Unit+5+短語 知識點歸納練習(xí)+ 人教版英語八年級下冊

⑵表示位置，意為“靠著”、“頂著”、等：The

teacher’s

desk

is

against

the

wall.

老師的辦公桌靠墻放著。He

stood

leaning

against

the

tree.

他站著斜靠在墻上12.Bencouldnotsleepatfirst.起初，本睡不著。【解析】atfirst首先；最初【拓展】(1)atfirst=inthebeginning最初，開始【強調(diào)在時間順序或做某事過程等開始之初】(2)firstofall首先，第一【表明陳述事情的重要性】13.Hefinallyfellasleepwhenthewindwasdyingdownataround3:00a.m.在大約凌晨三點逐漸減弱的時候，他終于睡著了。【解析1】fallasleep進入夢鄉(xiāng)；睡著【拓展】sleep/asleep辨析：(1)sleep=beinbedv睡覺，指睡的動作狀態(tài)，(2)gotosleep=fallasleep入睡，強調(diào)進入睡眠的狀態(tài)(3)gotobed上床睡覺，強調(diào)睡覺的動作。例：Davidfell_________(sleep)inclassbecausehestayeduptoolatelastnight.beasleep強調(diào)睡著的狀態(tài)Thebabyisasleep。fallasleep強調(diào)入睡的動作Myfatherwassotiredthathefellasleepquickly?！窘馕?】diedown逐漸變?nèi)?；逐漸消失【拓展】diedown與dieout的用法區(qū)別：指火的熄滅時，用diedown或dieout皆可。diedown往往指火勢由強到弱慢慢熄滅，植物慢慢死亡這一過程；dieout則指熄滅這一事實，而且不及diedown用的普遍。diedown:反映風(fēng)、聲音、憤怒、掌聲、戰(zhàn)斗等平息下來。dieout:指家庭、種族、物種、組織、信仰等的消失或消亡。Thiskindofbirdhasdiedoutintheworld.這種鳥已經(jīng)在世界上滅絕了。diefrom死于（外因,多指意外事故）dieof死于(內(nèi)因)eg:Hediedfromagunshotwound.Theydiedofthirst.14.Whenhewokeup,thesunwasrising當(dāng)他醒來的時候，太陽已經(jīng)升起來了。【解析1】wakeup(v+adv)醒來；睡醒【解析2】rise增加；提高；增強；上升，升起rise升起；上升主語自身移向較高位置Pricerosegradually.價格漸漸升高了。raise舉起；提高主語發(fā)出的動作作用于其他事物L(fēng)et’sraiseourglassestoTom.15.Fallentrees,brokenwindowsandrubbishwereeverywhere.到處都是倒下的樹，破碎的窗戶和垃圾?！窘馕?】過去分詞做定語fallenleaves落葉【解析2】everywhere處處，到處；各個地方詞條含義用法例句everywhere處處；到處；各個地方可用于任何句式Wehavemanyfriendseverywhereintheworld.somewhere某個地方多用于肯定句中Youcangosomewhereyouliketo.anywhere任何地方否定句Youcan’tgoanywhere.疑問句CanIgoanywhereIchoose16.Whateventhappenedattheschoolyesterday?昨天學(xué)校發(fā)生了什么事？【解析】happen發(fā)生；碰巧（指偶然性發(fā)生）(1)happenv“發(fā)生”沒有被動語態(tài)，主語是物，強調(diào)某事發(fā)生的偶然性a.sth.happentosb.某事發(fā)生在某人身上Whathappenedtoyou?=Whatwaswrongwithhim?b.sb.happentodosth.某人碰巧做某事Shehappened________(be)outwhenwecalled.(2)takeplace發(fā)生，指事情有計劃有安排地發(fā)生Thesportsmeetingtookplaceinourschoollastweek.(3)Ithappenedthat…碰巧17.Myparentsdidnottalkafterthat,andwefinishedtherestofourdinnerinsilence.之后我的父母沒再講話，我們在沉默中吃完了晚飯?！窘馕觥縯herestof…“其余的，剩下的”,做主語時，其謂語動詞的數(shù)要與therestof修飾的名詞一致。Therestofmeatgoesbad.Therestofworkersarestillworkinghard.18.Schoolclosedfortheday,andRobertandhisfriendswalkedhomeinsilence.學(xué)校停課一天，羅柏特和他的朋友們沉默地走回了家?！窘馕觥縮ilencen沉默→silent沉默；緘默；無聲insilence沉默地、無聲地=silentlykeepsilent保持沉默19.Morerecently,mostAmericansrememberwhattheyweredoingwhentheWorldTradeCenterinNewYorkwastakendownbyterrorists.最近，大部分美國人還記得當(dāng)紐約世貿(mào)大樓被恐怖分子襲擊的時候自己在做什么?！窘馕?】takedown拆掉；拆毀寫下【解析2】terrorn恐怖→terrorist恐怖分子befullofterror充滿恐怖【拓展】artn藝術(shù)→artistn藝術(shù)家sciencen科學(xué)→scientist科學(xué)家pianon鋼琴→pianistn鋼琴家20.Robertandhisfriendsweresurprisedtohearthenews.【解析1】hear的用法hear意為“聽見”，強調(diào)聽的結(jié)果。【結(jié)構(gòu)】：hearsb.dosth聽見某人做某事；hearsb.doingsth聽見某人正在做某事Wecanoftenhearsomechildrenplayontheplayground.IheardmysistersinginganEnglishsonginherroomwhenIcameback.hear也有“聽說”之意，這時后接that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。①hearabout意為“聽說”，相當(dāng)于hearof，后面接名詞或短語。Ihaveheardabout/ofthestorybefore.我以前就聽說過這個故事。②hearfrom意為“收到的來信；有的消息”，=get/receivealetterfrom.Ihaven’theardfrommymotherformonths.23.Katedidn’tthinkherfriendwastellingthetruthabouttheevent.凱特認為對于這次事件她朋友沒有說出真相?！窘馕觥縯rueadj.真的→trulyadv.真地→truth實情；事實Tobehonest=totell(you)thetruth老實說；說實話24.IhadtroublethinkingclearlyafterthatbecauseIwasveryafraid.后來由于害怕我無法清晰地思考?！窘馕觥縯roublen困難；苦惱；憂慮⑴introuble處于困境中g(shù)etsb.intotrouble使某人陷入困境⑵What'sthetroublewithyou?=What’sthematterwithyou?=What’swrongwithyou?你怎么啦？⑶havetrouble（in）doingsth\withsth做某事有麻煩◆haveproblems/difficulty/fun(in)doingsth.\withsth做某事有問題/困難/樂趣三、課堂練習(xí)一、單選()1.

