2021新高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)學(xué)案必修5Unit1Greatscientists

Unit1Greatscientists1．physicistn.物理學(xué)家2.astronomern.天文學(xué)家3．chemistn.化學(xué)家；藥劑師4.technologistn.技術(shù)專家5．mathematiciann.數(shù)學(xué)家6.biologistn.生物學(xué)家7．inventorn.發(fā)明家8.geographern.地理學(xué)家9．zoologistn.動(dòng)物學(xué)家10.botanistn.植物學(xué)家11．certificaten.證明；證(明)書12．qualificationn.資格；學(xué)歷13．qualifyvt.&v14．inventvt.發(fā)明；創(chuàng)造15．qualifiedadj.有資格的16．responsibilityn.責(zé)任；負(fù)責(zé)17．undertakevt.承擔(dān)；從事；負(fù)責(zé)18．chargevt.負(fù)責(zé)；主管1．beproudof/takepridein以……為豪2．can'thelpbutdo不得不做3．humanbeing人4．inanutshell簡(jiǎn)言之5．conquertheuniverse征服宇宙6．onthewhole大體上；基本上7．rightaway立刻；馬上8．inspiteof不管9．oneafteranother一個(gè)接一個(gè)地10．onaverage平均起來(lái)1．Modernmedicineprolongspeople'slifeandrelievespatientsofsufferingfrommanydiseases.現(xiàn)代醫(yī)學(xué)延長(zhǎng)了人們的生命，減輕了患者許多的疾病痛苦。2．Technologyisthefoundationofourdailylifeandbutforit,themoderncivilizationwouldn'thavebeenbuiltup.科技是我們?nèi)粘Ｉ畹幕A(chǔ)，沒(méi)有科技，就沒(méi)有現(xiàn)代文明。3．Infact,solittledoweknowabouttheuniversethatwearenotevenawarehowitcameintobeing.事實(shí)上，我們對(duì)宇宙知之甚少以至我們甚至不知道它是如何形成的。1．Wealllook_forward_tothedaywhenthescientistscandiscovermoresecretsoftheuniverse.我們都期盼著科學(xué)家們能發(fā)現(xiàn)更多的宇宙秘密的那一天。2．Hiseyeswerered.It_was_obvious_thathehadbeenworkingtoohard.他的眼睛紅了，顯然前一段時(shí)間他工作太緊張了。3．Inhissparetime,thescientistentertained_himself_withhisviolininhissimplehome.在業(yè)余時(shí)間，這位科學(xué)家在自己簡(jiǎn)樸的家中以小提琴自?shī)?。教材單詞寫準(zhǔn)并記牢Ⅰ.重點(diǎn)單詞1．defeatvt.打?。粦?zhàn)勝；使受挫n.失敗2．expertadj.熟練的；經(jīng)驗(yàn)或知識(shí)豐富的n.專家；行家3．a(chǎn)ttendvt.照顧；護(hù)理；出席；參加4．exposevt.暴露；揭露；使曝光5．curen.治愈；痊愈；治療方法vt.治愈；治療6．a(chǎn)bsorbvt.吸收；吸引；使專心7．suspectvt.認(rèn)為；懷疑n.被懷疑者；嫌疑犯8．foreseevt.預(yù)見(jiàn)；預(yù)知9．blamevt.責(zé)備；譴責(zé)n.過(guò)失；責(zé)備10．handlen.柄；把手vt.處理；操縱11．linkvt.&12．positiveadj.積極的；肯定的；確實(shí)的13．enthusiasticadj.熱情的；熱心的14．severeadj.嚴(yán)重的；劇烈的；嚴(yán)厲的Ⅱ.拓展單詞1．challengen.挑戰(zhàn)vt.向……挑戰(zhàn)→challengingadj.具有挑戰(zhàn)性的2．cautiousadj.小心的；謹(jǐn)慎的→cautionn.小心；警告3．pollutevt.污染；弄臟→pollutionn.污染4．instructvt.命令；指示；教導(dǎo)→instructionn.用法說(shuō)明；指示；指導(dǎo)5．concludevt.&vi.結(jié)束；推斷出→conclusion6．contributevt.&vi.捐獻(xiàn)；貢獻(xiàn)；捐助→contribution7．rejectvt.拒絕；不接受；拋棄→rejectionn.拒絕；拋棄8．scientificadj.科學(xué)的→sciencen.科學(xué)→scientistn.科學(xué)家9．a(chǎn)nnouncevt.宣布；通告→announcementn.通知；宣告→announcern.播音員；宣告者10．constructvt.建設(shè)；修建→constructionn.建設(shè)；建筑物11．paintern.畫家；油漆匠→paintv.繪畫；涂→paintingn.油畫；水彩畫12．universen.宇宙；世界→universaladj.普遍的；宇宙的→universallyadv.普遍地Ⅲ.閱讀單詞1．characteristicn．特征；特性2．radiumn.鐳3．a(chǎn)nalysevt.分析4．