北師大版英語(yǔ)選修7教師用書(shū)Unit19SectionⅥLanguagePoints（Ⅲ）

SectionⅥLanguagePoints(Ⅲ)(municationWorkshop，LanguageAwareness，CultureCorner&BulletinBoard)Ⅰ.單詞拼寫(xiě)根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)或首字母提示，寫(xiě)出下列單詞1．Therewereover500applicants(申請(qǐng)人)forthejoblastyear.2．Sheisofficiallyregistered(登記)asdisabled.3．Therewasonlyonebarbershop(理發(fā)店)inthatcityatthattime.4．Hestoodasacandidate(候選人)inthelocalelections.5．Johnbet(打賭)$2，000onthefinalscoreofthegame.6．Isincerelybelievethatthisistherightdecision.7．Shehasbeenreliableandpunctual．8．Underthenewregulationsspendingonofficeequipmentwillbestrictlycontrolled.9．Shewaspreparedtoe，providedthatshemightbringherdaughter.10．Shewasalwayscalmandneverseemedembarrassed．Ⅱ.拓展詞匯根據(jù)詞性和漢語(yǔ)提示，寫(xiě)出下列單詞1．a(chǎn)pplyv．申請(qǐng)；應(yīng)用→applicantn．申請(qǐng)人→applicationn．申請(qǐng)2．petentadj.有能力的，足以勝任的→petencen．能力3．globen．地球→globaladj.全球的4．regularadj.規(guī)律的；規(guī)則的→regulationn．規(guī)則→regulatevt.約束；控制；管理5．embarrassvt.使窘迫→embarrassingadj.令人難看的，令人窘迫的→embarrassedadj.感到窘迫的→embarrassmentn．窘迫，難堪Ⅲ.補(bǔ)全短語(yǔ)根據(jù)提示補(bǔ)全下列短語(yǔ)1．focuson 集中于2．inadvance 提前3．signup 報(bào)名(參加)；簽約4．inaddition 另外5．bytheway 順便問(wèn)一下6．payfor 為……付款7．saveup 儲(chǔ)蓄8．missout (被)遺漏；錯(cuò)過(guò)機(jī)會(huì)Ⅳ.選詞填空選用上述短語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空1．Didyoualreadysignupforthedriver'seducationclass?2．Thesubjectofthetalkisannouncedaweekinadvance．3．Thisarticlefocusesonthelatter：thetechnicalrequirements.4．Inadditiontothekilledandwounded，manyaremissing.5．Itseemsthey'remissingoutonsomeeasymoney.eq\a\vs4\al([尋規(guī)律、巧記憶](méi))adj.＋-ence→n.v.＋up→復(fù)合短語(yǔ)confidencen．自信silencen．寂靜influencen．影響pullup停下hurryup快點(diǎn)thinkup仔細(xì)思考背教材原句記句式結(jié)構(gòu)仿寫(xiě)促落實(shí)1.Toputitsimply，ifyouwanttobeasuccessinthebusinessworld,youneedahighlevelofEnglishpetence.簡(jiǎn)而言之，如果你想在商業(yè)領(lǐng)域獲得成功，就需要有高水平的英語(yǔ)能力。toputitsimply“簡(jiǎn)單地說(shuō)”。Toputitsimply，wehavenothingonhand.簡(jiǎn)言之，我們手頭沒(méi)有貨。2.IammoreinterestedinbusinesssoIwouldprefernottostudyEnglishvarietiesunlessitisreallynecessary.我對(duì)生意更感興趣，因此，要是沒(méi)有必要，我寧愿不學(xué)習(xí)多種英語(yǔ)。wouldprefernottodosth.“寧愿不做某事”。Tobefrank,IwouldprefernottotakeabullettraintoShanghai.坦率地說(shuō)，我不愿意乘動(dòng)車(chē)去上海。3.Thirdly,yousaythatthereisadiscountprovidedthatIpayinadvance.第三，你們說(shuō)我只要預(yù)付款就有折扣。providedthat引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句。Iwillstayhereprovidedthattheclimateagreeswithme.如果這里氣候合適的話(huà)，我就待在這兒。applicantn．