Whenthemandownstairsknockedatthedoor,I

_______.

A.

amdoinghousework B.wasdoinghousework

C.weredoinghousework

D.amgoingtodohousework()2.Thereisablackboard

________ourclassroom.Ourteacherwasstanding________theblackboardatthistimeyesterday.

A.infrontof;inthefrontof B.inthefrontof;on

C.inthefrontof;infrontof D.infrontof;in()3.—Look!Thecat________fromthetree.

—Yes.It

________thetreejustnow.

A.isjumpingdown;climbedup

B.isjumpingdown;isclimbingup

C.jumpsdown;wasclimbingup

D.jumpsdown;climbed()4.Whatwereyoudoing________

lastSundaymorning?

A.atB.in C.over D./()5.WhileIwasatthe________,Iheardanurse

________Davy’sname.

A.doctors’;call B.doctor’s;tocall

C.doctor’s;calling D.doctors’;called()6.

Theboywithtwodogs________

intheyardwhentheearthquakehitthecity.

A.isplaying B.areplaying

C.wereplaying D.wasplaying()7.Myfatherwasreadinganewspaperwhilemymother________dinner. A.iscooking B.cooks C.wascooking D.willcook()8.Allthestudentsweresleeping_______theyheardaman_______“help”.A.when;shoutingB.while;toshoutC.when;toshoutD.while;shouted()9TherainstormcamewhileAnn________herpurseintheclassroom.A.waslookingforB.lookedforC.islookingatD.looksat()10.Mr.Blacktalkedabouthissonwiththeteacherthephone.A.byB.onC.inD.with()11.—Whatareyoudoing?—Iamthinkingaboutattheclassmeeting.A.howsayB.whatsayC.howtosayD.whattosay()12.—Dad,couldyoupleasedrive?—Nohurry.Wehaveenoughtimebeforetheplanetakesoff.A.fasterB.fastestC.moreslowlyD.morecarefully()13.Itriedseveraljacketson,but______ofthemlookedgood.A.bothB.eitherC.noneD.neither()14.Aftermyalarmclockeverymorning,Igetupandgetdressed.AturnsonBturnsoffCgoesonDgoesoff()15.Thankyouverymuch,Ican’tpassthetestyourhelp.AwithBbecauseofCbecauseDwithout二．完形填空閱讀下列短文，從每小題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出一個最佳選項。Mr.Blackwasonceapoliceman.Hewasakindperson.Helikedtohaveawalkintheparkafterbreakfast.Itwasverycold16awintermorning.Mr.Blackwaswalkingalongthestreetwhenheheardacryforhelp.Heturnedaroundbutcouldseenobody.Hestoppedandlookedhereandthere.Atthemoment,aboy17tohim.Theboywasinsuchahurry18hecouldn’tsayawordexceptpointingtowardstheriver.Mr.Blackrealizedwhathadhappenedandrantotheriverassoonaspossible.19ofthemranalongtheriverandsawagirlinthewater.She20apieceofwood.Itwascarryingheraway.Itwastoo21.Withoutaword,Mr.Blacktookoffhisclothesas22ashecould,andjumpedintotheriver.He23tothegirlandtookherbacknearthebankandliftedthegirlup,andthentheboyhelped24heroutofthewater.Thentheystoppedacarandtookthegirltothe25.Atlastthegirl’slifewassaved,andshethankedthemverymuch.