浙江省紹興市高三上學(xué)期一模（期中）

2022年11月紹興市高考科目診斷性考試英語試題第I卷第一部分：聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.Wanderingthestreet.BEatinginarestaurantC.Buyingadress.2.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Bossandsecretary.BHusbandandwife.C.Customerandwaitress.3.Whenarethespeakersmeeting?A.OnJuly14th.B.OnJuly15th.C.OnJuly16th.4.Wherecanthespeakersbe?A.Inashoestore.B.Atafashionshow.C.Ontheplayground.5.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Ajob.B.Apresentation.C.Aprogram.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘：聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6至7題。6.WhatdoestheagentwishLilytodo?A.Actinanadvertisement.B.Seekforachildactress.C.Performinafurniturestore.7.Whydidthewomanrefusetheinvitationoftheagent?A.Shehadnotrustintheagent.B.ShehatedLily’slifebeingdisturbed.C.Shecouldaffordthecollegeexpenses.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Whydoesthewomanmakethephonecall?A.Tomakeaplaint.B.Tobookaroom.C.Toaskforhelp.9.Whatcanbefoundonthetopshelfofthecupboard?A.Thewaterheater.B.Extrapillows.C.Washingpowder.10.Whenisprobablythebesttimetovisittheflowerexhibition?A.OnFriday.B.OnThursday.C.OnSunday.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Howdoesthemotherfeelabouttheboy’sredspotsovertheneck?A.Surprised.B.Relieved.C.Anxious.12.Howdoestheboywanthismomtohelphim?A.Bylyingtothenurse.B.Byaskingtheschoolforasickleave.C.Bycoveringtheredspotswithmakeup.13.Whatadvicedidthemothergive?A.Gotoseethedoctorfirst.B.Getanotefromtheschoolnurse.C.Makeanappointmentwiththecoach.聽第9段材料，回答第14至16題。14.WhydoesGeorgeseemtobeintrouble?A.Hehasmissedagoodopportunity.B.Heisinadilemmaofajobdecision.C.Heisunwillingtoworkasanengineer.15.WhatisGeorgenow?A.Apanymanager.B.Acollegeteacher.C.Aputerengineer.16.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Georgeshouldacceptthejoboffer.B.Georgeshouldspendtimewiththefamily.C.Georgeshouldcontinuehisworkincollege.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Wherewilltheexhibitionbeheld?A.Inthelibrary.B.IntheQueen’spark.C.IntheRoyalGallery.18.Howlongwilltheexhibitionrun?A.About2months.B.About4months.C.About5months.19.WhatwillCynthiaCoursetalkaboutintheexhibition?A.Hercoloredstones.B.Hersilverjewelry.C.Herpapersculpture.20.Whatcanvisitorsdoattheexhibition?A.Learntomakevarioussculptures.B.TryonamazingSusanCup’sshoes.C.Purchasetheartworkstheyadmire.第二部分：閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AVISITTHERIJKSMUSEUMSOMUCHFINEARTINONEPLACE.SPENTALLDAYTHEREANDSTILLDIDN’TSEEITALL!REALLYIMPRESSIVEANDDEFINITELYAMUSTVISITINAMSTERDAM.?DOWNTOWNAMSTERDAMTheRijksmuseumranksamongtheworld’smostfamousmuseumsforthefameofthemasterpiecesinitscollection.LikeTheMilkmaidbyVermeer,SelfportraitbyVanGogh,TheMerryFamilybyJanSteenandRembrandt’sNightWatch.Butsomanyotherpiecesinthecollectioncouldtakeyoubysurpriseandcaptureyourimagination.Nomatterhowoldyouare,orwhereyou’refrom,you’lldiscoversomethingnewattheRijksmuseum.ABSOLUTELYBEAUTIFUL.THEART,THEGROUNDSANDTHEAUDIOTOURAREWONDERFUL.IFYOU’REINAMSTERDAM,DON’TMISSTHIS.?SEEANDDOThere’ssomethingforeveryoneattheRijksmuseum.Fromguidedtourstofamilygames,workshopsandtheatreprogrammes.Ifyou’revisitingforthefirsttime,howabouttakingThebestoftheRijksmuseumtour?Duringschoolholidays,wearrangespecialactivitiesforyoungpeople,likeanEscapeGame.Daily9to17hFunforkidsfromage4PRICESAdults:Freeforages18andunderFreeforFriendsSTARTTIMEAvisitstartswithastarttime.Youcanbookonehere.Youcanbookonehere.OnlyFriendsofthemuseumcanewhentheywantwithoutmakingabooking.CASHLESSInthewholemuseumyoucanonlypaywithyourfavouritedigitalpaymentmethodorcreditcard.Thisappliestoallshopsandcateringoutlets.1.