申請(qǐng)人(教材P12)NewFutureLanguageSchool—Therightchoiceforallapplicants.新未來(lái)語(yǔ)言學(xué)?！猩暾?qǐng)者的正確選擇。(1)applicationn． 申請(qǐng)；應(yīng)用(2)applyvt. 申請(qǐng)；應(yīng)用apply(tosb.)forsth. (向某人)申請(qǐng)某事/物applytosb./sth. 適用于某人/物applysth.tosth. 把……應(yīng)用于……applyoneselftodoingsth. 專(zhuān)注于/集中精力做某事①Thistrafficruleappliestoallthedrivers.這條交通規(guī)則適用于所有的司機(jī)。②Weshouldapplywhatwehavelearnedatschooltodailylife.我們應(yīng)該將我們?cè)趯W(xué)校學(xué)到的知識(shí)應(yīng)用到日常生活中。③Hewantstoapplytothepanyforajobasasalesman.他想向這家公司申請(qǐng)一份售貨員的工作。[語(yǔ)境助記](méi)Thirtygraduatesappliedforthepost.Alltheseapplicantsfilledintheapplicationformsseriously.三十位畢業(yè)生申請(qǐng)了這個(gè)職位。所有這些申請(qǐng)者都認(rèn)真填寫(xiě)了申請(qǐng)表。inaddition另外，此外(教材P12)Inaddition，Iwouldbegratefulifyoucouldexplainwhy...另外，如果你可以解釋為什么我將會(huì)感激的……inadditiontosth. 除……以外(還有)①HeknowsseveralforeignlanguagesinadditiontoEnglish.除英語(yǔ)之外，他還懂好幾門(mén)外語(yǔ)。②Theteacher，inadditiontohisstudents，is/was(be)interestedinthebook.老師和他的學(xué)生都對(duì)這本書(shū)感興趣。focuson/upon集中于……(教材P12)ThecurriculumfocusesonEnglishlanguageskillsusedinbusinessmeetingsandinareassuchasmarketingandadvertising.這些課程主要講述商業(yè)會(huì)議以及諸如銷(xiāo)售及廣告領(lǐng)域中用到的英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言技巧。(1)focus...on/upon... 把……集中于……；把……對(duì)準(zhǔn)……be/stay/keep/remainfocusedon/upon... 集中于……；集中到……(2)focusn. 中心；焦點(diǎn)v. 聚集；集中in/outoffocus 焦點(diǎn)對(duì)準(zhǔn)的/沒(méi)對(duì)準(zhǔn)的the/afocusofattention 關(guān)注的焦點(diǎn)①ThereisnodoubtthatBettywasthefocusofeveryone'sattentionattheparty.毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，貝蒂是那次聚會(huì)時(shí)人人關(guān)注的焦點(diǎn)。②Allherenergiesarefocused(focus)onherchildren.她的全部精力都傾注在了孩子們身上。③Ihavetofocusmymindonstudythisweek.我本周必須專(zhuān)心學(xué)習(xí)。payfor為……付款；償還，賠償(教材P12)Bytheway，wouldIalsohavetopayafeeforregistering？順便問(wèn)一下，我還得交注冊(cè)費(fèi)嗎？payback 償還payin/into 把(錢(qián))存入payoff 付清；取得成功payout 付出(大筆款項(xiàng))①We'repayingbacktheloanover15years.我們要在15年內(nèi)還清貸款。②Didyouremembertopaythatchequein?你記得把那張支票存進(jìn)去了嗎？③Itwouldtakehimtherestofhislifetopayoffthatloan.他得用余生來(lái)還清那筆貸款。beassociatedwith與……聯(lián)系；與……發(fā)生聯(lián)系(教材P15)Celebrityisnotusuallyacharacteristicassociatedwithmiddle-agedgianttortoisesfromtheGalapagosIslands.加拉帕戈斯群島的中年巨龜并不是一直就很有名氣。(1)associatedadj. 聯(lián)合的；組合的；有關(guān)聯(lián)的associatedwith 與……有聯(lián)系的(2)associatewithsb. 與某人交往或常打交道associatesb./sth.withsb./sth. 把……和……聯(lián)系在一起； 由……聯(lián)想到……(3)associationn. 聯(lián)合；聯(lián)想；交往；協(xié)會(huì)；團(tuán)體inassociationwith 與……合伙/合作；與……有關(guān)①Don'tassociatewithdishonestboys.