重慶市渝北中學2023-2024學年高三上學期11月月考英語試題

渝北中學20232024學年高三11月月考質(zhì)量監(jiān)測英語試題(全卷共四大題67小題，總分150分，考試時長120分鐘)注意事項：1.答題前，考生先將自己的姓名、考號填寫清楚。2.請將所有答案寫在答題卡上，不得在試卷上直接作答。3.選擇題部分請按題號用2B鉛筆填涂。4.非選擇題部分請按題號用0.5毫米黑色墨水簽字筆書寫。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Husbandandwife. B.Doctorandpatient. C.Friends.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:So,tellmesir,whendidyoufirstnoticetheproblemwithyourarm?Iwillexamineitlater.M:Iwasatarestaurantwithmywifeandfriendsaboutthreeweeksago.Isuddenlyfeltasharppain.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Thehotweather. B.Therepairshop. C.Theairconditioning.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Jenny,it’sreallyhotinhere.Canyouturnontheairconditioningorsomething?W:Iwould,butit’snotworking,remember?Itoldyoutogetitfixedlastweekandyoudidn’tdoanythingaboutit.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatdoesthewomanplainabouttherestaurant?A.Itsfood. B.Itsnoise. C.Itssign.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:ThisisthenoisiestrestaurantI’veeverbeenin,Iswear.Ican’tevenhearmyselfthink.M:That’sagoodsign.Ifyoueverfindyourselfinaquietrestaurant,thatprobablymeansthefoodisn’tverygood.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】WhatwillAlicedonext?A.Shootapicture. B.Plantatree. C.Attendarace.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Alice,Ineedyourhelp!I’mplanningtoattendtheTreehuggingWorldChampionshipsthisyear!W:Haha!Sure.WhatdoIneedtodo?M:Youjustneedtotakeaphotoofmehuggingmyfavoritetreehere.Makeitlookgood,please.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Howdoesthemanfeel?A.Confident. B.Relaxed. C.Anxious.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Iwishtherewasagasstationinthetownupaheadorwe’renevergoingtomakeittothehotelontime.W:Relax,willyou?Wejustpassedasignafewminutesagosayingthereisone.Everythingisgoingtobejustfine.第二節(jié)(共15題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的做答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】6.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A.Heisnewtothearea. B.Heispoor. C.Heisveryprofessional.7.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inaninstrumentshop. B.Inaconcerthall. C.Inatoystore.【答案】6.B7.A【解析】【原文】M:Hey,doyoumindhelpingmeforaminute?W:Sure.Whatexactlyareyoulookingfor?M:Tobehonest,Idon’tevenknowwheretostart.AndIdon’thavemuchmoney.W:That’sfine.Howmuchmoneyareyouwillingtospendonaguitar?M:About$100to$150.W:Trythisone.It’slightweight,anditsstringswon’thurtyourfingerswhenyouplayit.It’sgreatforbeginners.M:Whataboutthisone?Itlooksawesome.W:Thatoneiselectric.Itmightbeabitdifficultforyou.Plus,it’s$800.M:Nevermind,then.I’lltakethefirstone.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】8.WhatdidthemanthinkisChina’smostfamousinvention?A.Silk. B.Gunpowder. C.Printing.9.Whatissilk’sstrongestappealtothewoman?A.Thefort. B.Thestrength. C.Thebeauty.10.Whichisthegreatestfreethingaccordingtotheman?A.Life. B.Nature. C.Love.