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A.Atravelwebsite. B.Asciencemagazine.C.Abusinessnewspaper. D.Ageographicalencyclopedia.2.WhatmakestheRijksmuseumstandoutamongthemuseumsintheworld?A.Theserviceofthemuseum.B.Thevarietyofculturalactivities.C.Theapplianceofdigitalpayment.D.Thecollectionofsuperbartworks.3.What’sthesuggestionfornewvisitorstothemuseum?A.Enjoytherichtheatreprogrammes.B.ParticipateinathrillingEscapeGame.C.Takeaguidedtourinsearchofthebest.D.Visitdifferentworkshopsinthemuseum.【答案】1.A2.D3.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹阿姆斯特丹的Rijksmuseum博物館?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章標(biāo)題“VISITTHERIJKSMUSEUM”(參觀RIJKS博物館)可知，這是一篇有關(guān)Rijks博物館旅游的相關(guān)信息，所以這篇文章應(yīng)該是來源于旅游網(wǎng)頁。故選A。2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“TheRijksmuseumranksamongtheworld’smostfamousmuseumsforthefameofthemasterpiecesinitscollection.”(Rijks博物館因其收藏的杰作而躋身于世界上最著名的博物館之列。)可知，Rijksmuseum博物館因其收藏的杰作而有名。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“There’ssomethingforeveryoneattheRijksmuseum.Fromguidedtourstofamilygames,workshopsandtheatreprogrammes.Ifyou’revisitingforthefirsttime,howabouttakingThebestoftheRijksmuseumtour?”(在Rijksmuseum，每個(gè)人都可以得到一些東西，從帶有導(dǎo)游的旅程到家庭游戲，工作坊和戲劇節(jié)目。如果你是第一次來參觀，那么可以體驗(yàn)ThebestoftheRijksmuseum旅程怎么樣？)可知，作者建議游客如果是第一次來參觀，體驗(yàn)ThebestoftheRijksmuseum旅程，可以讓游客找到適合自己的內(nèi)容。故選C。BImajorinMechanicalEngineeringandPoliticalScience.WhensomeonehearswhatIstudy,I’musuallymeantwithtworeactions.Firstupisasmallsmilewiththeword“overachiever”onthetipoftheirtongue.Thesecondisalookofconfusion,followedbyanexaggerated(夸張的)“why?”.Theshortanswer:Iwanttobeaproblemsolver,andengineeringteachesmehowtobeethattypeofperson.Inaddition,Ialsowanttobeabletolookatthebiggerpicture.It’sthebeginningofanewyear,andalotoffirstyearshaveplansfordoubleortriplemajors.However,asmostofusquicklyrealizeafterthatfirstfallsemester,collegeisalot!Weareunavoidablyforcedtomakechoices—dowekeeptryingtomakeourdoubleortriplemajorsworkordowepletelyswitchgears?ThethingIwishedsomeonetoldmeondayoneisifyou’repassionateaboutsomething,it’snotgoingtofeellikework.PoliticalSciencecanbechallenging,buttome,it’sfuntoreadtheConstitution(憲法)andseetheimpacteachwordhasonourinterpretation.Thismaysoundhardtoaccept,butifyouaredoubleortriplemajoringbecauseyouthinkyou’reinaracewithyourpeers,you’reonlyrunningyourselfintotheground.Don’tdoubleortriplemajorifyouaredoingitforamarkonyourresume(簡歷),becausethenyourlifewillbealivinghellforthenextfouryears.Whatisgoingtomakeyouimpressiveisthepassionthatyouhave—whetheritbeinyourstudy,career,orsomethingelseyourcareerandstudywillenableyoutodo.Alwaysthinkaboutyour“why”whenitestothescheduleadoubleortriplemajorentails.Becauseattheendoftheday,it’sgoingtobeyoudoingthehomework—sotrytoenjoywhatyou’redoingalongtherideforwhatit’sworth.4.Howdopeopletendtofeelaboutthewriter’smajors?A.Impressedorpuzzled. B.Ashamedorchallenged.C.Satisfiedorconfused. D.Amazedorconcerned.5.WhatenablesthewritertoenjoylearningPoliticalScience?A.ThevalueofstudyingtheConstitution.B.Theinfluenceoflearningengineering.C.Hiscareerplanningforthefuture.D.Hisenthusiasmforthemajor.6.Accordingtotheauthor,whatcausesmultiplemajors’hardsituationincollege?A.Adjustingthescheduleformajorsconstantly.B.Pursuingmultiplemajorsoutofpetitivemotivation.C.Makingrandomchoiceswithoutsufficientconsideration.D.Estimatingthedifficultyofmultiplemajoringinaccurately.7.Whatistheauthor’spurposeofwritingthetext?A.Topromotetheconceptofmultiplemajoring.B.Toexplainthereasonsforchoosingadoublemajor.C.Toparethegainsandlossesofmultiplemajoring.D.Tostressthesignificanceofpassioninmultiplemajoring.【答案】4.A5.D6.B7.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是議論文。文章主要講述大學(xué)生不要盲目為了競爭而選擇多個(gè)專業(yè)，一定要是因?yàn)闊崆楹图で椴湃ミx擇多個(gè)專業(yè)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“WhensomeonehearswhatIstudy,I’musuallymeantwithtworeactions.Firstupisasmallsmilewiththeword“overachiever”onthetipoftheirtongue.Thesecondisalookofconfusion,followedbyanexaggerated(夸張的)“why?”.”(當(dāng)有人聽到我學(xué)習(xí)的內(nèi)容時(shí)，我通常會(huì)有兩種反應(yīng)。首先是一個(gè)小小的微笑并且說“太有成就了”。第二種是困惑的表情，接著是夸張的“為什么？”。)可知，當(dāng)人們聽到作者的專業(yè)時(shí)，有的會(huì)很佩服，有的是很困惑。故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“PoliticalSciencecanbechallenging,buttome,it’sfuntoreadtheConstitution(憲法)andseetheimpacteachwordhasonourinterpretation.”(政治學(xué)可能具有挑戰(zhàn)性，但對我來說，閱讀《憲法》，看看每一個(gè)字對我們的解釋有什么影響是很有趣的。)和第三段“Whatisgoingtomakeyouimpressiveisthepassionthatyouhavewhetheritbeinyourstudy,career,orsomethingelseyourcareerandstudywillenableyoutodo.”(讓你印象深刻的是你所擁有的激情——無論是在你的學(xué)習(xí)、職業(yè)生涯中，還是在你的職業(yè)和學(xué)習(xí)將使你能夠做的其他事情中。)可知，是熱情和激情使得作者喜歡學(xué)習(xí)政治學(xué)。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Thismaysoundhardtoaccept,butifyouaredoubleortriplemajoringbecauseyouthinkyou’reinaracewithyourpeers,you’reonlyrunningyourselfintotheground.Don’tdoubleortriplemajorifyouaredoingitforamarkonyourresume(簡歷),becausethenyourlifewillbealivinghellforthenextfouryears.”(這聽起來可能很難接受，但如果你是雙主修或三主修，因?yàn)槟阏J(rèn)為你在與同齡人競爭，你只是把自己撞到地上。如果你是為了簡歷上的一個(gè)分?jǐn)?shù)而選擇雙主修或三主修，那么你的生活在接下來的四年里將是一個(gè)地獄。)可知，在作者看來，選擇多個(gè)專業(yè)讓大學(xué)生們處在糟糕的狀況的原因是，他們只是為了在跟同齡人競爭才選擇多個(gè)專業(yè)的。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Whatisgoingtomakeyouimpressiveisthepassionthatyouhavewhetheritbeinyourstudy,career,orsomethingelseyourcareerandstudywillenableyoutodo.”(讓你印象深刻的是你所擁有的激情——無論是在你的學(xué)習(xí)、職業(yè)生涯中，還是在你的職業(yè)和學(xué)習(xí)將使你能夠做的其他事情中。)和最后一段“Alwaysthinkaboutyour“why”whenitestothescheduleadoubleortriplemajorentails.Becauseattheendoftheday,it’sgoingtobeyoudoingthehomeworksotrytoenjoywhatyou’redoingalongtherideforwhatit’sworth.”(當(dāng)涉及到一個(gè)雙主修或三主修課程的時(shí)間表時(shí)，一定要考慮你的“為什么”。因?yàn)樵谝惶旖Y(jié)束的時(shí)候，是你自己在做家庭作業(yè)，所以試著享受你在旅途中所做的一切，因?yàn)樗侵档玫摹?可知，作者寫這篇文章的目的是在建議人們要帶著激情去選擇專業(yè)，強(qiáng)調(diào)激情在多專業(yè)中的重要性。故選D。