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TableofContents
Introduction.........................................................................................................................................................II
RiskAssessmentGuidelineforNuclearInsuranceSurvey.................................................................................1
1Scope..........................................................................................................................................................................1
2TerminologiesandDefinitions...................................................................................................................................1
3GeneralFrameworkofNuclearInsuranceRiskAssessment.....................................................................................1
4NuclearInsuranceRiskAssessmentMethods............................................................................................................3
5NuclearInsuranceRiskAssessmentReport...............................................................................................................4
Bibliography........................................................................................................................................................6
I
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Introduction
ThestandardsaredraftedaccordingtotherulesofGB/T1.1-2009.
ThestandardsareformulatedandadministeredbyIAC.
Draftedby:ChinaProperty&CasualtyReinsuranceCompanyLtd.,PICCProperty&CasualtyCompany
LTD.,ChinaPacificPropertyInsuranceCo.,Ltd.,PingAnProperty&CasualtyInsuranceCompanyofChina,
Ltd.
Principaldrafter(s):LiuYubo,JiangPing,AnJiangtao,LiangSongbo,WangXin,LiShenglan,Wang
Honghai,FengJia,LiuShengyang,LiQiang.
II
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RiskAssessmentGuidelineforNuclearInsuranceSurvey
1Scope
Thestandardshereincontainprovisionswithregardtothegeneralframework,modulesandproceduresforthe
riskassessmentofcivilnuclearfacilitiesthatarecurrentlyunderoperationorareabouttobeputinto
operation.
Thestandardsareapplicabletonuclearinsuranceriskassessmentthatareconductedbyinsurance
professionalsoncivilnuclearfacilities.Thestandardscanbeusedasreferencetothenuclearinsurancerisk
assessmentofradioactivesources.
2TerminologiesandDefinitions
Thefollowingterminologiesanddefinitionsareapplicabletothestandardsherein.
2.1CivilNuclearFacilities
Civilnuclearfacilitiesrefertoallnuclearreactorsandassembliesthatareusedfornon-militarypurposes
includingnuclearpowerplants,nuclearthermalpowerplants,nucleargasandheatingsupplyplants,other
reactorssuchasresearchreactors,experimentalreactorsandcriticalassemblies,nuclearfuelrecycling
facilities,andfacilitiesthatareusedforthetreatment,storageanddisposalofradioactivewastes.
2.2NuclearInsurance
Nuclearinsurancereferstopropertyinsurancetocovercivilnuclearfacilitiesnuclearrisks.
2.3NuclearRisk
2.4Nuclearriskreferstoanyriskarisesoutoforresultsfromionizingradiationemittedbyanysourceof
radiationinsideanuclearinstallation,oremittedfromnuclearfuelorradioactiveproductsorwastein,orof
nuclearmaterialcomingfrom,originatingin,orsentto,anuclearinstallation,whethersoarisingfromthe
radioactivepropertiesofsuchmatter,orfromacombinationofradioactivepropertieswithtoxic,explosiveor
otherhazardouspropertiesofsuchmatter.RiskAssessment
Riskassessmentreferstotheprocesstogivefullconsiderationoftheprobabilityofrisksandtheextentof
lossesonthebasisofriskidentificationandriskestimationandwithreferencetootherfactors,andtocompare
withgoodpracticesandgeneralindexesoftheindustrysoastomeasuretheextentoftheriskanddecideon
relevantstepstobetaken.
3GeneralFrameworkofNuclearInsuranceRiskAssessment
Nuclearinsuranceriskassessmentreferstotheriskappraisalandtechnicalevaluationthatareconductedin
differentareassuchassiteconditions,organizationalmanagement,safetyculture,operationandoperating
1
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experience,training,radiationprotection,industrialsafety,equipmentperformance,conditionsand
configurationmanagement,maintainence,technicalsupport,chemistry,fireprotection,andemergency
preparedness,withreferencetothehighestinternationalstandardsoftheindustry,thegeneralperformance
indexes,andthegoodpractices,andonthebasisofoperatingexperiencesderivedfromhistoricalinsurer
compensationevents,andfromtheperspectivesof"insurancetopreventdisastersandreducelosses".
