料中保持原有風(fēng)味的最佳方法之一。），第二段第一句“Vegetablesarehealthyandfulloffiber,andsteamingisaquickwaytocookthemwithoutusingmuchoil.”（蔬菜是健康的，富含纖維，蒸煮是一種不用太多油的快速烹飪方法。），第三段講述了蒸魚的正確順序，由此可知，文章主要介紹了中國保持原汁原味的烹飪方式——蒸。所以這篇文章最好的標(biāo)題是A項(xiàng)“用蒸的方式做飯”。故選A。DIt’sanattractiveidea:byplayingonlineproblem-solving,matchingandothergamesforafewminutesaday,peoplecanimprovesuchmentalabilitiesasreasoning,verbal(語言的)skillsandmemory.Butwhetherthesegamesdeliveronthosepromisesisupfordebate.Thisyear,inperhapsthebiggestreal-worldtestoftheseprograms,neuroscientists(神經(jīng)學(xué)家)atCanada’sWesternUniversitygathered8,563volunteersgloballythroughCambridgeBrainSciences,aToronto-basedcompanythatprovidesassessmentstomeasurehealthybrainfunction.Participantsfilledoutanonlinequestionformabouttheirtraininghabits,opinionsabouttrainingbenefitsandwhich,ifany,programtheyused.Some1,009participantsreportedusingbraintrainingprogramsforabouteightmonths,onaverage,thoughthelengthoftimerangedfromtwoweekstomorethanfiveyears.Next,thevolunteerscompleted12mentaltestsaboutmemory,reasoningandverbalskills.Whenresearcherslookedattheresults,theysawthatbraintraineesonaveragehadnomentaledgeovertheothergroupinmemory,verbalskillsandreasoning.Evenamongthosewhohadusedtrainingprogramsforatleast18months,braintrainingdidn’tboostthinkingabilitiesabovethelevelofpeoplewhodidn’tusetheprograms.“Nomatterhowwedealtwiththedata,wewereunabletofindanyevidencethatbraintrainingwasassociatedwithmentalabilities,”saysaresearcher.Thatheldtruewhethertheteamanalyzedparticipantsbyage,programused,educationoreconomicsituation-allweresimilartothegroupwhodidn’tusetheprograms.However,braintrainingmaybebeneficialwhenitisconnectedwithrealproblemsinlife,researcherssay.Therealworldmaybethebestbraintrainer.Theysuggestthatwepracticethoseskillsindifferentreal-lifesituations.“That’samuchbetteruseofone’stimethansittingatacomputeranddoinglittletasks.”12.Howwerethe1,009testparticipantsdifferentfromtheothers?A.Theycompletedmorementaltests.B.Theyshowedbettermentalabilities.C.Theyfilledanonlinequestionform.D.Theyhadbraintrainingexperiences.13.Whichofthefollowingbestreplacestheunderlinedword“edge”inparagraph3?A.Advantage. B.Power.C.Illness. D.Control.14.Whatdotheresearcherssuggestaboutbraintraining?A.Itshouldprovidescientificdata.B.Itshouldpromoteonlineprograms.C.Itshouldsettleproblemsinlife.D.Itshouldbenefitmoreresearchers.15.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthetext?A.DebateRaisedafterResearch?B.OnlineGamesBoostBrainpower?C.BiggestReal-worldTestEver?D.NewMethodforBrainTraining?【答案】12.D13.A14.C15.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文，本文主要講述了一項(xiàng)關(guān)于大腦訓(xùn)練的測驗(yàn)，結(jié)果表明，大腦訓(xùn)練對記憶力、語言技能、推理方面以及思維能力的提升沒有作用，大腦訓(xùn)練與心智能力無關(guān)。