physiciann.醫(yī)生；內(nèi)科醫(yī)師5．outbreakn.爆發(fā)；發(fā)作(尤指疾病或戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng))6．victimn.受害者7．enquiryn.詢問(wèn)8．neighbourhoodn.附近；鄰近9．pumpn.泵；抽水機(jī)vt.(用泵)抽(水)10．fireworkn.煙火(燃放)11．chartn.圖表12．movementn.移動(dòng)；運(yùn)動(dòng)；動(dòng)作高考與教材1.(2019·北京卷)Mooreisenthusiasticaboutthecandyshecreated,andshe'salsopositiveaboutwhatthefuturemightbring.2．(2018·全國(guó)卷Ⅲ)Webothbecameabsorbed(absorb)inthesimplicityofplayingtogether.3．(2018·天津卷)Beingthecoachofthenewteam,IwasexcitedbecauseIknewweweregoingtowin,buttomydisappointmentwewere_defeated(defeat)．4．(2017·北京卷)Thepossibilityofenteringintoandlosingsuchamatchshouldconcentratethemindsofputerscientists(science)．5．(2017·全國(guó)卷Ⅲ)Hesaidtheluckywomanwillbe_announced(announce)onthewebsiteandthetripwillbesharedonline.

教材短語(yǔ)寫準(zhǔn)并記牢1.put_forward提出2．expose...to使顯露；暴露3．make_sense講得通；有意義4．be_to_blame應(yīng)受譴責(zé)；應(yīng)負(fù)責(zé)任5．lead_to通向；導(dǎo)致6．look_into調(diào)查7．cure_sb._of_illness治愈某人的疾病8．draw_a_conclusion得出結(jié)論9．link...to...將……和……聯(lián)系或連接起來(lái)10．a(chǎn)part_from除……之外；此外11．(be)_strict_with_sb.對(duì)某人嚴(yán)格的12．contribute_to有助于；促成；向……撰稿高考與教材1.(2019·浙江卷)Manyfactorscontributed_to(促成；促進(jìn))thedecline,saidPatrickMcIntyre,anecologistwhowastheleadauthorofthestudy.2．(2018·天津卷)Thetrainingschedule,apart_from(除……之外)regulartraining,includesjoininginavarietyofactivities.3．(2018·江蘇卷)Children'sparingthemselvestoothersonlinemaylead_to(導(dǎo)致)lowerselfidentityandconfidence.4．(2017·天津卷)Theproposalput_forward(提出)byDobrindtaimstohelppromotefullyautomaticdriving.5．(2017·天津卷)Intheyearsofmygrowingup,Dadwas_strict_with(對(duì)……嚴(yán)格要求)me.教材句式寫準(zhǔn)并記牢1.neither...nor...連接兩個(gè)并列的句子成分Neitheritscausenoritscurewasunderstood.人們既不知道它的病源，也不了解它的治療方法。2．everytime作連詞引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句Somanythousandsofterrifiedpeoplediedevery_timetherewasanoutbreak.每次爆發(fā)(霍亂)時(shí)，都有大批驚恐的百姓病死。3．havesth.done過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)Awoman,whohadmovedawayfromBroadStreet,likedthewaterfromthepumpsomuchthatshehad_it_deliveredtoherhouseeveryday.一位已從寬街搬走的女人如此喜歡水井中的水以至于每天她讓人把水送到家門口。4．動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)To_preventthisfromhappeningagain,JohnSnowsuggestedthatthesourceofallthewatersuppliesbeexamined.為防止這種情況再度發(fā)生，約翰·斯諾建議所有水源都要經(jīng)過(guò)檢測(cè)。5．onlyif置于句首用部分倒裝Only_ifyouputthesuntheredidthemovementsoftheotherplanetsintheskymakesense.只有當(dāng)你把太陽(yáng)放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的運(yùn)行才能講得通。高考與教材1.(2019·江蘇卷)To_enjoy_the_convenience_of_digital_payment(為了享受數(shù)字支付的方便),manyseniorcitizensstartedtousesmartphones.2．