Unit2healthylifestylePeriod1ReadingandThinking（學(xué)案）高二英語(yǔ)學(xué)與練（人教選擇性）

Unit2HealthylifestylePeriod1ReadingandThinkingⅠ.重點(diǎn)詞匯1.n.酒精，酒→adj.酒精的，酗酒的；2.n.濫用，虐待，辱罵；vt.濫用，虐待，辱罵；3.vt.&vi.支配，控制，占有優(yōu)勢(shì)→n.控制，支配→adj.占支配地位的，占優(yōu)勢(shì)的，顯著的4.adj.合適的，恰當(dāng)?shù)摹鷄dv.合適地，恰當(dāng)?shù)亍鷄dj.不恰當(dāng)?shù)?，不合適的；5.n.提示，暗示，信號(hào)；vt.給(某人)暗示(或提示)；6.v.試圖，嘗試，努力→adj.未遂的；7.n.反應(yīng)，響應(yīng)，答復(fù)→v.回答，回應(yīng)，響應(yīng)；8.n.&v.根據(jù)，基礎(chǔ)，出發(fā)點(diǎn)，據(jù)點(diǎn)→adj.基礎(chǔ)的，初級(jí)的，基本的→adv.大體上，基本上；9.n.回報(bào)，獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，報(bào)酬；vt.獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，獎(jiǎng)賞，給以報(bào)酬→adj.有益的，值得做的，報(bào)酬高的；10.v.依賴，依靠→adj.可信賴的，可依靠的→adv.可靠地，可信地→n.可靠性，可信性；11.vt.促進(jìn)，促使，使便利；12.v.自信檢查，審查→n.考試，審查；13.v.使適應(yīng)，使適合，改編，改寫(xiě)→adj.能適應(yīng)的，有適應(yīng)能力的→n.適應(yīng)，改編本；14.adj.消極的，有害的，否定的；15.adj.悲觀的，悲觀主義的；16.n.自制力，紀(jì)律，學(xué)科；vt.自我控制，管教，處罰；17.adj.身體的，客觀存在的，物理學(xué)的→n.物理；18.adv.重復(fù)地→vt.重復(fù)；19.n.心理學(xué)，心理，心理影響→adj.心理學(xué)的；答案：1.alcohol→alcoholic；2.abuse；3.dominate→domination→dominant；4.appropriate→appropriately→inappropriate；5.cue；6.attempt→attempted；7.response→respond；8.base→basic→basically；9.reward→rewarding；10.rely→reliable→reliably→reliability；11.facilitate；12.examine→examination；13.adapt→adaptable→adaption；14.negative；15.pessimistic；16.discipline；17.physical→physics；18.repeatedly→repeat；19.psychology→psychological；Ⅱ核心短語(yǔ)1.回答，答復(fù)2.依賴，依靠，信賴3.立即，馬上4.決定，選定5.導(dǎo)致6.一遍又一遍地7.除了……還有……8.放棄9.畢竟，終究答案：inresponseto；relyon；straightaway；decideon；leadto；overandoveragain；asidefrom；giveup；afterall；Ⅲ.重點(diǎn)句型1.狀語(yǔ)從句的省略Thesebadhabits,ifleftunchecked,couldleadtomoreseriousoneswhentheybeeadults.這些壞習(xí)慣，如果不加以控制，在他們長(zhǎng)大后會(huì)變成更糟糕的壞習(xí)慣。2.過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)ThereisafamoussayingbasedonthephilosophyofAristotle:“Wearewhatwerepeatedlydo.”有一條基于亞里士多德哲學(xué)思想的著名諺語(yǔ)說(shuō)道：“重復(fù)的行為造就了我們?！?.not...but...不是……而是……Infact,themostsuccessfulwaytochangeisnotsuddenly,butoveraperiodoftime.事實(shí)上，最成功的改變方法不是突然的，而是要經(jīng)過(guò)一段時(shí)間。Ⅳ.重點(diǎn)詞匯講解1.Topreventharmfulhabitslikethesefromdominatingateenager’slifeisessential.避免這樣的壞習(xí)慣控制青少年的生活是非常必要的。歸納拓展：dominatevt.&vi.支配，控制，占有優(yōu)勢(shì)→dominationn.控制，支配→dominantadj.占支配地位的，占優(yōu)勢(shì)的，顯著的固定搭配：bedominatedby...被……控制例如：Foodwebsmaybedominatedbymanyweaklinksbecausethatarrangementismorestableoverthelongterm.食物網(wǎng)或許被很多弱的連接控制，因?yàn)槟欠N安排從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)看更穩(wěn)定。2.Tochangebadhabitsisnevereasy,evenwithmanyattempts.改變壞習(xí)慣從來(lái)不是一件容易的事，即便做了很多嘗試。歸納拓展：attemptn.努力，嘗試，試圖；v.嘗試，試圖→attemptedadj.未遂的；固定搭配：①makeanattempttodosth.