【12題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“Some1,009participantsreportedusingbraintrainingprogramsforabouteightmonths,onaverage,thoughthelengthoftimerangedfromtwoweekstomorethanfiveyears.(大約1009名參與者報告說，他們使用大腦訓(xùn)練項(xiàng)目時間平均約為8個月，盡管時間長度從兩周到五年多不等)”可知，1009個測試參與者與別人的不同之處在于他們有接受大腦訓(xùn)練的經(jīng)歷。故選D。【13題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句“Evenamongthosewhohadusedtrainingprogramsforatleast18months,braintrainingdidn’tboostthinkingabilitiesabovethelevelofpeoplewhodidn’tusetheprograms.(即使在那些使用訓(xùn)練項(xiàng)目至少18個月的人當(dāng)中，大腦訓(xùn)練對思維能力的提升也沒有超過沒有使用訓(xùn)練項(xiàng)目的人)”可知，大腦訓(xùn)練對思維能力的提升沒有作用，由此可推知，畫線詞所在句意為“當(dāng)研究人員查看結(jié)果時，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)接受大腦訓(xùn)練的人在記憶力、語言技能和推理方面平均沒有比另一組人的智力優(yōu)勢”，edge意為“優(yōu)勢”。故選A?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“However,braintrainingmaybebeneficialwhenitisconnectedwithrealproblemsinlife,researcherssay.Therealworldmaybethebestbraintrainer.Theysuggestthatwepracticethoseskillsindifferentreal-lifesituations.(然而，研究人員表示，當(dāng)大腦訓(xùn)練與生活中的實(shí)際問題有關(guān)時，它可能是有益的?，F(xiàn)實(shí)世界也許是最好的大腦訓(xùn)練器。他們建議我們在不同的現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中練習(xí)這些技能)”可知，研究人員建議大腦訓(xùn)練用于解決生活中的問題。故選C?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容，結(jié)合第一段“It’sanattractiveidea:byplayingonlineproblem-solving,matchingandothergamesforafewminutesaday,peoplecanimprovesuchmentalabilitiesasreasoning,verbal(語言的)skillsandmemory.Butwhetherthesegamesdeliveronthosepromisesisupfordebate.(這是一個很有吸引力的想法：通過每天玩幾分鐘在線解題、配對和其他游戲，人們可以提高推理、語言能力和記憶力等心理能力。但這些游戲是否能兌現(xiàn)這些承諾還有待商榷)”可知，本文主要講述了一項(xiàng)關(guān)于大腦訓(xùn)練的測驗(yàn)，結(jié)果表明，大腦訓(xùn)練對記憶力、語言技能、推理方面以及思維能力的提升沒有作用，大腦訓(xùn)練與心智能力無關(guān)。B項(xiàng)“網(wǎng)絡(luò)游戲提高智力？”適合作為文章標(biāo)題。故選B。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Theysayonceyoulearntorideabike,youneverforget.Mostofuslearnedtoridewhenwewerekids,andmanystillwearourhelmets,putourfeetonthepedals,andshootoffforarideonthestreets.Inrecenttimes,cyclinghasseenanincreaseinpopularity,somanypeopleraiseaquestion:___16___First,let’slookatthehealthbenefits.Cyclingcanimproveyourcardiovascular(心血管的)healthandburnextrabodyfat.Strengtheningyourmusclesinyourlegshelpsincreaseyourpotentialtorque(扭矩)andcadence(節(jié)奏).___17___Alongrideinthecountrysidecouldhelpyouclearyourmind,orde-stress.Butit’snotonlyaboutyourbodyandmindtherearealsosomeplussidesforyourwallet’shealth.Cyclingcanbeagreatwaytogotoworkorgetabouttown.___18___Ifyoudrivetowork,sometimesfindingsomewheretoparkcanbeanightmare,whereasfindingsomewheretochainyourbikeupcanbemuchsimpler.Then,onthesubway,therearechangesatstationsandotherpeoplewhogotoworkspeakingloudlyontheirphonestodealwith.