3.1NuclearInsuranceRiskAssessmentPurposes
a)Toprovidetechnicalsupportandofferadvicetounderwriting,andtohelpunderwriteridentifyand
controlrisks.
b)Toofferriskmanagementadviceandintroduceinternationalgoodpracticesandoperating
experiencesinvariousareastotheinsuredorthepotentialinsured,andtoassisttheinsuredorthe
potentialinsuredtoimproveriskmanagementandenhancesafeoperationstandardfromthe
perspectiveof"insurancetopreventdisastersandreducelosses".
3.2NuclearInsuranceRiskAssessmentSubjects
3.2.1NuclearPowerPlants
Onprinciple,assembliesthatareonthesamesiteandarebuiltinthesameperiodorofthesametypeshallbe
categorizedintothesamenuclearinsuranceriskassessmentunit.Forreactorsthatarebuiltindifferentperiods
orhavedifferenttypesofnuclearassemblies,thescopeofnuclearinsuranceriskassessmentmaybedecided
uponwiththeinsuredorthepotentialinsuredaccordingtoNo.12InstructionontheMethodstoCategorizeRisk
UnitsforPropertyInsurance:TheOperatingPeriodofNuclearPowerStationasissuedbytheregulating
authorities.
3.2.2CivilNuclearFacilitiesotherthantheNuclearPowerPlants
Onprinciple,thenuclearfacilitesthatareonthesamesiteandarebuiltforthesamepurposeorforthesame
functionshallbecategorizedintothesamenuclearinsuranceriskassessmentunit.Fornuclearfacilitiesthat
havenuclearassembliesofavarietyoftypesandfunctions,thescopeofnuclearinsuranceriskassessment
maybedecideduponwiththeinsuredorthepotentialinsured.
3.3NuclearInsuranceRiskAssessmentPeriod
3.3.1NuclearPowerPlants
a)Foranynuclearpowerplantthatisabouttobeputintooperation,nuclearinsuranceriskassessment
mustbeconductedbeforeitsfirstfuelloading.
b)Foranynuclearpowerplantthatisalreadyunderoperation,nuclearinsuranceriskassessmentmust
beconductedonaregularbasis.Onprinciple,theperiodofnuclearinsuranceriskassessmentisas
follows:
InternationalNuclearInsuranceRiskAssessmentperiod:onceeveryfourorfiveyears;
DomesticNuclearInsuranceRiskAssessmentperiod:onceayear.Combinewhenthetwoprocesses
occursimultaneously.
3.3.2CivilNuclearFacilitiesotherthantheNuclearPowerPlants
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Onprinciple,nuclearinsuranceriskassessmentmustbecarriedoutonceeverytwoyearsowingtothe
complexityofthistypeofnuclearfacilities.Theexactnuclearinsuranceriskassessmentperiodshallbeagreed
uponafterdiscussionwiththeinsured.
3.4NuclearInsuranceRiskAssessmentAreas
Normally,nuclearinsuranceriskassessmentisconductedinthreeareas:NuclearSafety,Operations&
Third-PartyLiability,MachineryBreakdown,andFireProtection.
3.4.1DetailsofNuclearInsuranceRiskAssessmentAreas
a)NuclearSafety,Operations&Third-PartyLiability:chieflyincludesiteconditions(includingnatural
risksandartificialrisks),managementandoperation,nuclearsafetymanagement,nuclearsafety
culture,andoff-sitethird-partyliabilities.
b)MachineryBreakdown:chieflyincludemajorproblemsandmodificationinformationdiscovered
fromthebasicinformation,failurelogs,maintenancerecords,andmaintainingprocessesabout
majormachineryandelectricalequipment.
c)FireProtection:chieflyincludetheorganizationandmanagement,combustiblecontrol,zoningof
fireprotectionareasandbuildingfirepreventionmeasures,fireprotectionsystemdesignand
maintenance,firebrigadedevelopment,fireprotectionforspecialriskareas,andfireprotection
considerationsfornuclearrisks.