試圖做某事②inanattempttodosth.試圖做某事③attempttodosth.嘗試做某事例如：Iattemptedtospeak,butwastoldtokeepquiet.我試圖發(fā)言，但被告知要保持安靜。易混辨析：attempttodosth.：表示“試圖做某事，努力做某事”，重在動(dòng)作，但并不一定成功，相當(dāng)于trytodosth.managetodosth.：表示“成功地做了某事”，重在結(jié)果，相當(dāng)于succeedindoingsth.【練一練】：用attempt/manage填空Theytoclimbtothetopofthemountain,butfailed.Theydidn’tloseheart,andtriedagain.Atlast,theytogetthere.答案：attempted,managed;3.Secondly，thereisa“routine”,theregularactionyoutakeinresponsetothecue.其次，有一個(gè)“日常行為”，即你回應(yīng)暗示的常規(guī)行為。歸納拓展：responsen.反應(yīng)，響應(yīng)，回復(fù)→respondv.回答，回應(yīng)，作出反應(yīng)；固定搭配：①inresponseto...作為對(duì)……的回復(fù)/反應(yīng)②respondto...(withsth.)(以……)對(duì)……作出反應(yīng)例如：Theproductwasdevelopedinresponsetocustomers’demand.為了滿足顧客的要求，開(kāi)發(fā)了這個(gè)產(chǎn)品。Iaskedhimhisname,buthedidn’trespond.我問(wèn)他的名字，可他沒(méi)有回答。4.Thirdly,thereisthe“reward”,thegoodthingorfeelingwegetfromtheroutine.第三，有“回報(bào)”，即我們從日常行為中得到的好東西或感覺(jué)。歸納拓展：（1）rewardn.回報(bào)，獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)；vt.獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，給以報(bào)酬→rewardingadj.有益的，有意義的；固定搭配：①arewardfordoingsth.因做某事而獲得的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)②inrewardfor...作為（對(duì)……的）回報(bào)/獎(jiǎng)賞③give/offerarewardtosb.for(doing)sth.為(做)某事而給某人報(bào)酬④rewardsb.withsth.用某物獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)某人⑤rewardsb.fordoingsth.因做某事獎(jiǎng)賞某人例如：Theresearchersthentestedhowthemonkeysbined—oradded—thesymbolstogetthereward.研究者隨后測(cè)試了這些猴子如何組合或添加這些符號(hào)來(lái)獲得獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。Theyrewardedthewinnerwithagoldmedal.他們獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)獲勝者一枚金牌。易混辨析：award：作名詞指“獎(jiǎng)品，獎(jiǎng)金”等；作動(dòng)詞表示“授予，給予；判給”，可以跟雙賓語(yǔ)，awardsb.sth.把某物授予/判給某人。reward：作名詞表示“賞金，獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)”或一些非金錢(qián)的報(bào)酬；作動(dòng)詞表示“獎(jiǎng)賞，酬謝”，只能以人或人的行為作賓語(yǔ)。prize：只能作名詞，表示“獎(jiǎng)賞，獎(jiǎng)金，獎(jiǎng)品”，尤指在比賽中獲得的榮譽(yù)?！揪氁痪殹浚河胷eward/award/prize填空①Everyyear,whoevermakesthemostbeautifulkitewillwina(n)intheKiteFestival.②Wewilloffera(n)oftenthousanddollarsforinformationaboutthecase.③NowtheNobelPrize,establishedbyAlfredNobel,isthemostrespectedintheworld.答案：prize,reward,award（2）relyv.依賴，依靠→reliableadj.可信賴的，可靠的→reliablyadv.可靠地，可信地→reliabilityn.可靠性；固定搭配：①relyon/uponsb.for...依靠某人獲得……②relyon/uponsb.todosth.指望/依靠某人做某事③relyon/uponitthat...相信/指望……例如：Thesuccessofthisprojectreliesoneachofustosparenoeffort.這個(gè)項(xiàng)目的成功依靠我們每個(gè)人不遺余力的努力。5.Tofacilitateapositivechangeinourbadhabits，wemustfirstexamineourbadhabitcyclesandthentrytoadaptthem.想要促使壞習(xí)慣朝著積極的方向變化，首先必須審視自己的壞習(xí)慣回環(huán)，然后盡力去調(diào)整。歸納拓展：（1）facilitatevt.