___19___Andifyou’reworriedaboutsafety,therearedesignatedcyclelanesinmanymajorcities.Inaddition,wearinghigh-visibilityclothingisanotherwaytoimproveyoursafetywhencyclingontheroads.___20___Itcanhelpyoureduceyourcarbonfootprints.Notgivingoffgreenhousegasesintotheatmosphereisbetterfortheplanetandyourownenvironment.So,whetherpeoplewanttocyclefortheirhealth,theirwallet,theenvironment,oracombinationofallofthem—thepopularityofcyclingisontherise.A.Whatmakescyclingsoconvenient?B.Butcyclistsfaceneitheroftheseissues.C.Andpeoplewillchoosetogotoworkbycycling.D.Thiscansaveyoualotofmoneyonfuelorpublictransportation.E.Finally,cyclingcanalsobegoodfortheenvironment.F.Andthebenefitsfromcyclingaren’tjustphysical,butmentalaswell.G.Whatmakesitsoattractiveforpeopletotaketheirbikesonceagain?【答案】16.G17.F18.D19.B20.E【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。作者從健康優(yōu)勢、費(fèi)用與方便程度和環(huán)保這四個方面介紹了騎自行車出行的好處?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Inrecenttimes,cyclinghasseenanincreaseinpopularity,somanypeopleraiseaquestion(最近，騎自行車越來越受歡迎，所以很多人提出了一個問題)”以及下文對騎自行車出行的好處的介紹可知，本句應(yīng)選擇一個問句，針對騎自行車受歡迎提問。故G項(xiàng)“是什么如此吸引人們再一次騎上他們的自行車呢？”承上啟下，符合語境。故選G?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文“First,let’slookatthehealthbenefits.Cyclingcanimproveyourcardiovascular(心血管的)healthandburnextrabodyfat.Strengtheningyourmusclesinyourlegshelpsincreaseyourpotentialtorque(扭矩)andcadence(節(jié)奏).(首先，讓我們看看它對健康的好處。騎自行車可以改善你的心血管健康，燃燒多余的脂肪。加強(qiáng)腿部肌肉有助于增加你的潛在扭矩和節(jié)奏)”以及后文“Alongrideinthecountrysidecouldhelpyouclearyourmind,orde-stress.(在鄉(xiāng)下長途騎行可以幫助你理清思路，或減壓)”可知，此處應(yīng)是講述騎自行車對心理健康的好處。F項(xiàng)“而且，騎自行車的好處不僅僅是身體上的，還有精神上的?！焙魬?yīng)上下文，符合語境。故選F?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Cyclingcanbeagreatwaytogotoworkorgetabouttown.(騎自行車是上班或進(jìn)城的好方法)”表明騎自行車是上班和在城市中四處閑逛的一種不錯的出行方式，因此空處應(yīng)是在解釋為什么騎自行車是一種不錯的出行方式。D項(xiàng)“這可以為你省下一大筆油錢或花在公共交通上的錢。”符合語境，其中的This指的是上文提到的騎自行車上班或在城市中四處閑逛。故選D?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Ifyoudrivetowork,sometimesfindingsomewheretoparkcanbeanightmare,whereasfindingsomewheretochainyourbikeupcanbemuchsimpler.Then,onthesubway,therearechangesatstationsandotherpeoplewhogotoworkspeakingloudlyontheirphonestodealwith.(如果你開車去上班，有時找個地方停車可能是一場噩夢，而找個地方把你的自行車拴起來可能要簡單得多。然后，在地鐵上，車站有變化，其他上班的人大聲打電話來應(yīng)對)”提到了開車和坐地鐵去上班會出現(xiàn)的問題，故B項(xiàng)“但騎自行車的人不會面臨這兩個問題。”與上文形成對比，強(qiáng)調(diào)騎自行車上班的好處，符合語境。故選B?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Itcanhelpyoureduceyourcarbonfootprints.Notgivingoffgreenhousegasesintotheatmosphereisbetterfortheplanetandyourownenvironment.(它可以幫助你減少碳足跡。不向大氣中排放溫室氣體對地球和我們自己的環(huán)境都更好)”可知，本段主要講述的是騎自行車對環(huán)境的好處。故E項(xiàng)“最后，騎自行車對環(huán)境也有好處?！狈险Z境。故選E。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共三節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出可填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。