()16.A.inB.onC.atD.for()17.A.walkedupB.lookedoutC.rushedoutD.ranup()18.A.soB.andC.thatD.but()19.A.AllB.BothC.NeitherD.either()20.A.washoldingB.wasliftingC.istakingD.ispushing()21.A.heavyB.excitingC.dangerousD.interesting()22.A.slowlyB.carefullyC.quicklyD.quietly()23.A.swamB.ranC.flewD.walked()24.A.pushB.pullC.bringD.take()25.A.houseB.schoolC.parkD.hospital三．閱讀理解AAyoungAmericandoctorwassleepingwhensuddenlyhisdoorbellbegantoring.Itwasalreadymidnight,butwhatcouldthedoctordo?Hehadtogetup,putonhiscoatandgodownstairs.Whenheopenedthedoor,hesawamanstandingwithahatinhishand.“Howdoyoudo?”saidtheman.“Canyoucomeatoncetoaplaceoutoftown?It’squitefarbutyouhaveacarandIcanshowyoutheway.”

“Certainly,”saidthedoctor.“I’mquiteready.Icancomeatonce.”Afterafewminutesthecarwasstandingatthefrontdoor,themangotintothedoctor’scar,andtheydroveoff.Theydroveonforalongtime.Thenthemansaid,“Hereweare.Thisismyhome.NowIcanpayyouandyoucangobacktothetown.”“Imustseethepatient.HowcanIgobackwithoutseeingthepatient?”“Thereisnopatient,”explainedtheman.“Nobodyisill.Ilivehere,yousee,andonemustgethomefromatown,mustn’the?Therearenotaxisthistimeofthenight,butadoctoroftenmakesnightcalls,soexcuseme.Hereismoney.Thankyou,doctor.Goodnight.”()31.Whatwasthedoctordoingwhenthedoorbellstartedtoring?

A.Hewassleepingupstairs. B.Hewassleepingdownstairs.

C.Hewasworkingupstairs. D.Hewasworkingdownstairs.()32.Whatdidthemanaskthedoctortodo?

A.togooutforawalk B.togotoaplaceinthetown

C.toseeapatient D.togotoaplaceoutoftown()33.Howdidtheygoaway?

A.onfootB.bycarC.bybus

D.bybike()34.Whatdoesthephrase“makenightcalls”inthissentencemean?A.打騷擾電話B.打夜間打電話C.夜間喊叫D.夜間出診()35.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?A.Thestoryhappenedinthemidnight.B.Itwassolatethattherewerenotaxisforthemantotakeatthattime.C.Thedoctorwasverythankfultogetsomemoney.DThemanwasclevererthanthedoctor.BOnedayapoorfarmerwastakingabagofricetotown.Suddenlythebagfelloffhishorseontheroad.Hedidn’tknowwhattodoaboutitbecauseitwastooheavyforhimtoliftbyhimself.Heonlyhopedthatsomebodywouldsoonpassbyandhelphim.Justatthismomentamanridingahorsecameuptohim.Butthefarmerwasverydisappointed(失望)whenhesawwhohewas.Itwasthegreatmanlivingnearby.Thefarmerhadhopedtoaskanotherfarmerorapoormanlikehim.Buttohissurprise,thegreatmangotoffhishorseassoonashecamenear.Hesaidtothefarmer,“Iseeyouneedhelp,friend.HowgooditisthatI’mherejustattherighttime.”Thenhetookoneendofthebag,thefarmertooktheother.Theytogetherliftedandputitonthehorse.“Sir,”askedthefarmer,“howcanIpayyou?”“It’squiteeasy,”