(2018·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)Only_when_you_e_to_China_can_you_experience(只有當(dāng)你來(lái)中國(guó)的時(shí)候你才能體驗(yàn))Chinesefoodculture.1．動(dòng)詞＋-ion后綴變名詞①construct→construction建筑物②reject→rejection拒絕；拋棄③contribute→contribution貢獻(xiàn)④pollute→pollution污染⑤infect→infection傳染⑥create→creation創(chuàng)造；創(chuàng)建2．動(dòng)詞＋-ment后綴變名詞①move→movement移動(dòng)②announce→announcement宣布③arrange→arrangement安排④enjoy→enjoyment享受；樂(lè)趣⑤acplish→acplishment成就⑥adjust→adjustment調(diào)整；調(diào)節(jié)⑦settle→settlement定居；解決⑧appoint→appointment約會(huì)；任命⑨assign→assignment分配；任務(wù)⑩acquire→acquirementn.取得3．-ic后綴形容詞①science→scientific科學(xué)的②enthusiasm→enthusiastic熱情的③energy→energetic精力充沛的④drama→dramatic戲劇(性)的⑤sympathy→sympathetic同情的⑥r(nóng)omance→romantic浪漫的4．名詞用作動(dòng)詞的高頻詞匯集錦①facen．臉→vt.面對(duì)②handlen．把手→vt.處理③nursen．護(hù)士→vt.護(hù)理；照顧④addressn．地址；住處→vt.在……寫上地址；對(duì)……發(fā)表演說(shuō)⑤headn．頭→vi.前往……5．“觀點(diǎn)；態(tài)度”的高頻形容詞①positive積極的②negative消極的③subjective主觀的④objective客觀的⑤doubtful懷疑的⑥critical批評(píng)的6．“專心于做某事”的表達(dá)①beabsorbedin專心于②belostin陷入……；專心致志于……③becaughtin被困在……④beburiedin埋頭于……⑤bedevotedto致力于……；專心于……⑥beoccupiedin忙于……⑦beinvolvedin專注于……⑧beaddictedto沉迷于7．“動(dòng)詞＋n.＋to”必備短語(yǔ)集錦①expose...to使顯露；暴露②add...to增添；增加③pare...to把……比作④devote...to貢獻(xiàn)給⑤supply...to供應(yīng)給8．“make＋n.”構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)①makesense有意義；講得通②makeprogress取得進(jìn)步③makemoney掙錢④makeconversation交談⑤maketime擠出時(shí)間⑥makeway讓路高頻詞匯精講1．putforward提出(建議)；推薦；將……提前；將(鐘表等)向前撥Theyhaveputforwardthedateoftheirweddingbyoneweek.他們將婚禮日期提前了一周。putaside節(jié)??；儲(chǔ)蓄；儲(chǔ)存；留出putaway放好；積蓄putoff延期；推遲putout撲滅；生產(chǎn)putup舉起；張貼；建立；提供食宿putupwith容忍；忍受putthrough接通；完成；使經(jīng)受(1)用put短語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空①Themanagerput_forwardasuggestionthatweshouldhaveanassistant.Thereistoomuchworktodo.②Thesportsmeetingwasput_offowingtotheheavyrain.③Youarenotallowedtoput_upadvertisementsonthiswallwithoutspecialpermission.④Encouragechildrentoput_asidesomeoftheirpocketmoneytobuyChristmaspresents.(2)完成句子Beforewecarriedouttheplan,variousideaswere/hadbeenput_forwardbymyclassmates.在我們實(shí)施這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃之前，同學(xué)們提出了不同的想法。2．concludevt.&vi.斷定；推斷；使結(jié)束；終止；達(dá)成；締結(jié)Thereportconcludedthattheschoolshouldbeclosedimmediately.報(bào)告的結(jié)論是這所學(xué)校應(yīng)該立刻關(guān)閉。(1)concludeeq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(sth.fromsth.,fromsth.that...))(從……中)推斷出……concludesth.eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(withsth.,bydoingsth.))以……結(jié)束……toconclude最后(2)conclusionn．