SeveralmonthsagoIvolunteeredatahospital.OnedayIwasassignedtodischarge(安排出院）apatient.Shehappenedtobeaphysicallyandmentally___21___youngwomanwhowaslimitedtoawheelchair.Shewas___22___inherlatetwentiesorearlythirties,butitwasdifficultto___23___AsIwas___24___heroffthefloor,downtheelevator,andoutofthefronthall,Icouldn't___25___thinking,"OhmyGod,herparentsmustbeso___26___.She'sinreallybadshape.Whatashame!Shemustneedconstant___27___,andwilllikelyrequireitfortherestofherlife."IfIwereherfather,Iwouldbeterriblyfrustrated.Then,asIcametotheareawherefamilyandfriends___28___dischargedpatients,Isawamanwhonoticedusandbeganwalkingquicklytowardsus.Ashegotcloser,hiseyesbecamebrightandhe___29___,saying,"Patricia,youlooksolovelytoday!You'refinallycominghome.Wecan't____30____tohaveyoubackhome!Wemissyousomuch!"Hecarefullyplacedhisdaughterinhiscar,saidthankyou,anddroveoff.Iwas____31____.MyeyesbegantofillwithtearsandIjuststoodthereforafewminutes,tryingtoprocesswhathadjust____32____.ThenIbegantothink,"WhathadImissedthere?HowcouldIhavebeensowrongaboutthefather?WhydidheandIhavesuchdifferent____33____towardshisdaughter?"IttookmedaystocomprehendwhatI'dfailedtounderstandwhenIwasevaluatingtheyoungwomanandherfather.NowIknowthetrue____34____ofunconditionallove,andwheneverIdealwithotherchildren's____35____,I'llthinkofPatriciaandherdad.21.A.healthy B.talented C.disabled D.tired22.A.obviously B.probably C.extremely D.absolutely23.A.accept B.express C.overcome D.tell24.A.leaving B.stopping C.wheeling D.running25.A.help B.admit C.allow D.mind26.A.happy B.bored C.disappointed D.proud27.A.discussion B.hope C.direction D.care28.A.lookafter B.dealwith C.seeoff D.pickup29.A.cried B.smiled C.shouted D.jumped30.A.prepare B.afford C.wait D.expect31.A.satisfied B.amazed C.pleased D.frightened32.A.arrived B.required C.disappeared D.happened33.A.opinions B.attitudes C.forms D.impressions34.A.importance B.strategy C.meaning D.ability35.A.adventures B.achievements C.processes D.shortcomings【答案】21.C22.B23.D24.C25.A26.C27.D28.D29.B30.C31.B32.D33.B34.C35.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者在做志愿者時的見聞，對一位父親快樂地接走自己身心殘疾的女兒所產(chǎn)生的感悟?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她碰巧是一個身心殘疾的年輕女子，只能坐在輪椅上。A.healthy健康的；B.talented有天賦的；C.disabled殘疾的；D.tired疲勞的。根據(jù)后文“whowaslimitedtoawheelchair”可知，這是一位殘疾的女子。故選C項(xiàng)【22題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：她大概二十多歲或者三十出頭，但是很難說。A.obviously明顯的；B.probably很可能地，大概；C.extremely及其，非常；D.absolutely絕對的。因?yàn)樽髡咦鳛橹驹刚?，對病人并不是詳?xì)的了解，只是通過觀察猜測，所以用“很可能；大概”。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她大概二十多歲或者三十出頭，但是很難說。A.accept接受；B.express表達(dá)；C.overcome克服；D.tell告訴，判斷。因?yàn)樽髡咦鳛橹驹刚撸瑢Σ∪瞬⒉皇窃敿?xì)了解，只是通過觀察猜測，所以說“很難判斷”。