CBrazilianartistNéleAzevedoisbestknownforbigpublicartpieces.Theartistcarveshundredsof20centimetertallicefiguresseatedwiththeiranklescrossedandplacesthematopoutdoorstepsandputsthemincitysquaresallovertheworld,wheretheyquicklymelt.Thefacelesssculpturesdripandpoolintosmallpuddlesastimepasses.Herworkshavebeenadoptedbyenvironmentalistsasakindofactivistartagainstclimatechange.Butisit?Yesand(mostly)no.Themassofmeltingbodiesmakesanaturalconnectiontothethreathumankindfacesduetorisingglobaltemperatures.“Itscloselinkwiththatsubjectisevident,”saidtheartist.Inadditiontothethreatofglobalwarmingitself,thesheernumberofsculpturessittingtogetheralsocallsattentiontothefactthatwehumansareallinittogether.“Suchkindofthreatsalsofinallyputmaninhisplace,hisfateisalongwiththedestinyoftheplanet,andheisnotthe‘king’ofnature,butanessentialelementofit,”continuesAzevedoonherwebsite.“Itookeverycharacteristicoftraditionalmonumentsandmadetheopposite,”shesays.“Imadesmallfiguresthatsitonthefloor.Itdoesn’thonoranybody.Itdoeshonortheunknown.”Azevedoexplains,“Inafewminuteaction,therulesofthemonumentareinverted:intheplaceofthehero,theunknown;intheplaceofthesolidityofthestone,themomentaryprocessoftheice;intheplaceofthemonumentsize,theminimumsizeoftheperishable(易毀壞的)bodies.”O(jiān)riginallyAzevedowantedherarttogetpeoplethinkingaboutimpermanence,andthesightoficetransformingintoapuddleofwatercertainlydoesthatbrilliantly.8.WhatcanwelearnaboutNéleAzevedo’sartworks?A.Theyareputinpublicplacesforartiststoappreciate.B.Theyareadoptedasawayofshowingartistictalents.C.Theyarelinkedwiththethreatofclimatechange.D.Theyareconsideredasasymbolofunity.9.Whichofthefollowingcanbestreplacetheword“inverted”inparagraph5?A.kepttrackof B.turnedupsidedownC.laidemphasison D.takenintoaccount10.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthesquareshowfromthelastparagraph?A.Itispermanentbynature.B.Itlackspracticalinfluence.C.Ittakeslongtoseetheresults.D.Itconveystheartist’sexactintention.11.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.PublicInterestinContemporaryArtB.IceFiguresTransformingintoWaterC.ResponsibilityDemandedofActivistArtistsD.MiniSculpturesEchoingtheClimateCrisis【答案】8.C9.B10.D11.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了巴西藝術(shù)家NéleAzevedo的冰雕作品，她的作品被視作一種對抗氣候變化的藝術(shù)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“Herworkshavebeenadoptedbyenvironmentalistsasakindofactivistartagainstclimatechange.(她的作品被環(huán)保主義者奉為一種對抗氣候變化的激進(jìn)藝術(shù)。)”可知，她的作品與氣候變化的威脅有關(guān)。故選C?！?題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第四段的“Itookeverycharacteristicoftraditionalmonumentsandmadetheopposite(我利用了傳統(tǒng)紀(jì)念碑的每一個(gè)特點(diǎn)，并做了相反的東西)”和第五段的“intheplaceofthehero,theunknown;intheplaceofthesolidityofthestone,themomentaryprocessoftheice;intheplaceofthemonumentsize,theminimumsizeoftheperishable(易毀壞的)bodies(代替英雄的，是無名之人；在石頭堅(jiān)固的地方，冰的瞬間變化；在放置紀(jì)念碑的地方，是最小尺寸的易腐尸體)”可知，紀(jì)念碑規(guī)則被顛倒了，劃線詞inverted的意思是“顛倒的”，和turnedupsidedown意思相近，故選B?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的“OriginallyAzevedowantedherarttogetpeoplethinkingaboutimpermanence,andthesightoficetransformingintoapuddleofwatercertainlydoesthatbrilliantly.(最初，Azevedo希望她的藝術(shù)作品能讓人們思考無常，而冰變成水坑的景象無疑出色地做到了這一點(diǎn)。)”可知，她在廣場上展示的作品傳達(dá)了這位藝術(shù)家的確切意圖，也就是讓人們思考。故選D?