2023北京中關(guān)村中學(xué)高三3月月考英語（教師版）

2023北京中關(guān)村中學(xué)高三3月月考英語考生須知本試卷共10頁，共100分?？荚嚂r(shí)長(zhǎng)90分鐘?？忌鷦?wù)必將答案答在答題卡上，在試卷上作答無效?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，請(qǐng)將答題卡交回。第一部分知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，30分）第一節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。IlostmyjobrightbeforeChristmas.Iwastheonlyparentofadaughter,Kristil,12.Mypaycheckwas___1___.WhileweweresearchingforChristmastree,Istruggledtobe___2___asIeyedeachpricetag.Mondaymorning,Isetoffto___3___money.IsoldsomePreciousMomentsfigurinesinanantiquesstore.AndIfuriously___4___jobsasmybankaccountgrewsmaller.Ifeltasiftheworldwasclosinginonme.Oneafternoon,IdroppedKristilinawealthygatedcommunityforabirthdayparty.Iwatchedasshewentin,surroundedbyallthenicethingswecouldn’tafford.Idrovehome___5___.Backathome,Iglancedoutofthewindow.Inoticedapetitewomanwithshortwhitehairstrugglingtoopenhercardoor___6___thewind.Itwasmyoldprofessor,SisterEstherHeffernan.IfirstmetSisterEsther10yearsearlierwhenIwasherstudentatEdgewoodCollege.Kristilwas3atthetime,andIsometimestookhertoclass.SisterEstherwasunderstandingandwouldbringcoloringbooksto___7___Kristil.Irushedout.“Whatareyoudoingoutinthisweather?”Iaskedaswehugged.“Well,Icalledyourjobandtheysaidyouweren’tworkingthereanymore,soIthoughtIwouldcomeby,”shesaid.“IhavegiftsforyouandKristil.”SisterEsther’s___8___gavemehopethatthingswouldbeallright.Afterashorttalk,shegotupandleftaChristmascard.WhenIopenedit,hundred-dollarbillsfellontothetable.Tearsof___9___welledinmyeyesasIcounted.SisterEstherhadgivenme$1,000.It’sbeen14yearssincethatChristmas,butI’veneverforgottenwhatSisterEstherdidforus.In2020,atage91,shedied,buttheloveshegavelivesonintheheartsofmany.____10____,Iamone.1.A.reward B.survival C.salary D.focus2.A.cheerful B.sad C.worried D.pleased3.A.pursue B.change C.raise D.borrow4.A.tookup B.helddown C.goton D.appliedfor5.A.surprised B.troubled C.defeated D.motivated6.A.in B.with C.beyond D.against7.A.teach B.occupy C.welcome D.entertain8.A.gift B.teaching C.assistance D.presence9.A.affection B.overjoy C.gratitude D.excitement10.A.Generally B.Luckily C.Honorably D.Proudly第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）A閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。WhenKylie____11____(treat)byDr.MichelleLim,oneofAustralia’sleadingscientificexpertsonloneliness,shetalkedaboutherlife.____12____(drive)bytwochildrenandacompany,shefeltthatnooneunderstoodherstruggles.Withherhandssofull,shedidn’tthinkitwaspossibletofeellonely.Butshediscoveredlonelinessdoesn’tonlyhappentopeople____13____areisolated.Instead,shesaid,itwasaboutfeelingdisconnectedfromothers.B閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Learningisarelativelypermanentchangeinbehaviourthat____14____(mark)anincreaseinknowledge,skills,orunderstandingthankstorecordedmemories.Amemoryisthefruitofthislearningprocess.Youcanrememberanewpicceofinformationbetterifyoucanassociateit____15____previouslyacquiredknowledge.Andthemoremeaningfultheassociationistoyoupersonally,themoreeffectivelyitwillhelpyoutoremember.Sotakingthetime____16____(choose)ameaningfulassociationcanpayoffinthelongrun.C閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Inastudy,subjectswhopracticedthemade-uplanguagemoderatelybeforehandmade____17____（few）errorsthanthosewhopracticedextensivelyornotatall.Highlevelsofknowledgecanmakepeopletooattachedtotraditionalwaysofviewingproblemsacrossfields.Highconscientiousness（自覺性）isrelatedtolowerjob____18____（perform）,especiallyinsimplejobswhereitdoesn'tpaytobeaperfectionist.Howlongwestayontheclockandhowwespendthattimeareundercarefulexaminationinmanyworkplaces.Theyoungbankerwhoeatslunchathisdeskisprobablyseenasago-getter,____19____hiscolleagueswhochatoverarelaxedconference-roommealgetdirtylooksfromthecorneroffice.Peoplefromculturesthatvaluerelationshipsmorethanoursdoes____20____（shock）bythethoughtofeatingaloneinfrontofacomputer.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，38分）第一節(jié)（共14小題；每小題2分，共28分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AYourcollegeessayshouldconvinceadmissionofficers,inlessthantenminutes,thatyouwouldbeagoodmatchfortheircolleges.Atthemostbasiclevel,theessaydemonstratesyourcommunicationandwritingskills.Inaddition,theessayallowsadmissionofficerstodiscovermoreaboutyouasaperson—asideofyounotreflectedinstatisticslikegradesandScholasticAssessmentTest（SAT）scores.Howtheessayisevaluated?Didyouaddressthequestionasked??Isyourwritingmechanicallysound?Isyourwritingstylecomfortable?Canyouconstructagoodsentence?Canyouputtogetheracogentparagraph??Canyoudiscussatheme?Isyourargumentlogical?Didyoubeginandendtheessaywithsomefinesse??Doyouwritewithstyle,nuanceandcreativity—andinadistinctivevoice?ChoosingatopicWhiletherearenoinherentlybadessaytopics,becarefulaboutthefollowingsubjects:?Winningorlosingthebiggame?Deathofapet?Friendshipproblems?Anythingthatsuggeststhatyoudon'tseethefuturebeyondhighschool.?Simplesolutionstoworldproblems.?Remembertoanswerthequestion!Polishingtheessay?Craftaninterestingopeningsentencetohookthereader.Ifit'sdull,thereaderwillbebored.?Berevealing...disclosethingsaboutyourselfwithoutbeingconfessional.?Bewareoftryingtoimpressadmissionofficerswithwhatyouthinktheywanttohear.?Don'tbeafraidtouseyourumaginationortobeunconventional.?Haveateacher,parentorfriendreadyourseconddraft.Askthem:Isitinteresting?Doesitsoundlikeme?Wasitfuntoread?NavigationalhazardsThelittledetailsaren'tthemostimportantpartoftheessay,butyoudon'twanttheadmissioncommitteetothinkyou'reacarelesswriter.?Alwaysproofreadbeforeproducingthefinaldraft.Ifyouaretiredoftheessay,letsomeoneelseproofit.Checkforspellingerrors;spellcheckwon'tcatcheverything!?Don'tplagiarize:admissionofficershavereadwidelyandhavesophisticatedwaysofcheckingcontent.?Don'tgetoverwhelnedaboutcomposingyouressay—writewhatyoufeel,doitwell...andyou'llmakeagreatimpression!21.Accordingtothepassage,studentsareexpectedtoA.includealldetailsofacademicreportsB.offersolutionstocomplexworldissuesC.describeschoolexperiencesoffriendshipsD.showtheircommunicationandwritingability22.Whichofthefollowingmakesagreatcollegeessay?A.Tocreateanappealingopening.B.Toskipthelittleunimportantdetails.C.Todoublecheckthefinaldraftbyyourself.D.Tobecarefulenoughwithwhatyoureallyfeel.23.Wherecanyoumostprobablyreadthispassage?A.Academicjournal. B.Newspapercolumn.C.Teenmagazine. D.Universitywebsite.BHarveySuttonspentnearlysevenmonthshikingwithhisparents,walkingthethousandsofmilesthatmakeupthecompleteAppalachianTrail(AT).Harvey,or“LittleMan”,wasjust4yearsoldwhenhestarted,andcelebratedhis5thbirthdayonthetrail.Harvey’sparents,JoshandCassicSution,havebeenhikingwithHarveysincehewastwo.TheypreparedhimforhikingtheATbystartingoutwithlotsofshorterwalksandhikes.IttookHarveyandhisfamily209daystocompletetheentireAT.Everydaythefamilywouldwakeuparound5:30inthemorning.Theywouldhavebreakfastandpackuptheirtentandsleepingbagsbeforesettingoffthroughthewoods.Ingeneral,thefamilyhikedabout16kilometersadaybeforestoppingtocampagain.DuringhisdaysontheAT,Harveylikedtousehisimagination.Thishelpedhimwalkmorequicklyandhavefunwhilehehiked.Heplayedgameswithhismomanddadandotherhikers.Harveysaysheenjoyedplayingthe“cellphonegame”whereyoupretendyouaredifferentpeople.Harveyandhisfamilymadefriendswithotherhikersonthetrail.Alongtheway,Harveyearnedthenicknameof“LittleMan”.KarlDonusSakashikedwiththeSuttonsthroughsevenstates.HehelpedmakethehikefunforHarveybycreatingatreasurehuntforhimtocomplete.ButHarveyalsoenjoyedthesometimeshardworkofhiking.“Myfavoritepartwastherockscrambles,”hesays,“becausetheyweresofunandhard.”Mr.SakassaysHarveydidn’tseemtogettired.Whenotherhikerswerewornoutattheendoftheday,Harveywasstilleagerforagameoffreezetag.CompletingtheATtaughtHarveyandhisparentshowtoworkasateamandhowtotakeonchallengestogether.Harvey’smomsaysthatbecauseoftheexperience,“We’recloserthaneverbefore.”24.Accordingtothestory,weknowthat.A.HarveySuttonstartedhikingattheageof4.B.Harveyisphysicallystrongerthanotherhikers.C.HarveySuttonmanagedthetripthroughfunactivities.D.HarveywasaccompaniedbyKarlDonusSakastocompletethetrail.25.Whichwordcanbestdescribethetrail,accordingtoHarvey?A.Enjoyable B.Tiring C.Tough D.Novel26.Whatcanwelearnfromthestory?A.Successliesinperseverance. B.Manyhandsmakelightwork.C.Likefather,likeson. D.Nopains,nogains.CBeethovenwrotemanyfamouspiecesofmusic,buthe’sprobablybestknownforhisninesymphonies.Asymphonyisalong,complicatedpieceofclassicalmusic,usuallydividedintofourparts.Thefourpartsareoftenlinkedby“themes”—repeatedmusicalideasthattiethewholepiecetogether.WhenBeethovendiedin1827,hehadsomeideasfora10thSymphony.Butallthatheleftbehindweresomenotesaboutthepieceandafew“sketches”—shortbitsofwrittenmusic.In2019,aspecialteamofmusicians,computerscientists,andhistorianswasformed.Theirgoal:totrytocompleteBeethoven’s10thSymphonytocelebratehis250thbirthday.Theteamdidn’tjustwanttocompletethesymphony,theywantedtocomeascloseaspossibletoproducingthesymphonythatBeethovenmeanttowrite.That’swheredeeplearningcamein.Deeplearning—sometimescalledArtificialIntelligence(AI)—describescomputerprogramsthatsortdeeplythroughhugeamountsofinformation.Thisallowsthemtofindpatternshumansmaynothavenoticed.Theprogramscanthenusethosepatternsinnewandsurprisingways.TotrainanAItohelpwiththesymphony,theteamturnedeverypieceofmusicthatBeethoveneverwroteintoaformthecomputercouldunderstand.ByfeedingtheprogramallofBeethoven’smusic,theAIcouldlookforpatternsinthewayBeethovenwrote.Thisincluded,forexample,howhere-usedsimplemelodiesallthroughapiecetocreateatheme,orhowhemovedbetweendifferentpartsofthesymphony.OthermembersoftheteamstudiedBeethoven’snotesandsketches,andworkedtofigureoutwhatBeethovenwasplanningtodo.Whereinthesymphonydidheplantouseeachlittlebitofmusicthatheleft?________.TheyplayedafewminutesofmusiccreatedbytheAIforBeethovenexperts,musicians,andreporters.NoonecouldtellwhichpartshadbeenwrittenbyBeethovenandwhichpartstheAImadeup.Finally,theAIhadthechallengeoftryingtoconnectthelittlemusicalbitsintoasymphony.Ittookovertwoyears,buttheteamwasabletocompleteBeethoven’s10thSymphony.Notsimplyamelody,but40minutesofmusicforafullorchestra—alargegroupofmusiciansplayingeverythingfromstringinstruments,likeviolins,totrumpets,flutes,drums,andpiano.SoBeethovennowhasa10thSymphony.AndthoughBeethovendidn’twriteitall,theteamfeelssurethatthemusicisverymuchlikewhathemighthavewritten,ifhe’dhadthechance.27.Whatdoes“That”inParagraph3referto?A.HowtoimproveBeethoven’ssymphonies.B.HowtocelebrateBeethoven’s250thbirthday.C.HowtorestoreBeethoven’soriginalthoughtaccurately.D.HowtocompleteBeethoven’s10thSymphonyefficiently.28.WhichofthefollowingstatementcanbebestfilledinParagraph7?A.Thetestshowedtheteamwasontherighttrack.B.Thenewlycreatedmusicwasbeyondcomparison.C.The10thSymphonywaspresentedtobesuccessful.D.Thefirstattemptprovedthesymphonywasamasterpiece.29.WhatcanbeinferredabouttheapplicationofAIinmusic?A.TheytrainedanAItofolloweverynotethatBeethovenwrote.B.Computerprogramswerewrittentoturnthesepatternsintonotes.C.TheytaughtAItofigureouthowthemusicwasplayedbyBeethoven.D.TheAImanagedtodiscoverthepatternsafterprocessingtheprograms.30.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.AIIsAppliedtoPlayingClassicalMusic.B.AIIsUsedtoFinishBeethoven’sMusic.C.TheProcessofBeethoven’sCreationofMusic.D.Beethoven’sLastbuttheMostFamousSymphony.DAppliedEthicsAlthoughethicsclassesarecommonaroundtheworld,scientistsareunsureiftheirlessonscanactuallychangebehavior;evidenceeitherwayisweak,relyingoncontrivedlaboratorytestsorsometimesunreliableself-reports.ButanewstudypublishedinCognitionfoundthat,inatleastonereal-worldsituation,asingleethicslessonmayhavehadlastingeffects.Theresearchersinvestigatedoneclasssession’simpactoneatingmeat.Accordingtostudyco-authorEricSchwitzgebel,aphilosopherattheUniversityofCalifornia,Riverside:students’attitudesonthetopicarevariableandunstable,behavioriseasilymeasurable,andethicsliteraturelargelyagreesthateatinglessmeatisgoodbecauseitreducesenvironmentalharmandanimalsuffering.Halfofthestudentsinfourlargephilosophyclassesreadanarticleontheethicsoffactory-farmedmeat,optionallywatchedan11-minutevideoonthetopicandjoineda50-minutediscussion.Theotherhalffocusedoncharitablegivinginstead.Then,unbeknownsttothestudents,theresearchersstudiedtheiranonymizedmeal-cardpurchasesforthatsemester—nearly14,000receiptsforalmost500students.