結(jié)束；結(jié)論inconclusion最后；總之a(chǎn)rriveat/eto/draw/reachaconclusion得出結(jié)論(1)單句語(yǔ)法填空①Theconcertbeganwiththenationalanthemandconcludedwithapieceofsoftmusic.②Heconcludedfromtheirremarksthattheywerenotinfavouroftheplan.③Bothsidespresentatthemeetingarrivedataconclusion(conclude)intheend.④Inconclusion,IwouldliketosayhowmuchIhaveenjoyedmyselftoday.(2)完成句子①In_conclusion,_walkingisacheap,safe,enjoyableandreadilyavailableformofexercise.總而言之，散步是一種廉價(jià)、安全、有趣且易實(shí)施的鍛煉方式。②Idrew_a_conclusionfrommyownexperiencesthat“Wherethereisawill,thereisaway”．我從我自己的經(jīng)歷中得出結(jié)論：有志者，事竟成。3.attendvt.照顧；護(hù)理；出席；參加JohnSnowwasafamousdoctorinLondon—soexpert,indeed,thatheattendedQueenVictoriaasherpersonalphysician.約翰·斯諾是倫敦一位著名的醫(yī)生——他的確醫(yī)術(shù)精湛，因而成為維多利亞女王的私人醫(yī)生。(1)attendto處理；照顧(2)attendalecture/funeral/wedding聽(tīng)講座/參加葬禮/參加婚禮attendschool上學(xué)attendchurch做禮拜(1)單句語(yǔ)法填空①Themanagerisbusythesedaysbecausehehasalotofthingstoattendto.②Occupyingherselfwithroutinetasks,shehadnotimetoattendtoherchildren.③Theyflewthereinorderthattheymightbeintimeto_attend(attend)theopeningceremony.(2)完成句子Fromthediscussionabove,wecanconcludethatitisnecessaryandworthwhileforusto_attend_training_classesbecauseofitsgreatimportance.從以上的討論中我們可以得出結(jié)論：參加培訓(xùn)課程對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō)是必要并且值得的，因?yàn)樗苤匾?.exposevt.暴露；揭露；使曝光Buthebecameinspiredwhenhethoughtabouthelpingordinarypeopleexposedtocholera.但是當(dāng)他想到要幫助受霍亂影響的平民百姓時(shí)，他備受鼓舞。(1)expose...to...暴露……給……；使……接觸……exposeoneselfto...使自己面臨……；使自己暴露于……(2)beexposedto遭受到；(使)接觸到[注意]exposesth.to結(jié)構(gòu)中的to是介詞，后接名詞或動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。(1)單句語(yǔ)法填空①Takecarenottokeepyourchildrenexposed(expose)tothebadbooks,netandmagazines.②Don'texposetheclothtowindandrainoritwillfade.③Being_exposed(expose)tothesunlightfortoolongwillbeharmfultoyourskin.④Children,whenexposed(expose)toanEnglish-speakingatmosphere,willpickupthelanguagemuchmoreeasily.(2)完成句子Somepeoplethinkweshouldn'texpose_the_children_to_playingputergames.一些人認(rèn)為我們不應(yīng)該讓孩子們接觸電腦游戲。5．curen．治愈；痊愈vt.治愈；治療Neitheritscausenoritscurewasunderstood.人們既不知道它的病因，也不了解它的治療方法。(1)acurefor...針對(duì)……的治療(法)(2)curesb./adisease治療好某人/治療(治愈)某種疾病curesb.ofsth.治愈某人的疾病/改掉某人的惡習(xí)等[辨析比較]cure意為“治愈”，常指治療疾病、痛苦或改正惡習(xí)、弊害等，側(cè)重結(jié)果；可構(gòu)成curesb.ofsth.結(jié)構(gòu)treat意為“治療”，強(qiáng)調(diào)治療的過(guò)程；常用treatsb.forsth.結(jié)構(gòu)heal意為“(使)愈合，治愈”，指治愈傷口，尤其是灼傷，使愈合或恢復(fù)正常(1)單句語(yǔ)法填空①Thefreshairandexercisecuredhimofhissleeplessness,whichmadehimfeelrelieved.②Thedoctorclaimedtohavediscoveredacureforthedisease.