促進(jìn)，促使，使便利→facilitationn.促進(jìn)，便利→facilitatorn.推動(dòng)者，促進(jìn)者；例如：Thewisemanmayfacilitatemunicationbetweenthecouple.這位智者或許能促進(jìn)這對(duì)夫婦之間的交流。（2）examinevt.(仔細(xì))檢查，審查，測(cè)驗(yàn)→examinationn.測(cè)試，審查→examinern.主考人，考官；例如：Inonestudy,DrPrinsteinexaminedthetwotypesofpopularityin235adolescents.在一項(xiàng)研究中，普林斯頓博士測(cè)試了235個(gè)青少年的兩種受歡迎程度。6.Youhavethepowertobuildahappyandhealthylifefullofgoodhabits.你有能力建立一個(gè)充滿良好習(xí)慣的快樂(lè)、健康的生活。歸納拓展：powern.力量，能力，權(quán)力；電力供應(yīng)，能量；v.驅(qū)動(dòng)；固定搭配：①beinpower執(zhí)政②e/risetopower開(kāi)始掌權(quán)/執(zhí)政③beyond/outofone’spower某人力所不能及④powersth.down/off使機(jī)器停止工作，關(guān)機(jī)例如：Thepartycametopoweratthelastelection.這個(gè)政黨在上次大選中上臺(tái)執(zhí)政Sorry,thephoneyouarecallingispoweredoff.對(duì)不起，您撥打的已關(guān)機(jī)。易混辨析：power：指內(nèi)在的或外加的力、潛在的或活動(dòng)的力、具體的或抽象的力、身體的或精神的力等；strength：指人體或物體內(nèi)存在的力，如力氣、耐力、抵抗力，有時(shí)也可指進(jìn)行某種活動(dòng)的推動(dòng)力，此時(shí)是不可數(shù)名詞；energy：指人所表現(xiàn)出的生機(jī)勃勃的精力，多用作不可數(shù)名詞；force：指促使物體運(yùn)動(dòng)的力，也可指勢(shì)力、武力或暴力，可用作可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞；【練一練】：用power/energy/strength/force填空①M(fèi)orewindpowerstationswillspringuptomeetthedemandforclean.②Couldyougivemeahand?Itseemsthatmyhasrunout.③Withthedevelopmentofmodernelectricalengineering,wecansendtowhereveritisneeded.④Thedoorandthewindowswereallclosedandtherewasnosignofusing.答案：energy,strength,power,force;7.Manyofustrytochangebadhabitsquickly,andifwearenotsuccessfulstraightaway,weoftenbeepessimisticandgiveup.我們中的很多人都想很快改掉壞習(xí)慣，如果我們沒(méi)有立刻成功，我們經(jīng)常會(huì)變得悲觀，從而放棄。歸納拓展：straightaway立即、馬上同義詞組：rightaway，rightnow，atonce，innotime，assoonaspossible例如：Hearingthenews，Igavehimacallstraightaway.聽(tīng)到這個(gè)消息，我立刻給他打了。（2）pessimisticadj.悲觀的，悲觀主義的→optimisticadj.樂(lè)觀的固定搭配：①bepessimisticabout對(duì)……悲觀②beoptimisticabout對(duì)……樂(lè)觀例如：Ithinkyouarebeingfartoopessimistic.我覺(jué)得你過(guò)于悲觀了。Hewasbadlyinjured,buthewasveryoptimisticabouthisfuture.他傷得很重，但是他對(duì)未來(lái)很樂(lè)觀。Ⅴ.經(jīng)典句型1.Thesebadhabits,ifleftunchecked,couldleadtomoreseriousoneswhentheybeeadults.這些壞習(xí)慣，如果不加以控制，在他們長(zhǎng)大后會(huì)變成更糟糕的壞習(xí)慣。歸納拓展：狀語(yǔ)從句的省略狀語(yǔ)從句省略的條件：①?gòu)木涞闹髡Z(yǔ)和主句的主語(yǔ)相同，且從句的謂語(yǔ)中含有be動(dòng)詞，可以將從句的主語(yǔ)和be動(dòng)詞一起省略。②如果狀語(yǔ)從句中出現(xiàn)了itis/was時(shí)，可以把itis/was一起省略。例如：Whilestayinginthevillage，Jamessharedwhateverhehadwiththevillagers.待在村子里的那段時(shí)間，詹姆斯同村民分享了他所擁有的一切。2.AstheChinesephilosopherLaoZiwrote,“Ajourneyofathousandmilesbeginswithasinglestep.”正如中國(guó)哲學(xué)家老子所說(shuō)：“千里之行，始于足下?！睔w納拓展：as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句常用以下搭配：asisoftenthecase這是常有的事情asweexpected不出所料asoftenhappens正如經(jīng)常發(fā)生的那樣ashasbeensaidbefore如前所述asismentionedabove正如上面所提到的asisknowntoall=asweallknow眾所周知例如：Heisabsorbedinwork,asisoftenthecase.