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段的“Theartistcarveshundredsof20centimetertallicefiguresseatedwiththeiranklescrossedandplacesthematopoutdoorstepsandputsthemincitysquaresallovertheworld,wheretheyquicklymelt.Thefacelesssculpturesdripandpoolintosmallpuddlesastimepasses.Herworkshavebeenadoptedbyenvironmentalistsasakindofactivistartagainstclimatechange.(這位藝術(shù)家雕刻了數(shù)百個(gè)20厘米高、腳踝交叉坐在一起的冰人，把它們放在戶外臺(tái)階上，放在世界各地的城市廣場上，它們很快就會(huì)融化。隨著時(shí)間的推移，這些沒有面孔的雕塑滴入小水坑。她的作品被環(huán)保主義者奉為一種對抗氣候變化的激進(jìn)藝術(shù)。)”可知，本文主要講的是巴西藝術(shù)家NéleAzevedo的冰雕作品，她的作品被視作一種對抗氣候變化的藝術(shù)，因此最好的題目是B選項(xiàng)“IceFiguresTransformingintoWater(冰人變成水)”。故選B。DLivinginacityisawellknownriskfactorfordevelopingamentaldisorder,whilelivingclosetonatureislargelybeneficialformentalhealthandthebrain.Acentralbrainregion,theamygdala(大腦杏仁核)involvedinstressprocessing,hasbeenshowntobelessactivatedduringstressinpeoplelivinginruralareas,paredtothosewholiveincities,hintingatthepotentialbenefitsofnature.“Butsofarthehenandeggproblemcouldnotberesolved,namelywhethernatureactuallycausedtheeffectsinthebrainorwhethertheparticularindividualschosetoliveinruralorurbanregions,”saysSonjaSudimac.Toachievecausalevidence,theresearchersfromthegroupexaminedbrainactivityinregionsinvolvedinstressprocessingin63healthyvolunteersbeforeandafteraonehourwalkinGrunewaldforestorashoppingstreetwithtrafficinBerlin.Theresultsrevealedthatactivityintheamygdaladecreasedafterthewalkinnature,suggestingthatnatureelicitsbeneficialeffectsonbrainregionsrelatedtostress.“Theresultssupportthepreviouslyassumedpositiverelationshipbetweennatureandbrainhealth,butthisisthefirststudytoprovethecausallink.Interestingly,thebrainactivityaftertheurbanwalkintheseregionsremainedstableandshowednoincreases,whicharguesagainstamonlyheldviewthaturbanexposurecausesadditionalstress,”explainsSimoneKühn,headofthegroup.Theauthorsshowthatnaturehasapositiveimpactonbrainregionsinvolvedinstressprocessingandthatitcanalreadybeobservedafteraonehourwalk.Thiscontributestotheunderstandingofhowourphysicallivingenvironmentaffectsbrainandmentalhealth.Evenashortexposuretonaturedecreasesamygdalaactivity,suggestingthatawalkinnaturecouldserveasapreventivemeasureagainstdevelopingmentalhealthproblemsandreducingthepotentiallydisadvantageousimpactofthecityonthebrain.Inordertoinvestigatebeneficialeffectsofnatureindifferentpopulationsandagegroups,theresearchersarecurrentlyworkingonastudyexamininghowaonehourwalkinnaturalversusurbanenvironmentsimpactsstressinmothersandtheirbabies.12.WhatdoesthehenandeggproblemmeanbySonjaSudimac?A.Livinginruralareasactuallyaffectsbrainactivity.B.Peopleincitiestendtohaveahigherriskofmentalproblems.C.It’sunnecessarytoworkouttheplexissueofstressandhealth.D.It’shardtoclarifytheimpactoflivingenvironmentonmentalhealth.13.Howdidresearcherscollectevidenceforthestudy?A.Byquotingauthoritativeexperts.B.Byinterviewinghealthyvolunteers.C.Byresearchingonaprevioustheory.D.Byparingvolunteers’amygdalaactivities.14.WhatcontributiondidSimoneKühnandhisteammainlymake?A.Confirmingtheassumptionofnature’sbenefitstobrainhealth.B.Supportingamonlyheldviewofurbanexposure.C.Revealingthelinkbetweenageandmentalhealth.D.Identifyingthecausesofmentalhealthproblems.15.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkabout?A.Benefitsofaregularwalkinnature.B.Thefocusofthefollowupresearch.C.Anappealforlivinginurbanregions.D.Nature’spositiveeffectsonwomenandchildren.