【答案】8.B9.A10.C【解析】【原文】W:Doyoulikemynewblouse?M:Thatisbeautiful.Whatisitmadeof?W:ItissilkfromChina—thecountry’smostfamousinvention.M:Ithoughtthatwasgunpowder.Didn’ttheyinventprintingaswell?W:Maybe,butsilkistheoneIlikemost.M:Itismadebyworms,though.Doyoufeelfortablewearingsomethingthatesfromworms?W:Itfeelsgreat.Thatisthebestthingaboutit.Itfeelssoniceagainstmyskin—andofcourseitisstrongandlooksgood.M:Expensivetoo,shouldIimaginethat?W:Yes.Allthebestthingsare.M:Thatisn’ttrue.Loveneedn’tbeexpensiveandthatisthegreatestthing.W:Surelylifeitselfisthegreatestfreething.Thatandnature.M:Youareweletoyouropinionbut,whatever,Istilllikeyoursilkblouse.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】11.WhenwastheChinesepaddlefishlastseeninthewild?A.In2000. B.In2003. C.In2019.12.WhatcausedthefinalextinctionoftheChinesepaddlefishaccordingtothewoman?A.Thelossoftheirhabitat.B.Theshiftingagriculturepractices.C.Theconstructionofabarrier.13.Whatisthegoodnews?A.Peoplearetryingtoavoidoverfishing.B.Thenumberofcrestedibiseshasincreased.C.Manybaijidolphinnaturereserveswerebuilt.【答案】11.B12.C13.B【解析】【原文】W:HaveyouseenthattheChinesepaddlefishwasfinallydeclaredextinctbyIUCNin2022?M:Yeah,Isaw.I’mnotsurprised,though.Ithadbeenstrugglingforyears.Theywerelastseeninthewild19yearsbeforethedeclarationwasmade.W:It’ssad.Theywereamazingcreatures.Theycouldgrowupto23feet!M:Really?Wow!W:Theywerealreadyatriskyearsagobecauseofoverfishingandhabitatloss.Thenabarrierwasbuiltacrosstheriverwhichpreventedthemfromgettingtotheplacewheretheylaidtheireggs.Thatwaswhatreallykilledthemoff.M:Sadly,manyotherspecieshavesteppedonthewayofextinctioninthelasttwentyyears.Forexample,thenorthernwhiterhinoandthebaijidolphin.W:Thereisalsogoodnewsthough.Forexample,crestedibis,abeautifulbird,waslistedasendangeredbytheIUCN.Luckily,throughthejointeffortsofChinaandothercountries,itswildpopulationhasbeenover7000,anditcanbeseeninmanynaturereservesnow.M:That’sgreat.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】14.Whatisthewomanordering?A.Somefurniture. B.Tools. C.puters.15.Whendoesthewomanneedtheproductsdelivered?A.Bytheendoftheday.B.Bytheendoftheweek.C.Bytheendofthemonth.16.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemanabout?A.Thecostofherpurchase.B.Thetotalamountofthedelivery.C.Thenumberoftheproductsinthewarehouse.17.Whichkindofdeliverydoesthewomanprobablywant?A.Insidedelivery. B.Deliveryandsetup. C.Doortodoordelivery.【答案】14.A15.C16.A17.B【解析】【原文】M:Goodmorning,thisisWilliamJonesfromHomeHardware.HowmayIhelpyoutoday?W:Yes,mynameisLucyHarris.I’minterestedinpurchasing20unitsofyourA1modelputerdesks.M:Noproblem.Areyouorderingfromwithinthecity?W:Yes,I’mfromMooreandAssociatesLawFirm.We’relocatedat1026MainStreet.Wealreadyhaveanaccount.M:Yes,Lucy.Ihaveyourinformation.Letmejustchecktomakesurewehavethemhere.Ifwedo,itnormallytakesabout14businessdaysforthemtoarrive.W:That’sperfect,aslongaswegetthembeforethebeginningofnextmonth.M:Goodnews.Itlookslikewehaveenoughinthewarehouse.W:Great.Canyougivemeageneralideaofhowmuchitwillcost?M:Actually,Icangiveyouanexactnumber,butyou’llhavetowaituntiltheendoftheday.Itwillincludethepriceoftheproducts,packagingandshippingcosts.Andtaxes,ofcourse.W:Good.Whattypesofdeliverychoicesdoyouprovide?M:Standarddeliveryisdoortodoor,withnoextracost.However,wedoalsoofferinsidedeliveryordeliveryandsetup.Bothareaddedcosts.W:Costisnotanissue.We’retoobusytoputthemtogetherourselves,anyway.M:OK.I’llgetbacktoyoubytheendoftheday.W:Thankyousomuch.聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】18.Whatdoesthespeakerdo?A.Sheisareporter. B.Sheisawriter. C.Sheisahostess.19.Whatisthemostimportantaspectofthebookaccordingtothespeaker?A.Experiencingstrongemotions.B.Enjoyingdetaileddescriptions.C.LearningaboutcharactersotherthanSpiderman.20.WhatdoesthespeakersayaboutStanLee?A.Hewouldhavebeenproudofthebook.B.Hewantedthebooktohaveaclassicstory.C.Hepassedawayrightafterthebookcameout.【答案】18.C19.C20.A【解析】【原文】Welebacktothisweek’sbookreview.Well,Iamstillreadingwhathasbeeoneofmyfavoritebooksofalltime—SpiderManLegends.Tobefair,thisismorelikeacollectionofshortstoriesandeachoneisrelatedtoeachother.Butyoudon’tknowexactlyhowthey’rerelateduntilyou’vereadtheentirethingtwoorthreetimes.I’vereadit20times!Thisnewapproachtostorytellingissoperfectforsuperherocharacters.Itcaneasilygobackandforthbetweenthepurefantasyofacartoonworldandtherawemotionsoftherealworld.Mostimportantly,wegettospendalittlemoretimelearningaboutthehistoryoftheothercharactersbesidesSpiderman.WelearnthingsaboutSpiderman’sfamily,andevensomeofthebadguyshemeetshaveinterestingbackgrounds.Thisbookisgreatforbothkidsandadultsbecausethelanguageissodescriptive.AnyonecanseethemselvesswingingthroughthestreetsofNewYork,stoppingcriminals,andperforminggooddeeds.Thelevelofdetailineachstoryisamazing.It’shonestlybetterthananySpiderManmovieoric.Onasaddernote,SpiderManLegendscameoutjustafterthedeathofStanLee,themanwhocreatedSpiderman.ButIthinkhewouldbeespeciallyproudofthisbook.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ATherearedayswheneventhebestwritersneedalittleassistancegettingintotheircreativeflow.So,whenoneofthosedaysstrikes,youmayneedatoolkitofthebestappstorelyon.Herearesomechoices.ChatGPTChatGPTisagreattoolforsparkinginspirationandoutliningideasjustaskitaquestion,ormandittowritesomething,andseewhatitgenerates.ChatGPTcanassistinproducinghighqualitycontentthat’sgrammaticallycorrectandcoherent.Italsoprocessesandanalyzesinformationquickly,generatingtextmuchfasterthanahuman.Thiscanbeespeciallyusefulifyouneedtowritealargeamountofcontentinashortamountoftime.ScrivenerScrivenerisamusthavetoolforlongformwriters.Bothan“outliner”planningtoolandawordprocessor,Scrivenerallowsyoutoplanyournovelorscreenplaybybreakingyourwritingintosectionsandoutliningwhateachbitwillinclude.Youcanalsoorganizenotes,concepts,research,andwholedocumentsintoits“Binder”foreasyaccessandreference.DailyPromptDailyPromptencouragesyoutogotcreativeeverydaywithanewpromptevery24hours.Itprovidesyouwithaprompteveryday,oryoucanbrowseexistingpromptsfordifferentgenres,suchashorrorandadventure.Acreativepromptcanencourageyoutocontinuethestoryor“writingobstacles”withaninstructiondesignedtochallengeyoutowritemorecreatively.WordtuneWordtuneisanAIpoweredwritingassistantthathelpsyouimproveyourwritingbyprovidingrealtimefeedbackongrammar,punctuation,andstyle.Itcanbeusedforeverythingfromacademicianwritingtobusinessemailsandblogposts.Itcanalsohelponwordchoicebyhighlightingwordsusedinthewrongcontextandreplacingthemwithsuitablewordsorphrases.Mostimportantly,itistotallyfree.21.Whichappissuitableforanovelist?A.ChatGPT. B.Scrivener. C.DailyPrompt. D.Wordtune.22.WhatisanadvantageofWordtune?A.Ithasafreetrialperiodforstudents.B.Itcanprovideyoufacetofacefeedback.C.Itcanhighlightyourbeautifulexpressions.D.Itcanbeusedfordifferentwritingpurposes.23.Whatisthemonfeatureoftheapps?A.Theycansparkcreativity.B.Theycanofferregularinstructions.C.Theycanaskandanswerquestions.D.Theycancorrectgrammaticalmistakes.【答案】21.B22.D23.A【解析】【導語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹的是四個可以幫助寫作的四個應(yīng)用程序?！?1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Scrivener部分中的“Bothan“outliner”planningtoolandawordprocessor,Scrivenerallowsyoutoplanyournovelorscreenplaybybreakingyourwritingintosectionsandoutliningwhateachbitwillinclude.(作為一個“提綱”計劃工具和文字處理器，Scrivener可以讓你通過將你的寫作分成幾個部分并列出每個部分將包括的內(nèi)容來計劃你的小說或劇本。)”可知，Scrivener可以將寫作分成幾個部分，并列出每部分包括的內(nèi)容來計劃你要寫的小說或劇本，由此可知，Scrivener適合小說家。故選B項。22題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Wordtune部分中的“Itcanbeusedforeverythingfromacademicianwritingtobusinessemailsandblogposts.Itcanalsohelponwordchoicebyhighlightingwordsusedinthewrongcontextandreplacingthemwithsuitablewordsorphrases.(它可以用于從學術(shù)寫作到商業(yè)電子郵件和博客文章的所有內(nèi)容。)”可知，Wordtune可以用于學術(shù)寫作，商業(yè)電子郵件以及博客文章的寫作，由此可知，Wordtune可以用于不同的寫作目的。故選D項?！?3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)首段中的“Therearedayswheneventhebestwritersneedalittleassistancegettingintotheircreativeflow.So,whenoneofthosedaysstrikes,youmayneedatoolkitofthebestappstorelyon.Herearesomechoices.(有時候，即使是最好的作家也需要一些幫助才能進入他們有創(chuàng)造力的流程。所以，當那些日子來臨時，你可能需要一個最好的應(yīng)用程序工具包來依賴。這里有一些選擇。)”可知，最好的作家也需要一些幫助進入有創(chuàng)造力的流程，本文介紹的四個應(yīng)用程序可以供作家們?nèi)ミx擇，由此可知，這四個應(yīng)用程序的共同特征是它們能激發(fā)創(chuàng)造力。故選A項。BItallstartedwhenIlearnedtoread,orrather,beforeIlearnedtoread.Throughoutmychildhood,I'dalwayshadabunchofideasaboutwhoIwouldbeewhenIwasolder.I'dbeaninventor,adoctor,awaitress,oranartist.Buttheideasranoutinmiddleschool.Ispentafewyearswanderingaimlesslythroughlife,havingnocluewhatIwaspassionateabout.Inmyfirstyearofhighschool,IhadanEnglishteacherlet'scallherMrs.Awhochangedmylife.Shewasthetypeofpersonwhocapturedeveryone'sattentionthesecondtheywalkedinaroom.Midwaythroughtheyear,IrealizedthatIdidn'tjustwanttogetagoodgradeinherclassformyownsake,butIwantedtomakeherproud.Monthswentby,andIworkedharder.Iwroteinclassandpracticedessaysathomeontopofthat.Andeachtime,I'dbringittoherforfeedback."Veronica,"saidMrs.Aafterpullingmeasideonthelastdayofschool."Itoldtheeditorsoftheschoolnewspaperyoushouldwriteforthem.”aimlesslyanymoreIhadadestination.IhaddecidedI'dbeeawriter.Doingwellattheschoolnewspaperwasthefirststeptogetthere.Noway.Theywouldn'ttakeme.Iappliedanyway,Afewmonthslater,Iwaseditorinchief.somewhere.ThirteenyearsafterIwrotemyfirstword,threeyearsafterMrs.Agavemethe"goahead".I’mwritingfornewspapersallaroundtheworld.Eacharticleremindsmeofthelittlegirlwhosaidshe’dbeeawriter.It'sstillthebottomrungoftheladder,andI'vegotmileslefttoclimb,butatleastI’vemadeitsomewhere.24.WhichofthefollowingwordsbestdescribeMrs.A?A.Patientandintelligent. B.Inspiringandremarkable.C.Outgoingandhelpful. D.Approachableandimaginative.25.Howdidtheauthorfeelwhenapplyingfortheschoolpaper?A.Panicked. B.Surprised.C.Confused. D.Unconfident.26.WhatdidMrs.Aencouragetheauthortodobysaying"goahead”?A.Bebraveenoughtotry. B.Bereadytovoiceheropinions.C.Cherishwhateverlifehastooffer. D.Continuetoimproveherwritingskills.27What'stheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Toinspirepassionforwriting. B.Todiscussateacher'sroleC.Tohighlightthekeytosuccess. D.Toshareherjourneytowriting.【答案】24.B25.D26.A27.D【解析】【分析】本篇是記敘文，講述一位高中生在老師的鼓勵下，鼓起勇氣戰(zhàn)勝膽怯，勇敢嘗試原本不可能的事情，一次又一次地突破自我，最終成為一名作家的故事?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第二句“Shewasthetypeofpersonwhocapturedeveryone＇sattentionthesecondtheywalkedinaroom.”（她是那種一走進房間就能吸引所有人注意力人）說明老師是“

remarkable”（引人注目的）和“Itoldtheeditorsoftheschoolnewspaperyoushouldwriteforthem.”（我告訴校報的編輯你應(yīng)該為他們寫文章）；可知老師支持并付出了心血鼓勵作者堅持寫作，挑戰(zhàn)自我可知老師是“inspiring”（鼓舞人的）故選B。【25題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的前兩句“Noway.Theywouldn’ttakeme.Iappliedanyway.”(不可能。他們不會聘用我的。不管怎樣我申請了)，可知作者在申請校報編輯的時候，對于結(jié)果是完全沒有自信心的。故選D?！?6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的“ThirteenyearsafterIwrotemyfirstword，threeyearsafterMrs.Agavemethe'goahead',...Eacharticleremindsmeofthelittlegirlwhosaidshe＇dbeeawriter.”（在我寫下第一個字的13年之后，在A老師鼓勵我“前進”的3年之后，……每一篇文章都讓我想起那個說自己要成為作家的小女孩）可知，老師的這句話是在鼓勵作者不斷嘗試新的挑戰(zhàn)，成長為更好的自己。故選A?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。文章第一段回憶了作者孩提時對自己想成為什么樣的人感到迷茫。后文描寫了在老師的鼓勵和幫助下，作者勇敢的嘗試了很多看似不可能完成的事情，并在自己一次又一次的嘗試中，實現(xiàn)了當作家的夢想，但是前進的腳步永遠不會停止?？芍髡邔懳恼碌哪康氖莵矸窒硭膶懽髦?。故選D。CAmaranth(莧菜),anancientplant,isdrawingattentionthroughouttheworldandconnectingindigenouspeople(土著人)totheirhistory.Sincethe1970s,Amaranthhasbeeabilliondollarfoodandmakeupproduct.HealthconsciousshopperswillfinditinrisingnumbersofgrocerystoresintheUSandMexico,and,increasingly,inEuropeandtheAsiaPacific.“Thisisaplantthatcouldfeedtheworld,”saidBeatafromanonprofitorganization.Amaranthisactuallyagrain,likebuckwheat(蕎麥).Itsseedisahighlynutritioussourceofprotein,vitaminsandminerals.Asingleamaranthplantproduceshundredsofseeds,andasmallhandfulofseedswillturnintohundredpoundbagsofharvestthenextseason.GrowingamaranthhasprovidedadegreeofeconomicindependenceforindigenousfarmersinGuatemalaandtheUS.The8000yearoldplanttoleratesawidevarietyofclimateconditions.NativetoMesoamerica,itisalsogrowninChina,India,southeastAsia,westAfricaandtheCaribbean.It’sthistoughnessthatallowedtheplanttosurviveoverthecenturies,evenwhentheSpanisharrivedintheAmericasinthe16thcenturyandbannedamaranth.AmaranthfacedanothernearextinctionwhenstateforcesbegantargetingtheMayapeople,andburningtheirfields,duringthecivilwar.Topreservetheirtraditionalfoods,Mayanfarmerspouredseedsintoglassjarstoburyintheirfieldsorhideunderfloorboards.“Whatwewantisforthewholeworldtoproducetheirownfood,”saidMaria,amemberofagriculturalmunityQachuuAloom.