(2)完成句子Duetothedevelopmentofmodernmedicaltechnology,doctorsarenowabletocure_people_of_many_diseaseswhichinformertimeswouldhavekilledthem.由于現(xiàn)代醫(yī)療技術(shù)的發(fā)展，醫(yī)生現(xiàn)在能夠治愈過(guò)去的許多不治之癥。6.challengen．挑戰(zhàn)vt.向……挑戰(zhàn)Ilikethechallengeofdoingjobsthatothersturndown.我喜歡挑戰(zhàn)別人拒絕做的工作。(1)facethechallenge面臨挑戰(zhàn)accept/takeupachallenge接受挑戰(zhàn)challengesb.tosth.向某人挑戰(zhàn)某事challengesb.todosth.向某人挑戰(zhàn)做某事(2)challengingadj.具有挑戰(zhàn)性的(1)單句語(yǔ)法填空①Reducingthegapbetweenrichandpoorisoneofthemainchallenges(challenge)thegovernmentfaces.②Heleftanoteatthesceneofthecrime,challengingthepoliceto_catch(catch)him.③AsfarasI'mconcerned,itisachallenging(challenge)roleforaninexperiencedperformer.(2)完成句子Intheingthreeyears,our_school_life_will_be_challenging.在即將到來(lái)的三年里，我們的學(xué)校生活將具有挑戰(zhàn)性。7．a(chǎn)bsorbvt.吸收；吸引；使專心；并入；吞并Thesecondsuggestedthatpeopleabsorbedthisdiseaseintotheirbodieswiththeirmeals.第二種看法是人們?cè)诔燥埖臅r(shí)候把這種病毒吸入體內(nèi)。(1)absorbone'sattention吸引某人注意absorb...from...從……中吸收……(2)absorbedadj.聚精會(huì)神的；專心致志的；極感興趣的beabsorbedby/into被……吞并；被……所吸收beabsorbedin全神貫注于(1)單句語(yǔ)法填空①JustnowIsawhimsittingunderthetree,absorbed(absorb)inhisvideogames.②Plantsabsorbcarbondioxidefromtheairandmoisturefromthesoil.(2)完成句子Hewas_so_absorbed_in_the_research_thathehadnottimeleftforrecreationalactivities.他專心致力于研究工作，連娛樂(lè)活動(dòng)的時(shí)間都沒(méi)有了。8.blamevt.責(zé)備；譴責(zé)；歸咎于n．過(guò)失；責(zé)備Itseemedthatthewaterwastoblame.看來(lái)(霍亂的流行)要?dú)w罪于水了。(1)blamesb.for(doing)sth.因(做)某事而責(zé)備某人blamesth.onsb.把某事歸咎于某人betoblame(for...)該受責(zé)備(用主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義)(2)accept/bear/taketheblamefor...對(duì)某事負(fù)責(zé)；承擔(dān)責(zé)任put/laytheblameforsth.onsb.把某事的責(zé)任推到某人身上(1)單句語(yǔ)法填空①Itishumanbeingsthatareto_blame(blame)fortheairpollution.②ThepoliceblamedthetrafficaccidentonJack'scarelessdriving.③ManychildrenareafraidofbeingblamedformakingmistakesinspeakingEnglish.(2)完成句子Itwastheprofessorratherthanhisassistantsthat/who_was_to_blameforwhathadhappenedinthelab.是那位教授而不是他的助理們應(yīng)對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)室里所發(fā)生的事情負(fù)責(zé)。9.announcevt.宣布；通告；預(yù)告……WiththisextraevidenceJohnSnowwasabletoannouncewithcertaintythatpollutedwatercarriedthevirus.有了這個(gè)額外的證據(jù)，約翰·斯諾就可以肯定地宣稱被污染的水?dāng)y帶病毒。(1)announce(tosb.)sth./that...(向某人)宣布/發(fā)布某事announcethat...宣布/發(fā)布……Itisannouncedthat...據(jù)稱；已宣布……(2)announcementn．通告；宣告；宣布makeanannouncement下通知；宣布(1)單句語(yǔ)法填空①Thejudgesdidnotknowshewasphysicallydisableduntilthefirstprizewinnerwas_announced(announce)．②Afterthepresidentmadeanofficialannouncement(announce),sheexpressedherpersonalopinion.