【答案】12.D13.D14.A15.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了自然對人大腦產(chǎn)生的影響?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“Butsofarthehenandeggproblemcouldnotberesolved,namelywhethernatureactuallycausedtheeffectsinthebrainorwhethertheparticularindividualschosetoliveinruralorurbanregions(但是到目前為止，母雞和蛋的問題還沒有得到解決，也就是說，到底是大自然對大腦產(chǎn)生了影響，還是特定的個(gè)體選擇生活在農(nóng)村還是城市地區(qū))”可知，SonjaSudimac的“母雞和雞蛋的問題”意味著生活環(huán)境對精神健康的影響很難說清楚。故選D?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的“Toachievecausalevidence,theresearchersfromthegroupexaminedbrainactivityinregionsinvolvedinstressprocessingin63healthyvolunteersbeforeandafteraonehourwalkinGrunewaldforestorashoppingstreetwithtrafficinBerlin.(為了獲得因果證據(jù)，該小組的研究人員對63名健康志愿者在格魯內(nèi)瓦爾德森林或柏林交通繁忙的購物街散步一小時(shí)前后的大腦活動(dòng)進(jìn)行了檢查)”可知，研究人員通過比較志愿者的杏仁核活動(dòng)來為這項(xiàng)研究收集證據(jù)。故選D?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“Theresultssupportthepreviouslyassumedpositiverelationshipbetweennatureandbrainhealth,butthisisthefirststudytoprovethecausallink.(研究結(jié)果支持了之前假設(shè)的自然和大腦健康之間的正相關(guān)關(guān)系，但這是首次證明因果關(guān)系的研究)”可知，SimoneKühn和他的團(tuán)隊(duì)的主要貢獻(xiàn)是證實(shí)了自然對大腦健康有益的假設(shè)。故選A?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“Inordertoinvestigatebeneficialeffectsofnatureindifferentpopulationsandagegroups,theresearchersarecurrentlyworkingonastudyexamininghowaonehourwalkinnaturalversusurbanenvironmentsimpactsstressinmothersandtheirbabies.(為了調(diào)查自然對不同人群和年齡組的有益影響，研究人員目前正在進(jìn)行一項(xiàng)研究，研究在自然環(huán)境和城市環(huán)境中散步一小時(shí)對母親和嬰兒的壓力有何影響)”可知，最后一段主要講的是后續(xù)研究的重點(diǎn)。故選B。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Medicineisadegreethatconsistsofanendlessnumberofexams,andrecentlyIreceivedmyfirstyearresults.Waitingforthoseresultswasoneofthemostanxietygeneratingexperiences.____16____Failingbringsjudgementfromothers,atopicofdiscussionforpeople,andtherightforotherstosayyouarenotcapable.Thestressassociatedwithfailingiscreatedbyothersaroundyou,ratherthanbytheeventitself.IhaverecentlybeenreadingThePsychologyofMoneybyMorganHousel,whichclarifiesthatfailurehasastrongpresenceamongthosewhohaveachievedsuccess.PeoplewillalwaysfocusonWarrenBuffett’ssuccessasaninvestor.____17____Theprocessofachievingsuccesshasofteninvolvedsetbacksand“failures”alongtheway.Ireceiveda“pass”gradeonanimportantresearchpaperduringmymaster’s,whichputmyfinalgradeinadangeroussituation.IwasrejectedfrommedicalschoolswhichI’dspenttimeandeffortapplyingtoandpreparingfor.____18____IalsobeganstudyingMedicinelastyear.____19____Butyoushouldknowthatwitheachfailureyouareclosertosuccess,buildingfurtherlayerstothefoundationsyoustarted.Behindeverysuccessfulpersonaremoreobstaclesandsetbacks,butthesearenotasinterestingtofocusonorasenviable.Thenoisearoundyou,whetheritbefromcoworkers,friendsorparents,shouldnotshakeyourbeliefinyourabilities.____20____Learnwhatyouneedandcorrectyourapproachuntilyoureachyoursuccess.A.Failureisyourplatformtosuccess.B.Youareguaranteedalifetimeofsuccess.C.Iwasturneddownbycountlessgraduateschemes.D.Youmaynotbesuccessfulthefirst,secondorhowevermanytimes.E.UponreflectionIbelievethatthisispartlyasaresultofthefailureitself.F.Despiteallofthis,Iendedupgettingadistinctioninmymaster’sdegree.G.However,rarelywilltheyseehowmanytimeshisinvestmentshavefailed.