3.4.2ChoiceofNuclearInsuranceRiskAssessmentAreas
Oneormoreareasmaybechosenforeachnuclearinsuranceriskassessment.Theexactcoverageofthe
nuclearinsuranceriskassessmentshallalignwiththatoftheinsurance.
3.5NuclearInsuranceRiskAssessmentSurveyors
Inlightoftheparticularityofcivilnuclearfacilities,thesurveyorsshouldhavequalificationsormustbe
professionallycompetent,andnuclearinsuranceriskassessmentshouldbeconductedinstrictaccordancewith
theregulationsofcivilnuclearfacilitiesoperaters.Thesurveyorsshouldabidebytherulesofconfidentiality,
andshouldmakesurethatthefiles,documentsandotherinformatioinprovidedbycivilnuclearfacilities
operatershouldbeusedforthenuclearinsuranceriskassessmentpurposesonly,andthattheconfidentialityof
alltheinformationincludingthenuclearinsuranceriskassessmentreportitselfshouldnotbecompromisedin
theusingandtransmitingprocess.
4NuclearInsuranceRiskAssessmentMethods
Thenuclearinsuranceriskassessmentcanbeconductedviaquestionairs,documentreview,technical
interviewsandsiteinspections.
4.1NuclearInsuranceRiskAssessmentProcedures
Nuclearinsuranceriskassessmentprocedureschieflyincludethefollowing:
a)Makingpre-surveypreparations;
b)Conductingsiterisksurveys;
c)Draftingnuclearinsuranceriskassessmentreport.
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4.2NuclearInsuranceRiskAssessmentrequirements
4.2.1Pre-surveypreparations
4.2.1.1Discussingwiththeinsuredorthepotentialinsuredtoagreeonthetime,scope,detailsofthe
nuclearinsuranceriskassessmentanddecideonsuchissuesascounterpartsandagenda.
4.2.1.2Collectingdata
Issuingquestionairsandcollectingnecessarydata.Thedatatobecollectedchieflyincludebutarenotlimited
tothefollowing:
a)Profileabouttheoperator;
b)Profileaboutthecivilnuclearfacilities;
c)Profileaboutthecivilnuclearfacilities’majorequipment;
d)Profileaboutthecivilnuclearfacilities’fireprotection;
4.2.2SiteRiskSurvey
Nuclearinsuranceriskassessmentsurveyorscanbeclassifiedintothreeteams,namely,theteamofNuclear
Safety,Operations&Third-PartyLiability,theteamofMachineryBreakdownandtheteamofFireProtection.
Ifnecessary,aseparateteamofnuclearsafetyculturecanbeinstituted.Eachteamshallconducttherisk
surveyaccordingtothestandardandguideviadocumentreview,technicalinterviews,siteinspection,among
others.
4.2.3DiscussionsonRiskImprovementSuggestions
Nuclearinsuranceriskassessmentteamsshallholddiscussionswiththecivilnuclearfacilitiesoperaterabout
riskimprovementsuggestions.Ifimprovementshavebeenmadeandareregardedassatisfactorybythe
Insured,suchsuggestionsshouldbeclosed.
5NuclearInsuranceRiskAssessmentReport
5.1ContentsoftheNuclearInsuranceRiskAssessmentReport
Thenuclearinsuranceriskassessmentreportshouldincludesubjectprofile,subjectriskanalysis,resultsofrisk
survey,andriskimprovementsuggestions.
5.1.1SubjectProfile
SubjectProfileincludesbutisnotlimitedtothecivilnuclearfacilities'slocation,facilitytype,designedsize,
constructionperiodandoperationperiod,siteconditions,adjacentpopulationandeconomicstandardsaswell
astheequitystructure,organizationstructure,andhumanresourcesoftheoperater.
5.1.2SubjectRiskAnalysis
Subjectriskanalysisshallcoverthecivilnuclearfacilities'smajorrisksources,risktypesandriskhistory.