(2)完成句子It_is_officially_announcedthathewillnotrunforreelection.據(jù)官方宣布，他將不再為連任而參加競(jìng)選。10．contributevt.&vi.捐獻(xiàn)；貢獻(xiàn)；捐助；撰稿Volunteeror,ifyoucan,contributealittlemoneytoacause.如果你可以的話就去做義工或者為某一事業(yè)捐贈(zèng)一點(diǎn)錢。(1)contribute...to...為……捐獻(xiàn)……；投稿contributeto(to為介詞)有助于；促進(jìn)；導(dǎo)致；對(duì)……做貢獻(xiàn)(2)contributionn．貢獻(xiàn)；捐獻(xiàn)makeacontribution/contributionsto/towards...為……做貢獻(xiàn)(1)單句語(yǔ)法填空①Theysaytheywouldliketocontributemoretocharity,butmoneyistightthisyear.②Mybrothermadeacontribution(contribute)totheconstructionofourhometown.(2)寫作運(yùn)用Participatinginthecontestwillbeagoldenchanceformetoshowmydancingskillsandmake_some_contributions_totheclass.參加比賽對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)是一次難得的展示我的舞蹈才能，并對(duì)班級(jí)做出貢獻(xiàn)的好機(jī)會(huì)。11．makesense有意義；有道理；講得通Onlyifyouputthesuntheredidthemovementsoftheotherplanetsintheskymakesense.只有當(dāng)你把太陽(yáng)放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的運(yùn)行才能講得通。makesenseof理解；明白makenosense沒(méi)道理；沒(méi)意義inasense在某一方面；就某種意義來(lái)說(shuō)innosense決不(位于句首時(shí)用部分倒裝)monsense常識(shí)Thereisnosenseindoingsth.做某事沒(méi)道理(1)單句語(yǔ)法填空①Innosenseshouldyouloseheart;keeptryingandyouwillmakeitsoonerorlater.②Inasenseitdoesn'tmatteranymore.③AsfarasI'mconcerned,thereisnosenseingetting(get)upsetaboutitnow.(2)完成句子①Planningsofaraheadmakes_no_sense—somanythingswillhavechangedbynextyear.提前這么久計(jì)劃沒(méi)有意義——到明年許多事情都會(huì)發(fā)生變化。②Ican'tmake_sense_ofthispoem,butperhapsIwillifIreaditagain.我弄不懂這首詩(shī)的意義，但再讀一遍我或許就能明白了。③There_is_no_senseinwaitinghereanylonger.在這里再等下去是沒(méi)有意義的。重點(diǎn)詞匯點(diǎn)撥1．suspectvt.懷疑n.被懷疑者；嫌疑犯suspectsb.of(doing)sth.懷疑某人(干)某事suspectsb.tobe...猜想某人……①Hesuspectedhisneighbourofstealinghismoney.②Thedrugis_suspected(suspect)ofcausingover200deaths.2．link...to將……和……連接/聯(lián)系起來(lái)(1)belinkedto和……有聯(lián)系link...with用……把……連接起來(lái)；聯(lián)系(2)join...to把……與……連接/聯(lián)合connect...to把……連接到……connect...with把……與……聯(lián)系/連接起來(lái)beconnectedwith與……有聯(lián)系It'sobviousthismanis_linked_tothisaccident.很明顯這個(gè)人與此事有關(guān)。3．instructvt.命令；指示；教導(dǎo)(1)instructsb.todosth.命令某人做某事instructsb.in(doing)sth.指導(dǎo)某人(做)某事(2)instructiveadj.指示性的，有教育意義的instructionn.指令；說(shuō)明(常用復(fù)數(shù))①Thewaterpanieswere_instructed(instruct)nottoexposepeopletopollutedwateranymore.②Alwaysreadtheinstructions(instruct)onthebottlecarefullyandtaketherightamountofmedicine.③Thestudentsneedateachertoinstructthemto_paint(paint)．4．a(chǎn)partfrom除……之外；此外表示“除……之外”的詞或短語(yǔ)還有：(1)besides＝inadditionto除……之外(還，也)，常與also,more,other等連用(2)except/but除……外(都)……，常與all,every,no,none,nothing等含有整體、肯定或否定意義的詞連用(3)exceptfor除……以外，其后所跟的詞往往與前面的不是同一類的，是指整體中除去的一個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)或某一方面Apart_fromnaturalandculturalwondersHangzhouisalsofamousforitsculinary(烹飪的)delights.