“Fortheseeds,distancedoesn’texist.Bordersdon’texist.”Mostrecently,Mariasaidthatduringthepandemic,peoplewiththeirowngardens,especiallyinlockeddownmunities,feltsecureknowingtheyhadcontrolovertheirfoodsupply,thankstoamaranth.Amaranthhaspletelychangedthelivesoffamiliesinourmunities,notonlyeconomically,butspiritually,addedMaria.28.WhatisthemainideaofParagraph1?A.Amaranthisgaininggrowingpopularity. B.Amaranthoffersmanyhealthbenefits.C.Amaranthisanancientbutexpensiveplant. D.Amaranthconnectspeopletotheirhistory.29.WhathasmadeAmaranthan8000yearoldplant?A.Itstoughroot. B.Itsunforgettableflavor.C.Itsbalancednutrition. D.Itsamazingadaptability.30.AccordingtoMaria,whatcanAmaranthbringpeople?A.Bodilyhealth. B.Greaterwealth.C.Spiritualsecurity. D.Closerrelationship.31.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.HowtoFightFoodShortage B.AncientPlant’sAmazingHistoryC.HowAPlantPromotesAHealthyLife D.APlantThatCouldFeedTheWorld【答案】28.A29.D30.C31.D【解析】【分析】本篇是說明文。文章介紹了一種遠古時代的植物莧菜的一些習性和生長特征，以及它在為人們提供糧食保障中發(fā)揮的重要作用。【28題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段的“Amaranth,anancientplant,isdrawingattentionthroughouttheworldandconnectingindigenouspeople(土著人)totheirhistory.(莧菜，一種古老的植物，正引起全世界的關(guān)注，并將土著人民與他們的歷史聯(lián)系起來)”和“HealthconsciousshopperswillfinditinrisingnumbersofgrocerystoresintheUSandMexico,and,increasingly,inEuropeandtheAsiaPacific.(在美國和墨西哥，越來越多的雜貨店，以及越來越多的歐洲和亞太地區(qū)，注重健康的購物者會發(fā)現(xiàn)這一點)”可知，本段主要講述莧菜這種古老的植物正越來越受到歡迎。故選A?！?9題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“The8000yearoldplanttoleratesawidevarietyofclimateconditions.NativetoMesoamerica,itisalsogrowninChina,India,southeastAsia,westAfricaandtheCaribbean.(這種有8000年歷史的植物能忍受各種各樣的氣候條件。原產(chǎn)于中美洲，在中國、印度、東南亞、西非和加勒比地區(qū)也有種植)”和第三段的“It’sthistoughnessthatallowedtheplanttosurviveoverthecenturies,evenwhentheSpanisharrivedintheAmericasinthe16thcenturyandbannedamaranth.(正是這種韌性使這種植物得以存活了幾個世紀，甚至在16世紀西班牙人來到美洲并禁止莧菜種植時也是如此)”可知，正是莧菜頑強的適應(yīng)能力和生命力，才讓它經(jīng)歷了數(shù)世紀的磨練，仍然為人們提供糧食保障。故選D。【30題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Amaranthhaspletelychangedthelivesoffamiliesinourmunities,notonlyeconomically,butspiritually,addedMaria.(莧菜已經(jīng)完全改變了我們社區(qū)家庭的生活，不僅在經(jīng)濟上，而且在精神上，瑪麗亞補充道)”可知，Maria認為這種植物不僅能減輕處于困境中的人們的經(jīng)濟負擔，更重要的是它能在精神上支持人們擺脫困境。故選C?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。文章介紹了Amaranth作為一種古老的植物正越來越越受到人們的依賴。第二段第一句“Thisisaplantthatcouldfeedtheworld(這是一種可以養(yǎng)活全世界的植物)”是全文的主旨句，后文從它有著頑強的適應(yīng)能力和生命力的角度，解釋了它得以存活數(shù)世紀的原因。最后強調(diào)了在疫情期間，這種植物給全世界的人們提供了經(jīng)濟和精神上的信賴和支持。故D項“一種可以養(yǎng)活全世界的植物”可以作為本文最佳標題。故選D。DMosquitoescarrymalaria(瘧疾),whichkillsthousandsofpeopleeachyear.Nowsomeresearchersaretryingtousegeneticengineeringtomaketheannoyinginsectsintopartnersinthefightagainstthedisease.Foryears,publichealthofficialshavetriedtolimitthediseasebycontrollingmosquitopopulations.“Butthatapproachistemporary,”saysAnthonyJames,aprofessorofbiologyandgeneticsattheUniversityofCalifornia,Irvine,“Becausemosquitoesareextremelytoughlittleinsects,andtheirpopulationscanquicklyrebound.”Therefore,Jamesandhiscolleagueswanttotryadifferentapproach:makingmosquitoesthemselvesintomalariafightingwarriors,whichisapletedeparturefromtraditionalwaysofcontrollingmalaria.Tounderstandhowitworks,ithelpstounderstandthelifecycleofmalaria.Themalariapathogen(病原體)isaparasite(寄生蟲)thatgrowsinsidehumans.It’spassedviamosquitoesthatmovefrompersontoperson,suckingblood.“Ifwecanmakethemosquitoesdifficultforthepathogenstosurvive,wecanwipeoutthedisease,”hesays.Butmakingmosquitoesuninvitingtomalariaisatoughjob.Tosolvetheproblem,theteamusedageneeditingtechniquecalledCRISPR.Theystartedwithgenesfrommice,whoseimmunesystemsdofighthumanmalaria,engineeredthosegenes,andthengavethemtothemosquitoes.Itturnedoutthemalariafightingantibodieswhichgeneeditedmosquitoesproducedworkedverywell.Theyreducedthenumberofparasitesinthemosquitobeforetheywerepassedtoahumanhost.James’teamarenowworkingonplanningafieldtrial,whichhehopescouldbeconductedonanislandorinanotherisolatedlocation.Butgeneticallychangingwildanimalsdoesnotsitwellwithenvironmentalists.“There’snoneedtoengineeramosquito,”saysDanaPerls,seniorprogrammanagerfortheemergingtechnologyprogramatthenonprofitFriendsoftheEarth.Perlspointsoutthatnaturallyoccurringmethodsforreducingmalariaappeartobeshowingpromise,asdoesanewvaccine(疫苗)againstthedisease.“Whytakeunnecessaryrisksandreleaseaspeciesthatcan’tberecalledonceit’sreleasedintothewild?”sheasks.32.Whatcanweknowfromthesecondandthirdparagraphs?A.Mosquitoesreproducequickly.B.Mosquitoesdepartfrommalaria.C.Mosquitoesaremalariafightingwarriors.D.Mosquitoes’populationsareundercontrol.33.Accordingtothetext,whichofthefollowingareattractivetothemalariapathogen?A.Mice. B.Parasites. C.Mosquitoes. D.Geneeditedmosquitoes.34.Whatisenvironmentalists’attitudetowardthisnewapproach?A.Tolerant. B.Favorable. C.Objective. D.Disapproving.35.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.LimitingMalariabyControllingMosquitoPopulationsB.ControllingMalariabyeditingMosquitoes’genesC.CuringMalariawithGeneeditedMosquitoesD.PreventingMalariawithanewvaccine【答案】32.A33.C34.D35.B【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。本文主要介紹科學家想通過編輯蚊子的基因來控制瘧疾，但環(huán)保人士反對這一做法?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Becausemosquitoesareextremelytoughlittleinsects,andtheirpopulationscanquicklyrebound.(因為蚊子是非常頑強的小昆蟲，它們的數(shù)量可以迅速回升)”可知，蚊子的繁殖速度很快。故選A?！?3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的“Themalariapathogen(病原體)isaparasite(寄生蟲)thatgrowsinsidehumans.It’spassedviamosquitoesthatmovefrompersontoperson,suckingblood.(瘧疾病原體是一種生長在人體內(nèi)的寄生蟲。它通過蚊子在人與人之間傳播，吸血)”以及“Ifwecanmakethemosquitoesdifficultforthepathogenstosurvive,wecanwipeoutthedisease(如果我們能讓蚊子難以讓病原體存活，我們就能消滅這種疾病)”可知，蚊子能吸引瘧疾病原體。故選C?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Butgeneticallychangingwildanimalsdoesnotsitwellwithenvironmentalists.(但是，改變野生動物的基因并不受環(huán)保人士的歡迎)”和“Whytakeunnecessaryrisksandreleaseaspeciesthatcan’tberecalledonceit’sreleasedintothewild?(為什么要冒不必要的風險，釋放一個一旦被釋放到野外就無法召回的物種?)”推知，環(huán)保人士對改變蚊子基因來消滅瘧疾的方法是反對的。故選D?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，并結(jié)合第三段“Therefore,Jamesandhiscolleagueswanttotryadifferentapproach:makingmosquitoesthemselvesintomalariafightingwarriors,whichisapletedeparturefromtraditionalwaysofcontrollingmalaria.