不要和不誠(chéng)實(shí)的孩子結(jié)交。②Thescientistdecidedhedidn'twanttoassociatehimselfwiththeproject，andleft.這位科學(xué)家決定不愿與這個(gè)計(jì)劃有任何瓜葛，就離開(kāi)了。③Ibenefitedmuchfrommyassociation(associate)withhim.通過(guò)和他的聯(lián)系我獲益良多。acknowledgev．承認(rèn)，認(rèn)可(教材P15)BythetimeGeorgewasdiscovered，breedingprogrammeswereknowntobeincreasingthenumbersofothertortoisesub-species，butitwasacknowledgedthathiscasewasdifferent.到喬治被發(fā)現(xiàn)的時(shí)候?yàn)橹?，人們知道繁殖?jì)劃是為了增加其他海龜亞種的數(shù)量，但是人們也承認(rèn)喬治的情況有所不同。(1)acknowledge(doing)sth./that(從句)承認(rèn)(做了)某事/承認(rèn)……acknowledgesb./sth.tobe/as... 承認(rèn)……是……(2)acknowledgedadj. 公認(rèn)的；被普遍認(rèn)可的Itisacknowledgedthat... 大家公認(rèn)的是……①M(fèi)aryacknowledgedhavingtoldawhitelietoherfatherinordertohidethebadnewsfromhim.瑪麗承認(rèn)為了不讓父親知道那個(gè)壞消息而向父親撒了一個(gè)善意的謊言。②Itwasuniversallyacknowledgedthatpurpleisanoblecolor.人們普遍認(rèn)為紫色是高貴的顏色。③MoYanwasgenerallyacknowledgedtobe(be)thebestwriterinChina.莫言是全國(guó)公認(rèn)的最優(yōu)秀的作家。beinvolvedin與……有關(guān)；被卷入；專(zhuān)心地(做)(教材P17)ButIwassoinvolvedinthestorythatIdidn'twanttostoptocheckitsmeaning.但是我是如此的投入到故事中去，以至于我不想停下來(lái)去查看它的意思。(1)involvedoingsth. 包括做某事(2)beinvolvedwith 涉及beeinvolvedin 卷入；陷入①Thisproblemiscloselyinvolvedwiththemanagementofourschool.這個(gè)問(wèn)題跟我們學(xué)校的管理密切相關(guān)。②Thetestwillinvolveanswering(answer)questionsaboutaphoto.考試將包括回答一些關(guān)于一張照片的問(wèn)題。embarrassvt.使窘迫；使為難(教材P133)Iwassoembarrassed.我是如此的尷尬。(1)Itembarrasses/embarrassedsb.todosth. 做某事使某人窘迫(2)embarrassedadj. 難堪的，尷尬的beembarrassedat/about (對(duì)……)感到為難/尷尬embarrassingadj. 令人困窘的(3)embarrassmentn. 困窘，困惑toone'sembarrassment 讓某人感到不好意思①I(mǎi)wasintheembarrassingpositionofhavingpletelyforgottenhername.當(dāng)時(shí)我完全忘記了她的名字，很是尷尬。②I'veneverfeltsoembarrassed(embarrass)inmylife.我一生中從未感到如此難為情。[明辨異同]embarrassed，embarrassingembarrassed為過(guò)去分詞形式的形容詞，表示“感到窘迫的”，修飾人。embarrassing為現(xiàn)在分詞形式的形容詞，表示“使人窘迫的”，修飾物。embarrassed，embarrassing③Shewasembarrassedbyhisloudlaughter.④Itisthemostembarrassingthingthathehasevermetinhisdailylife.(教材P12)Toputitsimply，ifyouwanttobeasuccessinthebusinessworld，youneedahighlevelofEnglishpetence.簡(jiǎn)而言之，如果你想在商業(yè)領(lǐng)域獲得成功，就需要有高水平的英語(yǔ)能力?！疽c(diǎn)提煉】toputitsimply意為“簡(jiǎn)單地說(shuō)，簡(jiǎn)而言之”，該結(jié)構(gòu)也可用“副詞＋put”來(lái)表達(dá)。其為獨(dú)立成分在句中作插入語(yǔ)，與句中其他部分沒(méi)有語(yǔ)法關(guān)系，只對(duì)全句進(jìn)行解釋?zhuān)硎菊f(shuō)話(huà)人的態(tài)度或起承上啟下的作用。獨(dú)立成分無(wú)論位于何處，它必須用逗號(hào)與句子隔開(kāi)。