【答案】16.E17.G18.F19.D20.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是議論文。文章主要講述失敗不可怕，反而是通往成功的平臺(tái)?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Waitingforthoseresultswasoneofthemostanxietygeneratingexperiences.”（等待這些結(jié)果是最容易產(chǎn)生焦慮的經(jīng)歷之一）和下文“Failingbringsjudgementfromothers,atopicofdiscussionforpeople,andtherightforotherstosayyouarenotcapable.”（失敗會(huì)帶來別人的評判，成為人們討論的話題，也會(huì)讓別人有權(quán)說你沒有能力）可知，上文提到等待結(jié)果的過程是很讓人焦慮的，原因應(yīng)該是害怕會(huì)有失敗的結(jié)果，下文分析了失敗會(huì)帶來什么樣的結(jié)果。選項(xiàng)E“經(jīng)過反思，我認(rèn)為這部分是失敗本身的結(jié)果”符合語境，承上啟下。故選E?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文“PeoplewillalwaysfocusonWarrenBuffett’ssuccessasaninvestor.”（人們將永遠(yuǎn)關(guān)注沃倫·巴菲特作為投資者的成功）推知，接下來要提出巴菲特也有投資失敗的時(shí)候。選項(xiàng)G“然而，他們很少會(huì)看到他的投資失敗了多少次”符合題意，選項(xiàng)中的They指代上文的People。故選G?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)上文“IwasrejectedfrommedicalschoolswhichI’dspenttimeandeffortapplyingtoandpreparingfor.”（我被醫(yī)學(xué)院拒絕了，我花了很多的時(shí)間和精力去申請和準(zhǔn)備這些醫(yī)學(xué)院）和下文“IalsobeganstudyingMedicinelastyear.”（我去年還開始學(xué)習(xí)醫(yī)學(xué)了）可知，上文提到作者曾經(jīng)的失敗經(jīng)歷，下文提到他成功開始學(xué)習(xí)醫(yī)學(xué)，所以中間應(yīng)該提到過渡：雖然以前失敗，但是后來還是成功了。選項(xiàng)F“盡管如此，我還是獲得了碩士學(xué)位”符合題意。故選F?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Butyoushouldknowthatwitheachfailureyouareclosertosuccess,buildingfurtherlayerstothefoundationsyoustarted.”（但你應(yīng)該知道，隨著每次失敗，你離成功更近了，在你開始的基礎(chǔ)上再進(jìn)一步）中的but可知空格處要和這句話構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折。選項(xiàng)D“你可能第一次、第二次或無論多少次都不成功”符合題意，雖然失敗了很多次，但離成功更近。故選D?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Learnwhatyouneedandcorrectyourapproachuntilyoureachyoursuccess.”（了解你需要什么，糾正你的方法，直到你取得成功）可知，這是在說明學(xué)會(huì)從失敗中吸取教訓(xùn)就會(huì)成功。選項(xiàng)A“失敗是你成功的平臺(tái)”符合題意。故選A。第三部分：語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)：完形填空(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。ShaineKilyunwasscrollingthroughvideosonherphoneonenightinDecember2020.Suddenlyshe____21____avideoofdogsinwheelchairs.“That’sit!”shethought.Shainehadalwayslovedanimalsandvisitedlocalveterinary(獸醫(yī)的)clinicsoften.Shewasa____22____volunteerthere.ButShainecriedwhenshelearnedolderanddisabledanimalsareoftenkilledpainlesslybecausetheycan’twalkandrequireextra____23____.Now,asShainewatchedthedisableddogsinthevideomovingaroundintinywheelchairs____24____andfreely,herheartwasfilledwith____25____.“Icanmakewheelchairsforsenioranddisabledanimals!”shedecided.AsShaine____26____oncountlessvideosshowingwaystomaketinymobility“wheelies”foranimals,her____27____grew.Thenextday,Shaineheadedtothehardwarestoreand____28____somePVCpipes,foamandwheelsandbegan____29____withdesigns.Shetestedoutthecartsonherowndogandcats.____30____shefoundamodelthatworked,shereachedouttoveterinarianssheknew.SeeingCypress,adisabled7montholdpuppy,takeoffinherwheelie,Shainebecameevenmore____31____toherproject.ShepostedpicturesofhercartsonInstagram,andsoonordersstartedingin.Shaineasksforafew____32____oftheanimalsandthencustommakeseachwheelchairforthefurryfriends.Sheacceptsjustenoughmoneyto____33____costs.