(因此，詹姆斯和他的同事們想嘗試一種不同的方法：讓蚊子自己成為抗擊瘧疾的戰(zhàn)士，這與控制瘧疾的傳統(tǒng)方法完全不同)”和倒數(shù)第三段“Itturnedoutthemalariafightingantibodieswhichgeneeditedmosquitoesproducedworkedverywell.Theyreducedthenumberofparasitesinthemosquitobeforetheywerepassedtoahumanhost.(事實證明，經(jīng)過基因編輯的蚊子產(chǎn)生的抗瘧疾抗體效果非常好。它們減少了蚊子體內(nèi)寄生蟲的數(shù)量，然后將它們傳給人類宿主)”可知，本文主要介紹科學家想通過編輯蚊子的基因來控制瘧疾。故B項“ControllingMalariabyeditingMosquitoes’genes(通過編輯蚊子基因控制瘧疾)”可作為本文的最佳標題。故選B。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Thewaywewatchtelevisionhaschanged,asmanyofusnolongerfollowtheoldmodeloftelevision.Inthepast,anewepisode(集)ofashowwasreleasedonceaweek.___36___People,therefore,havecreatedanewterm：bingewatching(狂歡式刷劇).Itisusedtodescribethebehaviorofwatchingmanyepisodesofawholeseriesinarow.___37___Infact,a2018MorningConsultpoll(民意調(diào)查)foundthat60percentofAmericanadultswhowatchedshowsbingewatched.Thepercentageevenincreasedamongyoungeraudiences.___38___Ofcourse,everynewculturalbehaviorhasitsacpanyinghealthconsequences.Whatisbingewatchingdoingtoourhealth?___39___Theysentan18questionsurveyto926adultswhoownedatelevisionandatleastoneotherdevicewithascreen.Theyfoundthatheavyscreentimeusersaveraged17.5hoursofscreenuseeveryday.Theyalsoreportedthatthisgroup’shealthconditionwasworsethanlightusers.Interestingly,researchersalsodiscoveredaconnectionbetweenbingewatchingandgreaterstress.Theresultissurprising.___40___Itmighthavebeenbelievedthatpeopleareturningtobingewatchingtodealwithanxietyandstress.However,that’snotthecase.Itcouldbethecasethatpeoplewillsufferfromgreaterstressifwatchingmoreshowscontinuously.A.Everynewculturalbehaviorhasitsowncauses.B.Nowadays,bingewatchingisamonbehavior.C.Now,manypaniesreleaseawholeseriesatonce.D.Peoplearemorestressedoutifthey’rebingewatching.E.ResearchersatArizonaStateUniversitywantedtofigurethisout.F.73percentof18to29yearoldsbingewatchedatleastonceaweek.G.Researchersidentifiedbingewatchersbyaskinghowlongtheywatchedtelevision.【答案】36.C37.B38.F39.E40.D【解析】【導語】本文為一篇說明文。講述了現(xiàn)在人喜歡選擇狂歡式刷劇，并分析了它對人的身體帶來的危害?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)空前“Inthepast,anewepisode(集)ofashowwasreleasedonceaweek.（在過去，電視劇一周更新一集。）”和空后“People,therefore,havecreatedanewterm：bingewatching(狂歡式刷劇).（因此，人們就有了一個新的術(shù)語：狂歡式刷劇。）”可知，空前說明過去的狀態(tài)是一周看一集電視機，空后提出了新的刷劇形式，故C項“現(xiàn)在，很多公司同時發(fā)行整部電視劇?！狈?，與空前過去的方式做對比，且與空后構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系，故選C項?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)空后“Infact,a2018MorningConsultpoll(民意調(diào)查)foundthat60percentofAmericanadultswhowatchedshowsbingewatched.（事實上，2018年的民意調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，60%美國成年人都屬于狂歡式刷劇。）”可知，空后提到民意調(diào)查的結(jié)果，大多數(shù)人都屬于連續(xù)刷劇，本空應(yīng)引出后文的民意調(diào)查，故B項“現(xiàn)在，狂歡式刷劇已經(jīng)成為了一個常見的現(xiàn)象?！狈希究仗岢鲆咽且环N常見的現(xiàn)象，空后提出其民意調(diào)查的理論支撐，故選B項。【38題詳解】根據(jù)空前“Thepercentageevenincreasedamongyoungeraudiences.（比例在年輕人中還有所增加。）”可知，F(xiàn)項“1829歲的年輕人中，73%至少每周瘋狂式刷劇一次。”是空前的順義承接，空前提到在年輕人中，比例有所增加，空后說明具體的比例數(shù)據(jù)，故選F項。【39題詳解】根據(jù)空前“Whatisb