常用的獨(dú)立成分還有：tobegin/startwith 首先tobebrief 簡(jiǎn)而言之tobefrank/honest 老實(shí)說(shuō)tobeexact 說(shuō)得確切些totell/speakthetruth 老實(shí)說(shuō)tomakemattersworse 更糟的是①Tobefrank，Idon'tlikeyourhairstyle.坦率地說(shuō)，我不喜歡你的發(fā)型。②Itwasrainingheavily.Tomakemattersworse(bad)，Iforgottotakemyumbrella.雨下得很大。更糟的是，我忘帶雨傘了。(教材P12)Thirdly，yousaythatthereisadiscountprovidedthatIpayinadvance.第三，你們說(shuō)我只要預(yù)付款就有折扣?！疽c(diǎn)提煉】provided(that)如果；只要；條件是，引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，也可作providing(that)。其結(jié)構(gòu)相當(dāng)于一個(gè)連詞，在句中連接一個(gè)狀語(yǔ)從句，其中suppose/supposing/provided/providingthat和giventhat結(jié)構(gòu)中的that可以省略。providingthat＝providedthat 假如；如果suppose/supposingthat 如果；假如giventhat 假如；如果①I(mǎi)willgothereprovidingmyexpensesarepaid.要是我的費(fèi)用有人代付我就去那里。②Suppose/Supposing(suppose)(that)shedoesn'te，wewillstillgothere.要是她不來(lái)，我們還是要去那兒。Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1．I'llapply(applicant)tothepanyforajob.2．Hedealtwithanembarrassing(embarrass)situationinaskillfulway.3．Keepyoursafetybeltfastened(fasten)．4．ThecameraissoexpensivethatIcan'taffordit.5．Inadditiontoshadowboxing，Itakeupcyclinginmysparetime.6．Asastaff，youshouldfocusyourattentiononyourwork.7．Ishallgoprovided/providing(provide)itdoesn'train.8．Shehadtoleaveoffifshecouldn'tbepetent(petence)forthejob.9．—Howcanyougetinvolvedinsuchadifficultsituation?—Well，Ihavenochoicebuttogetintoitasexpected.10．Theymanagedtosignupallthebestperformers.Ⅱ.單句改錯(cuò)1．Chinagovernmenthasapplieditselftofightcorruption.fight→fighting2．Ijustwentquiet，embarrassing，andcouldn'tanswer.embarrassing→embarrassed3．Ishallgoprovidesthatitdoesn'tvides→provided4．Tobefrankly，Imayhavemadeamistake.frankly→frank5．Icanunderstandher，I'llpayforallmypatiencetobewithher.for→outⅢ.完成句子1．更糟的是，我把鑰匙鎖在車(chē)?yán)锪?。Tomakemattersworse，Ilockedmykeysinthecar.2．坦率地說(shuō)，我不太同意你的意見(jiàn)。Tobefrank，Idon'tquiteagreewithyou.3．考慮到他們沒(méi)有經(jīng)驗(yàn)，他們的工作算做得很好了。Consideringtheyhadnoexperience，they'vedoneagoodjob.4．他有這么多擔(dān)心的事，無(wú)法把注意力集中到學(xué)習(xí)上來(lái)。Withsomanythingstobeworriedabout，hecouldn'tfocushisattentiononstudy．5．我曾經(jīng)申請(qǐng)了一家貿(mào)易公司的銷(xiāo)售職位。Ionceappliedforasalespositioninatradepany.非人稱(chēng)轉(zhuǎn)述結(jié)構(gòu)語(yǔ)境自主領(lǐng)悟先觀察原句①Heisknowntobethelastsurvivingmemberofhissub-species...②...itishopedthatGeorgewillpassonhisgenestoanewgeneration.③ThenumberofGalapagostortoisesaresaidtohavebeguntheirdecline...④...itwasrealisedthattheycouldsupplyexcellentfreshmeatforpassingships...⑤...theywereknowntobeabletosurviveforsixmonthswithoutfoodandwater.