典型句式精析1．Neitheritscausenoritscurewasunderstood.人們既不知道其起因，又不知道它的治療方法。neither...nor...“既不……也不……”，連接句中兩個(gè)并列成分，連接主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞遵循就近一致原則(1)單句語(yǔ)法填空①Tobehonest,Ihaveneithertimenormoneyfortheball.②Neitherthefathernorthechildrenare(be)interestedinthefilm.③Notonlythenursesbutalsothedoctoris(be)verykindtothepatients.④Eitheryouoroneofyourstudentsis(be)toattendthemeetingthatisduetomorrow.(2)完成句子Thisphenomenonisneither_good_nor_bad;_itisafactofcollegelife,todayandinthepast.這種現(xiàn)象既不是很好也不是很差；這就是現(xiàn)實(shí)中的大學(xué)生活，過(guò)去是這樣，現(xiàn)在依然還是如此。2．Somanythousandsofterrifiedpeoplediedeverytimetherewasanoutbreak.每次爆發(fā)(霍亂)時(shí)，都有大批驚恐的老百姓病死。(1)everytime引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，相當(dāng)于whenever,意思是“每當(dāng)……”名詞詞組作連詞用，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的還有：eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(eachtime每當(dāng)……的時(shí)候,the＋序數(shù)詞＋time第……次,the＋瞬間名詞moment/minute/instant一……就……,nexttime下次……時(shí)))(2)有些副詞，如directly,instantly,immediately意為“一……就……”也可引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句(3)介詞短語(yǔ)on/upondoingsth.也表示“一……就……”(1)單句語(yǔ)法填空①Jerryrushedhomeimmediately(immediate)heheardthenews,onlytofindthathishousehadbeenburntdown.②Onarrivinghome,hesetouttodohishousework.(2)完成句子①Every_timeIgotoseeher,sheisabsorbedinreading.每次我去看她，她都在專心看書。②The_first_timehecametothecity,hedecidedtosettlethere.他第一次來(lái)到那個(gè)城市時(shí)，就決定在那里安家。③Next_timeyouetoBeijing,besuretoletmeknowinadvance.下次你來(lái)北京，務(wù)必提前告訴我。Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1．Ifyouforesee(預(yù)測(cè)；預(yù)見(jiàn))something,youexpectandbelievethatitwillhappen.2．Richardsonconcluded(推斷出)fromhisstudiesthatequalitybetweenthesexesisstillalongwayoff.3．Ifyoucan'thandle(處理)thejob,Iwillgetsomeoneelsetodoit.4．Theconstruction(建設(shè))workofthetheatreissupposedtobepletedwithintheyear.5．Whenaskedabouthisdream,Jacksayshewantstobeapainter(畫家)whenhegrowsup.6．Theheadmasterwasmorethangladtoknowthatmanyyoungteacherswereenthusiastic(熱心的)abouttheproject.7．Thescientistsaredoingscientific(科學(xué)的)researchontherats.8．Hisinjuriesweresevere(嚴(yán)重的)andhewasrushedtohospital.9．Theruralenvironmenthasa(n)positive(積極的)effectonthechildren'shealth.10．Heisintenselycautious(謹(jǐn)慎的)nottomakemistakesinspelling.Ⅱ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1．Thewriterwassoabsorbed(absorb)inherworkthatshedidn'tnoticeJimentertheroom.2．