5.1.3NuclearInsuranceRiskAssessmentResults
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Thenuclearinsuranceriskassessmentreportshallofferqualitativeorquantitativeevaluationofthecivil
nuclearfacilities'snuclearinsurancerisks.
5.1.4RiskImprovementSuggestions
a)Thenuclearinsuranceriskassessmentreportshallproposeriskimprovementmeasuresinlightofthe
identifiedconcernsthatmayweakenthecivilnuclearfacilities’overallrisk-resistantcapabilities.
Theriskimprovementsuggestionsmustbeabletoassisttheinsuredorthepotentialinsuredto
improveriskcontrolcapabilitiesandenhancesafecontrolperformancefromtheperspectiveof
"insurancetopreventdisasterandreducelossesandinreferencetotheoperatingexperiencesandthe
internationalgoodpracticesforthatarea.
b)Theriskimprovementsuggestionsshouldbegradedaccordingtothegravityofthepotential
consequencesoftheriskandtheamountofexpensesthathavetobespentontheimprovement.
5.2SubmissionofNuclearInsuranceRiskAssessmentReport
Uponconclusionofthesitesurvey,therisksurveyorteamsshallsubmitannuclearinsuranceriskassessment
reporttotheinsuredorthepotentialinsuredwithinagivenlimitoftime.Uponreceiptofthenuclearinsurance
riskassessmentreport,theinsuredorthepotentialinsuredshallconductinternalsurveysinaccordancewith
theriskimprovementsuggestions,andshallprovidewrittenfeedbackstothenuclearinsuranceriskassessment
teamswithinasetlimitoftime.
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Bibliography
1.AReplytotheIssueofCompensationLiabilitiesforNuclearAccidents;StateCouncilLetterNo.
[2007]64,
2.LawofthePeople’sRepublicofChinaonNuclearSafety,1Jan.2018;
3.No.12InstructionontheMethodstoCategorizeRiskUnitsforPropertyInsurance:TheOperating
PeriodofNuclearPowerStation.InsuranceSupervisionRelease[2007]No.36;
4.CONVENTIONONSUPPLEMENTARYCOMPENSATIONFORNUCLEARDAMAGE.IAEA
INFCIRC/567
_________________________________
6
ICS03.060
A11
IAC
TheStandardsoftheInsuranceAssociationofChina
T/IACXXXX—XXXX
RiskAssessmentGuidelineforNuclear
InsuranceSurvey
(DraftVersion)
T/IACXXXX
RiskAssessmentGuidelineforNuclearInsuranceSurvey
1Scope
Thestandardshereincontainprovisionswithregardtothegeneralframework,modulesandproceduresforthe
riskassessmentofcivilnuclearfacilitiesthatarecurrentlyunderoperationorareabouttobeputinto
operation.
Thestandardsareapplicabletonuclearinsuranceriskassessmentthatareconductedbyinsurance
professionalsoncivilnuclearfacilities.Thestandardscanbeusedasreferencetothenuclearinsurancerisk
assessmentofradioactivesources.
2TerminologiesandDefinitions
Thefollowingterminologiesanddefinitionsareapplicabletothestandardsherein.
2.1CivilNuclearFacilities
Civilnuclearfacilitiesrefertoallnuclearreactorsandassembliesthatareusedfornon-militarypurposes
includingnuclearpowerplants,nuclearthermalpowerplants,nucleargasandheatingsupplyplants,other
reactorssuchasresearchreactors,experimentalreactorsandcriticalassemblies,nuclearfuelrecycling
facilities,andfacilitiesthatareusedforthetreatment,storageanddisposalofradioactivewastes.
2.2NuclearInsurance
Nuclearinsurancereferstopropertyinsurancetocovercivilnuclearfacilitiesnuclearrisks.