“I’mso____34____thatIamabletofillaneed,”saystheindustriousgirl,“Helpingdisabledpetsmeansthe____35____tome!”21.A.subscribedto B.cameacross C.checkedout D.reflectedon22.A.potential B.professional C.regular D.talented23.A.care B.duty C.recognition D.courage24.A.cautiously B.worriedly C.eagerly D.happily25.A.sympathy B.curiosity C.hope D.doubt26.A.carried B.clicked C.counted D.rested27.A.excitement B.pride C.relief D.shock28.A.produced B.bought C.arranged D.gathered29.A.paring B.dealing C.consulting D.experimenting30.A.Before B.Once C.Unless D.Though31.A.accustomed B.attached C.mitted D.submitted32.A.measurements B.ments C.expectations D.behaviors33.A.estimate B.reduce C.cover D.spread34.A.annoyed B.astonished C.touched D.pleased35.A.fortune B.world C.opportunity D.challenge【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.D25.C26.B27.A28.B29.D30.B31.C32.A33.C34.D35.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講了動(dòng)物愛心人士Shaine通過為殘疾動(dòng)物量身定做行走工具，而找到了成就感。【21題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：突然，她看到了一段狗坐在輪椅上的視頻。A.subscribedto訂閱；B.cameacross無意中發(fā)現(xiàn)；C.checkedout結(jié)賬離開；D.reflectedon反省。根據(jù)下文“avideoofdogsinwheelchairs.“That’sit!”shethought”可知，她突然看到了一段狗坐在輪椅上的視頻，空格處是“無意中發(fā)現(xiàn)”。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她是那里的固定志愿者。A.potential潛在的；B.professional專業(yè)的；C.regular固定的；D.talented有天賦的。根據(jù)上文“visitedlocalveterinary(獸醫(yī)的)clinicsoften”可知，她是那里的固定志愿者。故選C?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)她了解到年老和殘疾的動(dòng)物因?yàn)樗鼈儫o法行走，需要額外的照顧而通常會(huì)被無痛地殺死時(shí)，她哭了，A.care照顧；B.duty職責(zé)；C.recognition認(rèn)可；D.courage勇氣。根據(jù)上文“theycan’twalk”可知，那些動(dòng)物因?yàn)椴荒茏呗匪孕枰~外的照顧。故選A?！?4題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在，當(dāng)Shaine看著視頻中殘疾的狗在小輪椅上高興而自由地移動(dòng)時(shí)，她的心里充滿了希望。A.cautiously謹(jǐn)慎地；B.worriedly擔(dān)心地；C.eagerly急切地；D.happily高興地。根據(jù)上文“thedisableddogsinthevideomovingaroundintinywheelchairs”可知，殘疾的狗可以坐著輪椅移動(dòng)，所以應(yīng)該是感到很高興。故選D?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在，當(dāng)Shaine看著視頻中殘疾的狗在小輪椅上快樂而自由地移動(dòng)時(shí)，她的心里充滿了希望。A.sympathy同情；B.curiosity好奇心；C.hope希望；D.doubt懷疑。根據(jù)下文“Icanmakewheelchairsforsenioranddisabledanimals”可知，Shaine覺得自己可以幫那些狗做輪椅，所以是心里充滿了希望。故選C?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)Shaine點(diǎn)擊了無數(shù)視頻，展示如何為動(dòng)物制作微型移動(dòng)“輪車”時(shí)，她的興奮之情與日俱增。A.carried搬運(yùn)；B.clicked點(diǎn)擊；C.counted數(shù)數(shù)；D.rested休息。根據(jù)下文“oncountlessvideos”可知，她點(diǎn)擊視頻。故選B?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)Shaine點(diǎn)擊了無數(shù)視頻，展示如何為動(dòng)物制作微型移動(dòng)“輪車”時(shí)，她的興奮之情與日俱增。A.excitement興奮；B.pride驕傲；C.relief寬慰，輕松；D.shock震驚。根據(jù)下文“Thenextday,Shaineheadedtothehardwarestoreand____8____somePVCpipes,foamandwheelsandbegan____9____withdesigns”可知，當(dāng)Shaine點(diǎn)擊了無數(shù)視頻，展示如何為動(dòng)物制作微型移動(dòng)“輪車”時(shí)，她的興奮之情與日俱增。故選A。【28題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：第二天，Shaine去了五金店，買了一些PVC管、泡沫和輪子，開始試驗(yàn)各種設(shè)計(jì)。A.produced生產(chǎn)；B.bought買；C.arranged安排；D.gathered聚集。根據(jù)上文“Shaineheadedtothehardwarestore”可知，Shaine在店里買了些東西。故選B。【29題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：第二天，Shaine去了五金店，買了一些PVC管、泡沫和輪子，開始試驗(yàn)各種設(shè)計(jì)。A.paring比較；B.dealing處