他全神貫注于工作，這是常有的事情。鞏固練習(xí)Ⅰ.單詞拼寫(xiě)1.Theyoungmanoftentakeshis(暗示)fromtheboss.2.Everyoneshouldkeep(紀(jì)律)andyouarenoexception.3.Heshowedhowtherichandpowerfulcan(濫用)theirposition.4.Chinaalready(控制)theglobaltruckmarket,accountingforthreeofthetopfivetruckmakers.5.Tobeoptimisticortobe(悲觀),thisisanattitude.6.Goodandevilwillalwaysbe(獎(jiǎng)勵(lì));itisonlyaquestionoftime.7.Youcanlearnnothingwith(否定的)attitude.8.He(檢查)herpassportandstampedit.9.Nowadayssomepeople(依賴)toomuchonconveniencefood.10.Isit(合適的)tomakeaspeech?11.I(嘗試)tospeak,butwastoldtokeepquiet.12.It’ssaidthatthiskindofbatterycould(驅(qū)動(dòng))anelectriccarfor600milesonasinglecharge.13.Whenhewasatcollege，hewascrazyabout(心理學(xué)).14.Littlechildrenshouldn’tdrinksomethingcontaining(酒精).15.Shetoldmethatshewasoftendisturbedbysome(消極的)thoughts.答案：cue,discipline,abuse,dominates,pessimistic,rewarded,negative,examined,rely,appropriate,attempted,power,psychology,alcohol,negativeⅡ.單句語(yǔ)法填空16.Theyaskedhimtogiveaspeech,buthemadeno(respond)．17.Ireallydidn’tknowwhytheyhaddecidedthatboytohelpthem.18.Asamatteroffact,noteveryoneissopessimisticthefuture.19.Applicantsareselectedforjobsontheresultsofapetitive(examine)．20.Itisahardjob,butatthesametimeitisa(reward)job.21.WhenIgoonajourney,mymotheroftenremindsme(repeat)．22.Theyoungmanrushedintothecastletorescuetheboy(dominate)bythegroup.23.You’dbetterpayattentiontotheir(physics)healthaswellastheirmentalhealth.24.You’dbetternotbetoostrictwithher.all,sheisonlyfour.25.Inthissituation,youmustmanagetoinformhimstraight.26.Whatwillthenewactordoin(respond)tothefunnynews?27.Iwilllendhersomemoneyinrewardhertimelyhelp.28.Sheissostrong-mindedthatshewon’tgiveherdreameasily.29.Theteacherwillofferyousomemethodsof(facilitate)learning.30.Hemadethesamemistake(repeat),whichmadethebossangry.答案：response,on,about,examination,rewarding,repeatedly,dominated,physical,After,away,response,for,up,facilitating,repeatedlyⅢ.根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思完成句子31這位老人選定了一個(gè)日子慶祝我們的成功。(decideon)32.檢查過(guò)這些包裹，他就派人去送了。(examine)33.顯然，他渴望做些事情來(lái)回報(bào)他們的善意。(reward)34.最后，她離開(kāi)家來(lái)回應(yīng)丈夫的惡行。(inresponseto)35.當(dāng)被問(wèn)及這個(gè)事故時(shí)，他保持了沉默，為的是不丟掉這份工作。36.這個(gè)年輕人很可靠，所以你遇到困難時(shí)可以依靠他。答案：Theoldmanhasdecidedonadatetocelebrateoursuccess.Havingexaminedtheseparcels，hesentsomeonetodeliverthem.Itisclearthatheiseagertodosomethinginrewardfortheirkindness.Atlast，shelefttheirhomeinresponsetoherhusband’sbadbehavior.Whenaskedabouttheaccident，hekeptsilentinordernottolosehisjob.Theyoungmanisreliablesoyoucanrelyonhimwhenyougetintotrouble.Ⅳ.語(yǔ)法填空Whenitestobeingfitandhealthy,we'reoftenreminded1.(aim