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我推著她離開樓層，下電梯，走出前廳時，我禁不住想……A.leaving離開；B.stopping停止：C.wheeling推（拉）有輪之物，用有輪之物推（拉）動；D.running。根據(jù)前文“whowaslimitedtoawheelchair”可知，女子坐在輪椅里，所以是“推（輪椅）”使她離開。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我推著她離開地板，下電梯，走出前廳時，我禁不住想……A.help幫助；B.admit承認(rèn)；C.allow允許；D.mind介意。can’thelp加動名詞意為“禁不住做某事”，符合句意。故選A項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：哦，天哪，她的父母一定很失望。A.happy高興，快樂；B.bored厭煩的；C.disappointed失望的；D.proud驕傲的。根據(jù)后文“She'sinreallybadshape.Whatashame!Shemustneedconstant___7___,andwilllikelyrequireitfortherestofherlife.”可知，作者判斷她的父母一定會很失望。故選C項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她必須得到持續(xù)的照顧，而且很可能在她的余生都需要這樣的照顧。A.discussion討論；B.hope希望；C.direction方向；D.care照顧。根據(jù)上文“She'sinreallybadshape.”以及前文描述可知，這女子殘疾，狀況非常糟糕，可以推斷，她需要長期照顧。故選D項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查動詞短語詞義辨析。句意：然后，當(dāng)我來到家人和朋友接出院病人的地方時，我看到一個男人注意到了我們，開始朝我們快步走來。A.lookafter照顧，照看；B.dealwith處理；C.seeoff送別；D.pickup撿起，（開車）去接。根據(jù)“dischargedpatients,”及常識可知，作者作為志愿者把病人交給家人，所以，作者把病人送到接出院病人的地方。故選D項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)他走近時，他的眼睛變得明亮，他微笑著說:“Patricia，你今天看起來真可愛！你終于要回家了……”A.cried哭喊；B.smiled微笑；C.shouted喊叫；D.jumped跳。根據(jù)前文“hiseyesbecamebright”以及后文父親所說的話“youlooksolovelytoday!”等可知，父親是“微笑著”的。故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我們等不及讓你回家了！A.prepare準(zhǔn)備；B.afford負(fù)擔(dān)得起；C.wait等待；D.expect預(yù)料，期望。根據(jù)前文“You'refinallycominghome.”以及后文“Wemissyousomuch!”可知，父親的意思是“等不及盼女兒回家”。故選C項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我很驚訝。A.satisfied滿意的；B.amazed吃驚的，驚訝的；C.pleased高興的；D.frightened害怕的。根據(jù)后文“HowcouldIhavebeensowrongaboutthefather?WhydidheandIhavesuchdifferent___13___towardshisdaughter?”可知，殘疾女子的父親的言行和作者原來想的有如此大反差，所以作者是“驚訝的”。故選B項(xiàng)。【32題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我的眼睛開始充滿了淚水，我只是站在那里幾分鐘，努力反思剛才發(fā)生的事情。A.arrived到達(dá)；B.required要求；C.disappeared消失；D.happened發(fā)生。作者被剛剛發(fā)生的事兒感動了，這里應(yīng)指“剛剛發(fā)生的事兒”故選D項(xiàng)。【33題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然后我開始思考，“我錯過了什么？我怎么原來會對孩子的父親有如此錯誤的認(rèn)識呢？為什么他和我對他的女兒的態(tài)度如此不同呢?”A.opinions意見；B.attitudes態(tài)度；C.forms形式；D.impressions印象。作者作為志愿者推著病人產(chǎn)生的思考和女子父親接女兒回家的言行，都是對殘疾女子的“態(tài)度”。故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在我懂得了無條件的愛的真正含義，每當(dāng)我看待其他孩子的缺點(diǎn)時，我就會想起Patricia和她的爸爸。A.importance重要；B.strategy策略；C.meaning意義，含義，意思；D.ability能力。根據(jù)unconditionallove“”作者經(jīng)過這件事，反思了數(shù)天，最終理解了無條件的愛的真正“含義”。故選C項(xiàng)。【35題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在我懂得了無條件的愛的真正含義，每當(dāng)我看待其他孩子的缺點(diǎn)時，我就會想起Patricia和她的爸爸。A.adventures冒險；B.achievements成就；C.processes進(jìn)步；D.shortcomings缺點(diǎn)。因?yàn)樽髡咚娛且晃桓赣H快樂的接受身心殘疾的女兒的感人故事，所以此處指，處理孩子“缺點(diǎn)”時，就會想起那位父親。故選D