Afterfourteenyearsoffighting,theChinesepeoplefinallydefeated(defeat)theJapaneseenemies.3．MrGreenannounced(announce)tohisfriendshisengagementtoMissWhite.4．Manyretiredpeoplecanstillmakeacontribution(contribute)tosocietywiththeirrichexperience.5．I'veetotheconclusion(conclude)thathe'snottherightpersonforthejob.6．Environmentalistssayacriticalfactorinthecity'spollution(pollute)isitspopulation.7．Thereasonforshort-sightednessisplicatedandthereisstillnocureforit.8．Listencarefullytotheinstructions(instruct)andputthemdown.9．Williamtriedtojointhebasketballclubbutwas_rejected(reject)becauseofhispoorhealth.10．Recently,theChinesegovernmenthaslaunchedananti-corruptionmovement(move)．11．Itwasperfectlyallright,hesaid,becausethepolicehadnotsuspectedhimofanything.12．Idon'tknowwhoisto_blame(blame)forthemessyroom.13．IkeptpractisinguntilIbecameconfidentenoughto_challenge(challenge)thegoodplayers.14．TheGreenshadtheirmilkdelivered(deliver)tothedooreveryday.Ⅲ.選詞填空putforward,drawaconclusion,expose...to,makesense,bestrictwith...,betoblame,lookinto,leadto,apartfrom,link...to...1．Everyoneissupposedtoput_forwardsomesuggestionsonhowtoimproveourenvironmentatthemeeting.2．Wemustbe_strict_withourstudentswhileweshouldgivethemloveandcareaswell.3．Iwrotealetterofplaint,andthemanagerhaspromisedtolook_intothematter.4．Wecan'tdraw_a_conclusionwithouthavingawideinvestigationintothismatter.5．Eatingtoomuchfatcanlead_toheartdiseaseandcausehighbloodpressure.6．IthinkthatitisIratherthanmysisterthatam_to_blameforwhathashappened.7．Don'twastetimethinkingaboutasentencewhichdoesn'tmake_sense.8．Apart_fromtheEnglishclass,ItookanactivepartinEnglishCornerandotherafter-classEnglishactivities.9．Itisobviousthatlungcanceris_linked_toheavysmoking.10．Hisstudyshowsthatwhenrobinsare_exposed_tolightatnightinthelab,itleadstosomegenesbeingactiveatthewrongtimeofday.Ⅳ.完成句子1．IamaChinesestudentandIplantogotoBritainto_attend_a_summer_schoolduringthevacation.我是一名中國(guó)學(xué)生，我打算在假期去英國(guó)參加一個(gè)暑期學(xué)習(xí)班。2．There's_no_sense_in_drawing_a_conclusionwithoutenoughevidence.沒(méi)有足夠的證據(jù)而下結(jié)論毫無(wú)意義。3．Only_ifpeopleliveinharmonywitheachothercan_we_haveaharmonioussociety.只有當(dāng)人們和睦相處時(shí)，我們才能有一個(gè)和諧的社會(huì)。4．Ithinkofthehappyhourswespenttogetherevery_timeIseethephotos.每次看到這些照片，我都會(huì)想起我們一起度過(guò)的美好時(shí)光。5．Wegrowneitherbetternorworseaswegrowoldbutmorelikeourselves.隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)，我們變得并不是更好也不是更壞，而是變得更像我們自己。Ⅴ.課文回顧JohnSnowwasafamousdoctorinLondon.Inhistimecholerawasthe__1__(dead)disease.SoJohnSnowmadeuphismindtohelpordinarypeople__2__(expose)tocholera.Atthattime,nooneknewitscauseorcure.Heknewitwouldneverbeunder