2.3NuclearRisk
2.4Nuclearriskreferstoanyriskarisesoutoforresultsfromionizingradiationemittedbyanysourceof
radiationinsideanuclearinstallation,oremittedfromnuclearfuelorradioactiveproductsorwastein,orof
nuclearmaterialcomingfrom,originatingin,orsentto,anuclearinstallation,whethersoarisingfromthe
radioactivepropertiesofsuchmatter,orfromacombinationofradioactivepropertieswithtoxic,explosiveor
otherhazardouspropertiesofsuchmatter.RiskAssessment
Riskassessmentreferstotheprocesstogivefullconsiderationoftheprobabilityofrisksandtheextentof
lossesonthebasisofriskidentificationandriskestimationandwithreferencetootherfactors,andtocompare
withgoodpracticesandgeneralindexesoftheindustrysoastomeasuretheextentoftheriskanddecideon
relevantstepstobetaken.
3GeneralFrameworkofNuclearInsuranceRiskAssessment
Nuclearinsuranceriskassessmentreferstotheriskappraisalandtechnicalevaluationthatareconductedin
differentareassuchassiteconditions,organizationalmanagement,safetyculture,operationandoperating
1
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experience,training,radiationprotection,industrialsafety,equipmentperformance,conditionsand
configurationmanagement,maintainence,technicalsupport,chemistry,fireprotection,andemergency
preparedness,withreferencetothehighestinternationalstandardsoftheindustry,thegeneralperformance
indexes,andthegoodpractices,andonthebasisofoperatingexperiencesderivedfromhistoricalinsurer
compensationevents,andfromtheperspectivesof"insurancetopreventdisastersandreducelosses".
3.1NuclearInsuranceRiskAssessmentPurposes
a)Toprovidetechnicalsupportandofferadvicetounderwriting,andtohelpunderwriteridentifyand
controlrisks.
b)Toofferriskmanagementadviceandintroduceinternationalgoodpracticesandoperating
experiencesinvariousareastotheinsuredorthepotentialinsured,andtoassisttheinsuredorthe
potentialinsuredtoimproveriskmanagementandenhancesafeoperationstandardfromthe
perspectiveof"insurancetopreventdisastersandreducelosses".
3.2NuclearInsuranceRiskAssessmentSubjects
3.2.1NuclearPowerPlants
Onprinciple,assembliesthatareonthesamesiteandarebuiltinthesameperiodorofthesametypeshallbe
categorizedintothesamenuclearinsuranceriskassessmentunit.Forreactorsthatarebuiltindifferentperiods
orhavedifferenttypesofnuclearassemblies,thescopeofnuclearinsuranceriskassessmentmaybedecided
uponwiththeinsuredorthepotentialinsuredaccordingtoNo.12InstructionontheMethodstoCategorizeRisk
UnitsforPropertyInsurance:TheOperatingPeriodofNuclearPowerStationasissuedbytheregulating
authorities.
3.2.2CivilNuclearFacilitiesotherthantheNuclearPowerPlants
Onprinciple,thenuclearfacilitesthatareonthesamesiteandarebuiltforthesamepurposeorforthesame
functionshallbecategorizedintothesamenuclearinsuranceriskassessmentunit.Fornuclearfacilitiesthat
havenuclearassembliesofavarietyoftypesandfunctions,thescopeofnuclearinsuranceriskassessment
maybedecideduponwiththeinsuredorthepotentialinsured.
3.3NuclearInsuranceRiskAssessmentPeriod
3.3.1NuclearPowerPlants
a)Foranynuclearpowerplantthatisabouttobeputintooperation,nuclearinsuranceriskassessment
mustbeconductedbeforeitsfirstfuelloading.
b)Foranynuclearpowerplantthatisalreadyunderoperation,nuclearinsuranceriskassessmentmust
beconductedonaregularbasis.Onprinciple,theperiodofnuclearinsuranceriskassessmentisas
follows:
InternationalNuclearInsuranceRiskAssessmentperiod:onceeveryfourorfiveyears;
DomesticNuclearInsuranceRiskAssessmentperiod:onceayear.Combinewhenthetwoprocesses
occursimultaneously.
3.3.2CivilNuclearFacilitiesotherthantheNuclearPowerPlants
2
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Onprinciple,nuclearinsuranceriskassessmentmustbecarriedoutonceeverytwoyearsowingtothe
complexityofthistypeofnuclearfacilities.Theexactnuclearinsuranceriskassessmentperiodshallbeagreed
uponafterdiscussionwiththeinsured.