“It’sanawesomedataset,”saysNinaStrohminger,apsychologistwhoteachesbusinessethicsattheUniversityofPennsylvaniaandwasnotinvolvedinthestudy.Schwitzgebelpredictedtheinterventionwouldhavenoeffect;hehadpreviouslyfoundthatethicsprofessorsdonotdifferfromotherprofessorsonarangeofbehaviors,includingvotingrates,blooddonationandreturninglibrarybooks.Butamongstudentsubjectswhodiscussedmeatethics,mealpurchasescontainingmeatdecreasedfrom52to45percent—andthiseffectheldsteadyforthestudy’sdurationofseveralweeks.Purchasesfromtheothergroupremainedat52percent.“That’sactuallyaprettylargeeffectforaprettysmallintervention.”Schwitzgebelsays.Strohmingeragrees:“Thethingthatstillblowsmymindisthattheonlythingthat’sdifferentbetweenthesetwocasesisjustthatonedayinclass.”Shesaysshewantstheeffecttoberealbutcannotruleoutsomeunknownconfoundingvariable.Andifreal.Strohmingernotes,itmightbereversiblebyanothernudge:“Easycome,easygo.”Schwitzgebelsuspectsthegreatestimpactcamefromsocialinfluence—classmatesorteachingassistantsleadingthediscussionsmayhavesharedtheirownvegetarianism,showingitasachievableormorecommon.Second,thevideomayhavehadanemotionalimpact.Leastrousing,hethinks,wasrationalargument,althoughhisco-authorssayreasonmightplayabiggerrole.Nowtheresearchersareprobingthespecificeffectsofteachingstyle,teachingassistants’eatinghabitsandstudents’videoexposure.MeanwhileSchwitzgebelwhohadpredictednoeffect—willbeeatinghiswords.31.Paragraph2ismainlyabout.A.ResearchreasonsandprocessB.ResearchsubjectsandfindingsC.ResearchtopicandsignificanceD.Researchdatacollectionandanalysis32.Whichofthefollowingdoesn’tleadtotheresearchers’investigationintomeat-eatingamongstudents?A.Students’knowledgeofthetopic.B.Students’easily-measuredbehaviors.C.Students’changeableandunsteadyattitudes.D.Students’unawarenessofethicslessons’impact.33.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“blowsmymind”inParagraph4probablymean?A.Convincesme. B.Upsetsme. C.Alarmsme. D.Amazesme.34.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.ToproveSchwitzgebel’spredictioniswrong.B.Toshowteachingworksinbehaviorchanging.C.Toexplainstudentsareeasytomakeachange.D.Tojustifyinvestigationintoethicsisworthwhile.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，共10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Ifyouareofthe“noregrets”schooloflife,youmightthinkthatallthisregretisarecipeforunhappiness.Butthatisn’tthecase.True,lettingyourselfbeoverwhelmedbyregretisindeedbadforyou.Butgoingtotheotherextrememaybeevenworse.Toextinguishyourregretsdoesn’tfreeyoufromshameorsorrow;itconsignsyoutomakethesamemistakesagainandagain.Totrulygetoverourguiltrequiresthatweputregretinitsproperplace.Asuncomfortableasitis,regretisanamazingcognitivefeat.Itrequiresthatyougobacktoapastscenario,imaginethatyouacteddifferentlytochangeit,andwiththatnewscenarioinmind,arriveatadifferentpresent—andthen,comparethatfictionalpresentwiththeoneyouareexperiencinginreality._____35_____Youwouldrememberyourownpettinessandirritability,andthenimagineyourselfshowingmorepatience,beingkindinsteadofhurtfulatkeymoments.Thenyouwouldfast-forwardtotodayandseehowyourrelationshipcouldbeflourishinginsteadoflanguishing._____36_____Pinksaystheycomeinfourbasicvarieties,andaninstanceofregretmayinvolvejustoneoracombination.Wishingyou’dbeenkindertoyourpartnerisanexampleofaconnectionregret,inwhichyoulamentbehaviorthatharmedanimportantrelationship,suchasspoilingaromanceorneglectingyourbondwithrelativesbeforetheydied.Manyconnectionregretsoverlapwithmoralregrets,whichcancomeaboutafteryouviolateyourownvalues.Forexample,youmayprideyourselfonbeingalovingperson,andthusregretnotlivinguptothisimageintherelationshipyouharmed.Moralregretscanalsoinvolvejustyourself._____37_____Pink’sothertwocategoriesofregretsinvolvelifechoices.Foundationregretsarethoseinwhichyoudidsomethingthataffectedthecourseofyourlifeinawayyoudon’tlike.Aclassicexampleiswishingyouhadstayedinschool_____38_____.Theyareallaboutinactionandforgoneopportunities.Thisiswhatyoufeelwhenyoukickyourselffornottakingachance,asinwishingyouhadjustgoneuptothatattractivepersonandintroducedyourself._____39_____Regretisimplicatedindepressionandanxiety,andexcessiveregretcanadverselyaffectyourhormonesandimmunesystem.In2013,researchersaskedonegroupofparticipantsinanexperimenttodescribe“yourmostburdensomeregret”rightbeforegoingtobed;thisgrouptook61percentlongertogettosleepthanagrouptoldtothinkaboutatypicalday.Butregretdoesn’thavetobeleftunmanaged.Thetrickisnottoremovethebadfeeling;it’stoacknowledgeitanduseitforlearningandimprovement.Insteadoflettingthespecterofyourfailedrelationshipmakeyoumiserable,bysimplywishingithadtunedoutdifferentlyyoucanbehonestwithyourselfaboutwhatwentwrongandusethatknowledgetoenjoybetterrelationshipsinthefuture.A.Notallregretsarethesameofcourse.B.Meanwhile,boldnessregretsaretheopposite.C.Regretmayhurt,butobsessingoverthemisdestructive.D.Yourregretcanteachyoutobecomesmarterandmoresuccessful—ifyouletit.E.Unanalyzedandunmanaged,anyvarietyofregretcanbepoisonforyourwell-being.F.Maybeyouregretnotlivinguptoyourcommitmenttoyourhealthwhenyouateawholepizzaorskippedthegym.G.Forexample,iftodayyourrelationshipwithyourpartnerhassoured,yourregretmightmentallytakeyoubacktolastyear.第三部分書面表達(dá)（共兩節(jié)，32分）第一節(jié)（共4小題；第40、41題各2分，第42題3分，第43題5分，共12分）閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問題。請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡指定區(qū)域作答。ImagineplayingagameofOldMaidwithachild.Sheisabouttopickacard.Itwouldcostherthegame.Youthinkabouthowexcitedshe'dbeifshewon.Soyouhintthatshemightwanttoselectanothercard.Shedoes.Shewins.You’rebothhappy.Butwaslettingherwinawisemove?Scientistsandchildrenexpertshavelongsaidlosingonceinawhilehelpschildrenbuildcopingskills.Italsohelpsthemlearnwhattherealworldislike.AnewstudyhasbeendonebyAmherstCollegeandtheUniversityofVirginia.Thestudylooksat4and5-year-olds.Theresearchersconductedasericsoftrialswherethechildrenplayedagamewithhiddenobjects.Twoadultsgavecluestothelocationsoftheobjects.Oneadultgaveaccurateclues.Theothergavefalseones.Then,therescarcherssetupthegamesothathalfofthekidsalwaysfoundthehiddenobjectastheuncontrolledgroup.Theremainingchildrenplayedanothergameinthecontrolledgroup.Thisgamewaslefttochance.Theyweremorelikelytofindoutthehiddenobjectsiftheylistenedcarefully.Afterall,oneadultwouldgivehelpfulinformation.Afterwards,researchersaskedthekidswhichofthetwoadultsthey’dselecttohelpthemfindmorehiddenobjects?Thekidsintheuncontrolledgamepreferredtheadultwhogaveaccurateclues.Butthoseinthecontrolledversionhadnopreference.Thatmeansifyoualwaysletchildrenwin,theymightnotlearntospotimportantinformationrelevanttofuturesuccess.Cheatingtohelpkidswingameshastiestotoday’s“trophygames.”Childrenareoftengivenrewardssimplyforparticipatinginsportsandothercompetitiveevents.Parentsmaybelievetheyareassuringtheirchild’sgoodself-esteembyrewardingthemforshowingup,saysNickiNance,whoisalicensedpsychologistandaprofessoratBeaconCollege.Althoughgivingparticipationprizeisn’tnecessarilyharmful,itisimportantforchildrentolearnhowtodistinguishtrueaccomplishmentsfrommereparticipation.“Self-esteemdoesn’tcomefrombeingadored.”Nancesays.Itcomesfrommastery.“Ifwedon’tletchildrenfail,theymisstheopportunitytotakeownershipofsuccess.”40.Whydoscientistsandchildrenexpertssaylosingonceinawhileishelpful?_________________________________________________________________41.Whydidthechildreninthecontrolledgrouphavenopreferenceinchoosingadulttohelpthemfindmorehiddenobjects?_________________________________________________________________42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.?Tohelpchildrenlearnhowtodistinguishtrueaccomplishmentsfrommereparricipation,participationprizeshouldnotbeawarded._________________________________________________________________43.Pleaseexplainwhatyouhavelearnedfromyourfailurewithanexample.（Inabout40words）_________________________________________________________________第二節(jié)（20分）44.假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)高三學(xué)生李華。你的英國(guó)好友Jim在你們學(xué)校網(wǎng)站上看到了學(xué)生參加職業(yè)規(guī)劃與體驗(yàn)活動(dòng)的照片。很感興趣，發(fā)來郵件詢問、請(qǐng)你給他回復(fù)郵件，內(nèi)容包括：1.該項(xiàng)活動(dòng)的相關(guān)信息（時(shí)間、內(nèi)容……）；2.你參加該項(xiàng)活動(dòng)的感受。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2.開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。提示詞：職業(yè)規(guī)劃careerplanningDearJim,___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua

參考答案第一部分知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，30分）第一節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）【答案】1.B2.A3.C4.D5.C6.D7.D8.D9.C10.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章介紹了作者在窮困潦倒之際受到埃斯特修女幫助的感人故事。【1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我的薪水只能維持生計(jì)。A.reward獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)；B.survival生存；C.salary工資；D.focus關(guān)注，焦點(diǎn)。前文提到“IlostmyjobrightbeforeChristmas.Iwastheonlyparentofadaughter”（我在圣誕節(jié)前丟了工作。我女兒只有我一個(gè)家長(zhǎng)。）判斷，作為單親家長(zhǎng)的作者又丟掉了工作，只能勉強(qiáng)維持生計(jì)。故選B?！?題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我們?cè)趯ふ沂フQ樹時(shí)，我看著每個(gè)價(jià)簽，努力使自己高興起來。A.cheerful高興的；B.sad難過的；C.worried焦慮的；D.pleased滿意的。根據(jù)上文“IlostmyjobrightbeforeChristmas.”（我在圣誕節(jié)前丟了工作。）