⑥Nevertheless，itwastheeffectofthegoatsintroducedtotheGalapagosbytheearlysettlersthatareunderstoodtohavedestroyedtheecologicalbalanceontheislandsandthelivelihoodofGeorge'sclan.⑦...itwasfearedthattheislands'manyuniquespecieswouldbedamaged...⑧...butthearchipelagoisexpectedtomakeafullrecovery.⑨GeorgewastakentotheCharlesDarwinResearchCentreonSantaCruzislandandprovidedwithaharemfromrelatedsub-species，butwassaidtohavebeenuninterested.后自主感悟1.轉(zhuǎn)述人們的一般認(rèn)識(shí)或說(shuō)的話(huà)時(shí)，我們可以用“Itis/was＋動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞＋that...”結(jié)構(gòu)，如句②、句④、句⑦；亦可以把有關(guān)的人或事放在句首用“人/事＋被動(dòng)形式＋todo...”結(jié)構(gòu)，如句①、句③、句⑤、句⑥、句⑧、句⑨。2.如果轉(zhuǎn)述的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在轉(zhuǎn)述的同一時(shí)間，可以用動(dòng)詞不定式的一般式，如句①、句⑤、句⑧。3.如果轉(zhuǎn)述的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在轉(zhuǎn)述之前，用動(dòng)詞不定式的完成式，如句③、句⑥、句⑨。一、概述當(dāng)轉(zhuǎn)述人們的一般認(rèn)識(shí)或說(shuō)的話(huà)時(shí)，常用這樣的結(jié)構(gòu)：It＋be＋過(guò)去分詞＋that從句，其中it是形式主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)是that從句。常用于這一結(jié)構(gòu)的動(dòng)詞有：predict，say，know，believe，claim，suppose，think，fear等，這一結(jié)構(gòu)稱(chēng)為非人稱(chēng)轉(zhuǎn)述結(jié)構(gòu)。二、用法1．“It＋be＋過(guò)去分詞＋that從句”可以變?yōu)椤癙eople＋動(dòng)詞＋that從句”和“Sb./Sth.＋be＋過(guò)去分詞＋不定式”。如：ItissaidthatGeorgewillpassonhisgenestoanewgeneration.＝PeoplesaythatGeorgewillpassonhisgenestoanewgeneration.＝Georgeissaidtopassonhisgenestoanewgeneration.人們說(shuō)喬治會(huì)把他的基因傳給新一代。2．若主句謂語(yǔ)是suggest，order等，從句需用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，謂語(yǔ)部分用“(should＋)do”形式。Ithasbeensuggestedthatmeasures(should)betakenatonce.人們已經(jīng)建議必須立即采取措施。[名師點(diǎn)津](1)如果轉(zhuǎn)述的動(dòng)作此時(shí)正在發(fā)生，不定式用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。Heissaidtobestudyingabroadnow.據(jù)說(shuō)，他現(xiàn)在正在國(guó)外學(xué)習(xí)。(2)如果轉(zhuǎn)述的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在轉(zhuǎn)述之前，不定式用完成時(shí)態(tài)。Heissaidtohavegoneabroadtwoyearsago.據(jù)說(shuō)他是兩年前出的國(guó)。(3)如果轉(zhuǎn)述的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)發(fā)生于轉(zhuǎn)述的同一時(shí)間或還未發(fā)生，不定式用一般時(shí)態(tài)。Themayor'sfatherissaidtoliveasimplelifeinthecountryside.據(jù)說(shuō)市長(zhǎng)的父親在鄉(xiāng)下過(guò)著簡(jiǎn)樸的生活。[即時(shí)演練]句型轉(zhuǎn)換①I(mǎi)tissaidthatheisgoingtomovetotheSouththiswinter.→HeissaidtomovetotheSouththiswinter.→PeoplesaythatheisgoingtomovetotheSouththiswinter.②Itisknownthatthethiefhasbeenarrested.→Thethiefisknowntohavebeenarrested．③ItissaidthatheisstudyingEnglishinHongKongnow.→Heissaidtobestud