3.4NuclearInsuranceRiskAssessmentAreas
Normally,nuclearinsuranceriskassessmentisconductedinthreeareas:NuclearSafety,Operations&
Third-PartyLiability,MachineryBreakdown,andFireProtection.
3.4.1DetailsofNuclearInsuranceRiskAssessmentAreas
a)NuclearSafety,Operations&Third-PartyLiability:chieflyincludesiteconditions(includingnatural
risksandartificialrisks),managementandoperation,nuclearsafetymanagement,nuclearsafety
culture,andoff-sitethird-partyliabilities.
b)MachineryBreakdown:chieflyincludemajorproblemsandmodificationinformationdiscovered
fromthebasicinformation,failurelogs,maintenancerecords,andmaintainingprocessesabout
majormachineryandelectricalequipment.
c)FireProtection:chieflyincludetheorganizationandmanagement,combustiblecontrol,zoningof
fireprotectionareasandbuildingfirepreventionmeasures,fireprotectionsystemdesignand
maintenance,firebrigadedevelopment,fireprotectionforspecialriskareas,andfireprotection
considerationsfornuclearrisks.
3.4.2ChoiceofNuclearInsuranceRiskAssessmentAreas
Oneormoreareasmaybechosenforeachnuclearinsuranceriskassessment.Theexactcoverageofthe
nuclearinsuranceriskassessmentshallalignwiththatoftheinsurance.
3.5NuclearInsuranceRiskAssessmentSurveyors
Inlightoftheparticularityofcivilnuclearfacilities,thesurveyorsshouldhavequalificationsormustbe
professionallycompetent,andnuclearinsuranceriskassessmentshouldbeconductedinstrictaccordancewith
theregulationsofcivilnuclearfacilitiesoperaters.Thesurveyorsshouldabidebytherulesofconfidentiality,
andshouldmakesurethatthefiles,documentsandotherinformatioinprovidedbycivilnuclearfacilities
operatershouldbeusedforthenuclearinsuranceriskassessmentpurposesonly,andthattheconfidentialityof
alltheinformationincludingthenuclearinsuranceriskassessmentreportitselfshouldnotbecompromisedin
theusingandtransmitingprocess.
4NuclearInsuranceRiskAssessmentMethods
Thenuclearinsuranceriskassessmentcanbeconductedviaquestionairs,documentreview,technical
interviewsandsiteinspections.
4.1NuclearInsuranceRiskAssessmentProcedures
Nuclearinsuranceriskassessmentprocedureschieflyincludethefollowing:
a)Makingpre-surveypreparations;
b)Conductingsiterisksurveys;
c)Draftingnuclearinsuranceriskassessmentreport.
3
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4.2NuclearInsuranceRiskAssessmentrequirements
4.2.1Pre-surveypreparations
4.2.1.1Discussingwiththeinsuredorthepotentialinsuredtoagreeonthetime,scope,detailsofthe
nuclearinsuranceriskassessmentanddecideonsuchissuesascounterpartsandagenda.
4.2.1.2Collectingdata
Issuingquestionairsandcollectingnecessarydata.Thedatatobecollectedchieflyincludebutarenotlimited
tothefollowing:
a)Profileabouttheoperator;
b)Profileaboutthecivilnuclearfacilities;
c)Profileaboutthecivilnuclearfacilities’majorequipment;
d)Profileaboutthecivilnuclearfacilities’fireprotection;
4.2.2SiteRiskSurvey
Nuclearinsuranceriskassessmentsurveyorscanbeclassifiedintothreeteams,namely,theteamofNuclear
Safety,Operations&Third-PartyLiability,theteamofMachineryBreakdownandtheteamofFireProtection.
Ifnecessary,aseparateteamofnuclearsafetyculturecanbeinstituted.Eachteamshallconducttherisk
surveyaccordingtothestandardandguideviadocumentreview,technicalinterviews,siteinspection,among
others.
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