判斷，作者的錢只夠維持生計(jì)，沒有辦法負(fù)擔(dān)額外的事情，但又是圣誕節(jié)，為了女兒要努力表現(xiàn)出高興的樣子。故選A。【3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：星期一早上，我出發(fā)去籌集資金。A.pursue追求；B.change改變；C.raise籌集；D.borrow借到。根據(jù)后文“IsoldsomePreciousMomentsfigurinesinanantiquesstore.”（我在一家古董店賣了一些珍貴時(shí)刻的小雕像）判斷，作者通過變賣一些東西來增加家里的收入，為家里籌錢。故選C?！?題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。句意：隨著我的銀行存款越來越少，我瘋狂地找工作。A.tookup拿起；開始從事；B.helddown抑制；壓制；C.goton上車；D.appliedfor申請(qǐng)。后文提到“asmybankaccountgrewsmaller.”（隨著我銀行存款越來越少）由此判斷，作者因?yàn)殄X越來越少所以才要瘋狂地找工作。故選D?！?題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我沮喪地開車回家。A.surprised驚訝的；B.troubled動(dòng)亂的，不安的；C.defeated受挫的，泄氣的；D.motivated積極的。前文提到“Iwatchedasshewentin,surroundedbyallthenicethingswecouldn’tafford.”（我看著她走進(jìn)去，周圍都是我們買不起的好東西）作者看到這些好東西自己又買不起，再聯(lián)想到自己的處境，應(yīng)該是感覺到非常受挫。故選C?！?題詳解】考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：我注意到一個(gè)留著短短的白發(fā)的嬌小的女人在寒風(fēng)中掙扎著打開車門。A.in在……里面；Bwith和……一起；C.beyond超越；D.against和……對(duì)抗。前文提到“apetitewomanwithshortwhitehairstrugglingtoopenhercardoor”（一個(gè)嬌小的女人在寒風(fēng)中打開車門）由此判斷，埃斯特修女嬌小的身軀要和寒風(fēng)對(duì)抗，她很艱難的才能打開車門。故選D?！?題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：埃斯特修女很理解，她會(huì)帶著填色書來讓克里斯汀開心。A.teach教；B.occupy占據(jù)；C.welcome歡迎；D.entertain娛樂，使……高興。前文提到“Kristilwas3atthetime,andIsometimestookhertoclass.”（克麗絲蒂當(dāng)時(shí)3歲，我有時(shí)帶她去上課。）由此判斷，給3歲的小朋友填色書應(yīng)該是讓小朋友玩。故選D?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：埃斯特修女的出現(xiàn)給了我一切都會(huì)好起來的希望。A.gift禮物；B.teaching教育；C.assistance協(xié)助；D.presence出現(xiàn)。前文提到““Well,Icalledyourjobandtheysaidyouweren’tworkingthereanymore,soIthoughtIwouldcomeby,”shesaid.“IhavegiftsforyouandKristil.””（“嗯，我給你的公司打過電話，他們說你不在那里工作了，所以我想我可以過來看看，”她說?！拔矣卸Y物要給你和克麗絲蒂”）由此判斷，作者對(duì)埃斯特修女的出現(xiàn)是非常驚訝和驚喜的，而且她還為正處于困境的作者和女兒帶來了禮物，作者因此非常感動(dòng)，從而認(rèn)為正是埃斯特修女的出現(xiàn)帶給了自己希望。故選D?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：數(shù)著數(shù)著，感激的淚水涌上了我的眼眶。A.affection喜愛；B.overjoy萬分高興；C.gratitude感激之情；D.excitement興奮。后文提到“SisterEstherhadgivenme$1,000.”（埃斯特修女給了我1000美元。）作者現(xiàn)在急需用錢，而埃斯特修女給了她1000美元，幫助作者解決了燃眉之急，由此判斷，作者流下了感激的淚水。故選C。【10題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：幸運(yùn)的是，我就是其中之一。A.Generally通常；B.Luckily幸運(yùn)地；C.Honorably體面地；D.Proudly傲慢地。前文提到“It’sbeen14yearssincethatChristmas,butI’veneverforgottenwhatSisterEstherdidforus.In2020,atage91,shedied,buttheloveshegavelivesonintheheartsofmany.”（距離那個(gè)圣誕節(jié)已經(jīng)過去14年了，但我從未忘記埃斯特修女為我們所做的一切。2020年，91歲的她去世了，但她給予的愛活在了許多人的心中。）在作者窮困潦倒的時(shí)候，埃斯特修女的幫助讓作者順利渡過難關(guān)，由此判斷，作者因?yàn)槭艿搅怂膸椭械椒浅５男疫\(yùn)。故選B。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）【答案】11.wastreated12.Driven13.who##that【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章講述了凱莉在接受治療時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)了自己原來是孤獨(dú)的這一事實(shí)?！?1題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：當(dāng)凱莉接受澳大利亞頂尖的孤獨(dú)問題科學(xué)專家MichelleLim博士的治療時(shí)，她談到了自己的生活。結(jié)合主句謂語talked用一般過去時(shí)可知，從句主語Kylie和從句謂語動(dòng)詞treat是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，treat用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)